CN114953502A - Prepreg pre-compaction device and method for preparing composite laminated board by using same - Google Patents
Prepreg pre-compaction device and method for preparing composite laminated board by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114953502A CN114953502A CN202210481571.6A CN202210481571A CN114953502A CN 114953502 A CN114953502 A CN 114953502A CN 202210481571 A CN202210481571 A CN 202210481571A CN 114953502 A CN114953502 A CN 114953502A
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
- B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a prepreg pre-compaction device and a method for preparing a composite laminated board by using the same. The device comprises a closed frame made of alloy materials, an elastic sealing element made of rubber or plastic materials and a vacuum pumping port, wherein a through hole is formed in the closed frame, and the vacuum pumping port is formed in the elastic sealing element. When the laminated plate is used, firstly, the prepreg is paved in a forming die, then the pre-compaction device is covered on the forming die and connected with a vacuum machine, the prepreg is compacted by vacuumizing, and paving-vacuumizing compacting operation is repeated for a plurality of times, so that the laminated plate with excellent performance is finally obtained. Compared with the traditional vacuum bag and sealant pre-compaction forming process, the invention greatly reduces the time and cost of the pre-compaction process, has a series of advantages of simple structure, convenient use, good compaction effect, high efficiency, good repeatability and the like, not only reduces the production cost, but also is more convenient to operate, and is beneficial to improving the forming quality and the physical and chemical properties of the composite laminated plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation processes and equipment, in particular to a prepreg pre-compacting device and a method for preparing a composite material laminated plate by using the prepreg pre-compacting device.
Background
The composite material is widely applied to the fields of military industry, aerospace, aviation and the like by virtue of the advantages of light weight, high strength, high specific modulus and the like. The prior prepreg technology becomes one of the mainstream forms of composite material molding, and the technology comprises the steps of paving and pasting prepreg on a smooth die, forming a sealed environment by using sealant and a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, and transferring into an oven or an autoclave for curing molding. Whether the prepreg is compacted or not in the laying process is one of the key factors determining the structural integrity of the composite material, and the performance of the composite material is directly influenced, and the influence is more serious for the composite material with more laid layers. Generally, after 4 layers of prepreg are laid manually, one pre-compaction treatment is needed to ensure that the layers are tightly attached to each other, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the structural integrity of the composite material.
The traditional pre-compaction method mainly comprises the steps of operating in a sealing environment formed by a smooth mould surface through sealant and a vacuum bag, firstly, punching a circle of sealant on the mould, then paving the prepreg in a space surrounded by the sealant according to a laying sequence, carrying out bag sealing treatment once when 4 layers of the prepreg are paved, removing the vacuum bag after vacuumizing, maintaining pressure and standing for about 15 minutes, and then repeating the steps until all layers are paved. Analysis shows that the traditional pre-compaction method needs repeated bag sealing treatment which is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the vacuum bag is deformed, even damaged and air-leaked due to repeated uncovering and pressing operations, and more importantly, the repeated bag sealing operation possibly causes other impurities on the surface of the sealant, so that the pre-compaction effect is influenced, air leakage also can be caused, and the sealant and the vacuum bag need to be replaced under the condition. In addition, the sealant and the vacuum bag belong to consumable materials, the use cost of the sealant and the vacuum bag is high, and the manufacturing and use cost of the composite material is improved invisibly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the existing prepreg paving and pre-compacting process, and designs and develops a prepreg pre-compacting device which is simple in structure and convenient to use. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a prepreg pre-compaction device comprises a closed frame, an elastic sealing element and a vacuum pumping hole, wherein a through hole is formed in the closed frame, the vacuum pumping hole is formed in the elastic sealing element, and the elastic sealing element is connected with the closed frame in a sealing mode and covers the through hole.
Furthermore, the closed frame and the forming die are connected in a separable mode, and after the closed frame and the forming die are connected, the elastic sealing element is arranged between the closed frame and the forming die.
Furthermore, the size of the closed frame is larger than that of the sample to be molded, and the closed frame is made of alloy.
Further, the flatness of the closed frame is not more than 0.25. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the connecting part of the closed frame and the forming die, the elastic sealing element needs a certain compression amount which is limited by the maximum vacuum degree provided by vacuum equipment and the maximum compression amount of the elastic sealing element. If the elastic sealing element is self-adhesive, the sealing method is not limited to compression sealing, but can be replaced by bonding sealing or bonding-compression mixed sealing, and the flatness of the closed frame can be properly relaxed.
Furthermore, at least one through hole is formed in the closed frame in the thickness direction. The through holes mainly play a role in communicating the inside of the forming mold with a vacuum suction device, and the number of the through holes can be one or more, and is preferably one.
Further, the elastic sealing element is specifically a two-dimensional plane type (sheet shape), and comprises a rubber sheet, a plastic film, a vacuum bag, a silica gel sheet, a closed-cell foam material and the like, and the size of the elastic sealing element is larger than that of the closed frame.
Further, the elastic sealing member has an elongation of not less than 80%. In order to ensure the sealing performance between the forming die and the closed frame, the elastic sealing element needs a certain compression amount, and the index is set after the factors such as the reuse cost, the equipment vacuum-pumping performance, the detachable maintenance performance, the material replaceability (not limited to various elastic sealing elements mentioned in the invention, such as an EPDM film, and solid glue meeting the technical requirements) and the like are comprehensively considered.
Furthermore, the elastic sealing element and the closed frame are connected in a sealing mode through clamping, bonding, welding and the like, and preferably bonding is achieved.
Furthermore, an auxiliary sealing material is coated or stuck on the joint of the elastic sealing element and the closed frame, and the auxiliary sealing material comprises a sealing glue, a sealing strip, foam and the like.
Further, the sealing connection strength of the elastic sealing member to the closed frame is not less than 200kgf/cm 2 。
The method for preparing the composite material laminated plate by using the prepreg pre-compaction device comprises the following steps: (a) laying prepreg on a forming mould according to the laying sequence, then covering a pre-compaction device to seal the prepreg and the forming mould together, connecting a vacuumizing device with a vacuum pumping opening of the pre-compaction device, and starting the vacuumizing device to perform pre-compaction treatment; (b) closing the vacuumizing device, removing the pre-compacting device, continuously paving the prepreg, and performing pre-compacting treatment again according to the method in the step (a); (c) and repeating the paving and pre-compacting treatment until the preset thickness is reached, and finally curing and forming.
Furthermore, at least one layer of breathable felt is laid on the surface of the prepreg after each laying. The function of the air-permeable felt is to facilitate air circulation, thereby improving the quality of exhaust and compaction.
Further, the vacuum degree of the cavity where the prepreg is located is not more than-0.1 MPa during vacuum pumping.
The prepreg pre-compaction device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, good compaction effect and the like, and can be used for repeatedly pre-compacting in the laying and pasting process of the prepreg. Compared with the traditional mode of pre-compacting by utilizing the vacuum bag and the sealant, the method disclosed by the invention not only reduces the production cost, but also is simpler and more convenient to operate, can be conveniently, quickly and efficiently disassembled to continue the next round of laying operation after the pre-compacting treatment is finished, has the advantages of high efficiency, good repeatability, no consumption of the vacuum bag and the sealant, no pollution to prepreg and the like, and is beneficial to improving the forming quality and the physical and chemical properties of the composite laminated plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a closed frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the elastic sealing member.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of auxiliary sealing at the joint of the elastic sealing element and the closed frame.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vacuum pumping port.
Fig. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of a prepreg pre-compaction apparatus.
Fig. 6 is a photograph of a prepreg pre-compaction apparatus.
Fig. 7 is a photograph of the operation of the prepreg pre-compaction apparatus.
Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional ultrasonic scanning imaging detection comparison chart of a sample manufactured by the method of the invention and the conventional vacuum bag method.
Wherein, 1-a vacuum pumping port, 2-a closed frame and 3-an elastic sealing element; 4-auxiliary sealing material.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following embodiments are further described.
A prepreg pre-compaction apparatus shown in fig. 1-7 mainly includes an aluminum alloy closed frame 2, a rubber sheet (i.e., an elastic sealing member 3), and an air nozzle (i.e., a vacuum extraction opening 1). The aluminum alloy closed frame is in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', a rectangular through hole is formed in the middle of the aluminum alloy closed frame, and the rubber sheet is bonded to the side face of the aluminum alloy closed frame through glue. The vulcanizing agent is coated in the center of the rubber sheet, the air tap is adhered to the rubber sheet, and a small hole is formed in the rubber sheet opposite to the air tap after the vulcanizing agent is completely cured, so that an air channel is formed. In order to ensure the sealing effect, a layer of closed EVA foam adhesive tape (namely, an auxiliary sealing material 4) is uniformly laid at the connecting part of the aluminum alloy closed frame and the rubber sheet, and is pressed to be tightly attached to prevent air leakage during vacuum pumping.
Example 1
Uniformly smearing a release agent on a smooth and clean forming die, then paving the smooth and clean forming die according to the sequence of release cloth, prepreg, release cloth, an isolation film and an air felt, finally carrying out sealing compaction treatment by using the prepreg pre-compaction device, and carrying out curing forming by an autoclave forming process to obtain a finished laminated plate. The specific details are as follows:
(1) preparing a mould: cleaning the forming mold with alcohol, drying, uniformly coating a layer of demolding agent on the mold, and covering a layer of demolding cloth;
(2) laying a prepreg: laying-up the prepreg on the release fabric in the order of (0/90) 4s Paving, wherein the paving material is carbon fiber fabric prepreg (Jiangsu Hengshen, EV 201-35% -12KHF30F-U-200gsm-1000, single layer thickness is 0.2 mm);
(3) pre-compacting: after the prepreg is laid, a layer of breathable felt (made of polyester fiber) is covered on the surface of the prepreg, the pre-compaction device is covered on a forming die, and the rubber sheet is compacted by the aid of the self weight of the pre-compaction device or the die to seal the joint of the pre-compaction device and the die. Connecting the air nozzle of the pre-compacting device with a vacuum pump by using a plastic pipe, starting the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing when the reading of the vacuum meter is stabilized at-0.1 MPa, standing for 15min, and then moving away the pre-compacting device. And performing pre-compaction once after laying 4 layers of prepreg.
(4) Repeating the laying-compacting: after the first pre-compaction treatment is finished, the pre-compaction treatment is continuously carried out on the prepreg laid in the forming die according to the methods in the step (2) and the step (3), and the pre-compaction treatment is repeatedly carried out for a plurality of times to obtain the prepreg with the size of 150 x 100 x 3.2mm 3 The laminate semi-finished product of (1).
(5) Curing and forming: and (3) carrying out bag sealing treatment on the semi-finished laminated plate by utilizing a vacuum bag and sealant, and then curing and forming under the condition of high temperature and high pressure (autoclave process) to obtain the finished laminated plate.
Comparative example 1
(1) Same as step (1) in example 1;
(2) the same procedure as in step (2) of example 1;
(3) pre-pressing by adopting a traditional pre-pressing process: covering a layer of breathable felt on the surface of the prepreg after the prepreg is laid, then, beating a circle of sealant on a mold around the demolding cloth, connecting a hose on the sealant, and then bonding the vacuum bag and the sealant together to form a sealed space by the mold, the sealant and the vacuum bag together. Connecting the plastic hose with a vacuum pump, starting the vacuum pump, stopping vacuumizing when the reading of the vacuum meter is stabilized at-0.1 MPa, standing for 15min, uncovering the vacuum bag, and removing the hose and the sealant. And performing pre-compaction once after laying 4 layers of prepreg.
(4) Repeating the operations of laying and pre-compacting the prepregs in steps (2) and (3) until a size of about 150 x 100 x 3.2mm is obtained 3 The laminate semi-finished product of (1);
(5) the same procedure as in (5) of example 1.
In order to fully understand the difference between the laminates prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, three-dimensional ultrasonic scanning imaging tests were performed on the laminates, respectively, and the results are shown in fig. 8. In fig. 8, the left drawing corresponds to the laminate obtained in example 1, and the right drawing corresponds to the laminate obtained in comparative example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the laminated plate manufactured by using the pre-compaction device of the present invention has high forming quality, no delamination and other defects in the plate, and is significantly improved compared with the conventional vacuum bag + sealant pre-compaction process.
In the conventional vacuum bag and sealant pre-compaction process, as the sealant and the vacuum bag are repeatedly attached and uncovered, dust is adhered to the surface of the sealant, the vacuum bag is greatly deformed and even damaged, and the tightness of the pre-compaction process and the subsequent compaction work are affected. The midway replacement of the sealant and the vacuum bag not only increases the consumable cost, but also increases the time cost, and generally, the preparation time of about 10 minutes is additionally increased for the replacement of the sealant and the vacuum bag once.
The pre-compaction device can be repeatedly used and is simple to operate, and the sealing operation of pre-compaction can be completed only by buckling the pre-compaction device on the sample plate and slightly pressing the frame. Compared with the traditional vacuum bag and sealant pre-compaction process, the method provided by the invention saves a lot of tedious and repetitive work, and greatly improves the preparation efficiency.
Claims (10)
1. A prepreg pre-compaction device is characterized in that: the device comprises a closed frame, an elastic sealing element and a vacuum pumping port, wherein a through hole is formed in the closed frame, the vacuum pumping port is formed in the elastic sealing element, and the elastic sealing element is connected with the closed frame in a sealing mode and covers the through hole.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the closed frame is detachably connected with the forming die, and the elastic sealing element is arranged between the closed frame and the forming die after the closed frame and the forming die are connected.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size of the closed frame is larger than that of the sample to be molded, and the closed frame is made of alloy.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flatness of the closed frame is not more than 0.25, the through holes are arranged along the thickness direction of the closed frame, and the number of the through holes is at least one.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the elastic sealing piece is specifically of a two-dimensional plane type and comprises a rubber sheet, a plastic film, a vacuum bag, a silica gel sheet and a closed-cell foam material, the size of the elastic sealing piece is larger than that of the closed frame, and the elongation of the elastic sealing piece is not lower than 80%.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the elastic sealing element and the closed frame are connected in a sealing mode through clamping, bonding and welding.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the joint part of the elastic sealing element and the closed frame is also coated or stuck with an auxiliary sealing material, wherein the auxiliary sealing material comprises a sealing glue, a sealing strip and foam.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sealing connection strength between the elastic sealing member and the closed frame is not lower than 200kgf/cm 2 。
9. A method of producing a composite laminate using a prepreg pre-compaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised by the steps of: (a) laying prepreg on a forming mould according to a layering sequence, then covering a pre-compaction device to seal the prepreg and the forming mould together, connecting a vacuumizing device with a vacuum pumping opening of the pre-compaction device, and starting the vacuumizing device to perform pre-compaction treatment; (b) closing the vacuumizing device, removing the pre-compacting device, continuously paving the prepreg, and performing pre-compacting treatment again according to the method in the step (a); (c) and repeating the paving and pre-compacting treatment until the preset thickness is reached, and finally curing and forming.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: at least one layer of breathable felt is laid on the surface of the prepreg after the prepreg is laid every time, and the vacuum degree of a cavity where the prepreg is located is not more than-0.1 MPa during vacuumizing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210481571.6A CN114953502A (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Prepreg pre-compaction device and method for preparing composite laminated board by using same |
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| CN202210481571.6A CN114953502A (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Prepreg pre-compaction device and method for preparing composite laminated board by using same |
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| CN110843234A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-28 | 西安爱生技术集团公司 | Forming process method of unmanned aerial vehicle carbon fiber composite main beam |
| CN112721244A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-30 | 江西昌兴航空装备股份有限公司 | Quick pre-pumping machine for composite material |
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