CN114965007A - Crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114965007A CN114965007A CN202210912911.6A CN202210912911A CN114965007A CN 114965007 A CN114965007 A CN 114965007A CN 202210912911 A CN202210912911 A CN 202210912911A CN 114965007 A CN114965007 A CN 114965007A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crack tip measurement, in particular to a crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method, which comprises the following steps: and the stress applying piece is used for applying stress to the crack test piece. And the fusion optical fiber group is used for being fixed on the crack test piece and enabling the crack extension direction of the crack test piece to pass through the fusion joint of the fusion optical fibers. And the optical signal generating piece is connected with the signal input end of the fusion optical fiber group and is used for generating an optical signal. And the light rate meter group is connected with the signal output end of the fusion spliced optical fiber group and is used for monitoring the light signal power transmitted by each fusion spliced optical fiber in the fusion spliced optical fiber group. The demodulation display is connected with the photometer group and used for displaying the optical signal power monitored by the photometer group and judging whether the correspondingly connected fusion optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so that the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends is judged, the length of the crack tip plastic zone is further determined, the process is simple, and the monitoring precision is high due to the fact that the optical signal has high sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crack tip measurement, in particular to a crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method.
Background
Most metallic materials, near the crack tip, necessarily form a plastic zone due to stress concentrations. The crack tip plastic zone refers to the area where a plastic deformation occurs at the crack tip after the crack body is stressed. The engineering material has the possibility of plastic zone at the crack tip only by slight plastic deformation. The presence of a plastic zone will alleviate stress concentration at the crack tip. When the plastic deformation capacity of the material is larger and the stress is larger, the plastic area of the crack tip is larger, and the crack tip is easier to purify. The material in the plastic zone at the crack tip can undergo a large strain and behave more like a "crack". In linear elastic fracture mechanics and elastoplastic fracture mechanics, the "effective crack length", i.e. the length of the plastic zone at the crack tip, can generally be considered to correct the fracture parameters.
In practice, for the length of the plastic zone at the crack tip
General available formulas
And (6) calculating. For cyclic yield strength
It can be calculated from the loading force, but for different operating conditions, the stress intensity factor
In contrast, therefore, to determine the length of the crack tip plastic region under a specific condition corresponding to the actual application environment and scenario, it is necessary to determine the stress intensity factor under the specific condition
。
Stress intensity factor of tested material under specific working condition
And generally needs to be determined by experiments. In the experiment process, in order to obtain the coefficient under the specific working condition
The length of the plastic zone at the crack tip needs to be monitored under this specific condition
And cyclic yield strength
To establish
And
to obtain the coefficient under the working condition
. Cyclic yield strength for this particular operating condition
Calculated from the loading force, but the length of the crack tip plastic zone
It is generally difficult to perform more accurate monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a crack tip plastic region monitoring apparatus and method capable of more accurately monitoring the length of the crack tip plastic region in view of the above technical problems.
A crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device, comprising:
the stress applying piece is used for applying stress to the crack test piece;
the fusion spliced optical fiber group is fixed on the crack test piece, and the crack extension direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion splice of the fusion spliced optical fibers;
the optical signal generating piece is connected with the signal input end of the fusion optical fiber group and used for generating an optical signal;
the photometric meter group is connected with the signal output end of the fusion spliced optical fiber group and is used for monitoring the optical signal power transmitted by each fusion spliced optical fiber in the fusion spliced optical fiber group;
and the demodulation display is connected with the photometer group and used for displaying the optical signal power monitored by the photometer group and judging whether the correspondingly connected fusion optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power so as to judge the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends and reaches and further determine the length of the crack tip plastic zone.
Further, the stress applying piece is a creep testing machine, and the creep testing machine is clamped at two ends of the crack test piece.
Furthermore, the fusion spliced optical fibers in the fusion spliced optical fiber group are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the crack extension direction of the crack test piece.
Furthermore, the welding optical fibers in the welding optical fiber group are paired pairwise, and the crack centers of each pair of welding optical fibers are symmetrical relative to the crack test piece.
Further, the distances between the fusion spliced optical fibers on the same side of the crack test piece are equal.
Furthermore, the fusion spliced optical fibers in the fusion spliced optical fiber group are correspondingly connected with the light rate meters in the light rate meter group one by one.
Further, the optical signal generating component is a broadband light source.
A crack tip plastic zone detection method is achieved through the crack tip plastic zone monitoring device in any one of the above aspects, and the method comprises the following steps:
fixing a fusion spliced optical fiber group on a crack test piece, and enabling the crack extension direction of the crack test piece to pass through the fusion splice of fusion spliced optical fibers;
loading a stress applying member on the crack test piece;
starting the optical signal generating element, and transmitting the optical signal to the light ratio meter group through each fusion optical fiber in the fusion optical fiber group;
the optical rate meter group monitors the optical signal power passing through each fusion optical fiber;
and the demodulation display displays the optical signal power, and judges whether the correspondingly connected fusion-spliced optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so as to judge the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends and reaches and further determine the length of the crack tip plastic zone.
Further, the fusion spliced optical fiber set is fixed on a crack test piece, so that the crack extension direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion splice of the fusion spliced optical fibers, and the method comprises the following steps:
the fusion spliced optical fibers in the fusion spliced optical fiber group are arranged in parallel and are perpendicular to the crack extension direction of the crack test piece;
and arranging the fusion spliced optical fibers in pairs, wherein each pair of fusion spliced optical fibers is symmetrical about the crack center of the crack test piece.
Further, the fusion spliced optical fiber group is fixed on the crack test piece, so that the crack extending direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion splice of the fusion spliced optical fibers, and the method further comprises the following steps:
and setting the distance between the fusion spliced optical fibers positioned on the same side of the crack test piece as the same distance.
According to the device and the method for monitoring the plastic zone at the tip of the crack, in the experimental process, the stress is applied to the crack test piece through the stress applying piece, the fusion spliced optical fiber group is fixed on the crack test piece, the crack extending direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion joint of the fusion spliced optical fibers, and the fusion spliced optical fiber group can monitor the crack extending degree conveniently. The input of fusion spliced fiber group is connected with light signal generation piece, and the light signal that light signal generation piece launched can be in the transmission of fusion spliced fiber group inside, and the output and the light rate meter group of fusion spliced fiber group are connected in addition, therefore the light signal of fusion spliced fiber group output can be received to the light rate meter group, because light signal has higher sensitivity, the light signal power of every fusion spliced fiber transmission in the monitoring fusion spliced fiber group that the light rate meter group can be comparatively accurate. The photometer group is connected with a demodulation display, can display the optical signal power monitored by the photometer group, and judges whether the correspondingly connected fusion optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so that the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends is judged, and the length of the crack tip plastic zone is further obtained. The monitoring process is simple, and the monitoring precision is higher due to the higher sensitivity of the optical signal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic arrangement diagram of optical fibers in a crack region of the crack tip plastic region monitoring apparatus in this embodiment;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a crack tip plastic zone monitoring method in the present application.
In the figure: 100. a broadband light source; 200. welding the optical fiber group; 210. a first fusion-spliced optical fiber; 220. a second fusion-spliced optical fiber; 230. a third fusion-spliced optical fiber; 240. welding optical fibers; 250. a fifth fusion optical fiber; 260. a sixth fusion spliced optical fiber; 300. a light rate meter group; 310. a first photometer; 320. a second photometer; 330. a third photometer; 340. a fourth photometer; 350. a fifth photometer; 360. a sixth photometer; 400. a crack test piece; 500. a creep testing machine; 600. and (5) demodulating the display.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in one embodiment, a crack tip plastic zone monitoring device includes a broadband light source 100, a fused fiber set 200, a photometer set 300, a creep tester 500, and a demodulation display 600. The fusion-spliced optical fiber group 200 includes a first fusion-spliced optical fiber 210, a second fusion-spliced optical fiber 220, a third fusion-spliced optical fiber 230, a fourth fusion-spliced optical fiber 240, a fifth fusion-spliced optical fiber 250, and a sixth fusion-spliced optical fiber 260, and the light ratio meter group 300 includes a first light ratio meter 310, a second light ratio meter 320, a third light ratio meter 330, a fourth light ratio meter 340, a fifth light ratio meter 350, and a sixth light ratio meter 360.
In the present embodiment, the crack specimen 400 is loaded on the creep testing machine 500, and the crack specimen 400 has a crack to be measured. In the test process, the first fusion spliced optical fiber 210, the second fusion spliced optical fiber 220, the third fusion spliced optical fiber 230, the fourth fusion spliced optical fiber 240, the fifth fusion spliced optical fiber 250 and the sixth fusion spliced optical fiber 260 are perpendicular to the crack extension direction of the crack test piece 400 and are arranged on two sides of the crack, so that the fusion splicing position is approximately in the crack extension direction, then the optical fibers on two sides of the fusion splicing position are adhered to the crack test piece 400 by using glue, and the optical fibers are in a tensioned state when being adhered. The fusion spliced fibers in the fusion spliced fiber group 200 are pairwise, each pair of fusion spliced fibers is symmetrical about the center of the crack to be detected, and the distances between the fusion spliced fibers positioned on the same side of the crack to be detected are equal.
In the present embodiment, the fibers on the same side of the first fusion spliced fiber 210, the second fusion spliced fiber 220, the third fusion spliced fiber 230, the fourth fusion spliced fiber 240, the fifth fusion spliced fiber 250, and the sixth fusion spliced fiber 260 are connected to the broadband light source 100, so that the broadband light source 100 emits optical signals to the fusion spliced fiber set 200 for transmission.
In the present embodiment, the other sides of the first fusion spliced fiber 210, the second fusion spliced fiber 220, the third fusion spliced fiber 230, the fourth fusion spliced fiber 240, the fifth fusion spliced fiber 250 and the sixth fusion spliced fiber 260 are respectively connected with the first light rate meter 310, the second light rate meter 320, the third light rate meter 330, the fourth light rate meter 340, the fifth light rate meter 350 and the sixth light rate meter 360 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the light rate meter group 300 performs one-to-one monitoring on the fusion spliced fiber group 200.
In this embodiment, the photometer group 300 is connected to the demodulation display 600, and when monitoring, the broadband light source 100 is turned on, and the reading of the photometer group 300 is displayed on the demodulation display 600. In the strain monitoring process of the bare fiber group, if the crack extends to the area where the bare fiber is located, the bare fiber is strained and even broken, the number of the photometer group 300 is changed, the change is displayed by the demodulation display 600, the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends is judged, and the length of the crack tip plastic zone is further determined.
As shown in fig. 3, a crack tip plastic zone monitoring method includes the following steps:
step S810: and fixing the fusion spliced optical fiber group on the crack test piece, so that the crack extension direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion splice of the fusion spliced optical fibers.
Specifically, the light rate meter group comprises a plurality of light rate meters, and the fusion spliced fiber group comprises a plurality of fusion spliced fibers, and the fusion spliced fibers parallel arrangement in the fusion spliced fiber group, and the crack extension direction of perpendicular to crack test piece will two liang of fusion spliced fibers set up in pairs, and every pair is about the crack centrosymmetry of crack test piece to the fusion spliced fibers, and the distance that is located between the fusion spliced fibers of the crack homonymy of crack test piece sets up to same distance. The photometers are connected with the fusion optical fibers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the broadband light source emits light signals to each fusion optical fiber. The optical rate meter can acquire whether the fusion spliced optical fiber is damaged or not according to the monitored optical signal power.
Step S820: the stress applying member was loaded on the cracked test piece.
Specifically, the creep testing machine is clamped at two ends of the crack test piece, and stress is applied to the crack test piece.
Step S830: and starting the optical signal generating piece, and transmitting the optical signal to the light ratio meter group through each fusion optical fiber in the fusion optical fiber group.
Specifically, the optical rate meter group can judge whether the fusion spliced optical fiber is damaged or not according to the received optical signal power.
Step 840: the photometer group monitors the power of the optical signal passing through each of the fused optical fibers.
Specifically, the optical rate meter group can monitor the extension lengths of the cracks of the crack test piece at different positions by monitoring the optical signal power of the fusion optical fibers at different positions.
Step S850: and the demodulation display displays the optical signal power, and judges whether the correspondingly connected fusion-spliced optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so that the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends is judged, and the length of the crack tip plastic zone is further determined.
According to the device and the method for monitoring the plastic zone at the tip of the crack, in the experimental process, the stress is applied to the crack test piece through the stress applying piece, the fusion spliced optical fiber group is fixed on the crack test piece, the crack extending direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion joint of the fusion spliced optical fibers, and the fusion spliced optical fiber group can monitor the crack extending degree conveniently. The input of fusion spliced fiber group is connected with light signal generation piece, and the light signal that light signal generation piece launched can be in the transmission of fusion spliced fiber group inside, and the output and the light rate meter group of fusion spliced fiber group are connected in addition, therefore the light signal of fusion spliced fiber group output can be received to the light rate meter group, because light signal has higher sensitivity, the light signal power of every fusion spliced fiber transmission in the monitoring fusion spliced fiber group that the light rate meter group can be comparatively accurate. The photometer group is connected with a demodulation display, can display the optical signal power monitored by the photometer group, and judges whether the correspondingly connected fusion optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so that the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends is judged, and the length of the crack tip plastic zone is further obtained. The monitoring process is simple, and the optical signal has higher sensitivity, so the monitoring precision is higher.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device, comprising:
the stress applying piece is used for applying stress to the crack test piece;
the fusion spliced optical fiber group is fixed on the crack test piece, and the crack extension direction of the crack test piece passes through the fusion splice of the fusion spliced optical fibers;
the optical signal generating piece is connected with the signal input end of the fusion optical fiber group and used for generating an optical signal;
the optical rate meter group is connected with the signal output end of the fusion spliced optical fiber group and is used for monitoring the optical signal power transmitted by each fusion spliced optical fiber in the fusion spliced optical fiber group;
and the demodulation display is connected with the photometer group and used for displaying the optical signal power monitored by the photometer group and judging whether the correspondingly connected fusion optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power so as to judge the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends and reaches and further determine the length of the crack tip plastic zone.
2. The crack tip plastic zone monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the stress applying member is a creep testing machine clamped at both ends of the crack specimen.
3. The crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the fusion optical fibers in the fusion optical fiber group are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the crack propagation direction of the crack specimen.
4. The crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the fusion optical fibers in the fusion optical fiber set are paired two by two, and each pair of fusion optical fibers is symmetrical about the crack center of the crack specimen.
5. The crack tip plasticity zone monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the distances between the fused optical fibers on the same side as the crack of the crack specimen are equal.
6. The crack tip plastic zone monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the fused fibers in the fused fiber set are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the photometers in the photometer set.
7. The crack tip plastic zone monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the optical signal generator is a broadband light source.
8. A crack tip plastic zone detection method implemented by the crack tip plastic zone monitoring device of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising:
fixing a fusion optical fiber group on a crack test piece, and enabling the crack extension direction of the crack test piece to pass through the fusion joint of the fusion optical fibers;
loading a stress applying member on the crack test piece;
starting the optical signal generating element, and transmitting the optical signal to the light ratio meter group through each fusion optical fiber in the fusion optical fiber group;
the optical rate meter group monitors the optical signal power passing through each fusion optical fiber;
and the demodulation display displays the optical signal power, and judges whether the correspondingly connected fusion-spliced optical fiber is damaged or not according to the optical signal power, so as to judge the position where the crack tip plastic zone extends and reaches and further determine the length of the crack tip plastic zone.
9. The method for detecting the plastic zone of the crack tip according to claim 8, wherein the welding optical fiber set is fixed on the crack specimen so that the crack propagation direction of the crack specimen passes through the welding position of the welding optical fiber, and the method comprises the following steps:
the fusion spliced optical fibers in the fusion spliced optical fiber group are arranged in parallel and are perpendicular to the crack extension direction of the crack test piece;
and arranging the fusion spliced optical fibers in pairs, wherein each pair of fusion spliced optical fibers is symmetrical about the crack center of the crack test piece.
10. The method for detecting the plastic zone of the crack tip according to claim 9, wherein the fused fiber set is fixed on the crack specimen so that the crack propagation direction of the crack specimen passes through the fusion joint of the fused fibers, and further comprising:
and setting the distance between the fusion spliced optical fibers positioned on the same side of the crack test piece as the same distance.
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