CN114964154A - Cast-in-place pile pouring process monitoring system - Google Patents
Cast-in-place pile pouring process monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114964154A CN114964154A CN202210900394.0A CN202210900394A CN114964154A CN 114964154 A CN114964154 A CN 114964154A CN 202210900394 A CN202210900394 A CN 202210900394A CN 114964154 A CN114964154 A CN 114964154A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L13/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values
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- G01N9/36—Analysing materials by measuring the density or specific gravity, e.g. determining quantity of moisture
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring system for a pouring process of a cast-in-place pile, which comprises: the sensor module comprises a first sensor unit, a second sensor unit and a third sensor unit, wherein the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit are arranged on the pouring guide pipe according to different heights, namely an upper height, a middle height and a lower height, and are respectively used for detecting the pressure at the positions of the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit in the pouring pile; the communication line is electrically connected with the sensor module and is used for transmitting the pressure data detected by the sensor module; and the processing module is electrically connected with the sensor module through a communication line. By arranging the three sensor units with different heights, in the process of pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe, a specific pressure difference is calculated, when the second sensor unit is positioned on the concrete liquid surface, the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, and meanwhile, the height of the second sensor unit is the same as the height of the pouring object, so that based on the specific pressure difference, not only can the time when the pulling and lifting of the pouring guide pipe is stopped be determined, but also the height of the pouring object at the time can be obtained through cooperative calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a cast-in-place pile pouring process monitoring system.
Background
In the pouring process of the cast-in-place pile, the pouring guide pipe is placed into the cast-in-place pile, then concrete is poured into the cast-in-place pile through a guide pipe opening of the pouring guide pipe positioned in the cast-in-place pile, and the embedded depth of the pouring guide pipe by the concrete is specified to be not more than 6m according to the specification, so that the guide pipe needs to be pulled upwards when a certain depth is poured in the construction process. Before pulling out the guide pipe, technicians need to calculate the rough pouring depth through the concrete pouring square amount and the pile diameter, need to manually lower a hanging hammer to judge the depth of the concrete liquid level, reversely calculate the pouring depth and the embedded depth of the guide pipe according to the length of the pile, and then control a crane to pull out the guide pipe again so that the maximum embedded depth is not exceeded. The whole process is greatly influenced by human factors, and if the drift sand pile position and the karst cave pile position with complex geological conditions are met, manual judgment is easy to make mistakes.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a bored concrete pile pouring process monitoring system, aims at solving the technical problem mentioned in the above-mentioned background art.
In this application embodiment, this bored concrete pile pouring process monitoring system includes:
the sensor module comprises a first sensor unit, a second sensor unit and a third sensor unit, wherein the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit are used for being installed on a pouring guide pipe according to three different heights, namely an upper height, a middle height and a lower height, and the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit are respectively used for detecting the pressure at the positions of the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit in the pouring pile;
the communication line is electrically connected with the sensor module and is used for transmitting the pressure data detected by the sensor module;
the processing module is electrically connected with the sensor module through the communication wire, and is configured to calculate pressure difference among the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit based on the following mode in the process of pulling the pouring guide pipe, and send out an alarm signal for stopping pulling the pouring guide pipe when the pressure difference is at a descending point after an ascending point, wherein the calculation mode is as follows:
P=P1+P3-2P2
wherein P1 is the pressure value detected by the first sensor unit located uppermost, P2 is the pressure value detected by the second sensor unit located in the middle, P3 is the pressure value detected by the third sensor unit located lowermost, and P is the pressure difference;
the processing module is further configured to, when the pressure difference reaches a maximum value, cooperatively calculate a height of a casting as follows:
H=L1-L2+S1-S2+L3
wherein, L1 is the length released by the communication wire when pulling is started, L2 is the length released by the communication wire when pulling is stopped, S1 is the height of the cast-in-place pile, S2 is the length of the casting guide pipe, L3 is the distance between the connecting position of the communication wire and the casting guide pipe and the opening of the casting guide pipe, and H is the height of the casting.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to: calculating the density of the casting between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit and the density of the casting between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit respectively according to the pressure values detected by the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit; and
judging the components of the casting based on the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit, the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit, the standard density interval of the slurry and the standard density interval of the concrete, wherein the components of the casting comprise one of the following components:
mud, concrete and mixtures of mud, concrete;
the casting density is calculated as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
for the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit,
is the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit,
representing the distance between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit,
g is a gravitational coefficient, which is the distance between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to:
judging whether the casting process has defects or not based on the standard density interval of the slurry, the standard density interval of the concrete and the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit; if yes, sending out an alarm signal;
wherein the standard density interval of the slurry is less than that of the concrete when
And when the density is smaller than the lower limit of the standard density interval of the concrete, judging that the mud clamping exists in the pouring process, and sending a mud clamping alarm signal.
In this embodiment, the processing module is further configured to, when any one of the sensor units is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors, use an average value of pressure values detected by the plurality of pressure sensors in the sensor unit as the pressure at the position of the sensor unit.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to:
when any pressure sensor is abnormal, when the average pressure value of the sensor unit where the pressure sensor is located is calculated, the detection data of the pressure sensor is removed.
In this application embodiment, be equipped with the alarm on the work platform, the alarm with processing module electric connection, the alarm is configured to, and the response is received the alarm signal that processing module sent begins to report to the police.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to:
drawing a pressure curve corresponding to each pressure sensor and an average pressure curve of each pressure sensor unit based on the detection data of each pressure sensor; and
and drawing the pressure difference curve.
In the embodiment of the present application, the pressure difference curve is periodically displayed, and a complete cycle includes a first segment, a second segment, a third segment and a fourth segment which are sequentially connected, wherein the first segment and the fourth segment are in a horizontal extension trend, the second segment is in an ascending trend, and the third segment is in a descending trend.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to: and sending an alarm signal for stopping pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe at the turning point of the second section and the third section.
In an embodiment of the present application, the processing module includes a display unit, and a display interface of the display unit includes:
a first area for displaying a pressure value curve of each pressure sensor and an average pressure value curve of each sensor unit;
a second area for displaying the pressure difference curve;
a third area for displaying the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor, i.e. between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit;
a fourth area for displaying the height of the casting;
and the fifth area is used for displaying alarm information.
According to the technical scheme, the three sensor units with different heights are arranged on the pouring guide pipe to detect the pressure at different positions in three positions of the pouring object in the pouring process, and when the second sensor unit located at the middle height is located on the concrete liquid surface in the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, the specific pressure difference reaches the maximum value, and meanwhile the height of the second sensor is the same as the height of the pouring object, so that based on the specific pressure difference, not only can the time of stopping pulling out the pouring guide pipe be determined, but also the pouring height of the pouring object at the moment can be obtained through collaborative calculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a sensor module in a cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a mobile platform in the system for monitoring a pouring process of a cast-in-place pile according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of pressure difference obtained in an embodiment using the system for monitoring a cast-in-place pile casting process of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a casting process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the position of the casting catheter during the pulling process;
FIG. 6 is a graph of pressure differential in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a display interface of a display unit of a processing module in the cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 100-sensor module, 110-first sensor unit, 120-second sensor unit, 130-third sensor unit, 200-communication line, 300-mobile platform, 310-working platform, 320-wire reel, 330-alarm.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the monitoring system includes:
the sensor module 100 comprises a first sensor unit 110, a second sensor unit 120 and a third sensor unit 130, wherein the first sensor unit 110, the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130 are used for being mounted on a pouring guide pipe according to three different heights, namely an upper height, a middle height and a lower height, and the first sensor unit 110, the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130 are respectively used for detecting the pressure at the position of each sensor unit in the pouring pile; the communication line 200 is electrically connected to the sensor module 100, and is configured to transmit the pressure data processing module detected by the sensor module 100, and is electrically connected to the sensor module 100 through the communication line 200.
As shown in fig. 1, each sensor unit comprises at least one pressure sensor, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, each sensor unit comprises two pressure sensors. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, each sensor unit may also include more pressure sensors, and the number of the pressure sensors disposed in each sensor unit is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the first sensor unit 110 includes pressure sensors a1, a2, the second sensor unit 120 includes pressure sensors B1, B2, and the third sensor unit 130 includes pressure sensors C1, C2. When the sensor module 100 is mounted on a casting pipe, the sensor module can be mounted with a1 and a2 on the top, B1 and B2 in the middle, and C1 and C2 on the bottom.
The casting conduit generally consists of sections of conduit, the length of each section being known in advance, so that when installing the sensor module 100, installation can be performed according to the length of each section of casting conduit. For example, the third sensor unit 130 is installed at the junction of the penultimate section and the penultimate section of the casting conduit, the second sensor unit 120 is installed at the junction of the penultimate section and the penultimate section of the casting conduit, the first sensor unit 110 is installed at the junction of the penultimate section and the penultimate section of the casting conduit, and the distance between two adjacent sensor units is the length of one section of the casting conduit. In the present embodiment, the distance between two adjacent sensor units is set according to the length of one section of the casting conduit, and in other embodiments, the distance may be set according to other distances (for example, two sections).
In the embodiment of the present application, when each sensor unit has a plurality of pressure sensors, the height of the pressure sensors mounted on the casting pipe is the same for each pressure sensor in the same sensor unit. For example, in fig. 1, a1 and a2 are arranged at the same height on the casting guide pipe, B1 and B2 are arranged at the same height on the casting guide pipe, and C1 and C2 are arranged at the same height on the casting guide pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, a mobile platform 300 is further provided, a wire spool 320 is provided on the mobile platform 300, after one end of the communication wire 200 is electrically connected to the sensor module 100, the other end is wound on the wire spool 320, and the communication wire 200 can be wound and unwound by rotating the wire spool 320. For example, during the lowering of a cast-in-place pipe into a cast-in-place pile, the communication wire 200 is released downward by rotating the wire spool 320, and when the cast-in-place pipe is pulled, the communication wire 200 is shortened and wound on the wire spool 320 by rotating the wire spool 320. The other end of the communication line 200 is wound on the wire spool 320 and then electrically connected to the processing module, so as to transmit the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors to the processing module.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the communication line 200 is further provided with a scale, for example, a metal scale mark is provided every 0.2m, and the currently released length of the communication line 200 can be read through the scale mark. It should be noted that, in the process of pulling up the casting conduit or lowering down the casting conduit, the communication line 200 is in a straight state and is not bent or wound, the length of the communication line 200 released in the previous and subsequent times can be read through the scale, and the difference between the previous and subsequent times can represent the distance of upward or downward movement of the connection point of the communication line 200 and the sensor module 100.
In addition, the communication cable 200 may be wound and unwound by the wire spool 320, manually wound and unwound, or wound and unwound based on other winding and unwinding devices.
In the embodiment, a device for automatically detecting the release length of the communication wire 200 may be further disposed on the wire spool 320, and the length of the communication wire 200 released from the wire spool may be automatically calculated during the rotation of the wire spool 320. In addition, the wire spool 320 can be rotated by manual operation or by motor driving, and the application does not limit the rotation mode and the rotation power of the wire spool 320.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the mobile platform 300 further includes: the wire spool 320 is arranged on the rack and located below the working platform 310. The work platform 310 is located at the top of the rack and is used for placing the processing module, such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard, a host computer, etc. in the processing module on the work platform 310.
In the embodiment of the present application, an alarm 330 is further disposed on the working platform 310, and the alarm 330 is electrically connected to the processing module; the alarm 330 initiates an alarm in response to receiving an alarm signal from the processing module. For example, when the processing module determines that the pouring catheter can be stopped being pulled out, an alarm signal may be sent to the alarm 330, and the alarm 330 starts to alarm after receiving the alarm signal, so as to remind the operator to stop pulling out the pouring catheter upwards.
After elaborating the hardware in the monitoring system, the processing method of the processing module is further elaborated as follows:
in this embodiment, when each sensor unit has a plurality of pressure sensors, the processing module receives the pressure values of the pressure sensors, calculates an average value of the pressure values of the pressure sensors of each sensor unit, and uses the average value as the pressure value of the position of the sensor unit. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the pressure value at the position of the first sensor unit 110 is the average value of the pressure sensors a1 and a2, the pressure value at the position of the second sensor unit 120 is the average value of the pressure sensors B1 and B2, and the pressure value at the position of the third sensor unit 130 is the average value of the pressure sensors C1 and C2. When a failure occurs in a certain sensor, it is necessary to remove the detection value of the failed pressure sensor when calculating the average value. For example, for the first sensor unit 110, if a1 fails, then the sensed value of a1 need not be considered in calculating the pressure value of the first sensor unit 110.
Next, with reference to specific embodiments, how to monitor the lifting process of the casting pipe and how to calculate the height of the casting in cooperation will be described.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first sensor unit 110, the second sensor unit 120, and the third sensor unit 130 are sequentially installed on the casting catheter from top to bottom, the communication line 200 is electrically connected to the second sensor unit 120, then the casting catheter is placed downward into the cast-in-place pile, the communication line 200 is released at the same time, when the casting catheter is lowered to a certain distance, the lowering is stopped, the release of the communication line is also stopped at the same time, and it is determined that the length of the released communication line 200 (as read through the scale) is assumed to be L1, and L1 is the distance of the position of the second sensor unit 120 on the casting catheter (the length of the released initial communication line). The depth of the cast-in-place pile can be obtained in advance, and is assumed to be S1. The length of the casting pipe may also be known in advance, assuming S2. The distance from the second sensor unit 120 to the pouring conduit at the outlet of the cast-in-place pile may be obtained after installation, for example, the third sensor unit 130 is installed at the junction between the first section to the last and the second section to the last of the pouring conduit, the second sensor unit 120 is installed at the junction between the second section to the last and the third section to the last of the pouring conduit, and the first sensor unit 110 is installed at the junction between the third section to the last and the fourth section to the last of the pouring conduit, so that the distance from the second sensor unit 120 to the pouring conduit port is the distance between two sections of the pouring conduit, and the length of each section of the pouring conduit may be known in advance, so that the distance L3 from the second sensor unit 120 to the pouring conduit port may be determined.
It should be noted that after the pouring guide pipe and each sensor unit are lowered to the cast-in-place pile, before the pouring is started, slurry is filled in the cast-in-place pile, in the pouring process, concrete is filled inwards from the bottom of the cast-in-place pile, the slurry is extruded by the concrete and moves upwards along with the pouring, and the slurry is discharged along with the concrete filling the cast-in-place pile. Therefore, before the pouring is started, each sensor unit is positioned in the slurry of the cast-in-place pile, and as the pouring is carried out, the concrete gradually submerges each sensor unit.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, at time T0, concrete pouring has not started, and the first sensor unit a, the second sensor unit B, and the third sensor unit C are all located in mud, as shown by a in fig. 4, and the pressure difference at this time is:
since concrete has not yet been poured at this time, the densities of the positions of the first sensor unit a, the second sensor unit B, and the third sensor unit C are
At this time, the density of the slurry is obtained, and
the first sensor unit a and the second sensor unit B are respectively obtained by modifying the above equation (1) by the distance from the third sensor unit C to the liquid surface of the slurry:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
respectively, the distance between the second sensor cell B and the third sensor cell C, and the distance between the first sensor cell a and the second sensor cell B, then, as can be seen from equation (2), when the distances between the adjacent sensor cells are the same, the initial pressure difference is 0.
As shown in fig. 3, the concrete starts to be poured at time T1, and the concrete starts to submerge the third sensor unit C at time T2, as shown in b in fig. 4, after the pouring is started, the concrete submerges the third sensor unit C, and the pressure difference after the concrete submerges the third sensor unit C is:
wherein S is the height position of the concrete at the moment,
as the distance between two positions, e.g.
The distance of the second sensor unit B from the height position S of the concrete at that time,
as density between two locations, e.g.
The density between the second sensor unit B and the concrete height position S is given by the same other symbols.
Since the concrete level is now between B, C
It is the density of the concrete and,
all are mud densities, so a variation on the above equation (3) yields:
as can be seen from equation (4) above, after the concrete has been poured, the pressure difference tends to increase as the third sensor unit C is submerged, as shown at times T2 to T3 in fig. 3.
As shown in c of fig. 4, as the concrete is poured, the concrete level reaches the position of the second sensor unit B at time T3, and the pressure difference is as follows:
with the concrete pouring, when the concrete liquid level reaches between the second sensor unit B and the first sensor unit a, the pressure difference is:
in this case, since concrete is present between the second sensor unit B and the third sensor unit C, concrete is also present between the second sensor unit B and the concrete height position S, and slurry is present between the first sensor unit and the concrete height position S, the above-described deformation of equation (6) can be obtained
As can be seen from the above equations (4) and (7), after the pouring is started, the pressure difference tends to increase after the concrete submerges the third sensor unit C (see T2-T3 in fig. 3), and when the concrete submerges the second sensor unit B, the pressure difference reaches the maximum value (time T3), and tends to decrease as the pouring is continued (see T3-T4 in fig. 3). When the concrete again floods the first sensor unit a, the three sensor units are all located in the concrete, and the pressure difference at this time is reduced to the lowest and kept constant (time T4). The pressure difference when the concrete floods all three sensor units is:
since the third concrete is concrete below the height position S, the above formula (8) can be modified as follows:
with respect to the formula (9),
the distance between the first sensor unit A and the second sensor unit B is the length of one section of the pouring conduit;
the distance between the second sensor unit B and the third sensor unit C, i.e. the length of a section of casting conduit. So that after the first sensor unit a is submerged in concrete,
always 0, the pressure difference calculated by the processing module is zero. As shown in fig. 3, at time T4, the concrete begins to flood the first sensor unit a, the pressure differential is due to 0, and as casting continues, the pressure differential is always 0. It should be noted that, in the present application, the distance between the first sensor unit a and the second sensor unit B is the same as the distance between the second sensor unit B and the third sensor unit C, and is the length of a section of the casting conduit, so that the distance between the first sensor unit a and the second sensor unit B is the same as the distance between the second sensor unit B and the third sensor unit C, and therefore
Always 0. In other embodiments, the distance between the first sensor unit a and the second sensor unit B may be the sameThe distance between the sensor unit B and the third sensor unit C is different, at this time
Is a fixed value. The pressure difference does not drop after the concrete has flooded the first sensor unit a, regardless of whether the distance between two adjacent sensor units is the same. The difference is that if the distance between two adjacent sensor units is the same, the pressure difference is decreased to 0 and then maintained unchanged; if the distance between two adjacent sensor units is different, the pressure difference decreases to a certain value and then remains unchanged.
At the time of T4, the concrete submerges the first sensor unit, then pouring is continued for a certain time (T4-T5), and then after the certain time of pouring, the pouring conduit is pulled upwards from the T5 period.
During the pulling process, at the time T6, after the first sensor unit a comes out of the liquid level of the concrete, the first sensor unit a starts to be located in the slurry, and the pressure difference P can be calculated by the formula (7), and as can be known from the formula (7), the pressure difference tends to increase as the pouring conduit continues to be pulled. In the time T3 to T4, the concrete pouring process is slow, and the concrete is slowly submerged from the second sensor unit B to the third sensor unit C. In the process of pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe, the height position of the concrete liquid level is unchanged, and the pouring guide pipe moves from the first sensor unit A to the height position of the concrete liquid level to the second sensor unit B and moves upwards to the height position of the concrete liquid level. Therefore, the pressure difference changes in the periods T6-T7 have the opposite trend to the pressure difference changes in the periods T3-T4. However, since the casting pipe is lifted upward by a lifting device such as a crane when the casting pipe is lifted, the lifting speed of the casting pipe is high, and the casting pipe may be lifted upward by a long distance in a short time, that is, the second sensor unit B may be quickly lifted to the liquid level position of the concrete. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure difference may rapidly increase from 0 during the time period T6-T7. It should be noted that the rate of pressure differential increase during the time interval T6-T7 is related to the rate of withdrawal of the casting conduit, with the greater the withdrawal of the casting conduit, the greater the pressure differential increase.
As the pouring duct is further pulled upwards, at time T7, the second sensor unit B reaches the concrete level, and the pressure sensors of the second sensor unit B start to be located in the slurry, and the pressure difference can be calculated by equation (5) above, and as can be seen from equation (5), the pressure difference reaches a maximum value. As shown in fig. 3, the second sensor unit B reaches the concrete level position at time T7, at which the pressure difference reaches a maximum value.
Based on the above process, it can be seen that the pressure difference reaches the maximum value when the second sensor unit B reaches the liquid surface of the concrete during the process of pulling up the casting pipe. Therefore, in the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, after the pressure difference starts to rise from a certain fixed value (including rising from 0 or rising from any constant pressure difference), when the pressure difference starts to fall, the processing module judges that the pressure difference reaches the maximum and sends out an alarm signal for stopping pulling out the pouring guide pipe, the worker can stop pulling out, then pouring is continued, and after pouring is carried out for a certain time, pulling out is carried out again.
Based on the mode of monitoring the pulling of the pouring guide pipe, when the pouring guide pipe is pulled, the distance between the position where the opening of the pouring guide pipe stays and the concrete liquid level can be determined by the distance between the second sensor unit B and the opening of the pouring guide pipe. For example, in the above embodiment, the second sensor unit B is arranged at the connection position of the penultimate section and the penultimate section of the pouring conduit, so that the pouring conduit port can be stopped at a distance of two sections of length of the pouring conduit away from the concrete liquid level every time the pouring conduit port is pulled out. In this case, the pouring guide pipe port does not come out completely from the concrete surface, and the pouring guide pipe port is not stopped at a long distance from the concrete surface.
In addition, under the ideal condition of the pressure difference change in each time interval in fig. 3, the density of the concrete may slightly change during the actual pouring and pulling process, and therefore, the pressure difference may not rise straight or fall straight, but may slightly fluctuate during the rising and falling process, but the overall trend is still consistent with that in each time interval in fig. 3.
After describing how to determine when to stop pulling up the pouring duct, it follows how to determine the height of the casting in conjunction with stopping pulling up the pouring duct.
As shown in fig. 5, a in fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the casting conduit in the cast-in-place pile when the casting conduit is initially pulled up, and B in fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the casting conduit in the cast-in-place pile when the second sensor unit B is pulled up to the concrete level. When the alarm is known, that the second sensor unit B is located at the liquid level of the concrete (i.e. at the same height as the casting), the height H of the casting can be regarded as the distance from the second sensor unit B to the bottom of the cast-in-place pile.
When the processing module sends out a pouring conduit pulling stopping alarm signal, the release length of the communication line 200 is obtained (for example, the release length is read through scales on the communication line 200), and if the release length is L2, the distance that the pouring conduit is pulled upwards (L1-L2) can be known; the distance L3 from the second sensor unit 120 to the mouth of the casting pipe can be known based on the length of each section of the casting pipe; the total length of the pouring guide pipe and the total length of the cast-in-place pile can also be determined in advance, and then the height of the pouring object at the moment can be calculated based on the following formula:
H=L1-L2+S1-S2+L3（10）
in the embodiment of the application, when the second sensor unit B is located on the concrete liquid surface in the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, and meanwhile, the height of the second sensor unit B is the same as the height of the pouring object, so that based on the specific pressure difference, not only can the time when pulling out the pouring guide pipe is stopped be determined, but also the pouring height of the pouring object at the time can be obtained through collaborative calculation.
Next, how to determine the casting density between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120 is described in detail.
The density of different substances is different, and the standard density of the common slurry retaining wall is 1.0-1.3 g/cm 3 The standard density of the concrete is between 2.2 and 2.5 g/cm 3 The interface density of the slurry and the concrete should be mediumAt 1.0-2.5 g/cm 3 In between. Therefore, from the density of the casting between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120, and the density of the casting between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130, the composition between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120, and between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130 can be determined. For example, the density of the casting is (1.0-1.3) g/cm 3 In between, then can confirm as mud; the density of the casting is (1.3-2.2) g/cm 3 In between, then can confirm as the mixture of mud and concrete; the density of the casting is (2.2-2.5) g/cm 3 In between, then concrete can be determined.
The detected pressure values for the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120 are:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the distance of the first sensor unit 110 from the concrete level,
which is the distance of the second sensor unit 120 from the concrete level, g is the gravity coefficient,
the density of the casting between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120, the pressure of the concrete level position in the P mud, can be obtained from equations (11) and (12)
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i.e. the distance between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120
The distance between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120 can be known in advance, for example, the distance of a section of a casting conduit. The density of the casting between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor unit 120 can thus be calculated based on the following equation (14).
Similarly, the following formula (15) can also be obtained:
based on equation (15), the density of the casting between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130 can be calculated.
Based on the above formulas (14) and (15), the calculation is performed
And
and comparing the density of the slurry with that of the concrete, so as to determine the components of the casting among the sensor units.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to:
judging whether the casting process has defects or not based on the standard density interval of the slurry, the standard density interval of the concrete and the casting density between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130; if yes, sending out an alarm signal;
wherein the standard density interval of the slurry is less than that of the concrete when
And when the density is smaller than the lower limit of the standard density interval of the concrete, judging that the mud clamping exists in the pouring process, and sending a mud clamping alarm signal.
During the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, the casting between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130 is concrete before the alarm, namely before the height of the second sensor unit 120 does not reach the concrete liquid level, and the density is basically a constant value because the concrete comes from a stable mixing station when a single cast-in-place pile is cast, so that during the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, in the case of no alarm, namely when the height of the second sensor unit 120 is not higher than the concrete liquid level, if the processing module calculates that the density is basically a constant value
When values of standard density different from those of concrete occur, e.g. when
At (1.0-2.2) g/cm 3 In between, then can judge that pile shaft presss from both sides the mud phenomenon. When the processing module judges that mud clamping occurs, a mud clamping alarm signal can be sent out immediately.
For the detection of the quality of the pile foundation, the prior art mainly adopts a means of post detection, when a reinforcement cage is bound, a sound detection pipe is bound on the reinforcement cage, and after the pile foundation concrete is hardened, the sound detection pipe is used for detecting whether the hardened pile body is uniform or not, whether the pile body is broken or not, whether the pile body is clamped with mud or not and the like. Therefore, when the pile is broken, the concrete pile body is hardened, so that the concrete pile body needs to be reworked and re-poured, and huge economic loss and construction period loss are caused. And processing module in this application can the automatic calculation density based on pressure sensor's detected value, can avoid technical staff's artificial calculation and judgment error, can also become control afterwards for control in the affairs, in case find quality problems such as press from both sides mud, can in time clear hole during pouring, avoid the loss that the clear hole of pile foundation sclerosis back caused again.
In an embodiment of the application, the processing module is further configured to: and drawing a pressure curve corresponding to each pressure sensor and an average pressure curve of each pressure sensor unit based on the detection data of each pressure sensor, and drawing the pressure difference curve. The pressure curves corresponding to the pressure sensors, the average pressure curve of each pressure sensor unit and the pressure difference curve are drawn through the processing module, so that the working personnel can visually know the current pouring state, and the early warning effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, the pressure difference curve is displayed periodically, and a complete cycle includes a first segment, a second segment, a third segment, and a fourth segment connected in sequence, where the first segment and the fourth segment extend horizontally, the second segment increases vertically, and the third segment decreases vertically, and the processing module is further configured to: and sending an alarm signal for stopping pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe at the turning point of the second section and the third section.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, concrete starts to be poured from the pouring conduit at time T1, concrete submerges the third sensor unit at time T2, the second sensor unit submerges at time T3, the first sensor unit submerges at time T4, pouring continues to time T5, the pouring conduit starts to be pulled from time T5, the first sensor unit reaches the concrete level at time T6, the second sensor unit reaches the concrete level at time T7, pulling stops, pouring continues after pulling, concrete restarts to submerge the first sensor unit at time T8, pouring continues to time T9, and the pouring conduit starts to be pulled for the second time at time T9. Thus, the time from the time T5 when the cast catheter is pulled for the first time to the time T9 when the cast catheter is pulled for the second time can be considered as a complete cycle in the embodiments of the present application.
One cycle includes a first segment (T5-T6), a second segment (T6-T7), a third segment (T7-T8), and a fourth segment (T8-T9). In an ideal state, the first section is a horizontal straight line, the second section is an ascending straight line, the third section is a descending straight line, and the fourth section is a horizontal straight line. In the actual pouring and pulling process, because the pouring environment is relatively complex, the density of concrete may slightly differ along with pouring, and therefore, the pressure difference of each period in one cycle may not be a standard straight line but slightly fluctuate, but the trend of each period is consistent with the trend of each period in fig. 3, that is, the first section (T5-T6) is in a trend of keeping unchanged overall, the second section (T6-T7) is in a trend of rising overall, the third section (T7-T8) is in a trend of falling overall, and the fourth section (T8-T9) is in a trend of keeping unchanged overall.
In addition, it should be noted that in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the distances between adjacent sensor units are the same, and therefore, the pressure difference is 0 when all the sensor units are submerged; when the distances between adjacent sensor units are not the same, the pressure difference is a fixed value when all the sensor units are submerged, as shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present application, the processing module includes a display unit, and a display interface of the display unit includes:
a first area for displaying a pressure value curve of each pressure sensor and an average pressure value curve of each sensor unit;
a second area for displaying the pressure difference curve;
a third area for displaying the casting density between the first sensor unit 110 and the second sensor, i.e. between the second sensor unit 120 and the third sensor unit 130;
a fourth area for displaying the height of the casting;
and the fifth area is used for displaying alarm information.
As shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present application, the display unit is, for example, a display screen, and the processing module may further include a keyboard, a mouse, a host, and the like. The processing module can be automatically generated by calculation for the first area and the second area. And a delta h input box is also arranged in the third area, and the user can input the distance between the detection units through a mouse and a keyboard. For the fourth area, a cast-in-place pile height input frame, a cast-in-place conduit length input frame, a communication line 200 contact point distance to a cast-in-place conduit opening distance input frame, an initial line length input frame (a main communication line 200) and an alarm line length input frame (the length of the main communication line 200 during alarm) are further arranged, and a user can input the information through input equipment such as a mouse and a keyboard. And displaying alarm information such as stopping pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe, clamping mud and the like for the fifth area.
According to the technical scheme, the three sensor units with different heights are arranged on the pouring guide pipe to detect the pressure at different positions in three positions of the pouring object in the pouring process, and when the second sensor unit located at the middle height is located on the concrete liquid surface in the process of pulling out the pouring guide pipe, the specific pressure difference reaches the maximum value, and meanwhile the height of the second sensor is the same as the height of the pouring object, so that based on the specific pressure difference, not only can the time of stopping pulling out the pouring guide pipe be determined, but also the pouring height of the pouring object at the moment can be obtained through collaborative calculation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied to the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cast-in-place pile pouring process monitoring system is characterized by comprising:
the sensor module comprises a first sensor unit, a second sensor unit and a third sensor unit, wherein the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit are used for being installed on a pouring guide pipe according to three different heights, namely an upper height, a middle height and a lower height, and the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit are respectively used for detecting the pressure at the positions of the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit in the pouring pile;
the communication line is electrically connected with the sensor module and is used for transmitting the pressure data detected by the sensor module;
the processing module is electrically connected with the sensor module through the communication wire, and is configured to calculate pressure difference among the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit based on the following mode in the process of pulling the pouring guide pipe, and send out an alarm signal for stopping pulling the pouring guide pipe when the pressure difference is at a descending point after an ascending point, wherein the calculation mode is as follows:
P=P1+P3-2P2
wherein P1 is the pressure value detected by the first sensor unit located uppermost, P2 is the pressure value detected by the second sensor unit located in the middle, P3 is the pressure value detected by the third sensor unit located lowermost, and P is the pressure difference;
the processing module is further configured to, when the pressure difference reaches a maximum value, cooperatively calculate a height of the casting as follows:
H=L1-L2+S1-S2+L3
wherein, L1 is the length released by the communication wire when pulling is started, L2 is the length released by the communication wire when pulling is stopped, S1 is the height of the cast-in-place pile, S2 is the length of the casting guide pipe, L3 is the distance between the connecting position of the communication wire and the casting guide pipe and the opening of the casting guide pipe, and H is the height of the casting.
2. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the processing module is further configured to: calculating the density of the casting between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit and the density of the casting between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit respectively according to the pressure values detected by the first sensor unit, the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit; and
judging the components of the casting based on the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit, the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit, the standard density interval of slurry and the standard density interval of concrete, wherein the components of the casting comprise one of the following components:
mud, concrete and mixtures of mud, concrete;
the casting density is calculated as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit,
is the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit,
representing the distance between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit,
g is a gravitational coefficient, which is the distance between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit.
3. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the processing module is further configured to:
judging whether the casting process has defects or not based on the standard density interval of the slurry, the standard density interval of the concrete and the casting density between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit; if yes, sending out an alarm signal;
wherein the standard density interval of the slurry is less than that of the concrete when
When the density is less than the lower limit of the standard density interval of the concrete, the clamp is judged to exist in the pouring processMud and sending out a mud clamping alarm signal.
4. Cast-in-place pile pouring process monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the processing module is further configured to, when any one sensor unit is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors, take an average value of pressure values detected by the plurality of pressure sensors in the sensor unit as the pressure at the position of the sensor unit.
5. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the processing module is further configured to:
when any pressure sensor is abnormal, when the average pressure value of the sensor unit where the pressure sensor is located is calculated, the detection data of the pressure sensor is removed.
6. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an alarm is provided on the working platform, the alarm is electrically connected with the processing module, and the alarm is configured to start an alarm in response to receiving an alarm signal sent by the processing module.
7. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the processing module is further configured to:
drawing a pressure curve corresponding to each pressure sensor and an average pressure curve of each pressure sensor unit based on the detection data of each pressure sensor; and
and drawing the pressure difference curve.
8. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the pressure difference curve is displayed periodically, and a complete cycle comprises a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section which are connected in sequence, wherein the first section and the fourth section are extended horizontally, the second section is increased upwards, and the third section is decreased downwards.
9. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the processing module is further configured to: and sending an alarm signal for stopping pulling and lifting the pouring guide pipe at the turning point of the second section and the third section.
10. The cast-in-place pile casting process monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the processing module comprises a display unit, and a display interface of the display unit comprises:
a first area for displaying a pressure value curve of each pressure sensor and an average pressure value curve of each sensor unit;
a second area for displaying the pressure difference curve;
a third area for displaying the casting density between the first sensor unit and the second sensor, i.e. between the second sensor unit and the third sensor unit;
a fourth area for displaying the height of the casting;
and the fifth area is used for displaying alarm information.
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