CN114961624A

CN114961624A - Prevent production tree well head sealing device of crude oil leakage

Info

Publication number: CN114961624A
Application number: CN202210651012.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李奇伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-10
Filing date: 2022-06-10
Publication date: 2022-08-30

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of Christmas trees, in particular to a Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage. The technical problem is as follows: the sealing mode of the existing sealing device is single, and when the pressure of petroleum in the Christmas tree is suddenly increased, the existing sealing device cannot plug the high-pressure petroleum, so that part of petroleum overflows to the ground and the environment is seriously polluted. The technical scheme is as follows: a Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage comprises a fourth flange, a first oil drainage component and the like; and a first oil drainage assembly is arranged on the upper side of the fourth flange. Realized during the use when the oil pressure in the production tree risees suddenly automatic with high-pressure petroleum discharge and collect, sealed the production tree automatically again after oil pressure remain stable, avoided high-pressure petroleum directly to flow out, will remain simultaneously and strike off and collect on the sucker rod automatically, avoid remaining the petroleum and spill over to the production tree surface, get rid of the cleaning process, raise the efficiency, the effectual problem of avoiding environmental pollution simultaneously.

Description

Prevent production tree well head sealing device of crude oil leakage

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of Christmas trees, in particular to a Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage.

Background

A christmas tree is an assembly located at the opening to the top end of a well, including valves for measurement and maintenance, safety systems, and a series of monitoring instruments. The christmas tree connects production tubing and production tubing from downhole while acting as an important barrier to isolate the top of the well from the external environment. It includes a number of valves that can be used to regulate or prevent the flooding of the produced crude oil vapors, natural gas and liquids from the well.

When prior art carries out oil recovery, need carry out long stroke up-and-down reciprocating motion through the production pole and with the oil suction to the production tree in, the production pole slides in the production tree well head in this in-process, lead to partial oil to flow out from the clearance of production pole and production tree well head, consequently need install sealing device at the production tree well head, be used for preventing that oil from flowing out in the clearance through production tree well head and sucker rod, and current sealing device's sealing method is more single, when the oil pressure in the production tree risees suddenly, current sealing device can't carry out the shutoff to highly compressed oil, lead to partial oil to spill over to ground, serious polluted environment, cause the wasting of resources simultaneously.

Therefore, there is a need to design a christmas tree wellhead seal that prevents crude oil leakage.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage, aiming at overcoming the defects that the existing sealing device cannot block high-pressure petroleum when the petroleum pressure in a Christmas tree is suddenly increased due to single sealing mode, so that part of the petroleum overflows to the ground and the environment is seriously polluted.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage comprises a first flange, a first pipeline, a second flange, a third flange, a first cylinder, a fourth flange, a first oil drainage component, a linkage component, a first pressurizing component, a balancing component and a second oil drainage component; a first pipeline is connected with the inner part of the first flange through threads; the upper part of the outer side of the first pipeline is in threaded connection with a second flange; a third flange is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second flange; the inner side of the third flange is in threaded connection with the first pipeline; the upper side of the third flange is fixedly connected with a first cylinder; a fourth flange is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first cylinder; a first oil drainage assembly for preventing residual oil from overflowing is mounted on the upper side of the fourth flange; the first oil drainage assembly is connected with the first cylinder; a linkage assembly for acquiring power from the sucker rod is arranged on the inner side of the first pipeline; the linkage assembly is in contact with the first oil drainage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder are respectively provided with a first pressurizing assembly for pressurizing the first cylinder; the two first pressurizing assemblies are connected with the linkage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder are respectively provided with a balance component for keeping the pressure in the first cylinder balanced, and the two balance components are respectively positioned at the front sides of the two first pressurizing components; a second oil drainage assembly for preventing high-pressure oil from flowing out is mounted on the lower side of the first pipeline;

the first oil drainage assembly comprises a fifth flange, a second pipeline, a damping slide rail, a damping slide block, an oil pumping cylinder, an oil pumping pipe, a first connecting block, a sleeve, a linkage rod, a first piston, a fourth limiting ring, a first grid blocking sleeve and a first sealing ring; a fifth flange is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fourth flange; the inner side of the fifth flange is in threaded connection with a second pipeline; the second pipeline is in threaded connection with the fourth flange; two damping slide rails are mounted at the lower part of the inner side of the second pipeline; the two damping slide rails are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and a damping slide block is connected to each of the two damping slide rails in a sliding manner; an oil pumping cylinder is fixedly connected between the two damping slide blocks; the upper side of the oil pumping cylinder is communicated with four oil pumping pipes; two first connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the first cylinder; the two first connecting blocks are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, and opposite sides of the two first connecting blocks are fixedly connected with a sleeve; a linkage rod is connected in each sleeve in a sliding manner; the upper ends of the two linkage rods are fixedly connected with a first piston; the first piston is connected with the oil pumping cylinder in a sliding way; two fourth limiting rings are fixedly connected to the lower side of the oil pumping cylinder; the upper sides of the two fourth limiting rings are both contacted with the first piston; a first grid retaining sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side of the second pipeline; four first sealing rings are arranged inside the first grid baffle sleeve; the lower sides of the two linkage rods are connected with the linkage assembly.

Further, four long holes are formed in the first check blocking sleeve, the four long holes are distributed in a circular array mode, the four long holes are aligned with the four oil pumping pipes respectively, three small holes are formed in the centripetal side of the four long holes to communicate with the middle channel of the first check blocking sleeve, and the three small holes in the three groups are located above the three first sealing rings below the three small holes in the three groups respectively.

Furthermore, the upper ends of the four oil pumping pipes are provided with rubber rings.

Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower side of the oil pumping cylinder.

Furthermore, the linkage assembly comprises a second grid blocking sleeve, a second sealing ring, a first guide rail, a first rack, a first linkage block, a linkage ring, a ball, a magnet, a first limiting block and a second limiting block; a second grid retaining sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner side of the first pipeline; four second sealing rings are uniformly arranged in the second grid baffle sleeve; a first guide rail is fixedly connected to the left part and the right part of the inner side of the first pipeline; a first rack is connected to each of the two first guide rails in a sliding manner; the lower opposite sides of the two first racks are fixedly connected with a first linkage block; a linkage ring is fixedly connected between the two first linkage blocks; three balls are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the linkage ring; the three balls are distributed in a circular array, the inner wall of the linkage ring is fixedly connected with three magnets, the three magnets are distributed in a circular array, the magnets are alnico magnets, and the three magnets and the three balls are arranged in a crossed mode; two first limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipeline, and the upper sides of the two first limiting blocks are both contacted with the lower end of the linkage ring; the front part of the upper side and the rear part of the upper side of the first pipeline are fixedly connected with a second limiting block; the upper side of the first rack is fixedly connected with the linkage rod; the first rack is connected with the first pressurizing assembly.

Furthermore, the first pressurizing assembly comprises a second connecting block, a loop bar, a spline shaft, a first straight gear, a third connecting block, a second guide rail, a second rack, a second linkage block, a first limiting rod, a first spring, a second piston, a second cylinder, a third pipeline, a first one-way valve, a fourth pipeline and a second straight gear; a second connecting block is fixedly connected to the right part of the upper side of the first pipeline; a loop bar is rotatably connected between the second connecting block and the first cylinder; the left end of the loop bar is fixedly connected with a second straight gear which is meshed with the first rack; the right part of the loop bar is connected with a spline shaft in a sliding way; the right end of the spline shaft is fixedly connected with a first straight gear; a third connecting block is fixedly connected to the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder; a second guide rail is fixedly connected to the front side of the third connecting block; a second rack is connected to the second guide rail in a sliding manner; the second rack is meshed with the first straight gear; a second linkage block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rack, and the upper surface of the second linkage block is arranged as a frustum; the left side and the right side of the second linkage block are both connected with a first limiting rod in a sliding manner; the lower ends of the two first limiting rods are fixedly connected with a first spring; the upper ends of the two first springs are fixedly connected with the second linkage block, and the two first springs are respectively sleeved on the two first limiting rods; the upper ends of the two first limiting rods are fixedly connected with second pistons, the middle parts of the second pistons are provided with through holes, and the frustum of the second linkage block is matched with the through holes of the second pistons; a second cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle part of the right side of the first cylinder; the second cylinder is connected with the second piston in a sliding way; the upper side of the second cylinder is communicated with a third pipeline; the left end of the third pipeline is communicated with a first one-way valve; the output end of the first one-way valve is communicated with a fourth pipeline; the left end of the fourth pipeline is communicated with the first cylinder; the spline shaft is connected with the balance component.

Furthermore, a protrusion is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the second linkage block, a cavity is formed in the middle of the second piston, and the cavity is aligned with the protrusion.

Furthermore, the balance assembly comprises a third cylinder, a second limiting rod, a second spring, a third piston and a third linkage block; a third cylinder is connected to the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder in a penetrating way; a second limiting rod is connected inside the third cylinder in a sliding manner; a second spring is fixedly connected to the right end of the second limiting rod; the left end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the third cylinder, and the second spring is sleeved on the second limiting rod; the left end of the second limiting rod is fixedly connected with a third piston; the third piston is connected with the third cylinder in a sliding manner; a third linkage block is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second limiting rod; the rear side of the third linkage block is rotationally connected with the spline shaft.

Further, the second oil drainage assembly comprises a fifth pipeline, a connecting ring, a third limiting rod, a fourth piston, a third spring, a sixth pipeline, an electric valve, a seventh pipeline, a containing box, an eighth pipeline, a hand-screwed valve and a ninth pipeline; the front part of the lower side of the first pipeline is communicated with a fifth pipeline; a connecting ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fifth pipeline; two third limiting rods are fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting ring; the two third limiting rods are connected with fourth pistons in a sliding mode; the front ends of the two third limiting rods are fixedly connected with a third spring; the rear ends of the two third springs are fixedly connected with the fourth piston, and the two third springs are respectively sleeved on the two third limiting rods; a sixth pipeline is communicated with the lower side of the fifth pipeline and is positioned behind the connecting ring; the lower side of the sixth pipeline is communicated with an electric valve; a seventh pipeline is communicated with the lower side of the electric valve; the lower part of the outer side of the first pipeline is fixedly connected with a containing box; the seventh pipeline is communicated with the containing box; an eighth pipeline is communicated with the lower part of the left side of the containing box; a hand-screwed valve is communicated with the left side of the eighth pipeline; and the left side of the hand-screwed valve is communicated with a ninth pipeline.

The second pressurizing assembly is arranged on the front side of the first cylinder and comprises an air pump, a tenth pipeline, a second one-way valve and an eleventh pipeline; the middle part of the front side of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with an air pump; the output end of the air pump is communicated with a tenth pipeline; the upper side of the tenth pipeline is communicated with a second one-way valve; the output end of the second one-way valve is communicated with an eleventh pipeline; the upper side of the eleventh pipeline is communicated with the first cylinder.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: realized during the use when the oil pressure in the production tree rises suddenly automatic with high-pressure oil discharge and collect, it seals the production tree automatically again after oil pressure remains stable, avoid high-pressure oil directly to flow, will remain the striking off and collect on the sucker rod automatically simultaneously, avoid remaining oil and spill over to the production tree surface, get rid of the cleaning process, the efficiency is improved, the effectual environmental pollution's of having avoided problem simultaneously, reduce the wasting of resources, the automatic sucker rod that utilizes up-and-down reciprocating motion drives first pressure components and pressurizes first drum simultaneously, further improve the sealed effect to the production tree, and avoided the phenomenon that first drum middling pressure is too high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first partial construction of a first oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a second partial schematic view of the first oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a third partial schematic view of the first oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a fourth partial schematic view of the first oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the linkage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a portion of the linkage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first compression assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a balancing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a second oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a portion of the second oil drainage assembly of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a second pressing assembly of the present invention.

The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures: 1-a first flange, 2-a first pipeline, 3-a second flange, 4-a third flange, 5-a first cylinder, 6-a fourth flange, 7-a sucker rod, 201-a fifth flange, 202-a second pipeline, 203-a damping slide rail, 204-a damping slide block, 205-an oil pumping cylinder, 206-an oil pumping pipe, 207-a first connecting block, 208-a sleeve, 209-a linkage rod, 2010-a first piston, 2011-a fourth limit ring, 2012-a first grid spacer, 2013-a first sealing ring, 301-a second grid spacer, 302-a second sealing ring, 303-a first guide rail, 304-a first rack, 305-a first linkage block, 306-a linkage ring, 307-a ball, 308-a magnet, 309-a first limit block, 3010-a second stopper, 401-a second connecting block, 402-a loop bar, 403-a spline shaft, 404-a first straight gear, 405-a third connecting block, 406-a second guide rail, 407-a second rack, 408-a second linkage block, 409-a first stopper rod, 4010-a first spring, 4011-a second piston, 4012-a second cylinder, 4013-a third pipeline, 4014-a first one-way valve, 4015-a fourth pipeline, 4016-a second straight gear, 501-a third cylinder, 502-a second stopper rod, 503-a second spring, 504-a third piston, 505-a third linkage block, 701-a fifth pipeline, 702-a connecting ring, 703-a third stopper rod, 704-a fourth piston, 705-a third spring, 706-a sixth pipeline, 707-an electric valve, 708-a seventh pipeline, 709-a storage box, 7010-an eighth pipeline, 7011-a hand-screwed valve, 7012-a ninth pipeline, 801-an air pump, 802-a tenth pipeline, 803-a second one-way valve, 804-an eleventh pipeline.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example 1

A Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage is shown in figures 1-13 and comprises a first flange 1, a first pipeline 2, a second flange 3, a third flange 4, a first cylinder 5, a fourth flange 6, a first oil drainage component, a linkage component, a first pressurizing component, a balancing component and a second oil drainage component; a first pipeline 2 is connected with the inner part of the first flange 1 through threads; the upper part of the outer side of the first pipeline 2 is in threaded connection with a second flange 3; the upper side of the second flange 3 is connected with a third flange 4 through bolts; the inner side of the third flange 4 is in threaded connection with the first pipeline 2; the upper side of the third flange 4 is connected with a first cylinder 5 through a bolt; the upper end of the first cylinder 5 is connected with a fourth flange 6 through bolts; a first oil drainage assembly is arranged on the upper side of the fourth flange 6; the first oil drainage assembly is connected with the first cylinder 5; the inner side of the first pipeline 2 is provided with a linkage component; the linkage assembly is in contact with the first oil drainage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder 5 are respectively provided with a first pressurizing assembly; the two first pressurizing assemblies are connected with the linkage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder 5 are respectively provided with a balance component, and the two balance components are respectively positioned at the front sides of the two first pressurizing components; a second oil drainage component is arranged at the lower side of the first pipeline 2;

the first oil drainage component comprises a fifth flange 201, a second pipeline 202, a damping slide rail 203, a damping slide block 204, an oil pumping barrel 205, an oil pumping pipe 206, a first connecting block 207, a sleeve 208, a linkage rod 209, a first piston 2010, a fourth limiting ring 2011, a first grid retainer 2012 and a first sealing ring 2013; the upper side of the fourth flange 6 is connected with a fifth flange 201 through bolts; a second pipeline 202 is connected to the inner side of the fifth flange 201 in a threaded manner; the second pipeline 202 is in threaded connection with the fourth flange 6; two damping slide rails 203 are mounted at the lower part of the inner side of the second pipeline 202; the two damping slide rails 203 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and a damping slide block 204 is connected to each of the two damping slide rails 203 in a sliding manner; an oil pumping cylinder 205 is welded between the two damping sliding blocks 204; the upper side of the oil pumping cylinder 205 is communicated with four oil pumping pipes 206; two first connecting blocks 207 are welded on the upper part of the inner wall of the first cylinder 5; the two first connecting blocks 207 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the opposite sides of the two first connecting blocks 207 are welded with a sleeve 208; a linkage rod 209 is connected in each of the two sleeves 208 in a sliding manner; the upper ends of the two linkage rods 209 are fixedly connected with a first piston 2010; the first piston 2010 is slidably connected with the pumping barrel 205; two fourth limiting rings 2011 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the oil pumping cylinder 205; the upper sides of the two fourth limiting rings 2011 are both in contact with the first piston 2010; a first check sleeve 2012 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side of the second pipeline 202; four first sealing rings 2013 are installed on the inner side of the first check sleeve 2012; the lower sides of the two linkage rods 209 are connected with the linkage assembly; four long holes are formed in the first check sleeve 2012 in a circular array, the four long holes are respectively aligned with the four oil pumping pipes 206, three small holes are formed in centripetal sides of the four long holes and communicated with a channel in the middle of the first check sleeve 2012, and the three groups of small holes are respectively positioned above the three first sealing rings 2013 below; rubber rings are arranged at the upper ends of the four oil pumping pipes 206; the round holes are formed in the front part of the lower side and the rear part of the lower side of the second pipeline 202.

The linkage assembly comprises a second check sleeve 301, a second sealing ring 302, a first guide rail 303, a first rack 304, a first linkage block 305, a linkage ring 306, a ball 307, a magnet 308, a first limiting block 309 and a second limiting block 3010; a second grid retaining sleeve 301 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner side of the first pipeline 2; four second sealing rings 302 are uniformly arranged in the second grid spacer sleeve 301; a first guide rail 303 is welded at the left part and the right part of the inner side of the first pipeline 2; a first rack 304 is connected to each of the two first guide rails 303 in a sliding manner; a first linkage block 305 is welded on the lower opposite sides of the two first racks 304; a linkage ring 306 is welded between the two first linkage blocks 305; the inner wall of the linkage ring 306 is rotatably connected with three balls 307; the three balls 307 are distributed in a circular array, the inner wall of the linkage ring 306 is fixedly connected with three magnets 308, the three magnets 308 are distributed in a circular array, the magnets 308 are alnico magnets which are high temperature resistant and used for preventing the magnets 308 from losing magnetism and affecting normal work due to overhigh temperature of the Christmas tree, and the three magnets 308 and the three balls 307 are arranged in a crossed manner; two first limiting blocks 309 are fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the first pipeline 2, and the upper sides of the two first limiting blocks 309 are both contacted with the lower end of the linkage ring 306; a second limiting block 3010 is fixedly connected to the front part and the rear part of the upper side of the first pipeline 2; the upper side of the first rack 304 is welded with the lower side of the linkage rod 209; the first rack 304 is connected to the first pressing assembly.

The first pressurizing assembly comprises a second connecting block 401, a sleeve rod 402, a spline shaft 403, a first straight gear 404, a third connecting block 405, a second guide rail 406, a second rack 407, a second linkage block 408, a first limiting rod 409, a first spring 4010, a second piston 4011, a second cylinder 4012, a third pipeline 4013, a first one-way valve 4014, a fourth pipeline 4015 and a second straight gear 4016; a second connecting block 401 is welded at the right part of the upper side of the first pipeline 2; a loop bar 402 is rotatably connected between the second connecting block 401 and the first cylinder 5; the left end of the loop bar 402 is fixedly connected with a second straight gear 4016, and the second straight gear 4016 is meshed with the first rack 304; a spline shaft 403 is connected to the right part of the loop bar 402 in a sliding manner; a first straight gear 404 is fixedly connected to the right end of the spline shaft 403; a third connecting block 405 is welded at the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder 5; a second guide rail 406 is welded on the front side of the third connecting block 405; a second rack 407 is slidably connected to the second rail 406; the second rack 407 meshes with the first straight gear 404; a second linkage block 408 is welded at the upper end of the second rack 407, and the upper surface of the second linkage block 408 is arranged as a frustum; the left side and the right side of the second linkage block 408 are both connected with a first limiting rod 409 in a sliding manner; the lower ends of the two first limiting rods 409 are welded with first springs 4010; the upper ends of the two first springs 4010 are welded with the second linkage block 408, and the two first springs 4010 are respectively sleeved on the two first limiting rods 409; a second piston 4011 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first limiting rods 409, a through hole is formed in the middle of the second piston 4011, and a frustum of the second linkage block 408 is matched with the through hole of the second piston 4011; the middle part of the right side of the first cylinder 5 is welded with a second cylinder 4012; the second cylinder 4012 is slidably connected to the second piston 4011; the upper side of the second cylinder 4012 is communicated with a third pipeline 4013; the left end of the third pipeline 4013 is communicated with a first one-way valve 4014; the output end of the first one-way valve 4014 is communicated with a fourth pipeline 4015; the left end of the fourth pipeline 4015 is communicated with the first cylinder 5; the middle of the upper side of the second linkage block 408 is provided with a protrusion, the middle of the second piston 4011 is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is aligned with the protrusion.

The balance assembly comprises a third cylinder 501, a second limit rod 502, a second spring 503, a third piston 504 and a third link block 505; a third cylinder 501 is connected to the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder 5 in a penetrating way; a second limiting rod 502 is connected inside the third cylinder 501 in a sliding manner; a second spring 503 is welded at the right end of the second limiting rod 502; the left end of a second spring 503 is welded with the third cylinder 501, and the second spring 503 is sleeved on the second limiting rod 502; the left end of the second limiting rod 502 is fixedly connected with a third piston 504; the third piston 504 is slidably connected with the third cylinder 501; the middle part of the second limiting rod 502 is welded with a third link block 505; the rear side of the third link block 505 is rotatably connected with the spline shaft 403.

The second oil drainage assembly comprises a fifth pipeline 701, a connecting ring 702, a third limiting rod 703, a fourth piston 704, a third spring 705, a sixth pipeline 706, an electric valve 707, a seventh pipeline 708, a containing box 709, an eighth pipeline 7010, a hand-screwed valve 7011 and a ninth pipeline 7012; a fifth pipeline 701 is communicated with the front part of the lower side of the first pipeline 2; a connecting ring 702 is welded on the inner side of the fifth pipeline 701; two third limiting rods 703 are welded on the front side of the connecting ring 702; a fourth piston 704 is connected to the two third limiting rods 703 in a sliding manner; a third spring 705 is welded at the front ends of the two third limiting rods 703; the rear ends of the two third springs 705 are welded with the fourth piston 704; the two third springs 705 are respectively sleeved on the two third limiting rods 703, a sixth pipeline 706 is communicated with the lower side of the fifth pipeline 701, and the sixth pipeline 706 is positioned behind the connecting ring 702; an electric valve 707 is communicated with the lower side of the sixth pipeline 706; a seventh pipeline 708 is communicated with the lower side of the electric valve 707; a containing box 709 is welded at the lower part of the outer side of the first pipeline 2; the seventh pipe 708 is communicated with the storage box 709; an eighth pipeline 7010 is communicated with the lower part of the left side of the storage box 709; a hand-screwed valve 7011 is communicated with the left side of the eighth pipeline 7010; a ninth pipeline 7012 is communicated with the left side of the hand-screwed valve 7011.

Firstly, the oil recovery pipeline is communicated with a fifth pipeline 701, during oil extraction, the oil extraction machine drives the sucker rod 7 to reciprocate up and down to pump oil in an oil field to an oil extraction tree, in the process, the sucker rod 7 reciprocates up and down in the four second sealing rings 302, the four second sealing rings 302 are always in contact with the sucker rod 7, so that the upper end port of the oil extraction tree is sealed by matching with the second check sleeve 301 to prevent the oil from flowing upwards to the upper side of the second check sleeve 301, when the sucker rod 7 moves upwards, because the three magnets 308 are spaced from the sucker rod 7 by a larger magnetic force, the sucker rod 7 drives the three magnets 308 to move upwards, the three magnets 308 simultaneously drive the linkage ring 306 to move upwards, the linkage ring 306 drives the two first linkage blocks 305 to move upwards, the two first linkage blocks 305 respectively drive the two first racks 304 to move upwards, so that the two first racks 304 respectively slide upwards on the two first guide rails 303, the first rack 304 located at the right side drives the second straight gear 4016 to rotate, the second straight gear 4016 drives the loop bar 402 to rotate, the loop bar 402 drives the spline shaft 403 to rotate, the spline shaft 403 drives the first straight gear 404 to rotate, so that the first straight gear 404 drives the second rack 407 to slide upwards on the second guide rail 406, the second rack 407 drives the second linkage block 408 to move upwards, due to the large friction force between the second piston 4011 and the second cylinder 4012, the second piston 4011 keeps static, the second linkage block 408 slides upwards on the two first limiting rods 409 and stretches the two first springs 4010, the second linkage block 408 continues to be inserted upwards to the inner side of the second piston 4011, so that a sealed cavity is formed between the second piston 4011 and the second cylinder 4012, then the second linkage block 408 continues to move upwards to push the second piston 4011 to move upwards, so as to extrude the air in the cavity at the upper part of the second cylinder 4012 into the third pipeline 4013, then the air flows into the first cylinder 5 through the first one-way valve 4014 and the fourth pipeline 4015 in sequence, so that the air pressure in the first cylinder 5 is increased, the first one-way valve 4014 is used for preventing the high-pressure air in the first cylinder 5 from flowing back to the second cylinder 4012, because the stroke of the up-and-down movement of the sucker rod 7 is long, when the linkage ring 306 moves upwards to contact with the two second limiting blocks 3010, the two second limiting blocks 3010 simultaneously block and limit the linkage ring 306, so that the linkage ring 306 is kept static, and the sucker rod 7 continues to move upwards, in the process, the sucker rod 7 drives the three balls 307 to roll, the rolling of the three balls 307 is used for replacing the friction between the sucker rod 7 and the linkage ring 306, so as to avoid the abrasion between the linkage ring 306 and the sucker rod 7, when the sucker rod 7 moves downwards, the sucker rod 7 drives the three magnets 308 to move downwards, so that the three magnets 308 simultaneously drive the linkage ring 306 to move downwards, so that the first rack 304 moves downwards, the first straight gear 404 reversely rotates to drive the second rack 407 to move downwards, the second rack 407 drives the second linkage block 408 to move downwards to be far away from the second piston 4011, then the second linkage block 408 drives the second piston 4011 to move downwards through the two first limiting rods 409 and the first spring 4010, in the process, the second linkage block 408 and the second piston 4011 are in a separated state, so that natural air flows into the second cylinder 4012 through a gap between the second linkage block 408 and the second piston 4011, and air is supplemented into the second cylinder 4012, because the stroke of the up-and-down movement of the linkage ring 7 is long, the linkage ring 306 keeps still after contacting the two first limiting rods 309 when moving downwards, so that the linkage ring 306 is driven to perform the up-and-down reciprocating movement with a short stroke through the long-stroke sucker rod 7, so that the second rack 407 performs the up-and-down reciprocating movement, and further the second cylinder 4012 continuously fills air into the first cylinder 5, the first cylinder 5 is in a high-pressure state, the upper port of the Christmas tree is further sealed through high-pressure gas, the sealing effect is improved, the sucker rod 7 reciprocates up and down all the time in the oil extraction process, when the air pressure in the first cylinder 5 reaches a rated value, the high-pressure gas in the first cylinder 5 pushes the third piston 504 to move, the third piston 504 drives the second limiting rod 502 to slide rightwards in the third cylinder 501, the second spring 503 is compressed, the second limiting rod 502 drives the third link block 505 to move rightwards, the third link block 505 drives the spline shaft 403 to slide rightwards, the spline shaft 403 drives the first straight gear 404 to be far away from the second rack 407, and therefore the second 401cylinder 2 stops injecting air into the first cylinder 5; when the pressure of the oil in the Christmas tree is suddenly increased, the oil can rush into a cavity formed by the first cylinder 5 and the first pipeline 2, at the moment, the pressure in the first cylinder 5 is further increased, so that the high-pressure oil pushes the fourth piston 704 to move, the fourth piston 704 moves forwards on the two third limiting rods 703 and compresses the two third springs 705, the fourth piston 704 is continuously separated forwards from the connecting ring 702, then the oil flows into the oil recovery pipeline through the gap between the fourth piston 704 and the connecting ring 702 to avoid the direct leakage of the oil to the ground, the pressure in the first cylinder 5 is gradually restored after the pressure of the oil in the Christmas tree is kept stable, then the two third springs 705 drive the fourth piston 704 to move backwards to the original position, so that the fourth piston 704 and the connecting ring 702 are sealed again to the fifth pipeline 701, at the moment, part of the oil still remains in the first pipeline 2 and the fifth pipeline 701, the electric valve 707 is opened, the residual oil flows into the storage box 709 through the sixth pipeline 706, the electric valve 707 and the seventh pipeline 708 in sequence, the storage box 709 collects the residual oil, then the storage barrel is manually placed below the ninth pipeline 7012, then the hand-screwed valve 7011 is unscrewed, the oil in the storage box 709 flows into the storage barrel through the eighth pipeline 7010, the hand-screwed valve 7011 and the ninth pipeline 7012 in sequence, and then the valve 7011 is closed; when oil can flow into a cavity formed by the first cylinder 5 and the first pipeline 2, the position of the sucker rod 7 in the first cylinder 5 can be contaminated with oil, the sucker rod 7 drives the oil to move upwards and then is sequentially scraped by the four first sealing rings 2013, the scraped oil remains in three cavities formed by the four first sealing rings 2013 and the first check sleeve 2012, then when the sucker rod 7 moves upwards again, the operations are repeated, so that the two first racks 304 move upwards, the two first racks 304 move upwards to respectively drive the two linkage rods 209 to move upwards, the two linkage rods 209 respectively slide upwards in the two sleeves 208, the two linkage rods 209 slide upwards to drive the first piston 2010 to move upwards, and the oil pumping cylinder 205 is kept static due to the larger damping between the damping slide rail 203 and the damping slide block 204, so that the first piston 2010 slides upwards in the oil pumping cylinder 205, then pushing out the gas in the pumping barrel 205 through the four oil pumping pipes 206, the pushed air flowing into the first cylinder 5 through the second pipeline 202, the first piston 2010 continuing to move upwards after contacting the inner upper wall of the pumping barrel 205, thereby driving the pumping barrel 205 to move upwards, the pumping barrel 205 driving the two damping sliders 204 to slide upwards on the adjacent damping slide rails 203, the pumping barrel 205 driving the four oil pumping pipes 206 to be respectively inserted into the four long holes of the first check sleeve 2012, then the pumping rod 7 moving downwards, according to the above operation, the two first racks 304 moving upwards, and the two first racks 304 moving upwards driving the adjacent linkage rods 209 to move downwards, the two linkage rods 209 driving the first piston 2010 to move downwards, because of the larger damping existing between the damping slide rails 203 and the damping sliders 204, the pumping barrel 205 is kept static, thereby making the first piston 2010 sliding downwards in the pumping barrel 205, so that a larger negative pressure is formed in the pumping barrel 205, one side of the oil remaining in the three cavities flows into the pumping barrel 205 through the twelve small holes of the first check sleeve 2012, the four long holes of the first check sleeve 2012 and the four oil pumping pipes 206, then the first piston 2010 moves downwards to contact with the two fourth limiting rings 2011, then the oil flows out into the first cylinder 5 through the through hole at the lower part of the pumping barrel 205, and is finally collected through the containing box 709, then the first piston 2010 pushes the two fourth limiting rings 2011 to move downwards, the two fourth limiting rings 2011 simultaneously drive the pumping barrel 205 to move downwards, so that the pumping barrel 205 moves downwards to return to the original position, thereby avoiding the oil in the three cavities from flowing out from the upper end port of the second pipeline 202 to pollute the environment, during use, the high-pressure oil is automatically discharged and collected when the oil pressure in the oil extraction tree suddenly rises, and the tree is automatically sealed after the oil pressure is kept stable, avoid high-pressure oil to directly flow out, will remain scraping off and collecting on sucker rod 7 automatically simultaneously, avoid remaining the oil and spill over to the production tree surface, get rid of the cleaning process, raise the efficiency, the effectual problem of environmental pollution of having avoided simultaneously, reduce the wasting of resources, sucker rod 7 that utilizes up-and-down reciprocating motion simultaneously drives first pressure subassembly and pressurizes first drum 5, improve the sealed effect to the production tree, and avoided the too high phenomenon of pressure in first drum 5.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 14, the apparatus further includes a second pressurizing assembly, the second pressurizing assembly is installed on the front side of the first cylinder 5, and the second pressurizing assembly includes an air pump 801, a tenth pipe 802, a second one-way valve 803, and an eleventh pipe 804; the middle part of the front side of the first cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with an air pump 801; the output end of the air pump 801 is communicated with a tenth pipeline 802; the upper side of the tenth pipeline 802 is communicated with a second one-way valve 803; the output end of the second one-way valve 803 is communicated with an eleventh pipeline 804; the eleventh pipe 804 is in communication with the first cylinder 5 at an upper side thereof.

When oil extraction operation is started, the sucker rod 7 needs to run for a period of time to enable the air pressure in the first cylinder 5 to reach a rated value, the air pump 801 is started, the air pump 801 starts to run, so that outside air flows into the first cylinder 5 sequentially through the air pump 801, the tenth pipeline 802, the second one-way valve 803 and the eleventh pipeline 804, the air pressure in the first cylinder 5 is increased, the time for the air pressure of the first cylinder 5 to reach the rated value is shortened during use, and the efficiency is greatly improved.

While the disclosure has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that various other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage comprises a first flange (1), a first pipeline (2), a second flange (3), a third flange (4), a first cylinder (5) and a fourth flange (6); a first pipeline (2) is connected with the inner part of the first flange (1) in a threaded manner; the upper part of the outer side of the first pipeline (2) is in threaded connection with a second flange (3); a third flange (4) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second flange (3); the inner side of the third flange (4) is in threaded connection with the first pipeline (2); a first cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the third flange (4); a fourth flange (6) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first cylinder (5); the oil drainage device is characterized by also comprising a first oil drainage component, a linkage component, a first pressurizing component, a balancing component and a second oil drainage component; a first oil drainage component for preventing residual oil from overflowing is arranged on the upper side of the fourth flange (6); the first oil drainage assembly is connected with the first cylinder (5); a linkage assembly for acquiring power from the sucker rod (7) is arranged on the inner side of the first pipeline (2); the linkage assembly is in contact with the first oil drainage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder (5) are respectively provided with a first pressurizing assembly for pressurizing the first cylinder (5); the two first pressurizing assemblies are connected with the linkage assembly; the left side and the right side of the first cylinder (5) are respectively provided with a balance component for keeping the pressure in the first cylinder (5) balanced, and the two balance components are respectively positioned at the front sides of the two first pressurizing components; a second oil drainage component for preventing high-pressure oil from flowing out is arranged on the lower side of the first pipeline (2);

the first oil drainage component comprises a fifth flange (201), a second pipeline (202), a damping slide rail (203), a damping slide block (204), an oil pumping barrel (205), an oil pumping pipe (206), a first connecting block (207), a sleeve (208), a linkage rod (209), a first piston (2010), a fourth limiting ring (2011), a first check sleeve (2012) and a first sealing ring (2013); a fifth flange (201) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fourth flange (6); a second pipeline (202) is connected to the inner side of the fifth flange (201) in a threaded manner; the second pipeline (202) is in threaded connection with the fourth flange (6); two damping slide rails (203) are mounted at the lower part of the inner side of the second pipeline (202); the two damping slide rails (203) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and a damping slide block (204) is connected to each damping slide rail (203) in a sliding manner; an oil pumping cylinder (205) is fixedly connected between the two damping sliding blocks (204); the upper side of the oil pumping cylinder (205) is communicated with four oil pumping pipes (206); two first connecting blocks (207) are fixedly connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the first cylinder (5); the two first connecting blocks (207) are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode, and a sleeve (208) is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two first connecting blocks (207); a linkage rod (209) is connected in the two sleeves (208) in a sliding way; the upper ends of the two linkage rods (209) are fixedly connected with a first piston (2010); the first piston (2010) is connected with the oil pumping cylinder (205) in a sliding way; two fourth limiting rings (2011) are fixedly connected with the lower side of the oil pumping cylinder (205); the upper sides of the two fourth limiting rings (2011) are both in contact with the first piston (2010); a first check sleeve (2012) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side of the second pipeline (202); four first sealing rings (2013) are installed on the inner side of the first check sleeve (2012).

2. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 1, wherein the first lattice sleeve (2012) is provided with four long holes, the four long holes are distributed in a circular array, the four long holes are respectively aligned with the four oil pumping pipes (206), the centripetal sides of the four long holes are provided with three small holes communicated with the middle channel of the first lattice sleeve (2012), and the three groups of small holes are respectively positioned above the lower three first sealing rings (2013).

3. A christmas tree wellhead seal against crude oil leakage according to claim 1, wherein rubber rings are provided on the upper ends of the four oil extraction pipes (206).

4. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 1, wherein the lower side of the oil pumping cylinder (205) is provided with a plurality of through holes.

5. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 1, wherein the linkage assembly comprises a second lattice blocking sleeve (301), a second sealing ring (302), a first guide rail (303), a first rack (304), a first linkage block (305), a linkage ring (306), a ball (307), a magnet (308), a first limiting block (309) and a second limiting block (3010); a second grid retaining sleeve (301) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner side of the first pipeline (2); four second sealing rings (302) are uniformly arranged in the second grid blocking sleeve (301); a first guide rail (303) is fixedly connected to the left part and the right part of the inner side of the first pipeline (2); a first rack (304) is connected to each of the two first guide rails (303) in a sliding manner; the lower opposite sides of the two first racks (304) are fixedly connected with a first linkage block (305); a linkage ring (306) is fixedly connected between the two first linkage blocks (305); the inner wall of the linkage ring (306) is rotatably connected with three balls (307); the three balls (307) are distributed in a circular array, the inner wall of the linkage ring (306) is fixedly connected with three magnets (308), the three magnets (308) are distributed in a circular array, the magnets (308) are alnico magnets, and the three magnets (308) and the three balls (307) are arranged in a crossed manner; two first limiting blocks (309) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipeline (2), and the upper sides of the two first limiting blocks (309) are both contacted with the lower end of the linkage ring (306); a second limiting block (3010) is fixedly connected to the front part of the upper side and the rear part of the upper side of the first pipeline (2); the upper side of the first rack (304) is fixedly connected with a linkage rod (209); a first rack (304) is coupled to the first compression assembly.

6. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 5, wherein the first pressurizing assembly comprises a second connecting block (401), a sleeve rod (402), a spline shaft (403), a first straight gear (404), a third connecting block (405), a second guide rail (406), a second rack (407), a second linkage block (408), a first limiting rod (409), a first spring (4010), a second piston (4011), a second cylinder (4012), a third pipeline (4013), a first one-way valve (4014), a fourth pipeline (4015) and a second straight gear (4016); a second connecting block (401) is fixedly connected to the right part of the upper side of the first pipeline (2); a loop bar (402) is rotatably connected between the second connecting block (401) and the first cylinder (5); the left end of the loop bar (402) is fixedly connected with a second straight gear (4016), and the second straight gear 4016 is meshed with the first rack (304); a spline shaft (403) is connected to the right part of the loop bar (402) in a sliding manner; a first straight gear (404) is fixedly connected to the right end of the spline shaft (403); a third connecting block (405) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder (5); a second guide rail (406) is fixedly connected to the front side of the third connecting block (405); a second rack (407) is connected on the second guide rail (406) in a sliding manner; the second rack (407) is meshed with the first straight gear (404); a second linkage block (408) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rack (407), and the upper surface of the second linkage block (408) is arranged as a frustum; the left side and the right side of the second linkage block (408) are both connected with a first limiting rod (409) in a sliding way; the lower ends of the two first limiting rods (409) are fixedly connected with a first spring (4010); the upper ends of the two first springs (4010) are fixedly connected with the second linkage block (408), and the two first springs 4010 are respectively sleeved on the two first limiting rods 409; a second piston (4011) is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first limiting rods (409), a through hole is formed in the middle of the second piston (4011), and a frustum of the second linkage block (408) is matched with the through hole of the second piston (4011); the middle part of the right side of the first cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with a second cylinder (4012); the second cylinder (4012) is slidably connected with the second piston (4011); a third pipeline (4013) is communicated with the upper side of the second cylinder (4012); the left end of the third pipeline (4013) is communicated with a first one-way valve (4014); the output end of the first one-way valve (4014) is communicated with a fourth pipeline (4015); the left end of the fourth pipeline (4015) is communicated with the first cylinder (5); a spline shaft (403) is connected with the balance assembly.

7. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage of claim 6, wherein the second linkage block (408) is provided with a bulge at the middle of the upper side, the second piston (4011) is provided with a cavity at the middle, and the cavity is aligned with the bulge.

8. A Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 6, wherein the balancing assembly comprises a third cylinder (501), a second limiting rod (502), a second spring (503), a third piston (504) and a third linkage block (505); a third cylinder (501) is connected to the lower part of the right side of the first cylinder (5) in a penetrating way; a second limiting rod (502) is connected inside the third cylinder (501) in a sliding manner; a second spring (503) is fixedly connected at the right end of the second limiting rod (502); the left end of a second spring (503) is fixedly connected with a third cylinder (501), and the second spring (503) is sleeved on a second limiting rod (502); the left end of the second limiting rod (502) is fixedly connected with a third piston (504); the third piston (504) is connected with the third cylinder (501) in a sliding way; a third linkage block (505) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second limiting rod (502); the rear side of the third linkage block (505) is rotationally connected with the spline shaft (403).

9. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 8, wherein the second oil drainage component comprises a fifth pipeline (701), a connecting ring (702), a third limiting rod (703), a fourth piston (704), a third spring (705), a sixth pipeline (706), an electric valve (707), a seventh pipeline (708), a containing box (709), an eighth pipeline (7010), a hand-screwed valve (7011) and a ninth pipeline (7012); a fifth pipeline (701) is communicated with the front part of the lower side of the first pipeline (2); a connecting ring (702) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fifth pipeline (701); two third limiting rods (703) are fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting ring (702); a fourth piston (704) is connected to the two third limiting rods (703) in a sliding manner; the front ends of the two third limiting rods (703) are fixedly connected with a third spring (705); the rear ends of the two third springs (705) are fixedly connected with the fourth piston (704), and the two third springs (705) are respectively sleeved on the two third limiting rods (703); a sixth pipeline (706) is communicated with the lower side of the fifth pipeline (701), and the sixth pipeline (706) is positioned behind the connecting ring (702); an electric valve (707) is communicated with the lower side of the sixth pipeline (706); a seventh pipeline (708) is communicated with the lower side of the electric valve (707); a containing box (709) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the outer side of the first pipeline (2); the seventh pipeline (708) is communicated with the containing box (709); an eighth pipeline (7010) is communicated with the lower part of the left side of the containing box (709); a hand-screwed valve (7011) is communicated with the left side of the eighth pipeline (7010); the left side of the hand-screwed valve (7011) is communicated with a ninth pipeline (7012).

10. The Christmas tree wellhead sealing device for preventing crude oil leakage according to claim 1, further comprising a second pressurizing assembly, wherein the second pressurizing assembly is installed on the front side of the first cylinder (5), and comprises an air pump (801), a tenth pipeline (802), a second one-way valve (803) and an eleventh pipeline (804); an air pump (801) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the front side of the first cylinder (5); the output end of the air pump (801) is communicated with a tenth pipeline (802); the upper side of the tenth pipeline (802) is communicated with a second one-way valve (803); an eleventh pipeline (804) is communicated with the output end of the second one-way valve (803); the upper side of the eleventh pipeline (804) is communicated with the first cylinder (5).