CN114956918B - 一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 - Google Patents
一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114956918B CN114956918B CN202210259930.3A CN202210259930A CN114956918B CN 114956918 B CN114956918 B CN 114956918B CN 202210259930 A CN202210259930 A CN 202210259930A CN 114956918 B CN114956918 B CN 114956918B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- stirring
- temperature
- slurry
- mixing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000282465 Canis Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004164 analytical calibration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 metallurgy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-O Methylammonium ion Chemical compound [NH3+]C BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001125840 Coryphaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O aminoazanium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH3+]N.[O-][N+]([O-])=O RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012174 chinese wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr](O)(=O)=O CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWKNUWRKJUDXAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylmethanamine;nitric acid Chemical compound CN(C)C.O[N+]([O-])=O GWKNUWRKJUDXAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008786 sensory perception of smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/002—Sensitisers or density reducing agents, foam stabilisers, crystal habit modifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及含能材料与模拟仿真技术领域,尤其是指一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂,由质量分数的物质组成:包括80~90%的酸碱中和产物、5~10%的水、1~5%的添加剂、2~5%的油相及1~2%的乳化剂。本发明气味和真实的炸药完全一致,并且具有十分稳定的非爆炸性,可以代替炸药进行犬类训练和安检仪的校准,大大减少操作过程的不安全因素,而且可以重复使用,对犬类训练和仪器校准带来极大的便利。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含能材料与模拟仿真技术领域,尤其是指一种非爆炸性乳胶炸 药气味模拟剂及制备技术。
背景技术
目前业内普遍采用的爆炸物检测的方法,主要是搜爆犬、分析测试仪或两 者的组合。无论是搜爆犬的训练,还是安检仪的物体识别,都需要相应的训练 剂和参照物。尤其是在人群密集的车站,机场,码头等安检场所,为了保持安 检仪的稳定运行,需要定期对安检仪的校准和标定。但是由于人们对炸药的恐 惧心理和爆炸物的危险性,爆炸危险品实物不宜直接作为训练剂或参照物。用气味模拟物作为爆炸物判定的样品,在气味上与真实物品接近,同时不具备爆 炸性,可以在某种程度上协助相关人员在尽可能安全的条件下进行训练和校准。 所以急需一种安全的非爆炸性炸药模拟剂,代替炸药实物,作为搜爆犬评估和培训的辅助工具,以及蒸汽采样技术进行检测的安检仪的校准。
乳化炸药系列品种繁多,广泛的应用于煤炭,冶金,建材,筑路架桥等领 域的爆破工程。目前我国民用爆破器材生产厂家由数百家之多。由于涉及到生 产,使用的诸多环节,乳化炸药极易流传到民间,造成安全隐患。
虽然Kury等人的美国专利(US5958299)和北京理工大学的刘吉平等人的 系列全仿真炸药模拟物专利(CN102795951A,CN102795952A,CN102816030A等 等)涉及制造无能炸药模拟物的方法。其模拟物在质量密度、有效原子序数、X 射线透射特性和物理形式方面模仿真实炸药。但是由于它们是为基于不同于气 味检测的分析原理的检测方法而制造的,因此它们不是气味模拟物,因此不适 用于搜爆犬的生物检测或依赖于顶空蒸汽采样原理来检测爆炸物的仪器校准。
美国(US5413812,US5648636,US5359936)和俄罗斯(RU2543807C1)制 备了一些爆炸物气味模拟剂。在这些实施例中,都是将炸药制成溶液或浆体后, 涂覆于惰性基材的表面形成气味模拟物。该流程中,在机械混合过程环节,摩 擦会导致局部温度过高,造成炸药中易挥发成分的损失,使爆炸材料中产生特 征性气味的挥发性较强的成分急剧减少,有时甚至得到特征气味完全消失的, 具有不完整气味特征的模拟物,在气味方面和真实炸药不同,不能达到气味模拟的效果,影响犬类训练和安检仪识别物质的准确性。
同时,到目前为止,已经报道的爆炸物气味模拟剂制备方法,都没有涉及 乳化炸药。检索不到非爆炸性乳化炸药气味模拟物及其相关资料。
鉴于使用传统浆液方法形成气味模拟物的缺点和防恐安全实战的要求,急 需发展一种方便快捷,安全廉价的非爆炸性乳化炸药模拟物制备方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备 技术,气味和真实的炸药完全一致,并且具有十分稳定的非爆炸性,可以代替 炸药进行犬类训练和安检仪的校准,大大减少操作过程的不安全因素,而且可 以重复使用,对犬类训练和仪器校准带来极大的便利。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂,由质量分数的物质组成:包括80~90% 的酸碱中和产物、5~10%的水、1~5%的添加剂、2~5%的油相及1~2%的乳化剂。
优选地,所述添加剂为:硝基胍、硝酸肼、硝酸三甲胺、硝化甘油、硝化 乙二醇、尿素、黑索金、奥克托今、梯恩梯、二硝基苯、煤、松香、PETN、苦 味酸、铝、镁、铁、硅、锰、锌、硫、乙二醇、丙二醇、硼砂、磷酸酯、硼酸 锌、十四烷基锌、硼酸铝、十四烷基镁、氧化铁、锌白、十二烷基硫酸钠(K12)、 十二烷基磺酸钠(AS)、十二烷基醇酰磷酸酯(6503)硬脂酸、硬脂酸钠、聚 乙烯、聚丙烯、EVA树脂、聚异丁烯、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚 物和二亚硝基戊次甲基四胺(有机发泡剂H)的一种或多种。
优选地,所述油相为:矿物油、凡士林、轻柴油、机油、玉米油、棉籽油、 豆油、复合蜡、石蜡、微晶蜡、地蜡、褐煤蜡、中国蜡、沥青和蜂蜡中的一种 或多种。
优选地,所述乳化剂为:失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(Span-80)、木糖醇肝单 油酸酯(M-201)、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(8045乳化剂)和路博润公司LZ系 列乳化剂中的一种或多种。
上述的一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂的制备技术,包括以下步骤:
S1,将碱性物质的溶液冷却至0℃~10℃至之间,加入惰性多孔材料,形成 浆液;
S2,向S1中得到的浆液中添加酸,过程中控制搅拌速度为600~800r/min, 温度0~10℃,采用原位合成法生成包含在惰性多孔材料的空隙内的乳胶炸药气 味模拟物的中间产物(即酸碱中和产物);
S3,向S2中得到的中间产物中加入添加剂1,升温至90℃~100℃,混合 均匀得到水相浆体;
S4,取油相原料和乳化剂混合,升温至90℃~100℃,得到油相;
S5,在85~95℃时,将S3中得到的水相浆体加入S4中得到的油相中,开 启乳化机搅拌、剪切,控制转速为1400~1600r/min,1~5min后形成乳胶浆 体,冷却至55~65℃,加入添加剂2,混拌均匀;
S6,收集S5得到的固体,风干后得到乳胶炸药气味模拟物。
优选地,所述碱性物包括可提供钠离子(Na+),钾离子(K+),钙离子(Ca2+), 铵根离子(NH4+),甲基铵根离子(CH3NH3+)的碱性化合物及含有钠离子(Na+), 钾离子(K+),钙离子(Ca2+),铵根离子(NH4+),甲基铵根离子(CH3NH3+) 的弱酸盐中的一种或多种;所述碱性化合物包括氨气、甲胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧 化钾、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铵、甲胺水溶液、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钙、 碳酸氢铵、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸钙和碳酸铵中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述酸为硝酸、亚硝酸、高氯酸、氯酸和重铬酸中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述惰性多孔材料为:天然树胶、合成树胶、木粉和面粉、天然 纤维、合成纤维、谷壳、无味纤维素、锯末、坚果壳、淀粉和淀粉衍生物、粘 土、沸石、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、中空玻璃微球、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、碳 酸钙、滑石、高岭土、云母、硫酸钡、硫酸钠、硫酸镁、金属氧化物和氢氧化 物、炭黑和石墨中的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果:
解决了以乳化炸药危险品实物直接作为搜爆犬或训练剂和安检仪参照物, 带来的危险性,提供与乳化炸药具有相同气味的非爆炸性仿真模拟物。既保证 了犬类训练和安检仪识别物质的准确性,又避免了使用爆炸品实物所带来的危 险性。
本发明的模拟剂可以作为安全训练辅助用品,扩展搜爆犬和其它探测生物 (海豚、蜜蜂)的训练范围。此外,它还可以用作爆炸物安检仪的常规校准,例 如,陆海空码头,出入境口岸,车站的爆炸物检测仪,以及其它的和嗅觉,爆 炸物检测相关的研究。
本发明是非爆炸性的,它不具备爆炸物的危险性,因此可以使用普通物品 的方法和形式来储存和运输,无需申请爆炸物存储以及运输的资质,也无需在 相关监管部门备案,对犬类训练和仪器校准工作带来极大的便利。
综上所述,本发明的非爆炸性乳化炸药气味模拟物,通过搜爆犬实验和安 检仪测试,证实气味和真实的炸药完全一致。并且通过爆炸性实验,证实具有 十分稳定的非爆炸性。可以代替炸药进行犬类训练和安检仪的校准,大大减少 操作过程的不安全因素,而且可以重复使用,对犬类训练和仪器校准带来极大 的便利。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解,下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说 明,实施方式提及的内容并非对本发明的限定。
实施例1
500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴 液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入3.95g氨水、0.8g一甲胺水溶液、0.45g氢氧化钠、 10mL蒸馏水和20g硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅拌速度为700r/min的条件下滴加5.1g发烟硝酸,滴加过程 中控制反应温度在10℃以下。滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅 拌30min。然后加入0.16g尿素,0.08g铝粉,升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀 得到水相浆体。
在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.12g轻柴油,0.24g 56#精炼石蜡,0.04g 80#精 制微晶蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.16g Span-80乳化剂混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制 在90℃~100℃得到油相。
在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同 时开启乳化机,在乳化机(转速1500r/min)的搅拌、剪切作用下,3min后形 成乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体, 风干后得到26.3g的白色材料。
实施例2
500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴 液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入3.38g氨水、0.445g氢氧化钙、0.468g氢氧化钠、 10mL蒸馏水和20g硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅拌速度为700r/min条件下滴加4.72g发烟硝酸,滴加过程中 控制反应温度在10℃以下。滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅拌 30min。升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀得到水相浆体。
在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.344g石蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.2g 8045乳化 剂混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制在90℃~100℃得到油相。
在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同 时开启乳化机,在乳化机(转速1500r/min)的搅拌、剪切作用下,3min后形 成乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体,风 干后得到25.8g的白色材料。
实施例3
500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴 液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入4.62g氨水、0.57g氢氧化钠、10mL蒸馏水和20g 硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅 拌速度为700r/min条件下滴加5.3g发烟硝酸,滴加过程中控制反应温度在 10℃以下。滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅拌30min。然后升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀得到水相浆体。
在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.4g石蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.2g M-201乳化剂 混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制在90℃~100℃得到油相。
在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同 时开启乳化机,在乳化机(转速1500r/min)的搅拌、剪切作用下,3min后形成 乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体,风 干后得到26.8g的白色材料。
实施例4
为了评估该材料作为乳胶炸药气味模拟物的效果,将20g产品放入由三边 预缝的20cm×30cm粗棉布袋中,之后缝合密闭。然后将该布袋放置在标准足球 场大小(7140平方米)的场地中(训犬员和搜爆犬不知道具体位置),十分钟 后,等它们的蒸气渗透到周围环境中,搜爆犬由训犬员带入场内,并让它们在场地上不受限制地漫游,在训犬员的指示下搜爆犬开始系统地搜索比赛场地。
实验结果表明,使用的三个独立的不同搜爆犬类团队都成功地检测到了模 拟物。且当犬类找到模拟物位置时,它们都表现出与找到真炸药时,相同的行 为,就坐在盒子旁边但没有轻推它,这充分说明模拟物的气味和他们接受过真 炸药训练嗅到的气味是一致的。
实施例5
进行模拟物灵敏度和稳定性的测试,实验结果表明,该模拟物对高温,敲 击,火花和摩擦均不敏感。
具体实验操作如下:将3g样品放置在两块20cm×30cm×2cm的钢板之间放 在地面上,用100kg的铁块从2米高的距离下落,钢板进行撞击,并没有引起材料的爆炸。在黑暗中重复实验,并使用摄像头监控该过程,结果表明冲击没 有导致火花的形成。将该材料加热至200℃并保持该温度30分钟,没有引起 爆炸。
本发明的设计思路是:
引发爆炸所需的最小能量取决于材料的临界质量、固有能量、纯度、结晶 度和堆积密度。例如,即使冲击波完全穿过晶体,几个方向的冲击不会引爆PETN (Zaoui,A.;Sekkal,W.Solid State Commun.118,345-350(2001))。而且, 单一临界质量如果不能进行爆炸扩散倍增,则也不会引起爆炸。
因此,制备过程中加入惰性多孔材料,调节控制爆炸物的晶格结构,降低 晶格的连续性,降低骨架结构中内在的分子张力和临界质量,降低炸药的堆积 密度,使爆炸物高度分散,并且形成屏障防止爆炸的传递,减弱了通过本体的 冲击。由于纳米结构水平上改变了爆炸物的机械化学,所导致的上诉结果,使 爆炸物失去了爆炸性。
同时,采用原位制备的方法来合成乳胶炸药模拟剂,使炸药分子在反应过 程中,原位在惰性多孔材料中沉淀析出,嵌入和吸附,避免了机械混合带来的 成分损失。
由于惰性多孔材料本身是无味的,非反应性的,在合成过程中不参与反应, 因此分散在材料空隙夹层中的炸药分子的气味不会受到干扰。于是采取在原位 制备过程中加入惰性多孔材料的方法合成乳胶炸药模拟物,既能够很好的保留 乳胶炸药的气味,又使其具有非爆炸的性质。
通过这种方法生产的爆炸性气味模拟物也适用于生物检测程序,如犬类爆 炸物检测、蜜蜂训练,以及非生物检测程序,如爆炸物检测仪器的校准。
最后需要说明,上述描述仅为本发明的优选实施例,本领域的技术人员在 本发明的启示下,在不违背本发明宗旨及权利要求的前提下,可以做出多种类 似的表示,这样的变换均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、在500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入3.95g氨水、0.8g一甲胺水溶液、0.45g氢氧化钠、10mL蒸馏水和20g硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅拌速度为700r/min的条件下滴加5.1g发烟硝酸,滴加过程中控制反应温度在10℃以下,滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅拌30min,然后加入0.16g尿素,0.08g铝粉,升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀得到水相浆体;
(2)、在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.12g轻柴油,0.24g 56#精炼石蜡,0.04g80#精制微晶蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.16g Span-80乳化剂混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制在90℃~100℃得到油相;
(3)、在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同时利用乳化机进行搅拌,3min后形成乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体,风干后得到26.3g的白色材料。
2.一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、在500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入3.38g氨水、0.445g氢氧化钙、0.468g氢氧化钠、10mL蒸馏水和20g硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅拌速度为700r/min条件下滴加4.72g发烟硝酸,滴加过程中控制反应温度在10℃以下,滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅拌30min,升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀得到水相浆体;
(2)、在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.344g石蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.2g 8045乳化剂混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制在90℃~100℃得到油相;
(3)、在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同时利用乳化机进行搅拌,3min后形成乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体,风干后得到25.8g的白色材料。
3.一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)、在500mL洁净的四颈圆底烧瓶上,四颈磨口处分别配置温度计、冷凝管、滴液漏斗和机械搅拌杆,加入4.62g氨水、0.57g氢氧化钠、10mL蒸馏水和20g硅藻土,机械搅拌使溶液形成浆体,将圆底烧瓶置于冰盐浴中冷却至0℃,搅拌速度为700r/min条件下滴加5.3g发烟硝酸,滴加过程中控制反应温度在10℃以下,滴加完以后,继续在10℃下以700r/min速度搅拌30min,然后升温至90℃~100℃,混合均匀得到水相浆体;
(2)、在500mL锥形瓶中加入0.4g石蜡,加热混熔后,加入0.2g M-201乳化剂混熔搅拌均匀,温度控制在90℃~100℃得到油相;
(3)、在90℃时,将制好的水相浆体在30s内加入盛有上述油相的容器中,并同时利用乳化机进行搅拌,3min后形成乳胶浆体,冷却至55~65℃,加入H发泡剂0.08g,混拌均匀,所得固体,风干后得到26.8g的白色材料。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210259930.3A CN114956918B (zh) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | 一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210259930.3A CN114956918B (zh) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | 一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114956918A CN114956918A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
CN114956918B true CN114956918B (zh) | 2023-12-26 |
Family
ID=82976210
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210259930.3A Active CN114956918B (zh) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | 一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114956918B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5359936A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-11-01 | Regents Of The University Of California | Non-detonable explosive simulators |
WO2007108797A2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Gma Industries | A method of producing energetically-inert pseudoscents of explosive materials, and compositions thereof |
RU2315475C1 (ru) * | 2006-03-10 | 2008-01-27 | Институт химической физики им. Н.Н. Семенова РАН (ИХФ РАН) | Композиционный имитатор взрывчатых веществ для тренировки розыскных собак |
CN108956229A (zh) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 一种tatp仿真炸药模拟剂及其制备方法 |
RU2754929C1 (ru) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-09-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ СРЕДСТВ ИНДИКАЦИИ" | Жидкий имитатор запаха наркотических средств и психотропных веществ для кинологической службы |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL163675A (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2011-03-31 | Rafael Advanced Defense Sys | Simulant material for hazardous materials and method for manufacture thereof |
US8444881B2 (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2013-05-21 | David O.B.A. Adebimpe | Methods for making scent simulants of chemical explosives, and compositions thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-03-16 CN CN202210259930.3A patent/CN114956918B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5359936A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-11-01 | Regents Of The University Of California | Non-detonable explosive simulators |
RU2315475C1 (ru) * | 2006-03-10 | 2008-01-27 | Институт химической физики им. Н.Н. Семенова РАН (ИХФ РАН) | Композиционный имитатор взрывчатых веществ для тренировки розыскных собак |
WO2007108797A2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Gma Industries | A method of producing energetically-inert pseudoscents of explosive materials, and compositions thereof |
CN108956229A (zh) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 一种tatp仿真炸药模拟剂及其制备方法 |
RU2754929C1 (ru) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-09-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ СРЕДСТВ ИНДИКАЦИИ" | Жидкий имитатор запаха наркотических средств и психотропных веществ для кинологической службы |
WO2022131970A1 (ru) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-23 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ СРЕДСТВ ИНДИКАЦИИ" | Жидкий имитатор запаха наркотических средств и психотропных веществ для кинологической службы |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114956918A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Zygmunt et al. | Influence of ammonium nitrate prills' properties on detonation velocity of ANFO | |
Mahadevan | Ammonium nitrate explosives for civil applications: slurries, emulsions and ammonium nitrate fuel oils | |
Buczkowski et al. | Detonation properties of mixtures of ammonium nitrate based fertilizers and fuels | |
US8444881B2 (en) | Methods for making scent simulants of chemical explosives, and compositions thereof | |
RU2249236C2 (ru) | Сейсмический способ (варианты), система геофизической разведки и способ получения взрывчатого состава для указанных способов разведки | |
US20090199936A1 (en) | Simulant material for primary explosives | |
US3834955A (en) | Coated ammonium nitrate | |
EP0140534B1 (en) | Water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition | |
BRMU8903104U2 (pt) | melhoramento em composto explosivo | |
CN114956918B (zh) | 一种非爆炸性乳胶炸药气味模拟剂及制备技术 | |
Zygmunt et al. | Agriculture grade ammonium nitrate as the basic ingredient of massive explosive charges | |
EP2603477A2 (en) | Compositions and methods to deter illicit uses of fertilizers | |
RU2595709C2 (ru) | Составы взрывчатых смесей и способы их изготовления | |
CA2298971C (en) | Foam formulations | |
Horváth et al. | Characteristics of homemade explosive materials and the possibilities of their identification | |
WO2007108797A2 (en) | A method of producing energetically-inert pseudoscents of explosive materials, and compositions thereof | |
KR20210127174A (ko) | 상 안정화 질산암모늄 프릴, 및 관련된 생성물 및 방법 | |
RU2716979C1 (ru) | Имитатор запахов взрывчатых веществ для тренировки розыскных собак на обнаружение взрывчатых веществ | |
US3493445A (en) | Ammonium nitrate composition containing zinc oxide and an octadecylamine and/or its acetate | |
RU2415120C2 (ru) | Маркированный эмульсионный взрывчатый состав (варианты) | |
US3240641A (en) | Ammonium nitrate-hydrocarbon oil explosive composition | |
Sitkiewicz-Wołodko et al. | Modification of ANFO detonation parameters by addition of ground of ammonium nitrate (V) and aluminium powder | |
Tan et al. | Detonation characteristics of ammonium nitrate and activated fertilizer mixtures | |
RU2666426C1 (ru) | Состав взрывчатой смеси | |
EP4048649B1 (en) | Simulant composition of an explosive compound |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |