CN114948195A - Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna - Google Patents

Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114948195A
CN114948195A CN202210491902.4A CN202210491902A CN114948195A CN 114948195 A CN114948195 A CN 114948195A CN 202210491902 A CN202210491902 A CN 202210491902A CN 114948195 A CN114948195 A CN 114948195A
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China
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microwave ablation
metal
coaxial cable
head
pulmonary
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CN202210491902.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨霞
杨婷
张鹏
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Nantong Rongfeng Medical Technology Co ltd
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Nantong Rongfeng Medical Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210491902.4A priority Critical patent/CN114948195A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A61B2018/00023—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids closed, i.e. without wound contact by the fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00541—Lung or bronchi
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00791—Temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
    • A61B2018/183—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves characterised by the type of antenna
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
    • A61B2018/1869—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves with an instrument interstitially inserted into the body, e.g. needles

Abstract

The invention relates to a lung milled glass nodule microwave ablation antenna, which comprises a metal prick head, a coaxial cable, a needle rod and an insulating medium pipe arranged between the metal prick head and the needle rod. The metal prick head is provided with a tail part which extends backwards from the shoulder part and is connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the tail part of the metal prick head is sleeved with an insulating medium tube, the front end of the insulating medium tube is provided with an annular flange, the needle rod is sleeved on the insulating medium tube at the rear part of the annular flange, and the annular flange is provided with an emission window of the microwave ablation antenna.

Description

Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microwave ablation antenna, in particular to a ground-glass knot (GGN) microwave ablation antenna.
Background
With the popularity and development of healthy subjects and high-resolution CT, more and more lung GGNs are discovered early. Some GGNs are closely related to lung cancer and require clinical intervention, and their pathological types include pre-invasive lesions (atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ) and invasive lesions (microaneurturized adenocarcinoma, invasive adenocarcinoma). Biological characteristics are inert growth, with lesion sizes typically below 2cm, most around 1cm or sub-cm in size. The imaging of the lesion was characterized by a frosted glass profile with an overall density significantly lower than that of conventional solid lung adenocarcinoma (depending on the solid component ratios). The less the solid component, the lower the overall lesion density, the closer to normal lung tissue.
The lung GGN treatment by percutaneous puncture and thermal ablation has obvious advantages of accurate positioning, enough ablation range to cover focuses, few complications, small lung function damage, repeated treatment of multiple nodules, low medical cost and the like. Is the most advantageous minimally invasive treatment method for treating lung early cancer in the future.
The clinical application of heat ablation to lung GGN is the traditional water-cooling circulation microwave ablation needle, which is used for the ablation of liver tumor at the earliest and is later used for the treatment of lung solid tumor including primary and metastatic lung tumor. Whether it is a liver or lung solid mass, the physical thermal conductivity is mainly determined by the water content in the solid tumor, and the ablation range is less affected by the surrounding normal lung tissue. Because the heat is mainly limited in the tumor body, the damage to the surrounding normal lung tissue is small, and the possibility that the surrounding normal lung tissue is cavitated due to the local ultrahigh temperature (>150 ℃) at the needle rod part is also small. For GGN ablation, as the tumor body is small (mostly in a sub-centimeter level), the solid components are less, the density of the heated tumor body is close to that of the surrounding normal lung tissue, the gas content is high, the heat conduction is slow, and the ablation area is easy to show that the temperature of the central part is too high (carbonization) and the temperature of the surrounding part is too low. The solidified necrotic area created by ablation is in the form of a long narrow ellipsoid (olive-shaped with wide ends and middle) with an aspect ratio typically < 0.5. On the other hand, the lung belongs to an open organ, the central part of the lung is carbonized due to overhigh temperature, and cavities are formed, secondary infection is easy to occur in the cavities, and particularly, the invasive fungal infection can cause the patient to suffer from hemoptysis and even die. In summary, the conventional ablation needle has defects of both curative effect and safety when being used for the treatment of the sub-centimeter grade GGN, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna, wherein an ablation area is more approximately spherical.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a pulmonary abrasion glass nodule microwave ablation antenna which comprises a metal puncture head, a coaxial cable, a needle rod and an insulating medium tube arranged between the metal puncture head and the needle rod, wherein the metal puncture head is provided with a tail part which extends backwards from a shoulder part and is connected with an inner conductor of the coaxial cable, the insulating medium tube is sleeved on the tail part of the metal puncture head, the front end of the insulating medium tube is provided with an annular flange, the needle rod is sleeved on the insulating medium tube at the rear part of the annular flange, and the annular flange is provided with an emission window of the antenna.
The lung grinding glass nodule microwave ablation antenna provided by the invention is a monopole antenna, the metal thorn head is a radiation pole, and the shell of the needle rod is an induction ground wire. Because the length of the radiation pole of the antenna and the width of the radiation window are smaller than the size of the traditional monopole or dipole antenna, the microwave radiation unit is closer to the central point, so that the radiation pattern is closer to a spherical shape. The structure of the antenna has higher mechanical strength and electrical strength, can bear radiation with higher power, and the diameter of a reasonable ablation body can reach 3-5 cm.
Aiming at the ablation treatment of the GGN, the microwave ablation antenna has the following beneficial effects:
1. the ablation zone is more spherical, i.e. the aspect ratio is close to 1.
2. Compared with the change of the ablation long diameter, the transverse diameter is easier to adjust along with the change of power and time, and the purpose that the outer side of the GGN focus edge is completely covered by about 1cm is achieved.
3. The temperature of the needle bar part is reduced to be kept at 90-100 ℃ and can be stably conducted to the periphery, so that the lung tissue in the range of 1cm around the tumor body as the center can uniformly keep the coagulation necrosis temperature of more than 60 ℃. The needle rod part is not carbonized, so that the cavity formation in the ablation area is avoided.
4. For the case of biopsy simultaneous ablation therapy, a coaxial trocar with a diameter <16G is used to avoid bleeding in the puncture path from covering the GGN. The matched ablation needle can ensure that the aspect ratio is close to 1 and the ablation range completely covers the focus and the surrounding normal lung tissue within the range of 1cm despite the thinner pipe diameter.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pulmonary ablation glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the voltage standing wave ratio of a lung milled glass nodule microwave ablation antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a microwave field diagram of a pulmonary milled glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of the present invention.
The numbers in the figures are as follows: 1-metal puncture head, 2-insulating medium pipe, 3-needle bar, 4-coaxial cable, 41-inner conductor, 42-medium layer, 43-outer conductor, 5-epoxy glue, 6-water plugging shaft and 7-cooling water cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the lung nodule microwave ablation antenna of the present embodiment includes a metal puncture head 1, a coaxial cable 4, a needle rod 3, an insulating medium tube 2, a water blocking shaft 6 and an epoxy glue 5.
Wherein the metal piercing head 1 has a sharp piercing portion, a shoulder portion connected to the piercing portion, and a tail portion extending rearwardly from the shoulder portion and connected to the inner conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 4.
The insulating medium pipe 2 is sleeved at the tail part of the metal puncture head 1, and the front end of the insulating medium pipe 2 is provided with an annular flange A.
The needle rod 3 is sleeved on the insulating medium pipe 2 at the rear part of the annular flange A, the front end of the needle rod props against the rear vertical surface of the annular flange A, the front vertical surface of the annular flange A props against the rear end surface of the shoulder part of the metal prick head 1, and the needle rod, the insulating medium pipe 2 and the annular flange A are tightly pressed and fixed.
The water plugging shaft 6 is arranged between the outer conductor 43 of the coaxial cable 4 and the needle bar 3, and the three are tightly matched. Specifically, the inner hole of the water blocking shaft 6 is tightly matched with the outer conductor 43 of the coaxial cable 4, and the outer wall of the water blocking shaft 6 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the needle rod 3. A space is formed between the water plugging shaft 6 and the insulating medium pipe 2, epoxy resin glue 5 is filled in the space, and the resin glue 5 is used for fixing the joint of the coaxial cable and the tail part of the metal puncture head 1 so as not to loosen. The gap between the outer conductor 43 of the coaxial cable 4 behind the water plugging shaft 6 and the inner wall and the outer wall of the needle bar 3 is a cooling water cavity 7.
The coaxial cable 4 is composed of an inner conductor 41, a dielectric layer 42 and an outer conductor 43, and the outer conductor at the front end is stripped off to connect the exposed inner conductor with the tail of the metal piercing head 1. In this example. The tail of the metal puncture head 1 is provided with a blind hole, the exposed inner conductor 41 at the front end of the coaxial cable 4 is inserted into the blind hole and fixed, and the front end of the dielectric layer 42 props against the rear vertical surface of the tail of the metal puncture head 1.
In the invention, the microwave emission window of the pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna at the annular flange A is used for radiating the microwave outwards.
The preferred size range for the pulmonary abrasion glass nodule microwave ablation antenna is as follows:
the width of the annular flange A is 0.4-0.6 cm; the puncture part of the metal puncture head 1 is 4.1-4.2cm in length, the shoulder part is 0.9-1.1cm in length, the tail part is 9.5-10.0cm in length, the outer diameter of the shoulder part of the metal puncture head 1 is 1.4-1.8cm, and the outer diameter of the tail part of the metal puncture head 1 is 0.5-0.7 cm. The outer diameter of the needle bar 3 is 1.4-1.8cm, and the inner diameter of the needle bar 3 is 1.2-1.6 cm. The width of the epoxy glue 5 is 1.4-1.6 cm. The coaxial cable is a phi 0.787cm coaxial cable, and the outer diameter of the inner conductor is 0.2032 cm.
Therefore, the pulmonary abrasion glass nodule microwave ablation antenna is produced and actually measured, and the physical size of the antenna is as follows: the puncture part of the metal puncture head 1 is 4.14cm in length, the shoulder part is 1.0cm in length, the tail part is 9.03cm in length, the outer diameter of the shoulder part of the metal puncture head 1 is 1.6cm, and the outer diameter of the tail part of the metal puncture head 1 is 0.6 cm. The outer diameter of the needle bar 3 is 1.4-1.8cm, and the inner diameter of the needle bar 3 is 1.4 cm. The width of the epoxy glue 5 is 1.5 cm. The coaxial cable is a phi 0.787cm coaxial cable, and the outer diameter of the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is 0.2032 cm.
Fig. 2 shows the voltage standing wave ratio of the microwave ablation antenna produced as described above, which is generated by superposition of reflected waves generated by the transmission of incident wave energy to the input end of the microwave antenna without being totally absorbed (radiated), the greater the VSWR, the greater the transmission, and the poorer the matching. It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna at the frequency of 2.45GHz is 1.8686, and the voltage standing wave ratio of the lung milled glass nodule microwave ablation antenna is reduced from the prior 2.4 to 1.86.
Fig. 3 is a microwave field diagram of the pulmonary ablation glass nodule microwave antenna of the present invention, as seen from the figure: the ablation zone is near the front end of the antenna and is more spherical, particularly suitable for the ablation treatment of GGNs.
The following table shows effective ablation ranges (width x length forward stroke distance, unit is mm) of the lung milled glass nodule microwave ablation antenna in ablation experiments under different powers (20w, 40w, 60w and 80w) and times (5min, 10min and 15min), and the object used in the ablation experiments is pork liver, wherein the forward stroke distance refers to the distance from a needle tip to the edge of the ablation range.
5min 10min 15min
20w 18.97*18.31*1 27.08*24.38*2 28.60*28.38*2
40w 23.97*22.94*2 34.36*28.35*4 31.07*31.59*5
60w 25.51*28.75*5 35.80*33.82*7 42.59*49.88*4
80w 29.58*32.13*6 40.41*41.94*8 41.71*38.46*8
The thermocouples are fixed at different positions of the needle rod for temperature measurement, and experimental data show that the temperature of the needle rod is lower than that of a common ablation needle, and the temperature of each part is kept uniform.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a lung grinds glass nodule microwave ablation antenna, includes metal thorn head (1), coaxial cable (4), needle bar (3) and sets up insulating medium pipe (2) between metal thorn head (1) and needle bar (3), and metal thorn head (1) has the afterbody that extends backward and be connected with coaxial cable (4) inner conductor (41) from the shoulder, its characterized in that: the tail of the metal puncture head (1) is sleeved with the insulating medium tube (2), an annular flange (A) is arranged at the front end of the insulating medium tube (2), the insulating medium tube (2) at the rear part of the annular flange (A) is sleeved with the needle rod (3), and an emission window of the microwave ablation antenna is arranged at the annular flange (A).
2. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the water plugging device is also provided with a water plugging shaft (6) arranged between the outer conductor (43) of the coaxial cable (4) and the needle rod (3), and an insulator (5) is filled between the water plugging shaft (6) and the insulating medium pipe (2).
3. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 2, wherein: the insulator (5) is epoxy resin glue.
4. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 2, wherein: and a cooling water cavity (7) is arranged in a gap between the outer conductor (43) of the coaxial cable (4) positioned behind the water plugging shaft (6) and the inner wall and the outer wall of the needle rod (3).
5. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 2, wherein: the inner hole of the water plugging shaft (6) is tightly matched with the outer conductor (43) of the coaxial cable (4), and the outer wall of the water plugging shaft (6) is tightly matched with the inner wall of the needle rod (3).
6. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the front end of the dielectric layer (42) of the coaxial cable (4) is propped against the rear end of the tail part of the metal puncture head (1).
7. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the tail part of the metal puncture head (1) is provided with a blind hole, and the inner conductor (41) of the coaxial cable (4) is embedded in the blind hole.
8. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the width of the annular flange (A) is 0.4-0.6cm, the tail length of the metal puncturing head (1) is 9.5-10.0cm, the tail outer diameter of the metal puncturing head (1) is 0.5-0.7cm, and the diameters of the needle rod (3) and the metal puncturing head (1) are 1.4-1.8 cm.
9. The pulmonary frosted glass nodule microwave ablation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the metal stabbing head (1), the water plugging shaft (6) and the needle rod (3) are made of copper or copper alloy, and the insulating medium pipe (2) is made of zirconium dioxide.
CN202210491902.4A 2022-05-05 2022-05-05 Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna Pending CN114948195A (en)

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CN202210491902.4A CN114948195A (en) 2022-05-05 2022-05-05 Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210491902.4A CN114948195A (en) 2022-05-05 2022-05-05 Lung grinds glass nodule microwave and melts antenna

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114948195A true CN114948195A (en) 2022-08-30

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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