CN114949254A - Hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the carrier takes zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as raw materials, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a structure directing agent, and tannic acid is used for etching a solid ZIF-8 nano MOF structure to obtain the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier. Compared with the prior art, the synthesis method of the hollow mesoporous structure cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier is simple, convenient, green and safe, and the synthesized hollow mesoporous structure cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier has high biocompatibility, large specific surface area, response degradation to weak acid conditions, chemical kinetics treatment function and good application prospect in the aspects of integration of anticancer drug delivery, biological imaging and tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano-drug carrier preparation, in particular to a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Cancer is undoubtedly a major threat to human health worldwide. Although a large number of anticancer drugs are currently available, chemotherapy still faces insurmountable challenges as the primary means of clinical cancer therapy, such as drug resistance and serious side effects.
In recent years, many existing chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) require a drug carrier for targeted tumor delivery to achieve a desired therapeutic effect in order to reduce the side effects and damage to normal cells of the chemotherapeutic drug and increase its biocompatibility and high penetration and retention effects. However, many nano-carriers have certain defects, such as poor biocompatibility, low drug loading rate and the like, and can only serve as drug carriers, and cannot play a role in treatment at the same time. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials are very promising materials for cancer therapy due to their ultra-high specific surface area, high crystallinity and diverse topology. For biomedical applications, MOFs are biocompatible and have low toxicity to normal human cells. Scientists now explore a variety of MOFs, low-toxic transition metal cations (Zn), in the field of targeted tumor delivery nanocarriers 2+ 、Fe 2+/3+ Etc.) can be complexed with therapeutically active moleculesIn addition to its inherent pore structure and abundance of unsaturated metal ion sites, MOF is also an ideal drug carrier for cancer therapy.
Zeolitic imidazole framework-8(ZIF-8) is a zeolite-like imidazolate framework material, is a novel nano-porous material with a zeolite topological structure formed by connecting transition metal ions (Zn/Co) or metal clusters and imidazole or imidazole derivatives, and belongs to one of metal organic framework materials. However, conventional ZIF-8 nanomaterials are typically solid microporous and thus exhibit limited drug-loading capabilities. In addition, drugs adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles are easily shed under complex physiological conditions. Therefore, the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-carriers (ZIF-8 HMNCs) capable of stably loading a large amount of drugs into the cavities of the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-carriers have wider prospects in the aspect of drug delivery. Depending on the hollow structure and stronger drug loading capacity, ZIF-8HMNCs not only can provide effective drug encapsulation, but also show accurate tumor focus micro-acid response degradation performance, and realize the chemical kinetics treatment effect of the self-catalysis in tumor by released metal ions while realizing the drug target delivery, so that the ZIF-8HMNCs are expected to be applied to clinical multi-mode synergistic tumor treatment in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects described above, the invention provides a nano-carrier with high biocompatibility, a hollow mesoporous structure and a chemical dynamics therapy function, and the preparation method of the nano-carrier is green and environment-friendly and simple to operate, and in order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier, a preparation method and an application thereof, and specifically comprises the following contents:
a preparation method of a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a solid ZIF-8 nanostructure: firstly, mixing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and zinc nitrate hexahydrate in deionized water, dispersing uniformly, then adding the solution into an aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole, reacting for 2-3 hours at room temperature, and processing the product to obtain white powder, namely a solid ZIF-8 nano structure;
s2, preparing a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier: firstly, dispersing the prepared solid ZIF-8 nano structure in deionized water, adding a tannic acid solution after uniform dispersion, stirring at room temperature for 2-3 h, and treating a product to obtain faint yellow powder, namely ZIF-8 HMNCs.
Preferably, the mixing of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and the zinc nitrate hexahydrate in the deionized water in the step S1 is specifically as follows: 10-20 mg of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 300-600 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate are mixed in 10-20 mL of deionized water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole in step S1 is specifically as follows: 70-140 mL of an aqueous solution containing 5-10 g of 2-methylimidazole is prepared.
Preferably, the step S2 of dispersing the prepared solid ZIF-8 nanostructure in deionized water specifically includes: dispersing 100-200 mg of the prepared solid ZIF-8 nano structure in 15-30 mL of deionized water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the tannic acid solution is specifically as follows: dissolving 250-500 mg of tannic acid in 10-20 mL of deionized water.
Preferably, the specific mode adopted for uniform dispersion is as follows: and (4) carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-45 min.
Preferably, the specific steps for treating the reaction product are as follows: centrifuging at 10000-12000 r/min for 5-10 min, washing with methanol for 3-5 times, and finally transferring the centrifuged product to a drying oven at 40-60 ℃ for drying.
The invention also aims to provide a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, and the chemical expression is ZIF-8 HMNCs.
The last purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier prepared by the preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier in the direction of drug carriers and targeted therapy.
According to the method, zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole are used as raw materials, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is used as a structure directing agent, tannic acid is used as an etching agent, a core-shell structure is designed, and the size of a hollow shell layer and the size of pore diameter are controlled, so that the nano-drug carrier has the characteristics of large loading area and difficulty in falling of loaded drugs, and can be an ideal carrier of potential anticancer drugs due to the two advantages. The cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide can keep the shape of the synthesized ZIF-8 cubic all the time, and the cubic structure is more beneficial to the loading of the medicine on the surface of the material. In addition, as ZIF-8 has acid response degradation capability, the nano-carrier can accurately reach a tumor microacid environment and release a drug in a targeted manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method takes zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as raw materials, and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a structure directing agent to rapidly synthesize and prepare a monodisperse ZIF-8 nano structure with smaller particle size; and then the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano drug carrier is prepared by etching with tannic acid. The preparation scheme, the structural design and the theoretical universality are blank at home and abroad, and can be realized by only adopting two steps, the two-step synthesis process is simple and easy to implement, the conditions are mild, and the generated nano-carrier has good dispersibility and uniform particle size distribution.
In addition, the prepared ZIF-8HMNCs have a hollow mesoporous structure, can form pi-pi conjugated effect with a plurality of medicines, and can also form coordination relationship with various metal ions, so that a coordination network of medicine-metal ions-ZIF-8 can be formed, the loaded anticancer medicine is further stabilized, and in addition, the used metal ions such as Zn 2+ 、Fe 2+/3+ 、Mn 2+/4+ And the like may be used for biological imaging contrast and triggering the intra-tumor fenton reaction to realize the chemo-kinetic treatment. Therefore, the nano-drug carrier provided by the invention has higher drug loading rate and drug loading stability. The product has high biological safety, and the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-drug carrier prepared based on the method has good response degradation capability in the pH range of 5-7, so that the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-drug carrier can be used as an excellent tumor treatment drug targeted release carrier.
Finally, the synthetic route of the nano-carrier is simple and easy to operate, uniform in particle size distribution, high in product purity, green and environment-friendly, and most importantly, the nano-carrier can be used as a potential diagnosis and treatment integrated nano platform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope picture of a solid ZIF-8 nanocube;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron microscope photograph of a solid ZIF-8 nanocube;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of ZIF-8 HMNCs;
FIG. 4 is a transmission electron microscope photograph of ZIF-8 HMNCs;
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of solid ZIF-8 nanocubes, ZIF-8HMNCs and ZIF-8 standard cards;
FIG. 6 is a solid ZIF-8 nanocube N 2 An adsorption-desorption curve;
FIG. 7 is a pore size distribution curve for a solid ZIF-8 nanocube;
FIG. 8 is N of ZIF-8HMNCs 2 An adsorption-desorption curve;
FIG. 9 is a pore size distribution curve of ZIF-8 HMNCs.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment describes a preparation method of a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a solid ZIF-8 nano structure: 10mg of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 300mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O) is mixed in 10mL deionized water, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min to ensure that the mixture is uniformly dispersed, then the solution is added into 80mL aqueous solution containing 5g of 2-methylimidazole, the mixture is vigorously stirred for 2h at room temperature and then centrifuged for 5min at 10000r/min, and the mixture is usedWashing with methanol for 3 times, transferring the centrifuged product to a 60 ℃ oven for drying, and obtaining white powder, namely a ZIF-8 cube;
(2) preparing a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier: firstly, dispersing the micropore ZIF-8100 mg prepared in the first step in 15mL deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to ensure that the micropore ZIF-8100 mg is uniformly dispersed, then dissolving 250mg of tannic acid in 10mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then adding the tannic acid solution into a ZIF-8 solution system, etching a coordination structure in ZIF-8 by using the tannic acid, stirring for 2h at room temperature, centrifuging at 10000r/min for 5min, washing for 3 times by using methanol, and finally transferring the centrifuged product to a 60 ℃ oven for drying to obtain faint yellow powder, namely ZIF-8 HMNCs.
Example 2:
the embodiment describes a preparation method of a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a solid ZIF-8 nano structure: 20mg of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 600mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O) is mixed in 20mL of deionized water, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min to ensure that the mixture is uniformly dispersed, then the solution is added into 140mL of aqueous solution containing 10g of 2-methylimidazole, the mixture is stirred vigorously for 2h at room temperature, then the mixture is centrifuged for 10min at 10000r/min and washed for 3 times by methanol, the centrifuged product is transferred to a 60 ℃ oven to be dried, and the obtained white powder is a ZIF-8 cube;
(2) preparing a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier: firstly dispersing the micro-pores ZIF-8200 mg prepared in the first step in 300mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to ensure that the micro-pores ZIF-8200 mg are uniformly dispersed, then dissolving 500mg of tannic acid in 20mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then adding the tannic acid solution into a ZIF-8 solution system, etching a coordination structure in the ZIF-8 by using the tannic acid, stirring for 2h at room temperature, centrifuging at 10000r/min for 5min, washing for 5 times by using methanol, and finally transferring the centrifuged product to a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying to obtain faint yellow powder, namely ZIF-8 HMNCs.
Example 3
The embodiment describes a preparation method of a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a solid ZIF-8 nano structure: first 15mg of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 450mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O) is mixed in 15mL deionized water, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min to ensure that the mixture is uniformly dispersed, then the solution is added into 100mL aqueous solution containing 7.5g of 2-methylimidazole, the mixture is stirred vigorously for 2h at room temperature, then the mixture is centrifuged for 5min at 11000r/min and washed for 3 times by methanol, the centrifuged product is transferred to a 60 ℃ drying oven to be dried, and the obtained white powder is ZIF-8 cube;
(2) preparing a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier: firstly dispersing 50mg of microporous ZIF-81prepared in the first step in 20mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to ensure that the microporous ZIF-81is uniformly dispersed, then dissolving 300g of tannic acid in 15mL of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40min, then adding the tannic acid solution into a ZIF-8 solution system, etching a coordination structure in ZIF-8 by using the tannic acid, stirring for 2h at room temperature, centrifuging at 10000r/min for 5min, washing for 3 times by using methanol, and finally transferring the centrifuged product to a 50 ℃ oven for drying to obtain faint yellow powder, namely ZIF-8 HMNCs.
The solid ZIF-8 nanocubes obtained in example 1 were characterized, wherein a scanning electron microscope picture is shown in fig. 1, and a transmission electron microscope is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from the figure that the solid ZIF-8 nanocubes were standard cubes, had a particle size of about 130nm, were uniform in size, and had good dispersibility.
And then, carrying out structural characterization on the obtained ZIF-8HMNCs, wherein the obtained scanning electron microscope picture is shown in figure 3, and the obtained transmission electron microscope picture is shown in figure 4, and the figure shows that the ZIF-8HMNCs have obvious hollow structures and the size of about 130 nm.
An X-ray diffraction spectrum is respectively drawn on the solid ZIF-8 nanocubes, the ZIF-8HMNCs and the ZIF-8 standard cards in the example 1, as shown in FIG. 5, and compared with the ZIF-8 standard cards, the synthesized material is proved to be ZIF-8.
Finally, the pore size of the ZIF-8HMNCs is tested, and the solid ZIF-8 nanocubes and the solid ZIF-8HMNCs are subjected to adsorption experiments respectively to obtain a nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve and a pore size distribution curve as shown in fig. 6-9, wherein fig. 6 shows the solid ZIN of F-8 nanocubes 2 An adsorption-desorption curve; fig. 7 is a graph of the corresponding pore size distribution. The solid cubic pore diameter is less than 2nm, the average pore diameter is about 1nm, the majority of the pore diameters are micropores, and N is 2 The adsorption-desorption curve is type IV, but the hysteresis loop is hardly visible.
FIG. 8 is N of ZIF-8HMNCs 2 An adsorption-desorption curve; fig. 9 is a graph of the corresponding pore size distribution. ZIF-8HMNCs have an average pore size of about 3nm, N 2 The adsorption and desorption curve is IV type, a hysteresis loop exists, and the mesoporous material is a standard mesoporous material.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:
the invention provides a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the carrier takes zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as raw materials, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a structure directing agent, and a solid ZIF-8 nano MOF structure is etched by tannic acid to obtain the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier. Compared with the prior art, the synthesis method of the hollow mesoporous structure cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier is simple, convenient, green and safe, and the synthesized hollow mesoporous structure cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier has high biocompatibility, large specific surface area, response degradation to weak acid conditions, chemical kinetics treatment function and good application prospect in the aspects of anticancer drug delivery, biological imaging and tumor diagnosis and treatment integration.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of a solid ZIF-8 nanostructure: firstly, mixing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and zinc nitrate hexahydrate in deionized water, dispersing uniformly, then adding the solution into an aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole, reacting for 2-3 hours at room temperature, and processing the product to obtain white powder, namely a solid ZIF-8 nano structure;
s2, preparing a hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano carrier: firstly, dispersing the prepared solid ZIF-8 nano structure in deionized water, adding a tannic acid solution after uniform dispersion, stirring at room temperature for 2-3 h, and treating a product to obtain faint yellow powder, namely ZIF-8 HMNCs.
2. The preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nanocarrier of claim 1, wherein the mixing of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and zinc nitrate hexahydrate in deionized water in step S1 specifically comprises: 10-20 mg of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 300-600 mg of zinc nitrate hexahydrate are mixed in 10-20 mL of deionized water.
3. The method for preparing the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nanocarrier according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole in step S1 is specifically as follows: 70-140 mL of an aqueous solution containing 5-10 g of 2-methylimidazole is prepared.
4. The method for preparing the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-carrier according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 of dispersing the prepared solid ZIF-8 nano-structure in deionized water specifically comprises: dispersing 100-200 mg of the prepared solid ZIF-8 nano structure in 15-30 mL of deionized water.
5. The preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nanocarrier according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the tannic acid solution is specifically as follows: dissolving 250-500 mg of tannic acid in 10-20 mL of deionized water.
6. The preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nanocarrier according to claim 1, wherein the specific manner of uniform dispersion is: and (4) carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-45 min.
7. The preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nanocarrier according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of treating the reaction product is: centrifuging at 10000-12000 r/min for 5-10 min, washing with methanol for 3-5 times, and finally transferring the centrifuged product to a drying oven at 40-60 ℃ for drying.
8. A hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the hollow mesoporous cubic ZIF-8 nano-carrier as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the chemical expression of the carrier is ZIF-8 HMNCs.
9. An application of the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-carrier prepared by the preparation method of the hollow mesoporous ZIF-8 nano-carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in drug carriers and targeted therapy directions.
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