CN114944982A - Method and device for positioning two-layer network problem and three-layer network problem - Google Patents
Method and device for positioning two-layer network problem and three-layer network problem Download PDFInfo
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- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for positioning a two-layer network problem and a three-layer network problem, which are applied to the two-layer network and the three-layer network and used for automatically acquiring a network topology portrait when the two-layer network and the three-layer network have problems, acquiring a flow path portrait according to network problem description information of a receiving terminal and the network topology portrait, performing problem troubleshooting to acquire a problem node, and checking login equipment to acquire a port, a receiving and sending packet and the like according to the problem node and an access right authorized by a user to access the acquired problem node.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of automation operation and maintenance technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for positioning a two-layer/three-layer forwarding network problem.
Background
Two types of IT operation and maintenance automation tools are of particular interest to enterprises: the first is an IT operation and maintenance monitoring and diagnosis optimizing tool; and the second is an operation and maintenance flow automation tool. These two types of tools have primary applications: monitoring automation, configuration change detection automation, maintenance event reminding automation, system health detection automation and maintenance report generation automation. In the automation of system health detection, most of network problems are still in a state of manual positioning, because the network topology portrait is difficult to automatically obtain, the packet loss positioning based on architectures such as Linux or DPDK is complicated, and the difficulty of automatically positioning the network problems is increased due to the possibility of proxy equipment and firewall equipment in the middle. Manual network positioning consumes significant human resources and time.
Therefore, how to automatically acquire a network topology representation and how to automatically locate a network are technical problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a positioning method for a two-layer network and a three-layer network, which is used for solving the technical problems of manual positioning and low efficiency when the two-layer network and the three-layer network have problems in the prior art.
The method is applied to a two-layer network and a three-layer network, and comprises the following steps:
according to the network monitoring, the switch interface state and configuration information of the network are obtained;
drawing and updating a network topology prototype according to the interface state and the configuration information of the switch;
obtaining the IP address table according to the ARP table and the MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype;
according to the IP address table, performing IP-MAC detection to obtain a detection confirmation result;
drawing and updating a network topology image according to the detection confirmation result and the network topology prototype;
according to the network problem description information input by the user and the network topology image, obtaining a flow path of source and destination communication and information of all interfaces under the path, and drawing a flow path image;
according to the path sketch, carrying out sectional troubleshooting on problems of hardware, a network and an application layer, and determining a problem node, wherein the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow;
and according to the access authority obtained by the authorized access of the problem node and the user, checking the login equipment, and obtaining the problems of a port, a receiving and sending packet and the like.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a positioning device for the problem of the two-layer network and the three-layer network, which is applied to the two-layer network and the three-layer network, and the device comprises:
a traffic path image module, which is characterized in that a traffic path image module obtains the traffic path of the source and destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path according to the information input by the user and the network topology image, and draws a traffic path image, wherein the traffic path image is determined according to the network monitoring of the detected two-layer and three-layer network, a network topology prototype, an ARP table and an MAC address table;
the problem node positioning module is characterized in that a problem node is determined according to the flow path sketch through the problem node positioning module, and the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow;
the problem acquisition module is characterized in that problems such as ports, transceiving packages and the like are acquired through the problem acquisition module according to the problem nodes and the access authority obtained by the authorized access of the user, and the equipment is logged in for inspection.
By applying the technical scheme, in the device, the network topology portrait can be automatically sensed and updated by inputting less configuration information at a receiving terminal through network monitoring, acquiring the network topology portrait, receiving information input by a user, acquiring a flow path, acquiring the flow path portrait, positioning problem nodes and giving accurate problems and suggestions. Therefore, the enterprise can more accurately, comprehensively and efficiently carry out system health detection automation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a positioning method for a two-layer network and a three-layer network problem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a process for automatically obtaining a network topology representation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a flow chart for automatically performing problem location according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The method is applied to a two-layer network and a three-layer network, as shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
step S100, obtaining a traffic path of source-destination communication and information of all interfaces under the path according to information input by a user and the network topology image, and drawing a traffic path image, where the traffic path image is determined according to network monitoring, a network topology prototype, an ARP table, and an MAC address table of a detected two-layer or three-layer network, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, specifically:
as shown in fig. 2, the method and the device are added to a network where network problem location is required, and a switch address and a login mode configured by a user are obtained. The method of the application logs in the switch through the address of the switch and the login mode, and inquires the state and the configuration of the interface of the switch. The method obtains the relationship between the exchangers by comparing the configuration of each exchanger. According to the method, a network topology prototype is formed according to the relationship among the switches, the interface state of the switches and the configuration of the switches, so that the topology prototype comprises the network connection condition of the switches and the state and configuration of each interface.
And defining a two-layer network to only have a core layer and an access layer, and in the two-layer network, forwarding the data packet by the switch according to the MAC address table.
A three-layer network is defined, including a core layer, a convergence layer, and an access layer, in which a switch can recognize a MAC address and also can recognize an IP address in the MAC address.
The two-layer and three-layer network is defined to be based on two-layer and three-layer network on architectures such as Linux or DPDK.
The mac (media Access control) address is defined to be used when a plurality of hosts are connected to the same broadcast channel, and each host must have a unique identifier, i.e. a data link layer address, in order to realize communication between two hosts.
The MAC address of the opposite side can be obtained according to the IP address through an ARP (Address Resolution protocol) protocol.
Defining ARP table, recording the mapping relation between IP address and MAC address.
Obtaining the IP address table according to the ARP table and the MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype, which specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the device IP address of the opposite end of the switch can be queried by acquiring the ARP table and the MAC address table of the switch. According to the ARP table and the MAC address table, the IP-MAC detection confirmation can be carried out by repeatedly inquiring and comparing the network equipment, namely, all current active IP addresses and corresponding interfaces are obtained.
Therefore, the method and the device for inquiring the IP address of the opposite-end device of the switch can solve the problems that in the prior art, packet loss positioning is complicated based on architectures such as Linux or DPDK, proxy devices and firewall devices may exist in the middle, and the network cannot be automatically positioned.
The process of acquiring and querying the interface state and configuration of the switch is defined as the network monitoring process of the application.
After obtaining the IP address table, the method further includes:
according to the current active IP address and the corresponding interface, the method and the device can acquire the current physical connection state of the whole network topology.
As shown in fig. 2, according to the current physical connection state of the whole network topology, the present application may draw a network topology portrait, specifically:
according to the method and the device, the basic physical topology image can be performed on the current network according to the current physical connection state of the whole network topology, and the image is presented in a dynamic graph mode. The method and the device can also dynamically acquire the source and the destination of communication in the current network through monitoring the routing table of the switch, thereby acquiring the mutual access relationship between the hosts, and drawing a circuit diagram of the flow of the hosts mutually accessed through inquiring the next hop of the routing table, thereby forming a current active complete network topology portrait.
Therefore, the method and the device can automatically acquire the network topology portrait and solve the problem that the network topology portrait is difficult to automatically acquire.
As shown in fig. 2, the present application may also update a network topology portrait, specifically:
the method comprises the steps of drawing a network topology prototype, an ARP table and an MAC address table, acquiring the time set by the method when the system runs, automatically and repeatedly constructing the topology prototype, and regularly inquiring, matching and updating in real time. Therefore, the method and the device can sense the state of the interface of the switch and the change of the configuration in real time, namely the access and the removal of the equipment, and automatically update the network topology portrait.
Therefore, the method and the device can automatically sense the addition or deletion of the devices in the topology and update the topology.
A flow path image is obtained according to the information input by the user and the network topology image, as shown in fig. 3, specifically:
the method can receive the fault information input by the user and the login mode of the source destination device. The fault information mainly comprises information of accessed source IP, destination port, protocol and the like.
After receiving a positioning request of a user, the device calls a flow path of source and destination communication, the configuration of all interfaces under the current path and flow information according to input information of the user and the current topological image to form a flow path image.
If the current topology drawing lacks a source destination flow path, the current switch lacks interface information, routing configuration or MAC address of the source destination and the switch, and corresponding error information is given.
Therefore, the enterprise user can obtain the traffic path of the source and destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path by inputting less configuration information, and the operation and maintenance time is saved.
Step S200, determining a problem node according to the traffic path sketch, where the problem node is a node where the source-destination access traffic is discarded, as shown in fig. 3, specifically:
the method can be used for checking the hardware problem, the network problem, the service configuration problem and the system configuration problem in a segmentation mode according to the current flow path sketch. The method can determine and solve the hardware connection problem according to the state of each interface on the judged flow path. The method can obtain results by means of ping, traceroute and other tools from the client to the server in a segmented mode. The method can inquire the routing table and the ARP table of the corresponding node according to the result to determine the network problem. The method determines the node with the discarded flow accessed by the source and the target through hardware problems and network problem investigation.
Therefore, the method and the device can automatically locate the network problem. The problems that packet loss positioning is complicated based on architectures such as Linux or DPDK, and the network cannot be automatically positioned due to the fact that proxy equipment, firewall equipment and the like possibly exist in the middle are solved.
Step S300, according to the access right obtained by the problem node and the authorized access of the user, checking the login device, and obtaining the problems of the port, the transceiving packet, and the like, as shown in fig. 3, specifically:
the method obtains the access authority through the authorized access of the user. According to the located specific problem node and the access authority, the method performs check on the login equipment, and the check comprises port monitoring, whether forwarding is started or not, packet receiving and sending conditions and the like.
Therefore, the enterprise user can automatically perform problem positioning through the application, and the operation and maintenance time of the enterprise is saved.
In order to accurately acquire the cause of the problem in a specific environment and configuration, such as acquiring a port, receiving and sending a packet and the like, in some embodiments of the present application, a user-defined query mode and an expected result are supported.
In order to locate potential problems to the maximum extent possible in some complex scenes and solve the problems of the user at one time, in some embodiments of the present application, the user is supported to acquire potential problems of ports, transceiving packets and the like in a segmented, layered and progressive manner.
Therefore, according to the method, the enterprise can quickly obtain the network topology portrait, the network problem can be automatically positioned through the network topology portrait, the system health detection automation can be more accurately, comprehensively and efficiently carried out, and the corresponding cost is reduced.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a positioning device for two-layer and three-layer network problems, which is applied to two-layer and three-layer networks, and the device includes:
and a traffic path representation module, which is characterized in that the traffic path representation module obtains the traffic path of the source and destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path according to the information input by the user and the network topology representation, and draws a traffic path representation which is determined according to the network monitoring, the network topology prototype, the ARP table and the MAC address table of the detected two-three layer network.
And the problem node positioning module is characterized in that a problem node is determined according to the flow path sketch through the problem node positioning module, and the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow.
The problem acquisition module is characterized in that problems such as ports, transceiving packages and the like are acquired through the problem acquisition module according to the problem nodes and the access authority obtained by the authorized access of the user, and the equipment is logged in for inspection.
In a specific application scenario, the flow path representation module is further configured to:
the user can obtain the traffic path of the source-destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path by inputting less configuration information, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, specifically:
and inquiring the equipment IP address of the opposite end of the switch by acquiring the ARP table and the MAC address table of the switch. The device can perform IP-MAC detection and confirmation by repeatedly inquiring and comparing the network device according to the ARP table and the MAC address table, namely acquiring all current active IP addresses and corresponding interfaces. And acquiring the current physical connection state of the whole network topology according to the current active IP address and the corresponding interface.
Therefore, the module can solve the problems that in the prior art, packet loss positioning is complicated based on architectures such as Linux or DPDK and the like, proxy equipment and firewall equipment may exist in the middle, and the network cannot be automatically positioned in a mode of inquiring the IP address of opposite-end equipment of the switch.
According to the current physical connection state of the whole network topology, the module can draw a network topology portrait, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the module can perform basic physical topology image on the current network according to the current physical connection state of the whole network topology, and the image is presented in a dynamic graph mode. The method and the device can also dynamically acquire the source and the destination of communication in the current network through monitoring the routing table of the switch, thereby acquiring the mutual access relationship between the hosts, and drawing a circuit diagram of the flow of the hosts mutually accessed through inquiring the next hop of the routing table, thereby forming a current active complete network topology portrait.
Therefore, the module can automatically acquire the network topology portrait and solve the problem that the network topology portrait is difficult to acquire automatically.
As shown in fig. 2, the module may also update the network topology representation, specifically:
the module draws a network topology prototype, an ARP table and an MAC address table, and simultaneously obtains the steps of automatically and repeatedly constructing the topology prototype after the system running time reaches the time set by the module, and regularly inquiring, matching and updating in real time. Therefore, the module can sense the state of the switch interface and the change of the configuration in real time, namely the access and the removal of equipment, and automatically update the network topology portrait.
Therefore, the module can automatically sense the addition or deletion of equipment in the topology and update the topology.
A traffic path image is obtained according to the information input by the user and the network topology image, as shown in fig. 3, specifically:
the module can receive fault information input by a user and a login mode of source destination equipment. The fault information comprises information of accessed source IP, destination port, protocol and the like.
After receiving a positioning request of a user, the module calls a flow path of source and destination communication, the configuration of all interfaces under the current path and flow information according to input information of the user and the current topological picture to form a flow path picture.
If the current topology drawing lacks a source destination flow path, the current switch lacks interface information, routing configuration or MAC address of the source destination and the switch, and the module gives corresponding error information.
Therefore, the enterprise user can obtain the traffic path of the source-destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path by inputting less configuration information, and the operation and maintenance time is saved.
In a specific application scenario, the problem node positioning module is further configured to:
according to the current flow path portrait, the module checks the hardware problem, the network problem, the service configuration problem and the system configuration problem step by step. The module can determine and solve the hardware connection problem according to the state of each interface on the judged flow path. The module obtains results by segmented passing through ping, traceroute and other tools from the client to the server. The module inquires the routing table and ARP table of the corresponding node according to the result to determine the network problem. Through hardware problem and network problem investigation, the module can determine the node with the discarded flow accessed by the source and the destination.
Therefore, the method and the device can automatically locate the network problem. The problems that the packet loss positioning is complicated based on architectures such as Linux or DPDK, and the network cannot be automatically positioned due to the possibility of agent equipment, firewall equipment and the like in the middle are solved.
In a specific application scenario, the problem acquisition module is further configured to:
the module obtains access authority through user authorized access. According to the located specific problem node and the access authority, the module logs in the equipment to check, including port monitoring, whether forwarding is started or not, packet receiving and sending conditions and the like.
Therefore, the enterprise user can automatically perform problem positioning through the application, and the operation and maintenance time of the enterprise is saved.
In order to accurately acquire the cause of the problem in a specific environment and configuration, such as acquiring a port, receiving and sending a packet and the like, in some embodiments of the module, a user-defined query mode and an expected result are supported.
In order to locate potential problems to the maximum extent possible in some complex scenes and solve the problems of the user at one time, in some embodiments of the module, the user is supported to acquire potential problems of ports, transceiving packets and the like in a segmented, layered and progressive mode.
Therefore, the enterprise can quickly obtain the network topology portrait through the device, can automatically position the network problem through the network topology portrait, can more accurately, comprehensively and efficiently carry out the automation of system health detection, and reduces the corresponding cost.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A positioning method for a two-layer and three-layer network problem is applied to a two-layer and three-layer network, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the information input by the user and the network topology picture, obtaining a flow path of source and destination communication and information of all interfaces under the path, and drawing a flow path picture, wherein the flow path picture is determined according to network monitoring, a network topology prototype, an ARP table and an MAC address table of a detected two-layer and three-layer network;
determining a problem node according to the traffic path sketch, wherein the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access traffic;
and according to the access authority obtained by the problem node and the authorized access of the user, the login equipment checks to obtain the problems of a port, a receiving and sending packet and the like.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the IP address table is obtained according to an ARP table and an MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype, and specifically:
acquiring the switch interface state and configuration information of the network according to the network monitoring;
drawing and updating a network topology prototype according to the switch interface state and configuration information;
and obtaining the IP address table according to the ARP table and the MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype.
3. The method of claim 2, after obtaining the IP address table, further comprising:
performing IP-MAC detection according to the IP address table to obtain a detection confirmation result;
drawing and updating a network topology image according to the detection confirmation result and the network topology prototype;
and according to the network problem description information input by the user and the network topology image, obtaining a traffic path of source and destination communication and information of all interfaces under the path, and drawing a traffic path image.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a problem node is determined from the traffic path graph, the problem node being a node from which source-destination access traffic is dropped, and in particular:
and according to the path sketch, carrying out sectional troubleshooting on problems of hardware, a network and an application layer, and determining a problem node, wherein the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow.
5. A positioning device for two-three layer network problem is applied to two-three layer network, which is characterized in that the device comprises:
a traffic path image module, which is characterized in that a traffic path image module obtains the traffic path of the source and destination communication and the information of all interfaces under the path according to the information input by the user and the network topology image, and draws a traffic path image, wherein the traffic path image is determined according to the network monitoring of the detected two-layer and three-layer network, a network topology prototype, an ARP table and an MAC address table;
the problem node positioning module is characterized in that a problem node is determined according to the flow path sketch through the problem node positioning module, and the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow;
the problem acquisition module is characterized in that problems such as ports, transceiving packages and the like are acquired through the problem acquisition module according to the problem nodes and the access authority obtained by the authorized access of the user, and the equipment is logged in for inspection.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the IP address table is obtained by a traffic path profile module according to an ARP table and an MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype, and specifically:
acquiring the switch interface state and configuration information of the network according to the network monitoring;
drawing and updating a network topology prototype according to the interface state and the configuration information of the switch;
and obtaining the IP address table according to the ARP table and the MAC address table obtained by the network topology prototype.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein after obtaining the IP address table, via a traffic path profiling module, further comprising:
performing IP-MAC detection according to the IP address table to obtain a detection confirmation result;
drawing and updating a network topology image according to the detection confirmation result and the network topology prototype;
and according to the network problem description information input by the user and the network topology image, obtaining a traffic path of source and destination communication and information of all interfaces under the path, and drawing a traffic path image.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a problem node is determined from the traffic path representation by a problem node location module, the problem node being a node from which source-destination access traffic is dropped, specifically:
and according to the path sketch, carrying out sectional troubleshooting on problems of hardware, a network and an application layer, and determining a problem node, wherein the problem node is a node with discarded source and destination access flow.
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