CN114965081A - Visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock - Google Patents
Visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN114965081A CN114965081A CN202210781249.5A CN202210781249A CN114965081A CN 114965081 A CN114965081 A CN 114965081A CN 202210781249 A CN202210781249 A CN 202210781249A CN 114965081 A CN114965081 A CN 114965081A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual true triaxial experimental device for surrounding rocks of a high-level stress roadway, which consists of an X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing system, a transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate, an axial excavation force transfer plate, a data monitoring side force transfer plate, a high-strength reaction frame and a surrounding rock data change monitoring system, wherein the X-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing system provides axial high stress for the surrounding rocks, the Y-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing system provides lateral high stress for the surrounding rocks, the Z-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing system provides vertical gravity for the surrounding rocks, and the force provided by the X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing system can be separately controlled in a grading manner so as to research the surrounding rock damage characteristics of the high-level stress roadway under different lateral pressure coefficients. The device has the characteristics of visualization, expandability and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a visual true triaxial experimental device for surrounding rock of a high-level stress roadway.
Background
The stress is correspondingly increased along with the increase of the depth of the roadway, and meanwhile, the structure, the mechanical property and the engineering response of the roadway surrounding rock have new characteristics under the high-stress condition. Therefore, the research on the relationship between the high-level stress roadway and different lateral pressure coefficients has important practical significance and theoretical significance. The laboratory model test is an important means for researching the field of large geotechnical engineering, and along with the gradual development of similar theories, the model test in the field of underground engineering is changed from a two-dimensional mode to a three-dimensional mode. The two-dimensional plane model test system can only apply uniform load to the upper, lower, left and right boundaries of a model, but cannot perform tunnel-direction high ground stress model test, and the experimental device is not flexible enough and has less functions, while a large-scale three-dimensional experimental device is often closed, so that the experimental phenomenon in the device is difficult to analyze. Therefore, aiming at the defects of the existing model test device, the visual true triaxial test device for the surrounding rock of the high-level stress roadway is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems of the conventional three-dimensional roadway model test device, the invention provides a visual true triaxial test device for high-level stress roadway surrounding rock, which has the characteristics of visualization, expandability, high efficiency and the like and can well solve the defects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: by X, Y, Z three-way electricity liquid pressurization system, transparent country rock observation biography power board, the axial excavation biography power board, data monitoring side biography power board, the visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock is constituteed to high strength reaction frame and country rock data change monitoring system, wherein, X provides the axial high stress to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, Y provides the side direction high stress to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, Z provides perpendicular gravity to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, and the power that X, Y, Z three-way electricity liquid pressurization system provided can hierarchical control alone, with high level stress tunnel country rock destruction characteristic under the different side pressure coefficients of research.
Further, the X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurization system consists of a single electro-hydraulic pressurization component.
Specifically, the single electro-hydraulic pressurizing part is composed of a hydraulic upright post, a metal quick connector, a long-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose, a hydraulic oil flow divider, a pressure gauge, a short-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose and an electromagnetic valve hydraulic pump.
Specifically, the X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurization system comprises 8 electro-hydraulic pressurization components respectively, and divide 8 electro-hydraulic pressurization components into 2 groups, and 4 of each group are installed on the high-strength reaction frame.
Furthermore, the high-strength reaction frame is a frame consisting of 4 upright posts and 8 cross posts.
Specifically, 4 stand columns and 8 transverse columns are assembled in a welding and screw double-fixing mode, and in order to enable the stand columns to be firmer, a triangular structure is additionally arranged at the connecting position.
Specifically, X, Y, Z three-way beam bases are arranged in the reaction frame.
Specifically, a reaction rod is arranged on the base, a U-shaped clamping groove is formed in the end portion of the reaction rod, and a tensioning screw is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped clamping groove and used for fixing a single electro-hydraulic pressurizing component.
Furthermore, the main material of the transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate is a high-strength organic acrylic plate, and four corners of the transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate are provided with stress parts of hydraulic columns in the electro-hydraulic pressurizing parts.
Specifically, the stressed member needs to be tightly attached to the end of the hydraulic column.
Further, the axial excavation dowel steel is the same with data monitoring side dowel steel material, all is high strength steel.
Specifically, a roadway excavation opening, an excavation opening pressurizing cylinder and a cross connecting rod are arranged in the middle of the axial excavation dowel plate.
Specifically, before the tunnel excavation, the excavation mouth pressurization cylinder is fixed in the tunnel excavation mouth in the middle of the axial excavation dowel plate with the cross connecting rod.
Specifically, when the roadway is excavated, the cross connecting rod is dismounted, and the excavation hole pressurizing cylinder in the roadway excavation hole in the middle of the axial excavation dowel plate is taken out.
Specifically, the data monitoring side dowel plate reserves an opening of a data connection line in advance, and the data line is mainly connected with a pressure box buried around a roadway.
Furthermore, the visual function of the transparent surrounding rock observation force transmission plate and the internal stress data line of the reserved hole opening of the data monitoring side force transmission plate can be matched with a surrounding rock data change monitoring system to analyze the surrounding rock damage characteristics of the high-level stress roadway under different side pressure coefficients.
Specifically, the monitoring system mainly analyzes the displacement of the surface of the roadway and the stress change in the unloading process of the roadway excavation.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the problems that the migration of the surrounding rock in the roadway after excavation cannot be visually analyzed, a large amount of auxiliary equipment is needed to be matched and the like during the experiment of the roadway device can be effectively solved, the high-efficiency use of the visual true triaxial experiment device for the surrounding rock of the roadway with high level stress is realized, and powerful guarantee is provided for solving reliable and stable visual measurement data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for high-level stress roadway surrounding rock.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of connection between a hydraulic column and a beam base of the visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for surrounding rock of a high-level stress roadway.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate and a stressed part of the visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for surrounding rock of a high-level stress roadway.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pressure cylinder of the through excavation port and the cross connecting rod of the visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for the surrounding rock of the high-level stress roadway.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the visualized true triaxial experimental apparatus for the surrounding rock of the high-level stress roadway.
In the figure, 1, an X-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system, 2, a Y-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system, 3, a Z-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system, 4, a transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate, 5, an axial excavation force transfer plate, 6, a data monitoring side force transfer plate, 7, a high-strength reaction frame, 8, a surrounding rock data change monitoring system, 9, a hydraulic upright post, 10, a metal quick joint, 11, a long-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose, 12, a hydraulic oil flow divider, 13, a pressure gauge, 14, a short-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose, 15, an electromagnetic valve hydraulic pump, 16, a cross beam base, 17, a triangular structure, 18, a reaction rod, 19, a U-shaped clamping groove, 20, a tensioning screw, 21, a stress part, 22, an excavation opening pressurizing cylinder, 23, a cross connecting rod and 24 are respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The laboratory test apparatus of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1 to 5. It can be seen from the figure that the hydraulic upright posts 9 in the X-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system 1, the Y-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system 2 and the Z-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system are respectively fixed on the counter-force rod 18 by the U-shaped clamping groove 19 and the tensioning screw 20, the counter-force rod 18 is assembled on the beam base 16 by a welding method, the beam base 16 is fixed on the high-strength counter-force frame 7, the transparent surrounding rock observation force transmission plate 4, the axial excavation force transmission plate 5 and the data monitoring side force transmission plate 6 are tightly attached to the end part of the hydraulic upright post 9, the long-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose 11, the hydraulic oil flow divider 12, the short-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose 14 and the electromagnetic valve hydraulic pump 15 are sequentially connected by the metal quick connector 10, the pressure gauge 13 is arranged between the hydraulic upright post 9 and the long-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose 11, the stress component 21 is matched with the transparent surrounding rock observation force transmission plate 4 to observe the pressure, the excavation port pressurizing cylinder 22 is matched with the cross connecting rod 23 to axially excavate the force transmission plate 5, and a data wire of the pressure box 24 is buried in surrounding rock through a reserved opening of the data monitoring side force transmission plate 6 to monitor stress change in the process of roadway excavation unloading.
Based on the miniaturized roadway excavation direction variable axial force applying device for simulating confining pressure, the test method provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the model test material is uniformly filled into a confining pressure box consisting of an open country rock observation force transfer plate 4, an axial excavation force transfer plate 5 and a data monitoring side force transfer plate 6, and a pressure box 24 is buried in the middle of the model and is compacted.
(2) Firstly, the Z-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system is controlled to apply vertical gravity to the model, then the X-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system is controlled to apply axial high stress to the model, finally the Y-direction electro-hydraulic pressurizing system applies lateral high stress to the model, and the data acquired by the pressure box 24 are analyzed by the surrounding rock data change monitoring system 8 in the period.
(3) And opening an excavation opening pressurizing cylinder 22 and a cross connecting rod 23 on the axial excavation dowel plate 5, excavating the roadway, and analyzing the surrounding rock damage characteristics of the roadway with high horizontal stress under different side pressure coefficients by using the transparent surrounding rock observation dowel plate.
(4) During the excavation of the roadway, the pressure box 24 is utilized to collect the stress data change during the excavation of the roadway.
(5) And after the roadway is completely damaged, the X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurization system returns to the initial position, and the experiment is finished.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock which characterized in that: by X, Y, Z three-way electricity liquid pressurization system, transparent country rock observation biography power board, the axial excavation biography power board, data monitoring side biography power board, the visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock is constituteed to high strength reaction frame and country rock data change monitoring system, wherein, X provides the axial high stress to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, Y provides the side direction high stress to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, Z provides perpendicular gravity to the country rock to electricity liquid pressurization system, and the power that X, Y, Z three-way electricity liquid pressurization system provided can hierarchical control alone, with high level stress tunnel country rock destruction characteristic under the different side pressure coefficients of research.
2. The visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for the high-level stress roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein a single electro-hydraulic pressurizing component in the electro-hydraulic pressurizing system is specifically composed of a hydraulic upright, a metal quick connector, a long-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose, a hydraulic oil flow divider, a pressure gauge, a short-distance hydraulic oil conveying hose and an electromagnetic valve hydraulic pump, and X, Y, Z three-way electro-hydraulic pressurizing systems are respectively composed of 8 electro-hydraulic pressurizing components, and the 8 electro-hydraulic pressurizing components are divided into 2 groups, and 4 of each group are installed on a high-strength reaction frame.
3. The visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock of claim 1, characterized in that, high strength reaction frame comprises 4 stands and 8 crossbeams, utilizes the mode of welding and screw pair fixed, assembles it, for making it more firm, increases the triangle-shaped structure at the junction, reaction frame inside sets up X, Y, Z three-dimensional crossbeam base, sets up the reaction pole on the base, the tip of reaction pole sets up U type draw-in groove, sets up the tensioning screw in the middle of the U type draw-in groove for single electric liquid pressurization part is fixed.
4. The visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for the high-level stress roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein the transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate is mainly made of a high-strength organic acrylic plate, four corners of the transparent surrounding rock observation force transfer plate are provided with stress components of hydraulic columns in the electro-hydraulic pressurizing components, and the stress components are tightly attached to ends of the hydraulic columns.
5. The visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock of claim 1, characterized in that, axial excavation dowel steel and data monitoring side dowel steel are the same in material, all are high strength steel, wherein set up the tunnel excavation mouth in the middle of the axial excavation dowel steel, excavation mouth pressurization cylinder and cross connecting rod, before the tunnel excavation, excavation mouth pressurization cylinder is fixed in the tunnel excavation mouth in the middle of the axial excavation dowel steel with the cross connecting rod, when the tunnel excavation, lift off the cross connecting rod and take out the excavation mouth pressurization cylinder in the tunnel excavation mouth in the middle of the axial excavation dowel steel, wherein, the data monitoring side dowel steel reserves the entrance to a cave of accessible data connecting wire in advance, this data wire mainly connects the pressure box of burying underground around the tunnel.
6. The visual true triaxial experimental apparatus for surrounding rock of high-level stress roadway of claim 1, characterized in that the visual function of the transparent surrounding rock observation force transmission plate and the internal stress data line of the reserved hole opening through the data monitoring side force transmission plate can be matched with a surrounding rock data change monitoring system to analyze the surrounding rock damage characteristics of the high-level stress roadway under different side pressure coefficients, and the monitoring system mainly analyzes roadway surface displacement and stress change in the roadway excavation unloading process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210781249.5A CN114965081A (en) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | Visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock |
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| CN202210781249.5A CN114965081A (en) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | Visual true triaxial experimental apparatus of high level stress tunnel country rock |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115656220A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Real-time microwave rock breaking test device and method under true triaxial stress condition |
| CN117074168A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-11-17 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Surrounding rock deformation experimental device and method for horizontal and vertical linkage mechanics simulation |
-
2022
- 2022-07-04 CN CN202210781249.5A patent/CN114965081A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115656220A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Real-time microwave rock breaking test device and method under true triaxial stress condition |
| CN117074168A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-11-17 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Surrounding rock deformation experimental device and method for horizontal and vertical linkage mechanics simulation |
| CN117074168B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Surrounding rock deformation experimental device and method for horizontal and vertical linkage mechanics simulation |
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