CN114946360A - Prevent blockking up screw fertilization mechanism and control system thereof - Google Patents
Prevent blockking up screw fertilization mechanism and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946360A CN114946360A CN202210486744.3A CN202210486744A CN114946360A CN 114946360 A CN114946360 A CN 114946360A CN 202210486744 A CN202210486744 A CN 202210486744A CN 114946360 A CN114946360 A CN 114946360A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004397 blinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-blocking spiral fertilizing mechanism and a control system thereof, wherein the fertilizing mechanism comprises: a frame; two at least fertilizer injection unit, fertilizer injection unit installs in the frame bilateral symmetry, and every fertilizer injection unit includes: a main beam; the U-shaped trough is arranged on the main beam; the fertilizer box is arranged on the main beam and is positioned above the U-shaped trough; a variable cross-section discharge hole is formed in the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough at one end far away from the fertilizer box, and a plug removal opening is formed in the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough at one end close to the fertilizer box; the inside and outside guiding fertilization screw rods are arranged in the U-shaped trough; the driving device is used for driving the fertilizing screw to rotate for fertilizing; a control system is also included. By adopting the fertilizing mechanism and the control system, the working state of the fertilizing mechanism can be monitored in real time, so that the working of the fertilizing screw is controlled, the alarm under the blocking working condition and the reverse blockage clearing of the screw under the heavy-load working condition are realized, and the problem of blockage is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an anti-blocking spiral fertilizing mechanism and a control system thereof.
Background
Sugarcane is a tropical crop and a main sugar crop in China, the planting area accounts for more than 85% of the planting area of the sugar crop in China, China is the third largest sugarcane producing country in the world, and the sugarcane industry becomes an important pillar for economic development of main producing areas in China and a main source for increasing income of farmers, wherein Guangxi is one of main centralized sugarcane planting areas, the sugarcane yield accounts for more than 60% of the national yield, the field management of sugarcane planting is vital and directly influences the sugarcane yield, most of the conventional sugarcane field management in Guangxi areas adopts a manual operation mode, the labor intensity is high, the mechanization level is low, the labor cost is continuously increased, the development of the sugarcane planting industry in Guangxi areas is restricted, fertilization and rotary tillage is an important part in the field management and is indispensable, a rotary tillage and fertilization compound machine tool used for the sugarcane field management needs to be designed, and the sugarcane intertillage and fertilization are used for ensuring good growth of sugarcane, The important measures for increasing both production and income are achieved. The existing rotary tillage and fertilization mechanism adopts a fertilization screw rod to convey and put in, but the fertilizer is easy to agglomerate to block the fertilization mechanism due to reasons such as wet weather, and the fertilizer needs to be stopped frequently to be cleaned, so that the fertilization efficiency and the fertilization effect are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-blocking spiral fertilizing mechanism and a control system thereof, so that the defect that the fertilizing efficiency and effect are affected by the fact that the conventional fertilizing mechanism is prone to caking and blocking due to high fertilizer humidity is overcome.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism, comprising: a frame; at least two fertilizer injection unit, two this fertilizer injection unit bilateral symmetry install in the well lower part of frame, every fertilizer injection unit includes: a main beam; the U-shaped trough is arranged on the main beam; the fertilizer box is arranged on the main beam and positioned above the U-shaped trough, and a feed opening at the bottom of the fertilizer box corresponds to the inner end of the U-shaped trough; the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough is provided with a variable cross-section discharge hole at one end far away from the fertilizer box, and the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough is provided with a blockage removing opening at the other end close to the fertilizer box; the U-shaped trough is internally provided with an internally and externally guided fertilization screw; and the driving device is arranged on the main beam and used for driving the fertilizing screw rod to rotate for fertilizing.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the driving device includes a hydraulic motor and a coupler, two of the fertilizing screws of the fertilizing devices are connected through the coupler, and the hydraulic motor is installed on the main beam and connected with one of the fertilizing screws.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, each fertilizer injection device further includes a cam mechanism and a bending plate, and the bending plate is hinged to the variable cross-section discharge port and used for opening and closing the variable cross-section discharge port; the cam mechanism comprises a cam shaft provided with a cam, the cam shaft is rotatably arranged below the U-shaped trough, and the cam is used for opening and closing the bending plate; wherein, the camshaft is connected with the fertilizing screw through a chain transmission mechanism.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, a horizontal projection plane of the variable cross-section discharge port is in a trapezoid shape with a small inside and a large outside.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the screw threads at the inner end and the outer end of each fertilizing screw are opposite in rotation direction.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, each lower end of the block discharge port is provided with a block discharge pipe, and an outlet of the block discharge pipe extends outwards to a position corresponding to the variable cross-section discharge port.
A control system for an anti-jam screw fertilizing mechanism, comprising: the pressure sensor and the transmitter thereof are arranged on the driving device and are used for measuring the load pressure value of the driving device in real time; the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the fertilizer box and used for monitoring the fertilizer amount in the fertilizer box in real time; the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the driving device and used for recording the rotating speed value of the driving device; the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the driving device and is used for controlling the opening, closing and steering of the driving device; the pressure sensor and the transmitter thereof, the photoelectric sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the electromagnetic reversing valve are in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is used for receiving information transmitted by the sensors and controlling the work of the electromagnetic reversing valve according to the information.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the device further comprises a buzzer and an alarm lamp, and the buzzer and the alarm lamp are both in data connection with the single chip microcomputer.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the single chip microcomputer is configured to read a load pressure value, a rotation speed value and a fertilizer amount of the fertilizer box of the driving device, and compare a calculated value calculated by the S-shaped activation function with a set threshold value; when the fertilizing mechanism works, the singlechip controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a right state, the driving device rotates in the positive direction, and fertilizer in the fertilizer box is discharged from the variable cross-section discharge hole;
when no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box, the calculation value of the single chip microcomputer is smaller than the no-load threshold value of 0.25, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send out no-load signals, the single chip microcomputer judges that no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box, and the buzzer gives an alarm;
when the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer is more than or equal to 0.25 and less than 0.5, the calculated value is within a normal operation threshold value, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send normal signals, and the single chip microcomputer judges that the fertilizing device is in a normal operation state and continues to receive the signals in real time;
when the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than 0.75, the calculated value is within a heavy load threshold value, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send heavy load signals, the single chip microcomputer judges that the fertilizing device is in a heavy load state, and the alarm lamp flickers immediately; intermittently switching the state of the electromagnetic directional valve to enable the electromagnetic directional valve to be switched between a right state and a left state, driving the fertilizing screw to rotate forward and reversely in a circulating manner, enabling the fertilizer in the U-shaped trough to flow out of the blockage discharging opening, dredging the U-shaped trough and relieving the flicker of the alarm lamp; then switching the electromagnetic directional valve to a right state, and continuously keeping the single chip microcomputer to receive signals in real time;
when the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer is more than or equal to 0.75 and less than 1, the calculated value is within a serious blockage threshold value, the pressure sensor, the transmitter of the pressure sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send out a blockage signal, the single chip microcomputer judges that the fertilizing screw rod is in a blockage state, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a middle position state, the driving device is closed, meanwhile, the buzzer gives an alarm, and the alarm lamp flickers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the fertilizing mechanism, the U-shaped trough is provided with the blockage discharging opening, when the fertilizer is blocked by the fertilizer-applying screw rod, the fertilizer-applying screw rod is driven to rotate repeatedly and alternately in the forward direction and the reverse direction, so that the fertilizer in the U-shaped trough can be discharged from the blockage discharging opening, the problem of fertilizer blockage is solved, and the fertilizing efficiency and effect are improved.
2. By adopting the control system of the fertilizing mechanism, the pressure and the rotating speed of the driving device and the fertilizer amount in the fertilizer box can be acquired in real time, the PSO-BP algorithm is applied to predict the working condition, the steering of the fertilizing screw is controlled on the basis, the alarm under the blocking working condition and the reverse rotation clearing of the screw under the heavy-load working condition are realized, and the problem of blocking is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of two symmetrically arranged fertilizing devices according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizer box according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main beam according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped trough according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of a fertilizing screw according to the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection of the control system and the anti-clogging screw fertilizing mechanism according to the invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-a frame; 2-a hydraulic motor; 3-a dust cover; 4-a cam mechanism; 5-a camshaft; 6-variable cross section discharge port; 7-a screw conveyor; 8-removing the blocking pipes; 9-fertilizing screw; 10-a coupler; 11-bending a plate; 12-a fertilizer box; 13-a main beam; 14-plug removal; 15-a feed opening; a 16-U-shaped trough; 17-variable cross section discharge port; 18-a forward spiral section; 19-a reverse helical section; 20-a chain transmission mechanism; 21-a buzzer; 22-warning light; 23-a single chip microcomputer; 24-a photosensor; 25-a rotational speed sensor; 26-pressure sensors and their transmitters; 27-electromagnetic directional valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Fig. 1 to 7 show a schematic structural diagram of an anti-clogging screw fertilization mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a frame 1, at least two fertilization devices, and a driving device.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, two fertilizer applicators are symmetrically mounted at the middle lower part of the frame 1, each fertilizer applicator includes a main beam 13, a U-shaped trough 16, a fertilizer box 12 and a fertilizer screw 9. Wherein, the one end that uses two fertilizer injection unit to be close to each other is the inner, and the one end that two fertilizer injection unit kept away from each other is the outer end. The U-shaped trough 16 is mounted on the main beam 13. The fertilizer box 12 is mounted on the main beam 13 and is positioned above the U-shaped trough 16, and a feed opening 15 at the bottom of the fertilizer box 12 corresponds to the inner end of the U-shaped trough 16, so that fertilizer in the fertilizer box 12 flows into the U-shaped trough 16 through the feed opening 15. The bottom surface of the U-shaped trough 16 is provided with a variable cross-section discharge hole 17 at one end far away from the fertilizer box 12 for fertilizing. The bottom surface of the U-shaped trough 16 is provided with a blockage removing opening 14 at one end close to the fertilizer box 12 for discharging the conglomerated and blocked fertilizer and dredging the U-shaped trough 16. The U-shaped trough 16 is internally provided with a fertilization screw 9 which is guided internally and externally. The driving device is arranged on the main beam 13 and used for driving the fertilizing screw 9 to rotate for fertilizing. Wherein in each fertilizing device, the fertilizing screw 9 and the U-shaped trough 16 form a screw conveyor 7 for conveying fertilizer. When the fertilizer is blocked by the fertilizer-applying screw rod, the fertilizer-applying screw rod 9 is driven to rotate repeatedly and alternately in the forward direction and the reverse direction, so that the fertilizer in the U-shaped trough 16 can be discharged from the blocking-discharging opening 14, the problem of fertilizer blockage is solved, and the fertilizer-applying efficiency and effect are improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, each fertilizing mechanism may be provided with a drive means, and two fertilizing mechanisms may share a common drive means. Preferably, the driving device comprises a hydraulic motor 2 and a coupling 10, the inner end of each fertilizing screw 9 extends inwards to the outside of the U-shaped trough 16, and the fertilizing screws 9 of the two fertilizing devices are connected through the coupling 10 to transmit the rotating force of one fertilizing screw 9 to the other fertilizing screw 9. The hydraulic motor 2 is installed on the main beam 13 and is connected with one of the fertilizing screws 9, and the two fertilizing screws 9 are driven by the hydraulic motor 2 to rotate for fertilizing. Because two fertilization mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, the rotation directions of the two fertilization screws 9 are opposite, and the two fertilization screws 9 can be driven to discharge materials to the variable-section discharge port 17 or simultaneously clear blockage to the blockage discharge port 14 by the driving of the hydraulic motor 2.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, preferably, each fertilizing device further comprises a cam mechanism 4 and a bending plate 11, wherein the bending plate 11 is hinged with the variable section discharge port 17 and is used for opening and closing the variable section discharge port 17. The cam mechanism 4 comprises a cam shaft 5 provided with a cam, the cam shaft 5 is rotatably arranged below the U-shaped trough 16, the cam is used for opening and closing the bending plate 11, and when the cam rotates to a position far away from the bending plate 11, the bending plate 11 opens the variable cross-section discharge hole 17 under the action of the gravity of the fertilizer to fertilize; when the cam rotates to the position abutting against the bending plate 11, the cam drives the bending plate 11 to close the variable-section discharge hole 17, and the operation is circulated, so that the intermittent fertilization is carried out. Wherein, camshaft 5 is connected with fertilization screw 9 through chain drive 20, drives camshaft 5 through fertilization screw 9 and rotates. The chain transmission mechanism 20 is externally provided with a dust cover 3.
Referring to fig. 5, the variable-section discharge hole 17 may have a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like. Preferably, the horizontal projection surface of the variable cross-section discharge port 17 is in a trapezoid shape with a small inside and a large outside, that is, the diameter of the variable cross-section discharge port 17 along the front-back direction gradually increases from inside to outside, so that the fertilizer can be smoothly discharged; adopt the horizontal projection to be trapezoidal variable cross section, can slow down fertilizer at the anterior part speed of dropping of discharge gate, guarantee still that fertilizer has in the latter half of discharge gate to carry and come, be favorable to guaranteeing the homogeneity of fertilization.
Referring to fig. 5, it is preferable that the thread directions of the inner and outer ends of each fertilizing screw 9 are opposite. Namely, the fertilization screw 9 is in the same thread turning direction from the position corresponding to the lower part of the feed opening 15 to the outer end of the fertilization screw 9 to form a forward spiral section 18 so as to convey the fertilizer in the U-shaped trough 16 to the variable cross-section discharge opening 17 for discharging; the screw thread turning direction of the fertilization screw rod 9 from the position corresponding to the lower part of the inner side of the feed opening 15 to the inner end of the fertilization screw rod 9 is reverse, and a reverse spiral section 19 is formed so as to convey the fertilizer gathered at the inner end of the U-shaped trough 16 to the blockage discharge opening 14 for discharge.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, preferably, the lower end of each block discharge port 14 is provided with a block discharge pipe 8, and the outlet of the block discharge pipe 8 extends outwards to a position corresponding to the variable cross-section discharge port 17. When the blockage removal work is carried out, the blocked fertilizer can be discharged into the planting ditch, so that the fertilization work can be continuously carried out. Wherein, the block-removing pipe 8 is preferably in the shape of an arc with a concave surface facing outwards and upwards, which is beneficial to the discharge of fertilizer.
Referring to fig. 7, a control system applied to the anti-clogging screw fertilizing mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a transmitter 26 thereof, a photoelectric sensor 24, a rotating speed sensor 25, an electromagnetic directional valve 27 and a single chip microcomputer 23. The pressure sensor and its transducer 26 are arranged on the hydraulic motor 2 of the drive device for measuring the load pressure value of the hydraulic motor 2 in real time. The photoelectric sensor 24 is mounted on the fertilizer can 12 for monitoring the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer can 12 in real time. A rotation speed sensor 25 is mounted on the coupling 10 of the drive device for recording the rotation speed value of the hydraulic motor 2. The electromagnetic directional valve 27 is connected with the hydraulic motor 2 of the driving device and is used for controlling the opening, closing and steering of the hydraulic motor 2. The pressure sensor and the transmitter 26 thereof, the photoelectric sensor 24, the rotating speed sensor 25 and the electromagnetic directional valve 27 are all in data connection with the single chip microcomputer 23, the single chip microcomputer 23 is used for receiving information transmitted by the sensors and controlling the work of the electromagnetic directional valve according to the information, so that the opening, closing and steering of the hydraulic motor 2 are controlled, the working state of the hydraulic motor 2 is controlled according to the working condition of the fertilizing device, and the fertilizing, blockage removing and other works are flexible and convenient. Preferably, the control system further comprises a buzzer 21 and an alarm lamp 22, and the buzzer 21 and the alarm lamp 22 are in data connection with the single chip microcomputer 23 and used for alarming.
Referring to fig. 7, preferably, the single chip microcomputer 23 is used for reading the load pressure value, the rotation speed value and the fertilizer amount of the fertilizer box 12 of the driving device, and comparing the calculated value calculated by the S-shaped activation function with the set threshold value. When the fertilizing mechanism works, the singlechip 23 controls the electromagnetic directional valve 27 to be in a right position state, the hydraulic motor 2 is driven to rotate in the positive direction, and fertilizer in the fertilizer box 12 is discharged from the variable cross-section discharge hole 17 to perform fertilizing operation.
When no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box, the calculation value of the single chip microcomputer 23 is smaller than the no-load threshold value of 0.25, the pressure sensor and the transmitter 26 thereof, the rotating speed sensor 25 and the photoelectric sensor 24 send out no-load signals, the single chip microcomputer 23 judges that no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box 12, and the buzzer 21 gives an alarm to remind a worker of adding the fertilizer in time.
When the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer 23 is greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than 0.5, the calculated value is within the normal operation threshold value, the pressure sensor and the transmitter 26 thereof, the rotating speed sensor 25 and the photoelectric sensor 24 send out normal signals, the single chip microcomputer 23 judges that the fertilizing device is in the normal operation state, the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is kept in the right position state, and the single chip microcomputer 23 continues to receive the signals in real time.
When the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer 23 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than 0.75, the calculated value is within the overload threshold value, and the fertilization screw 9 is indicated to encounter the fertilizer and the sticky fertilizer which are coagulated into lumps, and the fertilizer blocks the fertilization screw 9. The pressure sensor and the transmitter 26 thereof, the rotating speed sensor 25 and the photoelectric sensor 24 send heavy-load signals, the singlechip 23 judges that the fertilizing device is in a heavy-load state, and the alarm lamp 22 flickers immediately. And the state of the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is switched intermittently, so that the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is switched back and forth from the right state and the left state, the fertilization screw 9 is driven to rotate forward and reversely circularly, the fertilizer in the U-shaped trough 16 flows out from the blockage discharge opening 14, and the U-shaped trough 16 is dredged. For example, the single chip microcomputer 23 controls the electromagnetic directional valve 27 to be switched to the left position state, the hydraulic motor 2 rotates reversely for 5 seconds, the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is switched to the right position state, the hydraulic motor 2 rotates forwards for 2 seconds, the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is switched to the left position state, and the hydraulic motor 2 rotates reversely for 5 seconds, so that the fertilizer flows out of the blocked fertilizer discharging pipe. The blinking of the warning lamp 22 is released; then the electromagnetic directional valve 27 is switched to the right position state, and the single chip 23 continues to keep receiving signals in real time.
When the calculated value of singlechip 23 is more than or equal to 0.75 and less than 1, the calculated value is in serious jam threshold value, pressure sensor and its changer 26, speed sensor 25 and photoelectric sensor 24 send jam signal, singlechip 23 judges this fertilization screw 9 is in the stifled state, singlechip 23 control electromagnetic directional valve 27 is in the meso position state, closes drive arrangement, and bee calling organ 21 reports to the police simultaneously, and warning light 22 glimmers, reminds the staff to carry out manual row stifled work.
By adopting the fertilizing mechanism and the control system, the pressure and the rotating speed of the driving device and the fertilizer amount in the fertilizer box 12 can be acquired in real time, the PSO-BP algorithm is applied to predict the working condition, the rotation direction of the fertilizing screw 9 is controlled on the basis, the alarm under the blocking working condition and the reverse rotation blockage clearing of the screw under the heavy load working condition are realized, the blockage problem is solved, and the fertilizing efficiency and the fertilizing effect are improved.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a prevent blockking up screw fertilizer mechanism which characterized in that includes:
a frame;
at least two fertilizer injection unit, two this fertilizer injection unit bilateral symmetry install in the well lower part of frame, every fertilizer injection unit includes:
a main beam;
the U-shaped trough is arranged on the main beam;
the fertilizer box is arranged on the main beam and is positioned above the U-shaped trough, and a feed opening at the bottom of the fertilizer box corresponds to the inner end of the U-shaped trough; the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough is provided with a variable cross-section discharge hole at one end far away from the fertilizer box, and the bottom surface of the U-shaped trough is provided with a blockage removing opening at the other end close to the fertilizer box; and
the inside and outside guiding fertilization screw rods are arranged in the U-shaped trough; and
and the driving device is arranged on the main beam and is used for driving the fertilization screw to rotate for fertilization.
2. The anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism of claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a hydraulic motor and a coupling, the fertilizing screws of the two fertilizing devices are connected through the coupling, and the hydraulic motor is mounted on the main beam and connected with one of the fertilizing screws.
3. The anti-clogging spiral fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, wherein each fertilizer application device further comprises a cam mechanism and a bending plate, and the bending plate is hinged to the variable cross-section discharge port and used for opening and closing the variable cross-section discharge port; the cam mechanism comprises a cam shaft provided with a cam, the cam shaft is rotatably arranged below the U-shaped trough, and the cam is used for opening and closing the bending plate; wherein, the camshaft passes through chain drive and is connected with fertilization screw rod.
4. The anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism of claim 1, wherein the horizontal projection of the variable cross-section discharge port is in a trapezoidal shape with a small inside and a large outside.
5. The anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism of claim 1 wherein the threads on the inner and outer ends of each of the fertilizer screws are oppositely threaded.
6. The anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism of claim 1, wherein a plug removal pipe is provided at the lower end of each plug removal port, and the outlet of the plug removal pipe extends outward to a position corresponding to the variable cross-section discharge port.
7. A control system for use in the anti-clogging screw fertilizer application mechanism of claim 1, comprising:
the pressure sensor and the transmitter thereof are arranged on the driving device and are used for measuring the load pressure value of the driving device in real time;
the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the fertilizer box and used for monitoring the fertilizer amount in the fertilizer box in real time;
the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the driving device and used for recording the rotating speed value of the driving device;
the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the driving device and is used for controlling the opening, closing and steering of the driving device; and
the pressure sensor and the transmitter thereof, the photoelectric sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the electromagnetic reversing valve are in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is used for receiving information transmitted by the sensors and controlling the work of the electromagnetic reversing valve according to the information.
8. The control system for the anti-clogging screw fertilizing mechanism as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a buzzer and an alarm light, wherein the buzzer and the alarm light are both in data connection with the single chip microcomputer.
9. The control system of the anti-clogging screw fertilizer mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the single chip microcomputer is used for reading a load pressure value, a rotating speed value and a fertilizer amount of the fertilizer box of the driving device, and comparing a calculated value obtained by calculation through an S-shaped activation function with a set threshold value; when the fertilizing mechanism works, the singlechip controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a right state, the driving device rotates in the positive direction, and fertilizer in the fertilizer box is discharged from the variable-section discharge hole;
when no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box, the calculation value of the single chip microcomputer is smaller than the no-load threshold value of 0.25, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send out no-load signals, the single chip microcomputer judges that no fertilizer is in the fertilizer box, and the buzzer gives an alarm;
when the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer is more than or equal to 0.25 and less than 0.5, the calculated value is within a normal operation threshold value, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send normal signals, and the single chip microcomputer judges that the fertilizing device is in a normal operation state and continues to receive the signals in real time;
when the calculated value of the single chip microcomputer is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than 0.75, the calculated value is within the heavy load threshold value, the pressure sensor, the transmitter thereof, the rotating speed sensor and the photoelectric sensor send heavy load signals, the single chip microcomputer judges that the fertilizing device is in a heavy load state, and the alarm lamp flickers immediately; intermittently switching the state of the electromagnetic reversing valve to enable the electromagnetic reversing valve to be switched between a right state and a left state to drive the fertilizing screw to rotate forward and reversely in a circulating manner, so that fertilizer in the U-shaped trough flows out of the blockage discharging opening, the U-shaped trough is dredged, and the flashing of the alarm lamp is relieved; then switching the electromagnetic directional valve to a right state, and continuously keeping the single chip microcomputer to receive signals in real time;
when the calculated value of singlechip more than or equal to 0.75 and be less than 1, the calculated value is in seriously blocking the threshold value, and pressure sensor and changer, speed sensor and photoelectric sensor send the jam signal, and the singlechip judges that this fertilization screw rod is in the stifled state of dying, and singlechip control solenoid directional valve is in the meso position state, closes drive arrangement, and bee calling organ reports to the police simultaneously, and the warning light scintillation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN105901753A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-31 | 福州市佳璞电子商务有限公司 | Mixing feeding system |
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| CN103823371A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-28 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | Neural network model-based agricultural precise fertilization system and fertilization method thereof |
| CN105901753A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-31 | 福州市佳璞电子商务有限公司 | Mixing feeding system |
| CN209105636U (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-07-16 | 广西大学 | A kind of cane planting intermittent fertilizer applicator structure |
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