CN114957888B - PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
- C08J2201/0504—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being aqueous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/042—Nanopores, i.e. the average diameter being smaller than 0,1 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2327/16—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2427/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
Abstract
The utility model discloses a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film and preparation method thereof, prepare through mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, superfine polytetrafluoroethylene powder, calcium fluoride powder, titanium white powder, polyurethane resin, solvent and grind and obtain casting thick liquids, prepare casting thick liquids, substrate material through special casting cylinder technology and obtain the radiation film that has the multiscale hole structure that use intensity is excellent, effectively solve among the radiation refrigeration technique have the technology complicated, the radiation refrigeration effect is limited, manufacturing cost is higher, the refrigeration material has certain harm to the environment scheduling problem, effectively improve radiation film's positive light reflectance, the radiance, promote radiation film cooling effect, reduce manufacturing cost, reduce environmental pollution, can realize industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of radiation refrigeration, in particular to a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As greenhouse gas emissions increase, global extremes are exacerbated. And the traditional refrigeration equipment represented by the air conditioner consumes a great amount of energy, and increases the emission of greenhouse gases. In addition, the refrigerant in the air conditioner may also cause damage to the atmosphere. There is therefore a need for efficient and clean refrigeration, which has been solved to some extent by scientists in recent years by studying the "atmospheric window" using radiant refrigeration technology.
The radiation refrigeration is a novel refrigeration technology for realizing cooling through spectrum regulation, so that the material can realize high reflectivity in the wave band of 0.3-2.5 mu m under the radiation of the sun, and can avoid being heated by sunlight. Meanwhile, the infrared radiation window of the atmosphere, namely the wave band of 8-14 mu m, has very high emissivity, so that heat can be effectively radiated to the universe.
In contrast to the use of reflective films, radiant cooling films use the "atmospheric window" principle to radiate heat into the space rather than being left in the atmosphere. And by utilizing the reflecting film, only heat can be reflected into the air, and finally, the heat is still remained in the atmosphere, so that the greenhouse effect is increased.
The prior radiation refrigeration technology mainly comprises the steps of preparing a coating material by adding hollow microspheres, preparing a porous radiation refrigeration film, preparing a multi-layer composite refrigeration film and the like. However, the refrigeration technology has the problems of complex process, limited radiation refrigeration effect, high production cost and the like.
Patent CN113354911a discloses a radiation refrigerating material, a preparation method and a radiation refrigerating plate, which are prepared by mixing and stirring an organic solvent, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the radiation refrigerating material can improve the reflectivity of the material in sunlight wave bands and the emissivity of an atmospheric transmission window of 8-13 μm, simultaneously reduce the use temperature of a radiation refrigerating film in sunny days, and avoid the problems of uneven surface and larger brittleness, which are easily caused when a polymer film is prepared by a solvent volatilization method, but the addition of acetone as a solvent has a certain influence on the environment, and the addition of more vinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene increases the production cost, so that the large-scale industrial production is difficult to realize.
Patent MX2020003403A discloses compound radiation refrigeration membrane, compound radiation refrigeration membrane material and application thereof, compound radiation refrigeration membrane includes top layer, first reflection stratum and second reflection stratum, intermediate level, through the cooperation of the first cell in the first reflection stratum and the second cell in the second reflection stratum, the effect of improvement radiation refrigeration membrane, but its preparation compound radiation refrigeration membrane according to layering construction technology, multilayer structure can increase its weight, can have higher requirement and operation technology complicacy requirement high to building the support framework, the radiation cooling effect is limited and manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of complex process, limited radiation refrigeration effect, high production cost, certain harm of refrigeration materials to the environment and the like in the radiation refrigeration technology in the prior art, the solar reflectance, the radiance and the cooling effect of the radiation cooling film are improved, the production cost is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the industrial production is realized, the invention discloses a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film and a preparation method thereof.
The invention discloses a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film in a first aspect, which is prepared from the following raw materials: casting slurry and substrate material; the casting slurry includes: casting a solid slurry and a solvent; the casting solid slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer, 10-20% of polyurethane resin, 15-25% of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 10-15% of titanium dioxide and 10-15% of calcium fluoride powder;
in some embodiments of the invention, the cast solid slurry to solvent solid to liquid ratio in W/V is 1:3.1-8.2;
in some embodiments of the invention, the backing material comprises one of a lightweight fabric or a blend fabric;
in some embodiments of the invention, the lightweight and lightweight fabric is lightweight and lightweight cotton;
in some embodiments of the invention, the high molecular weight fluoropolymer comprises one of polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer;
in some embodiments of the invention, the solvent comprises one of N, N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide;
in some embodiments of the invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to a low temperature plasma treatment;
in some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder after the low-temperature plasma treatment is 1-4um;
in some embodiments of the invention, the calcium fluoride powder is subjected to a milling treatment;
in some embodiments of the invention, the titanium dioxide comprises one of anatase titanium dioxide and rutile titanium dioxide;
in some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the anatase titanium dioxide and the rutile titanium dioxide is DV5020nm-1um.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer, polyurethane resin, a solvent, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and calcium fluoride powder into a container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after dispersing treatment, then adding titanium dioxide into the container to obtain a mixture, and sequentially dispersing and grinding the mixture to prepare casting slurry;
(2) Pouring the casting slurry onto a glass plate fixed with a substrate material, scraping the casting slurry by adopting a wet film preparation device, forming a casting film on the surface of the glass plate, putting the glass plate into a container containing water, taking out the casting film, and drying to obtain the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film;
or winding the substrate material on a first roller, driving the first roller wound with the substrate material by the casting roller coated with the casting slurry on the surface to rotate, transmitting the substrate material to the casting roller to form a casting film, transmitting the casting film to a water tank along with the casting roller, and then completing dehydration and winding treatment by the casting film to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film.
In some embodiments of the invention, the specific step of step (1) comprises:
placing 30-50% by weight of high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer, 10-20% by weight of polyurethane resin, solvent, 15-25% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 10-15% by weight of calcium fluoride powder into a container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after 30-35min of dispersing treatment, then adding 10-15% by weight of titanium dioxide into the container to obtain a mixture, starting the dispersing machine again, closing the dispersing machine after 30-35min of dispersing treatment, opening a grinding machine, grinding the mixture for 30-35min, and then closing the grinding machine to obtain the casting slurry;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the specific step of step (2) includes:
pouring the casting slurry onto a glass plate fixed with a substrate material, adopting a wet film preparation device, controlling the casting thickness of the casting slurry for casting film, scraping the casting slurry at the casting temperature of 15-60 ℃, preparing a casting film, putting the glass plate with the casting film coated on the surface into a container filled with water, completely immersing the glass plate in water, performing non-solvent phase separation on the casting film and the water, standing for 20-25min, taking out the glass plate, taking out the casting film on the glass plate, and drying the casting film at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ for 30-60min to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film with the 200-600nm multi-scale hole structure;
or winding the substrate material on a first roller, driving the first roller wound with the substrate material to rotate by a casting roller, covering the surface of the casting roller with casting slurry, driving the substrate material to the casting roller, infiltrating the substrate material by the casting slurry to form a casting film, driving the casting film to the contact position of the casting roller and a water tank along with the casting roller, flushing one third of the diameter of the casting roller with the water tank water line, immersing the casting film in the water tank, performing non-solvent phase separation action on the casting film and water, driving the casting roller to rotate by a rolling roller, and dehydrating and rolling the casting film to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale hole structure.
In summary, the present application provides a three-dimensional porous radiation film of PTFE and a preparation method thereof, by adjusting and controlling the proportion of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, calcium fluoride powder, titanium white powder and polyurethane resin, the above components are synergistic, polyvinylidene fluoride can be well dissolved in a mixed system formed by the above components and a solvent, and a polymer long chain of the polyvinylidene fluoride can be well dissolved and unfolded in the mixed system, so that the three-dimensional porous radiation film has good steric stabilization effect, and is convenient to process, and the superfine polytetrafluoroethylene powder with better dispersibility after specific plasma treatment and particle size of 1-4 μm, the calcium fluoride powder after grinding treatment, and titanium white powder are uniformly dispersed in the mixed system, and the three-dimensional porous radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale pore structure can be prepared by combining a specific casting film making process. Compared with a planar coating cooling material, the three-dimensional porous radiation film prepared by the method has the advantages that the production cost is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the radiation film with a multi-scale hole structure can effectively scatter sunlight, has higher sunlight reflectivity (reaching 95.7% -96.9%) and emissivity (reaching 0.968-0.978 in a wave band of 8-14 μm), and can reflect heat back to the atmosphere in a strong sunlight period (ten am to three pm) under a long-time strong sunlight condition (sunlight time reaching three hours). The three-dimensional porous radiation film radiates heat into space by using the atmospheric window, so that the greenhouse effect caused by atmospheric re-absorption is reduced. Meanwhile, the solvent used in the invention is dissolved in the water tank in the process of immersing and phase separating the casting film, so that the problem of pollution caused by solvent volatilization in the casting film manufacturing process is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the organic solvent in the water tank can be separated and recycled, so that the production and manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and the industrial production is possible.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a roller film forming process in a tape casting film forming process according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a first roller; 2. a casting drum; 3. a water tank; 4. and a winding roller.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof.
Example 1
Firstly, placing 50 weight percent of polyvinylidene fluoride, 10 weight percent of polyurethane resin, N-dimethylformamide, 20 weight percent of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 10 weight percent of calcium fluoride powder into a container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after 30 minutes of dispersing treatment, adding 10 weight percent of titanium dioxide into the container, starting the dispersing machine again, and closing the dispersing machine after 30 minutes of dispersing treatment to obtain a mixture;
then, opening a grinder, carrying out grinding treatment on the mixture for 30min, and closing the grinder to prepare casting slurry;
and finally pouring the casting slurry onto a glass plate fixed with a substrate material, adopting a wet film preparation device, controlling the casting thickness of the casting slurry for casting film to be 500um, regulating the casting temperature to be 45 ℃, scraping the casting slurry to prepare a casting film, putting the glass plate with the casting film coated on the surface into a container filled with water, completely immersing the glass plate in water, performing non-solvent phase separation on the casting film and the water, separating out the solvent, leaving the solvent in a water tank, standing for 23min, taking out the glass plate, taking out the casting film on the glass plate, and drying the casting film at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 45min to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film.
The solid-to-liquid ratio of 50% by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride, 10% by weight of polyurethane resin, 20% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 10% by weight of titanium pigment, 10% by weight of calcium fluoride powder and N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:3.1;
the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, the particle size is DV 50.0 mu m, and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is purchased from Nanjing Tianshi new material science and technology Co., ltd;
the polyvinylidene fluoride CAS number is 24937-79-9;
the CAS number of the polyurethane resin is 9009-54-5;
the CAS number of the N, N-dimethylformamide is 68-12-2;
the calcium fluoride powder was purchased from the national drug group Shanghai test, purity specification analytical grade (AR);
the calcium fluoride powder is ground, and the particle size is DV 50.2 mu m;
the titanium dioxide is purchased from Qingdao new materials, inc., and the particle size of the rutile type titanium dioxide is DV50 nm;
the substrate material is light and thin cotton yarn 70 g/square meter.
Performance test:
tensile strength and pore diameter:
the size of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film prepared in the first embodiment is 20 x 5cm, the film thickness is 500 mu m by adopting a digital vernier caliper, the tensile strength of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is 160N by adopting a microcomputer tensile elongation testing machine of Shanghai four-brown detection equipment Co., ltd.), the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is detected by adopting a scanning electron microscope SEM, and the model of the scanning electron microscope is as follows: the temperature of Hitachi SU8010 is regulated by a Haikang infrared imaging thermometer H11, and the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is measured to be 200-600nm, which shows that the prepared three-dimensional porous radiation film has enough use strength and excellent use performance, and meanwhile, the radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale pore structure can effectively scatter sunlight, and the sunlight reflectivity and the radiation rate of the three-dimensional porous radiation film can be improved.
And (3) heat insulation and temperature reduction test:
experimental group: the three-dimensional porous radiation film is adhered to a bare color steel tile with the thickness of 0.2mm by using acrylic acid type adhesive, and the area of the color steel tile is not less than 1m 2 To eliminate marginal effects.
Color steel tiles with the same area are taken as a control group as follows:
control group 1: bare color steel tile
Control group 2: coating white paint with the same thickness as the three-dimensional porous radiation film on the bare color steel tile
Control group 3: polyurethane leather adopting acrylic acid type adhesive bonding and three-dimensional porous radiation film with same thickness
The surface temperature of the sample was measured every half an hour when placed in outdoor sunlight at the same angle, and the test results were recorded in the following table:
| sample/time | First 1 hour | 1.5 hours | For 2 hours | 2.5 hours | 3 hours |
| Experimental group | 27.7℃ | 29.7℃ | 32℃ | 34.4℃ | 36.6℃ |
| Control group 1 | 32.3℃ | 38.6℃ | 43.7℃ | 48.3℃ | 52.1℃ |
| Control group 2 | 28℃ | 30.1℃ | 32.8℃ | 35.5℃ | 37.4℃ |
| Control group 3 | 29.8℃ | 31℃ | 34.2℃ | 37.5℃ | 40.3℃ |
Test conditions:
1: the measurements were performed at equal air temperature and wind speed, selected between 10 am and 3 pm, for the time period of the sun where it was more intense.
2: the first 1 hour of data was discarded to eliminate the effect of the raw temperature history of the material.
Through tests, the radiation film with the multi-scale hole structure of 200-600nm has a good radiation cooling effect, and compared with a traditional reflection cooling mode, the radiation film has the advantage that heat is reflected back to the atmosphere. The three-dimensional porous radiation film radiates heat into space by using an atmospheric window, so that the greenhouse effect caused by atmospheric re-absorption is reduced. Meanwhile, the plastic has enough use strength and is convenient to process.
Solar reflectance and emissivity:
solar reflectance: FTIR with wave number of 400-4000cm using Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer -1 Detecting that the solar reflectance of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is 95.7%;
emissivity of: the three-dimensional porous radiation film emissivity was tested to be 0.968 in the 8-14 μm wavelength range using an FTIR dual band infrared radiation power detector with an integrating sphere.
Example two
Firstly, placing 45 weight percent of polyvinylidene fluoride, 10 weight percent of polyurethane resin, N-dimethylformamide, 25 weight percent of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 10 weight percent of calcium fluoride powder into a container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after dispersing for 32min, adding 10 weight percent of titanium dioxide into the container, starting the dispersing machine again, and closing the dispersing machine after dispersing for 32min to obtain a mixture;
then opening a grinder, grinding the mixture for 32min, and then closing the grinder to prepare casting slurry;
finally pouring the casting slurry onto a glass plate fixed with a substrate material, adopting a wet film preparation device, controlling the casting thickness of the casting slurry for casting film to be 500um, the casting temperature to be 40 ℃, scraping the casting slurry to prepare a casting film, putting the glass plate with the casting film coated on the surface into a container filled with water, completely immersing the glass plate in water, performing non-solvent phase separation on the casting film and the water, separating out the solvent, leaving the solvent in a water tank, standing for 25min, taking out the glass plate, taking out the casting film on the glass plate, and drying the casting film at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 45min to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film;
the solid-to-liquid ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the polyurethane resin, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder, the titanium pigment, the calcium fluoride powder and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride, the polyurethane resin, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder, the titanium pigment and the calcium fluoride powder are respectively 45% by weight, 10% by weight and 25% by weight, and the titanium pigment is 10% by weight, and the calcium fluoride powder is 1:4.5;
the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, the particle size is DV 50.5 mu m, and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is purchased from Nanjing Tianshi new material science and technology Co., ltd;
the polyvinylidene fluoride CAS number is 24937-79-9;
the CAS number of the polyurethane resin is 9009-54-5;
the CAS number of the N, N-dimethylformamide is 68-12-2;
the calcium fluoride powder was purchased from the national drug group Shanghai test, purity specification analytical grade (AR);
the calcium fluoride powder is ground, and the particle size is DV 50.2 mu m;
the titanium dioxide is purchased from Qingdao new material Co., ltd, and the particle size of the rutile type titanium dioxide is DV50 um;
the substrate material is light and thin cotton yarn 70 g/square meter.
Performance test:
tensile strength and pore diameter:
the size of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film prepared in the second embodiment is 20 x 5cm, the film thickness is 600 mu m by adopting a digital vernier caliper, the tensile strength of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is 155N by adopting a microcomputer tensile elongation testing machine of Shanghai four-brown detection equipment Co., ltd.), the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is detected by adopting a scanning electron microscope SEM, and the model of the scanning electron microscope is as follows: the temperature of Hitachi SU8010 is regulated by a Haikang infrared imaging thermometer H11, and the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is measured to be 200-600nm, which shows that the prepared three-dimensional porous radiation film has enough use strength and excellent use performance, and meanwhile, the radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale pore structure can effectively scatter sunlight, and the sunlight reflectivity and the radiation rate of the three-dimensional porous radiation film can be improved.
And (3) heat insulation and temperature reduction test:
experimental group: the three-dimensional porous radiation film is adhered to a bare color steel tile with the thickness of 0.2mm by using acrylic acid type adhesive, and the area of the color steel tile is not less than 1m 2 To eliminate marginal effects.
Color steel tiles with the same area are taken as a control group as follows:
control group 1: bare color steel tile
Control group 2: coating white paint with the same thickness as the three-dimensional porous radiation film on the bare color steel tile
Control group 3: polyurethane leather adopting acrylic acid type adhesive bonding and three-dimensional porous radiation film with same thickness
The surface temperature of the sample was measured every half an hour when placed in outdoor sunlight at the same angle, and the test results were recorded in the following table:
| sample/time | First 1 hour | 1.5 hours | For 2 hours | 2.5 hours | 3 hours |
| Experimental group | 27.6℃ | 29.2℃ | 32.7℃ | 34.9℃ | 36℃ |
| Control group 1 | 32.1℃ | 38.5℃ | 43.6℃ | 48.36℃ | 51.2℃ |
| Control group 2 | 28.7℃ | 30.5℃ | 33.1℃ | 35.5℃ | 37.47℃ |
| Control group 3 | 29.4℃ | 31.3℃ | 34.4℃ | 37.2℃ | 40.32℃ |
Test conditions:
1: the measurements were performed at equal air temperature and wind speed, selected between 10 am and 3 pm, for the time period of the sun where it was more intense.
2: the first 1 hour of data was discarded to eliminate the effect of the raw temperature history of the material.
The radiation film with the 200-600nm multi-scale hole structure has better radiation cooling effect through test, and compared with the traditional reflection cooling mode, the radiation film has the advantage that heat is reflected back to the atmosphere. The three-dimensional porous radiation film radiates heat into space by using an atmospheric window, so that the greenhouse effect caused by atmospheric re-absorption is reduced. Meanwhile, the plastic has enough use strength and is convenient to process.
Solar reflectance and emissivity:
solar reflectance: FTIR with wave number of 400-4000cm using Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer -1 Detecting the solar reflectance of the three-dimensional porous radiation film to be 96.9%;
emissivity of: the three-dimensional porous radiation film emissivity was tested to be 0.978 in the 8-14 μm wavelength range using an FTIR dual band infrared radiation power detector with an integrating sphere.
Example III
Firstly, placing 40 weight percent of polyvinylidene fluoride, 15 weight percent of polyurethane resin and N, N-dimethylformamide into a container for stirring and mixing, then adding 20 weight percent of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 12.5 weight percent of calcium fluoride powder into the container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after dispersing for 33 minutes, adding 12.5 weight percent of titanium dioxide into the container, starting the dispersing machine again, and closing the dispersing machine after dispersing for 33 minutes to obtain a mixture;
then, opening a grinder, grinding the mixture for 33min, and then, closing the grinder to prepare casting slurry;
winding a substrate material on a first roller, driving the first roller wound with the substrate material to rotate by a casting roller, covering the surface of the casting roller with casting slurry, driving the substrate material to the casting roller, infiltrating the substrate material by the casting slurry to form a casting film, driving the casting film to the contact position of the casting roller and a water tank along with the casting roller, flushing one third of the diameter of the casting roller with the water tank water line, immersing the casting film in the water tank, performing non-solvent phase separation on the casting film and water, separating out solvent and remaining in the water tank, driving the casting roller to rotate by a rolling roller, and dehydrating and rolling the casting film to obtain the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film.
The solid-to-liquid ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride, the polyurethane resin, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder, the titanium pigment and the calcium fluoride powder is 1, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride, the polyurethane resin, the polytetrafluoroethylene powder, the titanium pigment and the calcium fluoride powder are respectively 40% by weight, 15% by weight and 20% by weight, 12.5% by weight and 12.5% by weight, and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:8.2;
the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, the particle size is DV 50.5 mu m, and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is purchased from Nanjing Tianshi new material science and technology Co., ltd;
the polyvinylidene fluoride CAS number is 24937-79-9;
the CAS number of the polyurethane resin is 9009-54-5;
the CAS number of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 127-19-5;
the calcium fluoride powder was purchased from the national drug group Shanghai test, purity specification analytical grade (AR);
the calcium fluoride powder is ground, and the particle size is DV 50.2 mu m;
the titanium dioxide is purchased from Qingdao new materials, namely anatase titanium dioxide with the particle size of DV50 um;
the substrate material is light and thin cotton yarn 70 g/square meter.
Performance test:
tensile strength and pore diameter:
the size of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film prepared in the third embodiment is 20 x 5cm, the film thickness is 800 mu m by adopting a digital vernier caliper, the tensile strength of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is 170N by adopting a microcomputer tensile elongation testing machine of Shanghai four-brown detection equipment Co., ltd.), the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is detected by adopting a scanning electron microscope SEM, and the model of the scanning electron microscope is as follows: the temperature of Hitachi SU8010 is regulated by a Haikang infrared imaging thermometer H11, and the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is measured to be 200-600nm, which shows that the prepared three-dimensional porous radiation film has enough use strength and excellent use performance, and meanwhile, the radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale pore structure can effectively scatter sunlight, and the sunlight reflectivity and the radiation rate of the radiation cooling film can be improved.
And (3) heat insulation and temperature reduction test:
experimental group: the three-dimensional porous radiation film is adhered to a bare color steel tile with the thickness of 0.2mm by using acrylic acid type adhesive, and the area of the color steel tile is not less than 1m 2 To eliminate marginal effects.
Color steel tiles with the same area are taken as a control group as follows:
control group 1: bare color steel tile
Control group 2: coating white paint with the same thickness as the three-dimensional porous radiation film on the bare color steel tile
Control group 3: polyurethane leather adopting acrylic acid type adhesive bonding and three-dimensional porous radiation film with same thickness
The surface temperature of the sample was measured every half an hour when placed in outdoor sunlight at the same angle, and the test results were recorded in the following table:
| sample/time | First 1 hour | 1.5 hours | For 2 hours | 2.5 hours | 3 hours |
| Experimental group | 27.6℃ | 29.2℃ | 32.7℃ | 34.9℃ | 36℃ |
| Control group 1 | 32.1℃ | 38.5℃ | 43.6℃ | 48.36℃ | 51.2℃ |
| Control group 2 | 28.7℃ | 30.5℃ | 33.1℃ | 35.5℃ | 37.47℃ |
| Control group 3 | 29.4℃ | 31.3℃ | 34.4℃ | 37.2℃ | 40.32℃ |
Test conditions:
1: the measurements were performed at equal air temperature and wind speed, selected between 10 am and 3 pm, for the time period of the sun where it was more intense.
2: the first 1 hour of data was discarded to eliminate the effect of the raw temperature history of the material.
The radiation film with the 200-600nm multi-scale hole structure has better radiation cooling effect through test, and compared with the traditional reflection cooling mode, the radiation film has the advantage that heat is reflected back to the atmosphere. The three-dimensional porous radiation film radiates heat into space by using an atmospheric window, so that the greenhouse effect caused by atmospheric re-absorption is reduced. Meanwhile, the plastic has enough use strength and is convenient to process.
Solar reflectance and emissivity:
solar reflectance: FTIR with wave number of 400-4000cm using Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer -1 Detecting the solar reflectance of the three-dimensional porous radiation film to be 96.7%;
emissivity of: the three-dimensional porous radiation film was tested for emissivity of 0.976 in the 8-14 μm wavelength range using an FTIR dual band infrared radiation power detector with an integrating sphere.
Example IV
Firstly, starting a dispersing machine from 30 weight percent of polyvinylidene fluoride, 15 weight percent of polyurethane resin, N-dimethylformamide, 25 weight percent of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and 15 weight percent of calcium fluoride powder, after dispersing for 35 minutes, closing the dispersing machine, then adding 15 weight percent of titanium dioxide into a container, starting the dispersing machine again, after dispersing for 35 minutes, closing the dispersing machine to obtain a mixture;
then opening a grinder, grinding the mixture for 35min, and then closing the grinder to prepare casting slurry;
winding a substrate material on a first roller, driving the first roller wound with the substrate material to rotate by a casting roller, covering the surface of the casting roller with casting slurry, driving the substrate material to the casting roller, infiltrating the substrate material by the casting slurry to form a casting film, driving the casting film to the contact position of the casting roller and a water tank along with the casting roller, flushing one third of the diameter of the casting roller with the water tank water line, immersing the casting film in the water tank, performing non-solvent phase separation on the casting film and water, separating out solvent and remaining in the water tank, driving the casting roller to rotate by a rolling roller, and dehydrating and rolling the casting film to obtain the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film.
The solid-to-liquid ratio of 30 weight percent polyvinylidene fluoride, 15 weight percent polyurethane resin, 25 weight percent polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 15 weight percent titanium dioxide, 15 weight percent calcium fluoride powder and N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:5, a step of;
the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment, the particle size is DV 50.0 mu m, and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is purchased from Nanjing Tianshi new material science and technology Co., ltd;
the polyvinylidene fluoride CAS number is 24937-79-9;
the CAS number of the polyurethane resin is 9009-54-5;
the CAS number of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 127-19-5;
the calcium fluoride powder was purchased from the national drug group Shanghai test, purity specification analytical grade (AR);
the calcium fluoride powder is ground, and the particle size is DV 50.2 mu m;
the titanium dioxide is purchased from Qingdao new materials, namely anatase titanium dioxide with the particle size of DV of 50 nm;
the substrate material is light and thin cotton yarn 70 g/square meter.
Performance test:
tensile strength and pore diameter:
the size of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film prepared in the fourth embodiment is 20 x 5cm, the film thickness is 800 mu m by adopting a digital vernier caliper, the tensile strength of the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is 170N by adopting a microcomputer tensile elongation testing machine of Shanghai four-brown detection equipment company, the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is detected by adopting a scanning electron microscope SEM, and the model of the scanning electron microscope is as follows: the temperature of Hitachi SU8010 is regulated by a Haikang infrared imaging thermometer H11, and the pore diameter of the three-dimensional porous radiation film is measured to be 200-600nm, which shows that the prepared three-dimensional porous radiation film has enough use strength and excellent use performance, and meanwhile, the radiation film with a 200-600nm multi-scale pore structure can effectively scatter sunlight, and the sunlight reflectivity and the radiation rate of the three-dimensional porous radiation film can be improved.
And (3) heat insulation and temperature reduction test:
experimental group: the three-dimensional porous radiation film is adhered to a bare color steel tile with the thickness of 0.2mm by using acrylic acid type adhesive, and the area of the color steel tile is not less than 1m 2 To eliminate marginal effects.
Color steel tiles with the same area are taken as a control group as follows:
control group 1: bare color steel tile
Control group 2: coating white paint with the same thickness as the three-dimensional porous radiation film on the bare color steel tile
Control group 3: polyurethane leather adopting acrylic acid type adhesive bonding and three-dimensional porous radiation film with same thickness
The surface temperature of the sample was measured every half an hour when placed in outdoor sunlight at the same angle, and the test results were recorded in the following table:
| sample/time | First 1 hour | 1.5 hours | For 2 hours | 2.5 hours | 3 hours |
| Experimental group | 27.5℃ | 29℃ | 32.7℃ | 34.8℃ | 36.5℃ |
| Control group 1 | 32℃ | 38.3℃ | 43.1℃ | 48.7℃ | 52.2℃ |
| Control group 2 | 28.2℃ | 30.4℃ | 32.5℃ | 35.8℃ | 37.42℃ |
| Control group 3 | 29.3℃ | 31.5℃ | 34.7℃ | 37.1℃ | 40.7℃ |
Test conditions:
1: the measurements were performed at equal air temperature and wind speed, selected between 10 am and 3 pm, for the time period of the sun where it was more intense.
2: the first 1 hour of data was discarded to eliminate the effect of the raw temperature history of the material.
The radiation film with the 200-600nm multi-scale hole structure has better radiation cooling effect through test, and compared with the traditional reflection cooling mode, the radiation film has the advantage that heat is reflected back to the atmosphere. The three-dimensional porous radiation film radiates heat into space by using an atmospheric window, so that the greenhouse effect caused by atmospheric re-absorption is reduced. Meanwhile, the plastic has enough use strength and is convenient to process.
Solar reflectance and emissivity:
solar reflectance: FTIR with wave number of 400-4000cm using Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer -1 Detecting the solar reflectance of the three-dimensional porous radiation film to be 96.3%;
emissivity of: the three-dimensional porous radiation film was tested for emissivity of 0.974 in the 8-14 μm wavelength range using an FTIR dual band infrared radiation power detector with an integrating sphere.
The foregoing detailed description has been provided for the purposes of illustration in connection with specific embodiments and exemplary examples, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications and improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present application and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials: casting slurry and substrate material; the casting slurry includes: casting a solid slurry and a solvent; the casting solid slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer, 10-20% of polyurethane resin, 15-25% of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 10-15% of titanium dioxide and 10-15% of calcium fluoride powder; the high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride; the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment; the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder subjected to the low-temperature plasma treatment is 1-4um; the calcium fluoride powder is subjected to grinding treatment; the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film is prepared by a tape casting film forming method.
2. The PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film according to claim 1, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the casting solid slurry to the solvent in W/V is 1:3.1-8.2.
3. The PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film of claim 1, wherein said backing material comprises one of a lightweight and thin fabric or a blend fabric.
4. The PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film according to claim 1, wherein said solvent comprises one of N, N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide.
5. The PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film according to claim 1, wherein said titanium pigment comprises one of anatase titanium pigment and rutile titanium pigment.
6. A method for preparing a PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Placing a high-molecular fluorine-containing polymer, polyurethane resin, a solvent, polytetrafluoroethylene powder and calcium fluoride powder into a container, starting a dispersing machine, closing the dispersing machine after dispersing treatment, then adding titanium dioxide into the container to obtain a mixture, and sequentially dispersing and grinding the mixture to prepare casting slurry;
(2) Pouring the casting slurry onto a glass plate fixed with a substrate material, scraping the casting slurry by adopting a wet film preparation device, forming a casting film on the surface of the glass plate, putting the glass plate into a container containing water, taking out the casting film, and drying to obtain the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film;
or winding the substrate material on a first roller, driving the first roller wound with the substrate material by the casting roller coated with the casting slurry on the surface to rotate, transmitting the substrate material to the casting roller to form a casting film, transmitting the casting film to a water tank along with the casting roller, and then completing dehydration and winding treatment by the casting film to prepare the PTFE three-dimensional porous radiation film.
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