CN114959521B - Multi-time high-temperature short-time solution heat treatment method for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Multi-time high-temperature short-time solution heat treatment method for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114959521B CN114959521B CN202210381637.4A CN202210381637A CN114959521B CN 114959521 B CN114959521 B CN 114959521B CN 202210381637 A CN202210381637 A CN 202210381637A CN 114959521 B CN114959521 B CN 114959521B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a method for carrying out multiple high-temperature short-time solution heat treatment on an Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps: 1) Primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment: directly heating the aluminum die casting to 480-500 ℃ by a high-frequency induction coil heating mode, preserving heat for 0.5-2min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment; 2) And (3) carrying out secondary and multiple high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment: carrying out secondary or multiple times of same high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment according to the undissolved phase solid solution condition on the quenched sample subjected to the primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment; 3) And aging the quenched sample subjected to the multiple high-temperature short-time solution treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 170 ℃, preserving the heat for 420min, and discharging the casting and cooling to room temperature. The solution heat treatment process of the Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy has the following advantages: 1. the invention is simple in heat treatment process for the Al-Si-Cu die casting and easy to realize industrial production; 2. the heat treatment process of the Al-Si-Cu die casting can avoid bubbling and simultaneously can greatly improve the mechanical property of the casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a solution heat treatment method for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy.
Background
In order to reduce the exhaust emission of the automobile and improve the endurance mileage of the new energy automobile, the weight reduction of the automobile becomes the development trend of the whole industry. Among them, the use of aluminum alloy instead of conventional steel becomes one of the important measures for the weight reduction of automobiles. The die-casting molding process has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, high production efficiency, high material utilization rate, excellent mechanical property, good economic benefit of mass production and the like, and has been widely used for molding automobile parts. Therefore, the production of the aluminum alloy automobile structural part by adopting the die casting process has important significance for automobile weight and emission reduction. The solution treatment mainly aims at dissolving alloy elements into an aluminum matrix so as to separate out nano strengthening phases in the subsequent aging stage to strengthen the alloy. Theoretically, on the premise of not causing serious growth of metal grains, the higher the solid solution temperature is, the longer the solid solution time is, the more thorough the solid solution of alloy elements is, and the stronger the subsequent aging precipitation strengthening effect is. However, due to the characteristics of gas coiling and residual stress in the high-speed die casting process, the conventional aluminum alloy die castings are easy to cause serious bubbling and deformation in the high-temperature long-time solution heat treatment stage, so that the application of the solution heat treatment process of the aluminum die castings is limited. In order to reduce bubbling and deformation induced during the solid solution stage of die castings, the following patents disclose the following solid solution methods:
chinese patent CN201510437740.6 is treated by staged heating high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment and then liquid nitrogen deep cooling treatment so as to enhance the effect of subsequent aging treatment;
chinese patent CN201910943623.5 realizes heat treatment strengthening of die-casting aluminum alloy through sectional solid solution, staged quenching and multistage aging;
the Chinese patent No. CN201910227173.X reduces the occurrence of bubbling phenomenon of aluminum castings through a low-temperature solution heat treatment process.
The Chinese patent CN 201910419250.1 realizes the reinforcement of the aluminum casting by a composite heat treatment process of 200-220 ℃/3-5 h-550-580 ℃/3-6 h-180-200 ℃/7-8 h.
The short-time solid solution time described by the patent technology is more than 30 minutes, and the defects of complex process, high cost and low production efficiency exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to develop a novel solution heat treatment process to realize strengthening and toughening of die-casting aluminum alloy, and provides a solution heat treatment method for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention discloses a method for carrying out multiple high-temperature short-time solution heat treatment on an Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment: heating the aluminum die casting to 480-500 ℃ in a preset heating mode, preserving heat for 0.5-2min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment;
step S2, carrying out high-temperature short-time solution treatment for two or more times: carrying out secondary or multiple times of same high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment according to the undissolved phase solid solution condition on the quenched sample subjected to the primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment;
and S3, aging treatment is carried out on the quenching sample subjected to the multiple times of high-temperature short-time solution treatment, the aging temperature is 170 ℃, the temperature is kept for 420min, and the casting is discharged from the furnace and cooled to the room temperature.
As a preferred embodiment, the heating mode is direct heating of the high-frequency induction coil.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature precision of the high-temperature short-time solution treatment is controlled to be +/-3 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is simple in heat treatment process for the Al-Si-Cu die casting and easy to realize industrial production;
2. the heat treatment process of the Al-Si-Cu die casting can avoid bubbling and simultaneously can greatly improve the mechanical property of the casting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment process of a die-cast aluminum alloy according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of microstructure of Al-Si-Cu die-cast aluminum alloy in the 480 ℃ solid solution process of the invention, a, die cast state, b, 480 ℃/2min,1 time, c, 480 ℃/0.5min,2 times, d, 480 ℃/0.5min,4 times;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of microstructure of Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy in 500 ℃ solid solution process of the invention, a, die casting state, b, 500-2 min, c, 500-0.5 min,2 times, d, 500-0.5 min,4 times.
Detailed Description
The above and further technical features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The Al-14Si-4Cu-0.4Mg aluminum alloy material is subjected to conventional high-pressure die casting to prepare the automobile cylinder part with the basic wall thickness of 2.5 mm. The aluminum alloy automobile structural part is subjected to heat treatment, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) Placing the Al-Si-Cu die casting into a high-frequency induction heating coil, rapidly heating to 480 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5min; then taking out and carrying out water quenching treatment;
2) The die casting is placed in a high-frequency induction heating coil again, the temperature is quickly raised to 480 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5min; then carrying out water quenching treatment;
3) And (3) aging the casting at 170 ℃ for 7 hours.
Example 2
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 except that the number of high-temperature short-time solid-solution times was increased to 3.
Example 3
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 except that the number of high-temperature short-time solid-solution times was increased to 4.
Example 4
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 except that the number of high-temperature short-time solid-solution times was increased to 5.
Example 5
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 except that the number of high-temperature short-time solid-solution times was increased to 6.
Example 6
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy was carried out in the same manner as in example 1, except that the high-temperature short-time solid solution time was increased to 2min and the number of solid solutions was increased to 3.
Example 7
A heat treatment process for Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy is carried out in the same manner as in example 3, except that the high-temperature short-time solid solution temperature is increased to 500 ℃.
Comparative example 1
A heat treatment process of an Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the Al-Si-Cu die casting in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 480 ℃ at a heating rate of 25 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3min; and then carrying out water quenching treatment.
2) And (3) aging the casting at 170 ℃ for 7 hours.
Comparative example 2
A heat treatment process of an Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the Al-Si-Cu die casting in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 25 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3min; and then carrying out water quenching treatment.
2) And (3) aging the casting at 170 ℃ for 7 hours.
The Rockwell hardness and porosity of the above examples and comparative examples are compared with those shown in Table 1, wherein the hardness values are measured at five points in different areas, and the average value is taken (the Brinell hardness test is that a quenched steel ball with the diameter of 2.5mm is pressed into the surface of a tested sample under the test load of 62.5N, the surface is unloaded after the test is kept for 15 seconds, the indentation diameter of the surface is measured, the hardness value is calculated according to a corresponding formula, five different positions on the surface of the sample are taken for each test, the Brinell hardness is measured, and the average value of the hardness is taken after the maximum and minimum values are removed); the porosity statistics is obtained by taking five metallographic pictures with the multiple of 50 for different areas and carrying out porosity statistics through Image J software.
TABLE 1 Brinell hardness and porosity comparison of castings corresponding to different heat treatment processes
| Different heat treatment processes | Brinell hardness of | Porosity (%) |
| As-cast state | 107 | 0.12 |
| Comparative example 1 | 115 | 0.47 |
| Example 1 | 120 | 0.12 |
| Example 2 | 125 | 0.14 |
| Example 3 | 128 | 0.20 |
| Example 4 | 136 | 0.27 |
| Example 5 | 137 | 0.29 |
| Comparative example 2 | 116 | 0.65 |
| Example 6 | 130 | 0.31 |
| Example 7 | 148 | 0.40 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the effect of the multiple high-temperature short-time solid solution process is remarkable when comparing the as-cast aluminum piece with the direct solid solution treatment, and particularly, the hardness value is greatly improved on the premise of effectively reducing the porosity.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to be limiting. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that many variations, modifications, and even equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The method for carrying out multiple high-temperature short-time solution heat treatment on the Al-Si-Cu die-casting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment: heating the aluminum die casting to 480-500 ℃ in a preset heating mode, preserving heat for 0.5-2min, and then carrying out water quenching treatment;
step S2, carrying out high-temperature short-time solution treatment for two or more times: carrying out secondary or multiple times of same high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment according to the undissolved phase solid solution condition on the quenched sample subjected to the primary high-temperature short-time solid solution treatment;
step S3, aging the quenched sample subjected to multiple times of high-temperature short-time solution treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 170 ℃, the temperature is kept for 420min, the casting is discharged from the furnace and cooled to the room temperature,
the heating mode is that the high-frequency induction coil is directly heated, and the temperature precision of the high-temperature short-time solution treatment is controlled to be +/-3 ℃.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521378A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 东南大学 | Energy-saving efficient heat treatment method for aluminum, silicon and magnesium alloy die castings |
| CN110306136A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing method of high-alloying aluminium alloy thin plate high yield |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521378A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 东南大学 | Energy-saving efficient heat treatment method for aluminum, silicon and magnesium alloy die castings |
| CN110306136A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing method of high-alloying aluminium alloy thin plate high yield |
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