CN114964360B - Laser radar-based measuring system and method for feeding rate and heating value of conveyor belt - Google Patents

Laser radar-based measuring system and method for feeding rate and heating value of conveyor belt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114964360B
CN114964360B CN202210450291.9A CN202210450291A CN114964360B CN 114964360 B CN114964360 B CN 114964360B CN 202210450291 A CN202210450291 A CN 202210450291A CN 114964360 B CN114964360 B CN 114964360B
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conveyor belt
heat value
laser radar
water content
materials
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CN114964360A (en
Inventor
黄群星
王敬宇
汪守康
林诚乾
董益斌
何俊捷
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Jiaxing Research Institute of Zhejiang University
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Zhejiang University ZJU
Jiaxing Research Institute of Zhejiang University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4817Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser radar-based measuring system and a laser radar-based measuring method for feeding rate and heat value of a feeding fuel conveyor belt, wherein the system comprises the laser radar which is arranged above the conveyor belt and is used for scanning materials on the conveyor belt; the industrial control computer is used for receiving the point cloud data information acquired by the laser radar, carrying out volume calculation and water content detection on the materials, outputting the volume and the actual heat value of the materials at the moment, and regulating and controlling the speed of the conveyor belt based on the actual heat value. The invention creatively establishes a mathematical model of the water content and the reflectivity of the material, and reversely pushes the water content of the material according to the mathematical model, so that the actual heat value of the material in the scanning area can be calculated through the water content, the delivery rate and the heat value of the material, and the running speed of the conveyor belt is regulated and controlled in real time by comparing the actual heat value with the designed heat value by utilizing the industrial personal computer, so that the stability of the heat value of the fed material is ensured. The invention effectively improves the stability and safety of the boiler in the operation process.

Description

Laser radar-based measuring system and method for feeding rate and heating value of conveyor belt
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid fuel delivery, in particular to a system and a method for measuring the feeding rate of a power plant into a furnace and the heat value of the power plant.
Background
The direct combustion power generation technology of solid fuel (solid waste, biomass and the like) has large scale, high efficiency and outstanding environmental protection benefit, but the current power generation technology is still immature, and the boiler operation optimization, especially the measurement technology of the heat value of the entering furnace, needs to be improved. At present, a solid fuel power plant cannot accurately measure the volume and the heat value of a material fed into a furnace, and the feeding amount of the material is regulated mainly by naked eye estimation of a technician and manual control of the running speed of a conveyor belt so as to control the heat value of the material fed into the furnace, so that the fluctuation of the heat value fed into the furnace and the fluctuation of the temperature in the furnace are easy to occur. Frequent changes in the temperature within the boiler can reduce the thermal efficiency of the boiler, reduce the life of the boiler, seriously affect the heat transfer efficiency and safe operation of the incineration system. The heat value of the material fed into the boiler in unit time can be accurately measured by measuring the volume and the water content of the material on the conveyor belt in the feeding system, the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved, the combustion is reasonably organized, and very powerful guidance is provided for the operation of the boiler.
The water content of the material is greatly affected by factors such as weather, transportation procedures and the like, the fluctuation of the water content is very severe, and the maximum difference can reach more than 20%, so that the actual heat value and the theoretical heat value of the material fed into the material power plant are greatly different. The fluctuation of the water content of the material often causes the fluctuation of the actual heat value of the material, and further the instability of the heat value of the material entering the furnace is initiated. In addition, because the thickness of the material on the conveyor belt is uneven, the volume and delivery rate of the material are difficult to measure, the setting of system parameters and the control of equipment are generally adjusted manually according to experience, and because the traditional control level is limited, the stability of the temperature in the boiler can not be ensured when the load fluctuation of the boiler side and the volume and water content of the material fed into the boiler change, and the difficulty is brought to the safe operation of the boiler. Therefore, the method for measuring the heat value of the material according to the reflectivity and controlling the running speed of the conveyor belt according to the fluctuation feedback of the heat value of the entering furnace so as to ensure the stability of the heat value of the entering furnace has important practical significance. Compared with the prior art, the system can realize real-time measurement of the volume of the material to be charged and the actual heat value, regulate and control the speed of the conveyor belt according to the actual heat value, and has simple equipment and good economical efficiency, and can adapt to complex industrial field environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser radar-based measuring system and a laser radar-based measuring method for feeding rate and heat value of a conveyor belt, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the heat value of feeding materials into a solid fuel power plant can not be measured in real time and stability can not be ensured. The system is stable and reliable, good in economy, simple in device and accurate in detection result.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a laser radar-based measurement system for a feed rate and its heating value on a conveyor belt, comprising: the laser radar is arranged above the conveyor belt and used for scanning materials on the conveyor belt; the industrial control computer is used for receiving point cloud data information acquired by the laser radar, carrying out volume calculation and water content detection on the materials, outputting the volume and the actual heat value of the materials at the moment, and regulating and controlling the speed of the conveyor belt through analysis of the actual heat value; and the support frame is used for fixing the laser radar above the conveyor belt.
The industrial control computer is used for calculating the feeding rate of the materials and the heat value analysis thereof and controlling the speed of the conveyor belt, and the concrete method is as follows:
(1) Acquiring point cloud data information of materials on a conveyor belt in a laser radar scanning area, acquiring spatial position information and reflectivity information data of the materials, and storing the information in an information base;
(2) The industrial control computer filters according to the material point cloud data in the step (1), and discards environmental noise and invalid data information;
(3) The industrial control computer calculates the delivery rate S of the materials in the scanning area according to the spatial position information of the materials processed in the step (2):
according to the average distance d from the obtained material to the laser radar 1 Distance d of radar to conveyor belt 2 Calculating the average thickness h of the material in the scanning area; based on the width l of the conveyor belt 1 Scanning zone conveyor length l 2 Calculating the volume V (m) of the material in the scanning area according to the average thickness h of the material 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the material delivery rate S (m) by the conveyor belt running speed V and the material volume V 3 /s);
Wherein: h=d 2 -d 1
V=h*l 1 *l 2
t=l 2 /v
S=V*v/l 2 =(d 2 -d 1 )*l 1 *v
(4) The industrial control computer calculates the mass water content of the material in the scanning area according to the reflectivity data of the processed material obtained in the step (2) and the relation between the mass water content of the material and the reflectivity; wherein, the relation of the mass water content x and the reflectivity y of the material is as follows:
y=0.04765*exp(-x/4.65739)+0.46429
(5) The industrial control computer calculates the actual heat value H of the material in the scanning area at the current moment according to the delivery rate and the water content data information of the material in the step (3) and the step (4) and the material density and the heat value 2
(6) The industrial control computer scans the actual heat value H of the area obtained in the step (5) 2 Design heat value H of material charged into furnace under rated load 1 Comparing if H 2 >H 1 The running speed of the conveyor belt is reduced, H 1 <H 2 The running speed of the conveyor belt is increased until H 1 =H 2
In the above technical scheme, further, the filtering and noise reduction of the obtained feeding point cloud data information in the step (2) includes deleting the point cloud of the non-material, removing the environmental noise and the outlier point cloud, and the like.
Further, in the step (4), the functional relationship between the water content and the reflectivity of the material needs to be established in advance to obtain a mathematical model between the water content and the reflectivity of the material, and the reflectivity information of the material point cloud can be converted into the water content information in a calculation program of an industrial control computer.
Further, in the step (5), it is assumed that a certain cubic meter of dry matter has a calorific value of M (KJ/M) 3 ) Density ρ (kg/m) 3 ) The mass water content is x, the vaporization latent heat of the water is c (KJ/kg), the actual heat value H 2 (KJ/s)
H 2 =S*M(1-x)-ρ*S*x*c
The invention solves the problem that the actual heat value of the material fed into the furnace can not be measured in real time in the running process of the boiler of the solid fuel power plant, accurately measures the actual heat value of the material fed into the furnace through the volume calculation and the water content detection and analysis of the material, and utilizes the industrial personal computer to control the running speed of the conveyor belt in real time, thereby ensuring the stability of the heat value fed into the furnace and providing guidance for the safe running and optimization of the boiler.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the measuring system and method based on the feeding rate and the actual heat value of the laser radar on the conveyor belt, the material on the conveyor belt is scanned in real time, point cloud data information of the material is obtained, position and reflectivity information of the material are obtained after filtering, and finally the actual heat value of the material in a scanning area at the moment is calculated in a calculation program of an industrial control computer. The invention creatively establishes a mathematical model of the water content and the reflectivity of the material, and reversely pushes the water content of the material according to the mathematical model, so that the actual heat value of the material in the scanning area can be calculated through the water content, the delivery rate and the heat value of the material, and the running speed of the conveyor belt is regulated and controlled in real time by comparing the actual heat value with the designed heat value by utilizing the industrial personal computer, so that the stability of the heat value of the fed material is ensured. The method changes the current situation that the feeding rate is regulated by manual estimation due to incapability of measuring the heat value of the material fed into the furnace by the material power plant, improves the stability and safety of the boiler in the operation process, has the advantages of simple equipment, convenience and quickness in installation, high economy, high stability, capability of updating in real time and the like, and can realize real-time measurement of the heat value of the material fed into the furnace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar based system for measuring the material feed rate and its actual heating value on a conveyor belt;
FIG. 2 is a wire-frame flow diagram of a laser radar based system for measuring the material feed rate and its actual heating value on a conveyor belt;
FIG. 3 is a control program for the speed of the conveyor belt by the industrial control computer;
fig. 4 is a mathematical model of the moisture content and reflectivity of a material.
Marked in the figure as: 1. the laser radar system comprises a laser radar, a support frame, a conveyor belt, a scanning area of the laser radar, an industrial personal computer and a computer.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the measuring system for the feeding rate and the actual heat value of the laser radar-based conveyor belt according to the embodiment includes: laser radar 1, support frame 2, industrial computer 5. The material slowly moves forward on the conveyor belt 3 into the scanning area 4 of the laser radar; the laser radar 1 is opposite to the conveyor belt 3 and is connected with an industrial control computer 5.
The working procedure of this embodiment is as follows: the material slowly moves forward on the conveyor belt 3 into the scanning area 4 of the laser radar; the laser radar 1 scans the materials in the conveyor belt 3 to acquire the position and reflectivity information of the materials, and transmits the information to the industrial computer 5; the material volume calculation, the water content detection and the actual heat value calculation and analysis programs in the industrial computer 5 carry out filtering analysis and calculation on the material point cloud to obtain real-time actual heat value data of the material, and the real-time actual heat value data are displayed on the industrial computer 5 in real time.
As shown in fig. 2, the process of calculating the volume of the material, detecting the water content and calculating and analyzing the actual heat value in the industrial control computer 5 comprises the following steps:
(1) Acquiring point cloud data information of materials on a conveyor belt in a scanning area 4 of a laser radar, acquiring spatial position information and reflectivity information data of the materials, and storing the information in an information base;
(2) The industrial control computer filters according to the material point cloud data in the step (1), and discards environmental noise and invalid data information;
(3) The industrial control computer calculates the delivery rate S of the materials in the scanning area according to the spatial position information of the materials processed in the step (2):
according to the average distance d from the obtained material to the laser radar 1 Distance d of radar to conveyor belt 2 Calculating the average thickness h of the material in the scanning area; based on the width l of the conveyor belt 1 Scanning zone conveyor length l 2 Calculating the volume V (m) of the material in the scanning area according to the average thickness h of the material 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the material delivery rate S (m) by the conveyor belt running speed V and the material volume V 3 /s);
Wherein: h=d 2 -d 1
V=h*l 1 *l 2
t=l 2 /v
S=V*v/l 2 =(d 2 -d 1 )*l 1 *v
(4) The industrial control computer extracts the reflectivity data of the material according to the point cloud data in the step (2), and calculates the mass water content of the material in the scanning area according to the relation between the mass water content of the material and the reflectivity; wherein, the relation of the mass water content x and the reflectivity y of the material is as follows:
y=0.04765*exp(-x/4.65739)+0.46429
(5) The industrial control computer calculates the actual heat value H of the material in the scanning area at the current moment according to the delivery rate of the material and the water content data information, the material density and the heat value in the steps (3) and (4) 2
(6) The industrial control computer scans the actual heat value H of the area obtained in the step (5) 2 And design heat value H 1 Comparing if H 2 >H 1 The running speed of the conveyor belt is reduced, H 1 <H 2 The running speed of the conveyor belt is increased until H 1 =H 2
And (2) filtering and denoising the obtained feeding point cloud data information, wherein the filtering and denoising comprises the step of deleting the point cloud of the non-material, the step of removing the environmental noise and the outlier point cloud, and the like.
In step (4), the functional relationship between the water content and the reflectivity of the material needs to be established in advance to obtain a mathematical model between the water content and the reflectivity, as shown in fig. 4, which is a mathematical model of the water content and the reflectivity of a certain material, according to which the reflectivity information of the material point cloud can be converted into the water content information in the calculation program of the industrial computer.
In step (5), it is assumed that a certain cubic meter of dry matter has a calorific value of M (KJ/M) 3 ) Density ρ (kg/m) 3 ) The mass water content is x, the vaporization latent heat of water is c (KJ/kg), and the water enters the furnace to heat value H (KJ/s)
H 2 =S*M(1-x)-ρ*S*x*c
In summary, the measuring system and the measuring method for the feeding rate and the heat value of the laser radar-based conveyor belt provided by the invention realize real-time online measurement of the feeding rate and the actual heat value of the material on the conveyor belt by acquiring the point cloud data information of the material and transmitting the point cloud data information to an industrial control computer for analysis and calculation. The method comprises the steps of filtering and analyzing point cloud data acquired by a laser radar by utilizing a common industrial control computer, extracting spatial position information and reflectivity information of materials, obtaining the volume and delivery rate of the materials by a calculation program of the industrial control computer, calculating the water content of the materials by a mathematical model between the reflectivity and the water content of the materials, and finally calculating the actual heat value of the materials in a laser radar scanning area according to the water content, heat value and delivery rate of the materials. The method has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient installation, high economy, high stability, real-time update and the like, can realize real-time measurement of the actual heat value of the material entering the boiler, improves the efficiency of the boiler, prolongs the service life of the boiler, and provides powerful guidance for safe operation of the boiler.

Claims (4)

1. The method for measuring the feeding rate and the heat value of the feeding fuel conveyor belt based on the laser radar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Collecting point cloud data information of materials on a conveyor belt in a laser radar scanning area;
(2) Selecting spatial position information and reflectivity information of the material from the point cloud data information of the material, and filtering and noise reduction;
(3) According to the spatial position information obtained in the step (2), calculating the delivery rate S of the materials in the scanning area in real time:
according to the average distance d from the material to the laser radar 1 Distance d from laser radar to conveyor belt 2 Calculating the average thickness h of the material in the scanning area; based on the width l of the conveyor belt 1 Scanning zone conveyor length l 2 Calculating the volume V (m) of the material in the scanning area according to the average thickness h of the material 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the material delivery rate S (m) by the conveyor belt running speed V and the material volume V 3 /s);
Wherein: h=d 2 -d 1
V=h*l 1 *l 2
t=l 2 /v
S=V*v/l 2 =(d 2 -d 1 )*l 1 *v
(4) Calculating the mass water content of the material in the scanning area in real time according to the reflectivity data obtained in real time in the step (2), so as to calculate the water content of the material; wherein, the relation of the mass water content x and the reflectivity y of the material is as follows:
y=0.04765*exp(-x/4.65739)+0.46429
(5) Calculating the actual heat value H of the material in the scanning area at the current moment in real time according to the delivery rate of the material and the water content data information, the material density and the heat value in the (3) and (4) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Suppose that a certain cubic meter of dry matter has a calorific value of M (KJ/M) 3 ) Density ρ (kg/m) 3 ) The mass water content is x, the vaporization latent heat of the water is c (KJ/kg), the actual heat value H 2 (KJ/s) is
H 2 =S*M(1-x)-ρ*S*x*c
(6) The actual heat value H of the scanning area obtained in the step (5) is calculated 2 Design heat value H of material charged into furnace under rated load 1 Comparing if H 2 >H 1 The running speed of the conveyor belt is reduced, H 1 <H 2 The running speed of the conveyor belt is increased until H 1 =H 2
2. The method for measuring the feeding rate and the heat value of the laser radar-based feeding fuel conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the filtering and noise reduction comprises removing point clouds of non-materials, environmental noise and outlier clouds.
3. A laser radar-based measurement system for a charge rate and a heating value thereof on a charging fuel conveyor belt, comprising:
the laser radar is arranged above the conveyor belt and used for scanning materials on the conveyor belt;
the industrial control computer is used for receiving the point cloud data information acquired by the laser radar, carrying out volume calculation and water content detection on the materials, outputting the volume and the actual heat value of the materials at the moment, and regulating and controlling the speed of the conveyor belt based on the actual heat value; the industrial control computer calculates the feeding rate and the heat value of the conveyor belt by adopting the method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, so as to control the rate of the conveyor belt.
4. A laser radar based system for measuring the rate of charge and the heating value of a fuel conveyor belt for a furnace as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a support for securing the laser radar above the conveyor belt.
CN202210450291.9A 2022-04-26 2022-04-26 Laser radar-based measuring system and method for feeding rate and heating value of conveyor belt Active CN114964360B (en)

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JP2008241273A (en) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-09 Ihi Corp Laser radar device and its control method
CN207730277U (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-08-14 内蒙古达智能源科技有限公司 Bulk solid particle material flow monitoring system on conveyer belt based on laser radar
CN109165450A (en) * 2018-08-28 2019-01-08 华电国际电力股份有限公司技术服务中心 A kind of intelligent coal-fired silo management system and method
CN111275633B (en) * 2020-01-13 2023-06-13 五邑大学 Point cloud denoising method, system, device and storage medium based on image segmentation
CN111285052A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-06-16 河北金波嘉源测控技术有限公司 Belt material flow control system
CN111830490A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-27 浙江光珀智能科技有限公司 Simulation method of frequency modulated continuous wave laser radar
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