CN114961664A - Method for improving SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage) recovery ratio of super heavy oil double horizontal wells - Google Patents
Method for improving SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage) recovery ratio of super heavy oil double horizontal wells Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961664A CN114961664A CN202110195269.XA CN202110195269A CN114961664A CN 114961664 A CN114961664 A CN 114961664A CN 202110195269 A CN202110195269 A CN 202110195269A CN 114961664 A CN114961664 A CN 114961664A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the SAGD recovery ratio of an ultra-heavy oil double horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: a horizontal well is arranged between the two SAGD well groups and is positioned at the bottom of an oil layer, and the horizontal well and the two SAGD well groups are arranged in parallel; after a steam cavity of the SAGD well group grows to the top of an oil layer, the horizontal well starts to send and take steam in and out, and preset turns are carried out; and after the steam cavity of the horizontal well is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group, converting the horizontal well into a production well to carry out oil production until the development is finished. The invention solves the problem of poor production effect of double horizontal wells SAGD exploitation of super heavy oil reservoirs in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of super heavy oil reservoir exploitation, in particular to a method for improving SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage) recovery efficiency of a super heavy oil double horizontal well.
Background
The production effect of developing the super heavy oil reservoir by the double-horizontal-well SAGD mainly depends on the size of a steam cavity, the super heavy oil SAGD is started to be applied in a large scale, the steam cavity of a well group is developed to the top and enters a transverse expansion stage, the transverse expansion speed of the steam cavity is low due to the difference of the horizontal permeability of the reservoir, the oil production peak value is lower than the design of a scheme, and the oil production index does not meet the design requirement of the scheme, so that the oil production rate in the actual production does not meet the design requirement of the scheme. Meanwhile, under the current well pattern condition, a triangular residual oil enrichment area which cannot be swept by a steam cavity can appear after the steam cavities between the well pairs are fused, and the part of residual oil cannot be used under the current well pattern condition, so that the final recovery ratio of the SAGD of the double-horizontal well is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for improving the SAGD recovery ratio of super heavy oil by using a double horizontal well, and aims to solve the problem of poor production effect of developing super heavy oil reservoirs by using the SAGD in the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for improving the SAGD recovery efficiency of an ultra-heavy oil double horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: a horizontal well is arranged between the two SAGD well groups and is positioned at the bottom of an oil layer, and the horizontal well and the two SAGD well groups are arranged in parallel; after a steam cavity of the SAGD well group grows to the top of an oil layer, the horizontal well starts to send out steam, and predetermined turns are carried out; and after the steam cavity of the horizontal well is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group, converting the horizontal well into a production well to carry out oil production until the development is finished.
Further, the horizontal well is opened in the middle of two sets of SAGD well groups and is at the same depth with the SAGD well groups.
And further, starting the horizontal well to take in and out steam in the stage that the steam cavity of the SAGD well group develops to the top of the oil layer and the steam cavity of the SAGD well group is expanded transversely.
Further, the horizontal well is started when the SAGD well group is produced for more than 3 years.
Further, when the horizontal well is used for steam stimulation, the steam injection pressure of the horizontal well is smaller than the fracture pressure of the stratum.
Further, when the horizontal well is used for pumping steam, the pumping times of the horizontal well for pumping steam are 3-5 times.
Further, when the horizontal well is used for pumping steam, the steam injection speed of the horizontal well is 100t/d-130t/d, and each steam injection is carried out for 15-25 days.
Further, after the steam handling round of the horizontal well is completed, the temperature between the horizontal well and the SAGD well group reaches 100 ℃.
Further, when the horizontal well is used for oil production, the maximum liquid production speed of the horizontal well is 80 t/d.
Furthermore, when the steam cavity fusion of the SAGD well group and the horizontal well begins to descend, the horizontal well has two development modes of oil extraction and steam injection.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a horizontal well is arranged between two SAGD well groups, and residual oil in an unexpanded area of a steam cavity between the SAGD well groups is purposefully exploited through the horizontal well, so that the transverse communication of the steam cavity is accelerated, the saturation of the residual oil is reduced, the oil extraction speed is increased, and the oil recovery rate is improved. Meanwhile, the production system of the horizontal well is manually controlled to be adjusted from initial steam huff and puff to later steam drive, and the mode of switching to steam drive after the steam cavity of the horizontal well is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group is adopted, so that part of energy of the steam cavity is consumed and produced by the horizontal well, the steam consumption and injection capacity are increased, and the steam channeling risk between pairs of the horizontal well is reduced. According to the method, by utilizing a composite mining mode of combining horizontal well handling and gravity drainage of the SAGD horizontal well group, the oil extraction speed is greatly increased after the SAGD horizontal well group measures, and the oil recovery rate is improved by 5% -15%.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method of the present invention for enhancing SAGD recovery in an ultra-heavy oil dual horizontal well;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic of the positional relationship of a horizontal well to a SAGD well group when the method of FIG. 1 is employed;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic of the structure of a horizontal well when it is subjected to steam using the method of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the configuration of the steam chamber of a horizontal well in communication with the steam chamber of a SAGD well group when the method of FIG. 1 is employed.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a SAGD well group; 20. and a horizontal well.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the present invention, unless specified to the contrary, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" or the like, generally refer to the orientation as shown in the drawings, or to the component itself in a vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational orientation; likewise, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves, but the above directional words are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to solve the problem of poor production effect of developing an ultra-heavy oil reservoir by using a double-horizontal-well SAGD in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the SAGD recovery ratio of the ultra-heavy oil.
A method for increasing the recovery ratio of the SAGD of the double horizontal wells of the ultra-heavy oil as shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps: a horizontal well 20 is arranged between the two SAGD well groups 10, the horizontal well 20 is positioned at the bottom of an oil layer, and the horizontal well 20 and the two SAGD well groups 10 are arranged in parallel; after the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10 grows to the top of the oil layer, the horizontal well 20 starts to send and take steam in and out, and preset turns are carried out; and after the steam cavity of the horizontal well 20 is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10, the horizontal well 20 is converted into a production well to carry out oil production until the development is finished.
In the embodiment, a horizontal well 20 is arranged between two groups of SAGD well groups 10, and residual oil in an unextended area of a steam cavity between the pairs of SAGD well groups 10 is purposefully exploited through the horizontal well 20, so that the transverse communication of the steam cavity is accelerated, the saturation of the residual oil is reduced, the oil extraction speed is increased, and the oil recovery ratio is improved. Meanwhile, the production system of the horizontal well 20 is manually controlled to be adjusted from initial steam huff and puff to later steam flooding, and the steam flooding mode is switched after the steam cavity of the horizontal well 20 is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10, so that part of energy of the steam cavity is consumed and produced by the horizontal well 20, the steam consumption and the injection capacity are increased, and the steam channeling risk between pairs of the horizontal well 20 is reduced. According to the method, by utilizing a composite mining mode of combining the throughput of the horizontal well 20 and gravity drainage of the SAGD well group 10, the oil extraction speed is greatly increased after the SAGD horizontal well group measures, and the oil recovery rate is improved by 5% -15%.
The method for improving the SAGD recovery ratio of the double horizontal wells of the super heavy oil reservoir mainly aims at a well group with a slowly-expanded steam cavity and a recovery degree of less than 50% in the double horizontal well steam assisted gravity drainage development of the super heavy oil reservoir. Of course, other well groups may be used as desired.
In this embodiment, the horizontal well 20 is a ciphered horizontal well, and is opened in the middle of the two SAGD well groups 10, and is located at the same depth as the SAGD well group 10, so that the horizontal expansion degree of the steam cavity of the horizontal well 20 is approximately the same, and the steam cavity of the horizontal well 20 is simultaneously communicated with the steam cavities of the SAGD well groups 10 at two sides.
And starting the horizontal well 20 to process steam in the stage that the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10 is developed to the top of the oil layer and the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10 is expanded transversely. Depending on the circumstances, generally, the horizontal well 20 may be started when the SAGD well group 10 is producing for more than 3 years.
When the horizontal well 20 is used for steam injection, the steam injection pressure of the horizontal well 20 is smaller than the formation fracture pressure, the steam injection frequency of the horizontal well 20 for steam injection is 3-5 rounds, the steam injection speed of the horizontal well 20 is 100t/d-130t/d, and each round of steam injection lasts 15-25 days.
After the steam handling cycle of the horizontal well 20 is completed, the temperature between the horizontal well 20 and the SAGD well group 10 reaches 100 ℃, and the horizontal well 20 is converted into a production well for oil production. When the horizontal well 20 is used for oil production, the maximum liquid production speed of the horizontal well 20 is 80 t/d.
When the steam chambers of the SAGD well group 10 and the horizontal well 20 are fused and begin to descend, the horizontal well 20 has two development modes of continuing oil extraction and steam injection.
The development operation parameters and the development rules of the horizontal well 20 are determined, and the SAGD development benefit is guaranteed to be maximized.
A specific example is listed below:
as shown in figure 2, a horizontal well 20 for steam huff and puff is arranged between SAGD well groups 10, the horizontal well 20 and the SAGD well groups 10 are at the same depth, the well spacing is 33m on average, the thickness of a target layer oil layer is 10.0-19.0 m, 15.2m on average, the horizontal well and the SAGD well groups 10 are continuous in the vertical direction, interlayers in the oil layer are discontinuous, the number of the interlayers is 1-2, the thickness of each monolayer is 0.3-1.3 m, and the physical interlayer is mainly used.
The starting time of the horizontal well 20 for assisting the SAGD is selected in the steam cavity transverse expansion stage, the effect of starting the horizontal well 20 for assisting the SAGD is good, and the effect of starting the horizontal well 20 for assisting the SAGD is determined to be good when the SAGD well group 10 is produced for more than 3 years by combining the inter-well thermal communication time. The auxiliary process can be divided into two stages according to the auxiliary SAGD production mode of the horizontal well 20, wherein the first stage comprises the following steps: the horizontal wells 20 are taken out and put to form a thermal field, and the horizontal wells 20 are in thermal communication with the SAGD well group 10; and a second stage: after thermal communication the horizontal well 20 is switched to production. Before thermal communication, the steam of the horizontal well 20 is taken in and out, the bottom hole pressure is continuously higher, a uniform pressure system is formed after thermal communication is realized, the pressure is stable, the yield is quickly improved at the stage, and the thermal communication condition can be judged on site according to pressure fluctuation and yield, as shown in figure 3.
When the horizontal well 20 is taken in and out, the steam injection pressure is increased, the heat field sweep range is larger, meanwhile, the pressure is transmitted to the top of an oil layer, in order to avoid crushing a cover layer, the steam injection pressure is smaller than the formation fracture pressure, the steam injection pressure of the horizontal well 20 is controlled to be smaller than the fracture pressure by 0.5MPa, the taking-in and taking-out wheel is optimized to 4 rounds, the steam injection speed of 1-4 rounds of taking in and taking out is 100t/d-130t/d, and each round of steam injection lasts 20 days. And (3) determining the soaking time to be 2 days, and after the horizontal well 20 is steamed for 4 times, enabling the temperature between the horizontal well 20 and the SAGD well group 10 to reach 100 ℃, realizing thermal communication, and ending steam steaming of the horizontal well 20.
When the horizontal well 20 is used for oil extraction, the steam injection speed of the SAGD well group 10 is increased, the production speed can be increased by 1.1%, and meanwhile, the oil-steam ratio is reduced by 0.01, so that the steam injection speed is improved by 50t/d compared with the original design. The horizontal well 20 and the SAGD well group 10 are in thermal communication and then start to produce, the liquid extraction capacity of the horizontal well 20 at the moment is influenced by the oil drainage capacity, the oil drainage capacity is influenced by the development scale of a steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10, and the maximum liquid extraction speed is designed to be 80t/d reasonably by combining the actual capacity on site.
When the steam cavity fusion of the SAGD well and the horizontal well 20 begins to descend, the horizontal well 20 has two development modes of continuous oil extraction and steam injection, compared with the oil extraction mode under the steam drive mode under the two production modes, the oil extraction speed is improved by 2.09 percent and the recovery ratio is improved by 4.15 percent, as shown in figure 4.
The digital-analog result shows that after the horizontal well 20 is used for assisting the production of the SAGD well group 10, the steam cavity of the SAGD well group 10 is uniformly developed, and the oil production speed of the SAGD well group 10 is increased; the horizontal well 20 can continue to produce for 10 years after assisting SAGD, the accumulated oil yield and the oil-gas ratio are greatly improved, the accumulated oil yield of the SAGD well group 10 after implementing the horizontal well 20 assisting SAGD is improved by 15%, the accumulated oil-gas is improved by 0.02, and the recovery ratio is improved by 10%.
It should be noted that, a plurality in the above embodiments means at least two.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. the problem of poor production effect of the double-horizontal-well SAGD developed super heavy oil reservoir in the prior art is solved;
2. residual oil in an unexpanded area of a steam cavity between SAGD well group pairs is exploited in a targeted manner through a horizontal well, the transverse communication of the steam cavity is accelerated, the saturation of the residual oil is reduced, the oil extraction speed is increased, and the oil recovery rate is improved;
3. the production system of the horizontal well is artificially controlled to be adjusted from initial steam huff and puff to later steam flooding, partial energy of the steam cavity is consumed and produced by the horizontal well, the steam consumption and the injection capacity are increased, and the steam channeling risk between pairs of the horizontal well is reduced;
4. by utilizing a composite mining mode combining horizontal well swallowing-spitting and gravity drainage of the SAGD horizontal well group, the oil extraction speed is greatly increased after the SAGD horizontal well group measures, and the oil recovery rate is improved by 5-15%.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few, and not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage) recovery efficiency of an ultra-heavy oil dual-horizontal well is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a horizontal well (20) is formed between the two SAGD well groups (10), the horizontal well (20) is positioned at the bottom of an oil layer, and the horizontal well (20) and the two SAGD well groups (10) are formed in parallel;
after the steam cavity of the SAGD well group (10) grows to the top of an oil layer, the horizontal well (20) starts to send and send steam, and preset turns are carried out;
and after the steam cavity of the horizontal well (20) is communicated with the steam cavity of the SAGD well group (10), the horizontal well (20) is converted into a production well for oil production until the development is finished.
2. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with a horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal well (20) is opened right in the middle of the two SAGD well groups (10) and at the same depth as the SAGD well groups (10).
3. The method for SAGD recovery of high and ultra heavy oil with two horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that during the period of steam chamber development to the top of reservoir of the SAGD well group (10) and lateral expansion of steam chamber of the SAGD well group (10), the horizontal well (20) is started to take steam.
4. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with two horizontal wells according to claim 3, wherein the horizontal well (20) is started up more than 3 years of production from the SAGD well group (10).
5. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with two horizontal wells, according to claim 1, wherein the steam injection pressure of the horizontal well (20) is less than the formation fracture pressure when the horizontal well (20) is steaming.
6. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with two horizontal wells, according to claim 1, wherein when the horizontal well (20) is handling steam, the number of steam handling rounds of the horizontal well (20) is 3-5 rounds.
7. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil in a bi-horizontal well, according to claim 1, wherein the steam injection rate of the horizontal well (20) is 100t/d to 130t/d, 15 to 25 days per steam injection while the horizontal well (20) is steam-stimulated.
8. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with two horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature between the horizontal well (20) and the SAGD well group (10) reaches 100 ℃ after completion of the steam-through-steam-cycles of the horizontal well (20).
9. The method for SAGD recovery of high super heavy oil with two horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein the maximum production rate of the horizontal well (20) is 80t/d when the horizontal well (20) is producing oil.
10. The method for SAGD recovery of high and ultra-heavy oil with two horizontal wells according to claim 1, wherein after the fusion of the steam chambers of the SAGD well group (10) and the horizontal well (20) begins to descend, the horizontal well (20) has two development modes of oil recovery and steam injection.
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CN104481483A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Double-horizontal well steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) middle and later period exploitation method of heavy oil reservoir |
CN108119113A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The method of heavy crude producing |
CN109838224A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The method for the exploitation super-viscous oil that auxiliary producing well is combined with SAGD |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CA2591498A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-14 | Encana Corporation | Recovery process |
CA2631977A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-02-16 | Gokhan Coskuner | In situ thermal process for recovering oil from oil sands |
CN104481483A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Double-horizontal well steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) middle and later period exploitation method of heavy oil reservoir |
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