CN114969895B - River channel profile morphology modeling method based on trend constraint - Google Patents
River channel profile morphology modeling method based on trend constraint Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a trend constraint-based river channel section morphology modeling method, and aims to overcome the defects that when modeling is carried out through sedimentary facies or sand-ground ratio constraint in a traditional modeling method, sand bodies are in abrupt contact at boundaries of mudstone and sandstone facies, a vertical boundary is shown on a section, the internal morphology of the reservoir sand bodies is difficult to characterize, and the reliability is poor. According to the method, a gradient trend surface is established to constrain modeling through a reliable sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio plan acquired in geological research, so that the problem of channel boundary abrupt contact in a channel sand body model is solved, and the channel section shape is improved, so that the channel has geological shape and accords with geological understanding. Accurately simulating the internal structure and spatial distribution of the river channel, establishing a more accurate reservoir model and accurately reflecting the real internal structure of the oil reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir description, in particular to a trend constraint-based river channel profile morphology modeling method.
Background
Three-dimensional geological modeling has become an indispensable part of oil field production and development as a core content of modern reservoir description research. Scholars at home and abroad develop a great deal of research on various modeling methods, and the application of geological models in oil fields is accelerated. The mainstream modeling methods of the prior art are mainly sequential indication simulation, truncated gaussian simulation, target-based simulation methods, multipoint geostatistical simulation methods and the like, and different modeling methods have different characteristics and are suitable for different sedimentary features.
In the method, a target-based method is used for directly generating the geologic body in a modeling process by researching the morphology of the geologic body, such as length, width, thickness and quantitative relation thereof. By defining different geometric parameters of the target and geological relations among the parameters, the three-dimensional form of the reservoir can be truly reproduced. The multipoint geostatistics modeling method defines reservoir heterogeneity and determines reservoir distribution and geologic body structure in a model through establishment of a training image, and the training image is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image which can quantitatively describe the actual reservoir structure, geologic body geometric morphology and distribution characteristics and is a quantitative geological knowledge base, like a variation function in two-point geostatistics.
River sedimentation has been the focus of research on global oil and gas exploration and development, and river action and river sediment are one of important research objects in continental-facies oil-gas-bearing basins of China. On the basis of river sedimentation research, when the traditional modeling method is used for modeling through sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio constraint, sand bodies are in abrupt contact at boundaries of mudstone and sandstone facies and are represented as vertical boundary lines on a section, the internal morphology of the reservoir sand bodies is difficult to characterize, and the reliability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the background technology, the invention provides a river channel section morphology modeling method based on trend constraint.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trend constraint-based river channel profile morphology modeling method, including:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, acquiring river channel sand body parameters based on similar modern sedimentation investigation and field outcrop research of a river channel in a research area, and establishing a river channel sand body training image;
step two, acquiring well data of a research area, and establishing a sand-ground ratio contour map and a sedimentary facies map of the research area according to sand-mud ratio data of the well data of the research area;
thirdly, identifying and determining the river channel boundary by taking the sedimentary facies map as a constraint;
step four, setting sand shale development probability in a sand-to-earth ratio distribution interval in the sand-to-earth ratio contour map according to the sand-to-earth ratio contour map and a river channel boundary to generate a sand shale development probability gradient trend surface;
and fifthly, based on the river channel sand body training image and the data of the underground well in the research area, restraining the position of the river channel by combining a gradient trend surface, and depicting a river channel sand body model by using a multipoint geostatistics modeling method.
Preferably, in the first step, river sand parameters are obtained based on similar modern deposition investigation and field outcrop research on a river in a research area, and a river sand training image is established, which specifically includes:
acquiring river channel sand body parameters based on similar modern sedimentation investigation and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area;
and establishing a river channel sand body training image by a target-based simulation method according to the river channel sand body parameters.
Preferably, in the second step, a sand-to-ground ratio contour map and a sedimentary facies map of the research area are established according to the well data of the research area, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to well data of a research area, well point sand-mud ratio data and sand body thickness of a core well of the research area are obtained, and a sand-ground ratio contour map of the research area is established;
and establishing a sedimentary facies diagram of the research area according to the well point sand-mud ratio data and the sand-ground ratio contour map range of the core well.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the sand-shale development probability in the sand-to-ground ratio distribution interval in the sand-to-ground ratio contour map is set according to the sand-to-ground ratio contour map and the river boundary, so as to generate a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface, which specifically includes:
and according to the sand-to-ground ratio distribution intervals in the sand-to-ground ratio contour map, setting different sand-shale development probabilities in the different sand-to-ground ratio distribution intervals to generate a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface.
Preferably, in the fifth step, based on the river sand training image and the data of the underground wells in the research area, the position of the river is constrained by combining a gradient trend surface, and a multi-point geostatistical modeling method is used for depicting a river sand model, which specifically comprises:
and setting different intervals corresponding to unequal sand body development probabilities in the gradient trend surface, and combining the underground well data loading training image to carry out multi-point geological statistics simulation to establish a river channel sand body model so as to obtain a river channel section form according with geological rules.
According to the river channel section morphology modeling method based on trend constraint, a gradient trend surface is established to constrain modeling through a reliable sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio plan acquired in geological research, so that the problem of channel boundary abrupt contact in a river channel sand body model is solved, the river channel section morphology is improved, and the river channel section morphology has geological morphology and accords with geological knowledge. Accurately simulating the internal structure and spatial distribution of the river channel, establishing a more accurate reservoir model and accurately reflecting the real internal structure of the oil reservoir.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a river channel profile morphology modeling method based on trend constraint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a river sand training image guided by the quantitative knowledge base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sand-to-earth ratio contour map created from well point sand-to-mud ratio data for a cored well in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sedimentary facies plot based on well point sand-to-mud ratio data for a cored well in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sand body development probability trend surface established based on a sedimentary facies diagram according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a river sand model and a profile result plotted based on the sand probability trend surface constraint river channel position according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sand-ground ratio distribution interval set sandstone development probability principle based on a sand-ground ratio contour map of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a sand-to-earth ratio distribution interval setting sand shale development probability gradient trend surface based on a sand-to-earth ratio contour map of the invention;
FIG. 9 provides subsurface well data for a study area;
FIG. 10 is a river sand model and profile results plotted based on training images and well data in combination with gradient trend surface constraints for river channel location in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
River sedimentation is always the focus of research on global oil and gas exploration and development, and river action and river sediment are one of important research objects of continental facies hydrocarbon-containing basins in China. On the basis of river sedimentation research, when the traditional modeling method is used for modeling through sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio constraint, sand bodies are in abrupt contact at boundaries of mudstone and sandstone facies and are represented as vertical boundary lines on a section, the internal morphology of the reservoir sand bodies is difficult to characterize, and the reliability is poor.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a trend constraint-based river channel section morphology modeling method, which is used for establishing a gradient trend surface to constrain modeling by means of a reliable sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio plan acquired in geological research so as to solve the problems existing in a geological model. The following description and description will proceed with reference being made to various embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a river channel profile morphology modeling method based on trend constraint, which may be applied to PETREL modeling software, and includes:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring river channel sand body parameters based on similar modern sediment research and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area, and establishing a river channel sand body training image;
fig. 2 is a river sand body training image guided and established by the quantitative knowledge base of the invention. In the embodiment, based on similar modern sediment research and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area, parameters such as the width and the thickness of the river channel are represented quantitatively, a quantitative knowledge base is established, the width of the river channel is set to be 60-200m and obeys triangular distribution, the thickness of the river channel is set to be 4.5-10m and obeys triangular distribution, and the section shape of the river channel in the longitudinal direction is controlled to be flat-top and convex-bottom. In this embodiment, since the research area is underground (not measurable, only vertical well data), the sand body parameter data is obtained by surveying the modern sandy braided river and the field outcrop with similar reservoir characteristics, which are the same as the deposition environment of the research area and are in the global range.
The similar modern deposition refers to a modern deposition system which has similarity with geologic bodies in a research area in the aspects of deposition background, hydrodynamic conditions, development scale and the like and is representative in similar deposition in the global scope, so that similar modern deposition is selected as an investigation object on the basis of the principle of carrying out work. The field outcrop research refers to the measurement of ancient stratums which are the same as the target horizon and the deposition environment of a river channel in a research area, have similar reservoir characteristics and are exposed out of the earth surface due to geological action.
Table 1 shows the river quantification results of the geological knowledge base of the study area. The research configuration element of the invention is a river channel, and lithology mainly comprises sand and mud. Based on similar modern deposition research and field outcrop research, geometric parameters such as river channel width, thickness and the like are quantitatively represented, and a quantitative knowledge base is established, as shown in table 1. The width of the river channel in the research area is considered to be 60-200m, the thickness of the river channel is considered to be 4.5-10m, and the section shape of the river channel in the longitudinal direction is a top flat and bottom convex.
TABLE 1
Furthermore, the river channel sand body parameters are quantized and represented based on a quantitative knowledge base, and a target simulation based method is adopted to establish a river channel sand body training image in the research area. The established river channel sand body training image can reflect the space contact relation between different river channel sands and the background mud phase, and reflect the geometric shapes of all phases.
And step two, acquiring well data of the research area, and establishing a sand-ground ratio contour map and a sedimentary facies map of the research area according to sand-mud ratio data of the well data of the research area.
In this embodiment, the well data is derived from pre-acquired subsurface data for the area of interest. The well data of the research area comprises sand shale phase data divided by underground well points of the research area. Thinning well data in the longitudinal direction, counting well point sand-mud ratio data, obtaining well point sand-mud ratio data and sand body thickness of a core well in a research area, and establishing a sand-land ratio contour map of the research area on the basis of a well map; FIG. 3 is a sand-to-ground contour plot created from well point sand-to-mud ratio data for a cored well in accordance with the present invention.
And further, according to the well point sand-mud ratio data of the cored well, on the basis of the single well sedimentary facies histogram, the contour map and the small-layer logging facies type, a sedimentary facies map of a research area is sketched. FIG. 4 is a sedimentary facies plot based on well point sand to mud ratio data for a cored well in accordance with the present invention.
And step three, identifying and determining the river channel boundary by taking the sedimentary facies map as a constraint.
Specifically, fig. 4 is a sedimentary facies map created according to well point sand-mud ratio data of a cored well according to the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the present invention identifies and determines a riverway boundary of a study area according to the sedimentary facies map.
And FIG. 5 is a sand mud development probability trend surface established based on a sedimentary facies diagram, wherein facies codes are respectively set for sandstone and mudstone facies of a riverway in a research area according to the sedimentary facies diagram, the mudstone facies code is set to be 0, the sandstone facies code is set to be 1, and a sand body probability trend surface based on the sedimentary facies diagram is established. Specifically, based on a sedimentary facies diagram, the probability of developing sandstone and the probability of developing mudstone which are set inside the river channel boundary are respectively 100% and 0%; the probability of developing sandstone is 0% and the probability of developing mudstone is 100% in the rest non-riverway parts. FIG. 6 is a river sand model drawn based on the sand probability trend surface constraint river channel position. The lithologic development probability is used as a trend surface to constrain the river channel sand model, as shown in fig. 6, in the model section result, sand bodies are in abrupt contact at boundaries of mudstone and sandstone phases and are shown as vertical boundary lines on the section, the internal form of the reservoir sand bodies is difficult to characterize, and the reliability is poor.
And fourthly, setting the sand-shale development probability in the sand-land ratio distribution interval in the sand-land ratio contour map according to the sand-land ratio contour map and the river channel boundary to generate a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface.
In the implementation, according to the sand-ground ratio distribution interval in the sand-ground ratio contour map, different sand-shale development probabilities are set in different sand-ground ratio distribution intervals to generate a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface.
Specifically, fig. 7 is a principle of setting sandstone development probability among sand-ground ratio distribution zones based on a sand-ground ratio contour map. And dividing the sandstone sand ground ratio 0-1 into 4 different probability intervals according to the sand ground ratio distribution interval in the sand ground ratio contour map. Wherein, when the sand-ground ratio is 0, the probability of developing sandstone is set to be 0%; setting the probability of developing sandstone to be 10% when the sand-ground ratio is in the interval of 0-0.2; setting the probability of developing sandstone to be 50% when the sand-ground ratio is in the range of 0.2-0.25; combining the deposition law and geological knowledge, considering that the river channel and the cardiac beach facies are frequently raised after the sand-land ratio is more than 0.25. For this reason, when the sand ground ratio is in the interval of 0.25-1, the probability of developing sandstone is set to 80%.
The invention sets different sand shale development probabilities in different sand ground ratio distribution areas to generate a sand shale development probability gradient trend surface. FIG. 8 is a sand-to-ground ratio distribution interval setup sand shale development probability gradient trend surface based on a sand-to-ground ratio contour map. Referring to fig. 8, the research area is divided into 4 probability ranges of developing sandstone by using the sand-ground ratio distribution area, and the combination of the probability ranges is converted into a new probability gradient trend surface to constrain the sandstone gradual change development law at the sand body boundary of the river channel.
And fifthly, based on the river channel sand body training image and the data of the underground wells in the research area, constraining the position of the river channel by combining a gradient trend surface, and depicting a river channel sand body model by using a multipoint geostatistics modeling method.
In the embodiment, by setting different intervals corresponding to unequal sand body development probabilities in the gradient trend surface and combining with the underground well data loading training image, a multi-point geological statistics simulation is performed to establish a river channel sand body model, and a river channel section shape according with geological rules is obtained.
In particular, the river sand training image provided in fig. 2 is a three-dimensional image that is capable of quantitatively describing the actual reservoir structure, geologic body geometry, and distribution characteristics, but is not related to the subterranean well data within the study area. In order to establish the relationship between the training image and the geological model, a research area model needs to be simulated by using the underground well data in the research area, and fig. 9 is the underground well data of the research area provided by the invention. Fig. 10 is a river sand model drawn based on training images and well data and by combining gradient trend surface constraint river channel position according to the present invention. Based on the river channel sand body training image in fig. 2, the underground well data in fig. 9 and the sand shale development probability gradient trend surface in fig. 8 to constrain the position of the river channel, a multi-point geostatistical simulation method is adopted to establish a river channel sand body model, as shown in fig. 10, the problem of sand body profile mutation at the boundary is solved, and the real profile form of the river channel is met.
It can be understood that when modeling is performed through sedimentary facies or sand-ground ratio constraints in the traditional modeling method, sand bodies are in abrupt contact at boundaries of mudstone and sandstone facies and appear as vertical boundary lines on a profile, internal forms of the reservoir sand bodies are difficult to characterize, and reliability is poor. The river channel section morphology modeling method based on trend constraint provided by the embodiment of the invention establishes a gradient trend surface to constrain modeling through a reliable sedimentary facies or sand-to-ground ratio plan acquired in geological research, so that the problem of river channel boundary abrupt contact in a river channel sand body model is solved, the river channel section morphology is improved, and the river channel section morphology has geological morphology and conforms to geological knowledge. Accurately simulating the internal structure and spatial distribution of the river channel, establishing a more accurate reservoir model and accurately reflecting the real internal structure of the oil reservoir.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to relevant descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A river channel section morphology modeling method based on trend constraint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring river channel sand body parameters based on similar modern sediment research and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area, and establishing a river channel sand body training image;
step two, acquiring well data of a research area, and establishing a sand-ground ratio contour map and a sedimentary facies map of the research area according to sand-mud ratio data of the well data of the research area;
thirdly, identifying and determining the river channel boundary by taking the sedimentary facies map as a constraint;
step four, setting the sand-shale development probability in the sand-to-ground ratio distribution interval in the sand-to-ground ratio contour map according to the sand-to-ground ratio contour map and the river channel boundary to generate a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface;
and fifthly, based on the river channel sand body training image and the data of the underground well in the research area, restraining the position of the river channel by combining a gradient trend surface, and depicting a river channel sand body model by using a multipoint geostatistics modeling method.
2. The trend constraint-based river channel profile morphology modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, river channel sand body parameters are obtained based on similar modern sediment research and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area, and a river channel sand body training image is established, specifically comprising:
acquiring river channel sand body parameters based on similar modern sediment research and field outcrop research on a river channel in a research area;
and establishing a river channel sand body training image based on a target simulation method according to the river channel sand body parameters.
3. The river channel profile morphology modeling method based on trend constraint according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, a sand-to-ground ratio contour map and a sedimentary facies map of a research area are established according to the well data of the research area, and specifically comprises the following steps:
according to well data of a research area, well point sand-mud ratio data and sand body thickness of a core well of the research area are obtained, and a sand-ground ratio contour map of the research area is established;
and establishing a sedimentary facies map of a research area according to the well point sand-mud ratio data of the core well and the sand-ground ratio contour map range.
4. The trend constraint-based river channel profile morphology modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, according to the sand-ground ratio contour map and the river channel boundary, sand-shale development probability in a sand-ground ratio distribution interval in the sand-ground ratio contour map is set, and a sand-shale development probability gradient trend surface is generated, which specifically comprises:
and setting different sand mudstone development probabilities in different sand ground ratio distribution intervals according to the sand ground ratio distribution intervals in the sand ground ratio contour map to generate a sand mudstone development probability gradient trend surface.
5. The trend constraint-based river channel profile morphology modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, based on the river channel sand body training image and the data of the underground wells in the research area, the gradient trend surface is combined to constrain the position of the river channel, and a multipoint geostatistical modeling method is used to depict a river channel sand body model, which specifically comprises:
different intervals corresponding to different sand-shale development probabilities are set in the gradient trend surface, training images are loaded by combining underground well data, multi-point geological statistics simulation is carried out, a river channel sand body model is built, and a river channel section shape according with geological rules is obtained.
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