CN114965168A - Test instrument and method for evaluating physical hardening of asphalt - Google Patents
Test instrument and method for evaluating physical hardening of asphalt Download PDFInfo
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- CN114965168A CN114965168A CN202210561808.1A CN202210561808A CN114965168A CN 114965168 A CN114965168 A CN 114965168A CN 202210561808 A CN202210561808 A CN 202210561808A CN 114965168 A CN114965168 A CN 114965168A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/12—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring rising or falling speed of the body; by measuring penetration of wedged gauges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
A test instrument and a method for evaluating physical hardening of asphalt relate to the field of asphalt performance evaluation. The invention aims to solve the problems of high cost, long test period and complicated test operation of the existing asphalt physical hardening evaluation test instrument. Therefore, the invention designs a physical hardening evaluation test instrument with a standard cone, obtains the cone penetration change rate according to the cone penetration of the standard cone falling into the asphalt, and determines the physical hardening resistance of the asphalt according to the cone penetration change rate. The environment curing box is sleeved outside the transparent environment box, the whole structure of the temperature control sensor, the temperature control device, the small sample cup, the standard cone and the connecting rod is combined with the environment curing box, and the direct test is completed after the environment curing box is cured, so that the problems of high cost, long test period and complex test operation of a test instrument are solved. The invention is used for evaluating the physical hardening of the asphalt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of asphalt performance evaluation, in particular to a test instrument and a method for asphalt physical hardening evaluation.
Background
The asphalt can generate obvious hardening phenomenon under long-time low-temperature environment, the stress relaxation capability of the asphalt is reduced, and the anti-cracking capability of the asphalt is reduced, so that the designed asphalt pavement has more early cracking phenomena. The cracking of the asphalt pavement can not only reduce the service condition of the pavement, but also destroy the integrity of the pavement structure and shorten the service life of the pavement structure, thereby increasing the maintenance and repair cost. A road researcher establishes a series of low-temperature performance evaluation systems for asphalt and asphalt mixtures aiming at the problem of low-temperature cracking of asphalt pavements and provides corresponding technical indexes, but finds that the problem of low-temperature cracking of the asphalt pavements is not effectively solved after practical engineering application, because the low-temperature evaluation and research of the asphalt pavements only consider the low-temperature performance of the asphalt and the asphalt mixtures under constant temperature and short-time low-temperature maintenance, and does not consider the characteristic that the asphalt gradually hardens and becomes brittle under the condition that the asphalt pavements are at low temperature for a long time, and the characteristic is called physical hardening.
At present, the evaluation of the physical hardening of the asphalt mainly adopts a method of obtaining low-temperature grade loss by an expansion bending beam rheological test, and the rheological characteristic parameters of the asphalt obtained by the existing instrument need to be maintained for 1h, 24h and 72h at different temperatures, so that the evaluation test period is longer. When the performance of the low-temperature asphalt is tested by using the conventional test instrument, the asphalt needs to be placed in the low-temperature maintenance box and then moved into the conventional test instrument, so that the test operation steps are complicated; in addition, the conventional rheological test instrument for the expanded bending beam is high in cost. Therefore, the existing asphalt physical hardening test instrument and test method also have the problems of complex operation, long test period and high manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost, long test period and complicated test operation of the conventional asphalt physical hardening evaluation test instrument, and provides a test instrument and a method for asphalt physical hardening evaluation.
A test apparatus for evaluating physical hardening of asphalt comprises: the device comprises a base, a temperature controller, a time controller, a display screen, a transparent environment box, a connecting rod, a standard cone, a small sample cup and a control console;
a control console is arranged on the base, and a control button and a contact indicator lamp are arranged on the side surface of the control console; a sensor of a temperature controller and a temperature control device are arranged on the console, and a small sample cup is placed on the upper surfaces of the sensor of the temperature controller and the temperature control device; a standard cone is arranged vertically above the small sample cup; the cone direction of the standard cone vertically faces downwards to the cup mouth of the small sample cup; the circular plane of the standard cone is magnetically connected with the plane at one end of the connecting rod; the other end plane of the connecting rod is connected with the lower surface of the display screen; the display screen is connected with the console through a back plate, and a control panel with a time controller and a temperature controller is arranged on the back plate; the control panel of the temperature controller is connected with the temperature control device through a wire and a temperature control sensor; the transparent environment box is a hollow transparent box body, and the temperature control sensor and the integral structure of the temperature control device, the small sample cup, the standard cone and the connecting rod are arranged in the transparent environment box.
The asphalt physical hardening evaluation method is realized based on a test instrument for asphalt physical hardening evaluation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, heating asphalt to be evaluated to a molten state, pouring the asphalt in the molten state into a small sample cup, and cooling at room temperature to obtain cooled asphalt to be evaluated;
step two, placing the small sample cup with the cooled asphalt to be evaluated in an asphalt physical hardening evaluation instrument, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the temperature and maintaining for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with a standard cone, turning on an indicator light after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button to enable a standard cone body to fall into the small sample cup filled with the asphalt, pressing a measuring button to measure cone penetration, and displaying cone penetration C on a display screen 0 ；
Step three, adjusting the temperature to the target temperature of-6 ℃, controlling the target temperature for curing for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with the standard cone, enabling an indicator light to be turned on after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button to enable the standard cone to freely fall into the small sample cup filled with asphalt, pressing a measuring button to measure the cone penetration, and displaying the cone penetration C on a display screen t ；
Step four, the display screen obtains data C according to the step two and the step three 0 And C t Obtaining the cone penetration change rate, wherein the asphalt with the minimum cone penetration change rate is the physical hardening resistanceThe best bitumen species.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for evaluating the physical hardening resistance of asphalt by taking the cone penetration change rate as an evaluation standard of the physical hardening resistance of asphalt, designs a test instrument with a standard cone, evaluates the physical hardening resistance of asphalt by utilizing the cone penetration change rate, and can accurately evaluate the physical hardening resistance of asphalt only by curing under normal temperature and low temperature for 1 hour, thereby shortening the test period. Meanwhile, the low-temperature curing box is combined with the test instrument, so that the instrument does not need to be replaced in the test process, and the test operation steps are reduced. In addition, the instrument provided by the invention has low manufacturing cost, and the test cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main body view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of 1h cone penetration rate versus low temperature grade loss;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cone penetration change rate of 1h of curing at a target temperature of-6 ℃.
Detailed Description
The first specific implementation way is as follows: this embodiment is a test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt, including: the device comprises a base 1, a temperature controller 3, a time controller 4, a display screen 5, a transparent environment box 6, a connecting rod 7, a standard cone 8, a sample cup 9 and a console 10;
the base 1 is a rectangular platform, a control console 10 is arranged on the base 1, and a control button and a contact indicator lamp are arranged on the side surface of the control console 10; a sensor and a temperature control device of the temperature controller 3 are arranged on the console 10, and a small sample cup 9 is placed on the upper surfaces of the sensor and the temperature control device of the temperature controller 3; a standard cone 8 is arranged vertically above the small sample cup 9; the cone direction of the standard cone 8 is vertically downward towards the cup mouth of the small sample cup 9; the connecting rod 7 is a cylindrical connecting rod; the circular plane of the standard cone 8 is magnetically connected with the circular plane at one end of the connecting rod 7; the circular plane at the other end of the connecting rod 7 is connected with the lower surface of the display screen 5; the display screen 5 is connected with the console 10 through a backboard, and a control panel with a time controller 4 and a temperature controller 3 is arranged on the backboard; the control panel of the temperature controller 3 is connected with the sensor of the temperature controller 3 and the temperature control device through wires; the transparent environment box 6 is a hollow transparent matrix box body, and the sensor of the temperature control 3, the temperature control device, the sample cup 9, the standard cone 8 and the connecting rod 7 are integrally arranged in the transparent environment box 6, as shown in figures 1-2.
The second embodiment is as follows: the control button includes: a zero resetting button, a switch button and a measuring button;
the switch button is used for releasing the standard cone 8, disconnecting the standard cone 8 from the connecting rod 7 and inserting the standard cone into asphalt;
the zero resetting button is used for adsorbing a standard cone 8 in the asphalt to a plane at one end of the connecting rod 7, and the display screen is reset at the moment;
the measuring button is used for measuring the depth of the standard cone inserted into the asphalt, namely the cone penetration.
The above data transmission can be realized by the existing central controller.
The third concrete implementation mode: the display screen 5 is used for calculating and displaying the cone penetration of the standard cone and the cone penetration change rate in the transparent environment box by utilizing the cone penetration; the cone penetration change rate is obtained by the following formula:
wherein, C t Is the penetration degree of the asphalt cured for 1h at the temperature of-6 ℃, C 0 The penetration degree of the asphalt is 1h of curing at room temperature.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the back plate also comprises a power plug 2.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the asphalt physical hardening evaluation method is realized based on an asphalt physical hardening evaluation instrument, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, heating the asphalt to be evaluated to a molten state (matrix asphalt 130 ℃ and modified asphalt 150 ℃), pouring the molten asphalt into a small sample cup, and cooling at room temperature to obtain cooled asphalt to be evaluated;
step two, placing the small sample cup with the cooled asphalt to be evaluated in an asphalt physical hardening evaluation instrument, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the temperature and maintaining for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with a standard cone, lighting an indicator light after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button after the time is set on a time controller to enable a standard cone body to fall into the small sample cup filled with the asphalt, pressing a measuring button to measure the cone penetration within a fixed time, and displaying the cone penetration C on a display screen 0 ；
Adjusting the temperature to-6 ℃, controlling the target temperature and maintaining for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with the standard cone, lighting an indicator lamp after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button to enable the standard cone to fall into the small sample cup filled with asphalt after the time is set on a time controller, pressing a measuring button to measure the cone penetration, and displaying the cone penetration C within a fixed time on a display screen t ；
Step four, the display screen obtains data C according to the step two and the step three 0 And C t The cone penetration change rate is obtained, and the smaller the cone penetration change rate is, the better the physical hardening performance of the asphalt is proved to be.
Tests and analysis show that the asphalt test piece is maintained at 25 ℃ for 1h, then maintained at-6 ℃ for 1h, the physical hardening condition obtained by utilizing the cone penetration change rate of the fixed time (5s) is consistent with the physical hardening condition obtained by using an extended bending beam rheological test instrument, the asphalt test piece only needs 2h, the existing instruments need 1, 24 and 72h, different maintenance and test temperatures need to be set for the existing instruments, the low-temperature environment temperature is fixed at-6 ℃ by using the instrument designed by the invention, and the test time is saved while the achieved effect is consistent with the effect of the existing instruments.
The embodiment is as follows: the low-temperature grade losses of the conventional A, B, C, D, E asphalts measured by the extensional bending beam rheological test are respectively 1.8, 3.9, 2.0, 1.7 and 3.1, and therefore the test is carried out by the evaluation method described in the specific embodiment mode, and the following results are obtained:
as shown in the figure 3-4, the curing time of the five asphalts is 1h, and the cone penetration change rates of the five asphalts at the curing temperature of-6 ℃ are 0.68519, 0.78261, 0.69444, 0.66667 and 0.73684 respectively; due to V c The smaller the material, the better the physical hardening resistance, and thus the asphalt D is more excellent in the physical hardening resistance than other asphalts. In conclusion, asphalt D is recommended to be selected to construct asphalt pavement in cold regions so as to reduce low-temperature cracking of asphalt.
Claims (8)
1. A test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt is characterized in that: the apparatus comprises: the device comprises a base (1), a temperature controller (3), a time controller (4), a display screen (5), a transparent environment box (6), a connecting rod (7), a standard cone (8), a sample cup (9) and a console (10);
a control console (10) is arranged on the base (1), and a control button and a contact indicator lamp are arranged on the side surface of the control console (10); a sensor and a temperature control device of the temperature controller (3) are arranged on the console (10), and the small sample cup (9) is placed on the upper surfaces of the sensor and the temperature control device of the temperature controller (3); a standard cone (8) is arranged vertically above the small sample cup (9); the cone direction of the standard cone (8) vertically faces downwards to the cup mouth of the small sample cup (9); the plane of the standard cone (8) is magnetically connected with the plane at one end of the connecting rod (7); the other end plane of the connecting rod (7) is connected with the lower surface of the display screen (5); the display screen (5) is connected with the console (10) through a backboard, and a control panel with a time controller (4) and a temperature controller (3) is arranged on the backboard; a control panel of the temperature controller (3) is connected with a sensor of the temperature controller (3) and a temperature control device through an electric wire; the transparent environment box (6) is a hollow transparent box body, and the sensor of the temperature control (3) and the integral structure of the temperature control device, the small sample cup (9), the standard cone (8) and the connecting rod (7) are arranged in the transparent environment box (6).
2. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 1, wherein: the base (1) is a rectangular platform.
3. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting rod (7) is a cylindrical connecting rod.
4. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 1, wherein: the transparent environment box (6) is a transparent rectangular box body.
5. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 1, wherein: the back plate is also provided with a power plug (2).
6. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 1, wherein: the control button includes: a zero reset button, a switch button and a measuring button.
7. The test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt according to claim 6 or 1, wherein: the cone penetration and the cone penetration change rate of the standard cone are displayed on the display screen (5);
the cone penetration change rate is obtained by the following method:
wherein, C t Is the penetration degree of the asphalt cured for 1h at the temperature of-6 ℃, C 0 The penetration degree of the asphalt is 1h of maintenance at 25 ℃.
8. A method for evaluating the physical hardening of asphalt is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is realized based on a test instrument for evaluating the physical hardening of the asphalt, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, heating asphalt to be evaluated to a molten state, pouring the asphalt in the molten state into a small sample cup, and cooling at room temperature to obtain cooled asphalt to be evaluated;
step twoPlacing the small sample cup with the cooled asphalt to be evaluated in an asphalt physical hardening evaluation instrument, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the temperature and maintaining for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with a standard cone, lighting an indicator lamp after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button after the time controller is set for time to enable a standard cone body to fall into the small sample cup filled with the asphalt, pressing a measuring button to measure the cone penetration within a fixed time, and displaying the cone penetration C on a display screen 0 ；
Adjusting the temperature to-6 ℃, controlling the target temperature and maintaining for 1h, adjusting the height of the small sample cup to be in contact with the standard cone, lighting an indicator lamp after the asphalt sample to be evaluated is in contact with the standard cone, pressing a switch button to enable the standard cone to fall into the small sample cup filled with asphalt after the time is set on a time controller, pressing a measuring button to measure the cone penetration within a fixed time, and displaying the cone penetration C on a display screen t ；
Step four, the display screen obtains data C according to the step two and the step three 0 And C t And obtaining the cone penetration change rate, wherein the asphalt with the minimum cone penetration change rate is the asphalt with the best physical hardening resistance.
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