CN114944977B - Multidimensional index modulation OTFS communication system and method - Google Patents
Multidimensional index modulation OTFS communication system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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Abstract
The invention provides a multidimensional index modulation OTFS communication system and method, and belongs to the technical field of communication. In particular a joint index in the delay-doppler (DD) domain and the filter bank domain: at a transmitting end, firstly, averagely dividing bits to be transmitted into a plurality of groups, wherein each group comprises DD domain index bits, symbol bits and filter group index bits, and the positions of the activated transmission data symbols mapped in DD domain grids are determined through the DD domain index bits, so that a complete OTFS block is formed; when Heisenberg is transformed, determining a prototype filter function to be used through index bits of a filter bank, and finally transforming to a time domain for transmission; DD domain position information, data symbols and filter bank information of the OTFS subblocks are detected at a receiving end respectively, and corresponding sending bits are decoded. The invention establishes multidimensional combination index modulation for the DD domain symbol position and the filter function used by Heisenberg transformation, and transmits extra bits in the index mapping relation, thereby improving the frequency band utilization rate and the bit error rate performance of the OTFS system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, in particular to a multi-dimensional index modulation orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS, orthogonal Time Frequency Space) communication system and method, which relate to joint index modulation of a Delay-Doppler (DD) domain and a filter bank space domain.
Background
In a high-speed moving scene, both communication transceiver and reflecting objects in the environment are in a fast moving state, the characteristics of a wireless channel at the moment can change correspondingly along with the time and space, and the time delay expansion and Doppler effect can respectively cause frequency selective fading and time selective fading, so that a received signal can be severely distorted, and the reliability of a communication system is greatly influenced. Traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM, orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is sensitive to carrier frequency offset, and subcarrier orthogonality is destroyed in a high-speed mobile scenario, so that the high-efficiency communication requirement cannot be met. OTFS is the most typical scheme in recent years for information transfer based on the Delay-Doppler (DD) domain, and by converting the dual selection channel in the time-frequency domain into a two-dimensional time-invariant channel in the DD domain, all symbols on one OTFS transmission frame can obtain the same channel gain. But has become a new modulation scheme suitable for complex fast time-varying channels without significant performance degradation.
The early index modulation implicitly transmits information by controlling the active state of the subcarrier, and similar index modulation mapping relation can be proposed in the delay-Doppler domain, so that the spectrum utilization rate is further improved; meanwhile, as the OTFS involves the conversion of multiple dimension domains, joint index modulation can be realized in different stages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the reliable communication requirement in the high-speed mobile environment, the invention breaks through the traditional single-dimension index modulation mapping relation and provides a multi-dimension index modulation communication technology based on delay-Doppler domain bearing information.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a multidimensional index modulation OTFS communication system, which comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end.
At the transmit end, the input bit stream is divided into groups by bit splitters, each group containing delay-doppler (DD) domain index bits, sign bits, and filter bank index bits. The filter group index bit is output to a Heisenberg (Heisenberg) transformation module for selecting a prototype filter function after passing through a filter group index selection module; DD domain index bits and symbol bits are respectively sent to an OTFS block generator after passing through a DD domain index selection module and a constellation mapping module, generated DD domain signals are changed into time-frequency domain signals through an inverse-octave Fourier transform (ISFFT) module, are changed into time-domain signals through a Heisenberg transform module, and are finally sent to channel transmission through a P/S & insert pilot frequency & D/A module;
at the receiving end, the received signal is changed into a time-frequency domain signal after passing through an A/D & removing pilot frequency & S/P module and a filter group index detection & wiener (Wigner) conversion module, is changed into a DD domain signal after passing through an SFFT module, and the detection results are respectively input into a DD domain index decoding module, a symbol decoding module and a filter group index decoding module through a DD domain detector to obtain recovered corresponding transmission bits, and finally a complete transmission bit stream is obtained through a bit parallel flow device.
The invention also provides a multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication method, which comprises a sending method and a receiving method;
the transmission method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the transmitted binary bit stream is divided into a plurality of groups by a bit splitter, and symbol bits in each group are output as complex symbols after constellation mapping; the DD domain index bit is used for determining the position of the activated symbol in the DD domain matrix through index selection, and the unselected position is silenced, namely, does not bear a data symbol; and then mapping out the complete DD domain transmission signal, and converting the DD domain transmission signal into a time-frequency domain signal through ISFFT;
step 2: the index selection result of the filter bank in each group is directly output to a Heisenberg transformation module for selecting a prototype filter function, and finally, signals are transformed to a time domain for transmission;
the receiving method comprises the following steps:
step 3: after the time-frequency double-selection channel and the noise function, firstly carrying out filter bank index detection on the received time-domain signal, adopting Wigner of a corresponding prototype filter function to transform the time-frequency domain, and then changing the time-frequency domain signal into a DD domain signal through SFFT;
step 4: and detecting the active position and the transmission symbol in the received symbol matrix in the DD domain, respectively decoding the detection result to obtain recovered DD domain index bit, symbol bit and filter bank index bit information, and finally merging through a bit stream converter to obtain a complete transmission bit.
Further, the Heisenberg transformation module in the transmitting end determines the original filtering function used in the Heisenberg transformation according to the filter bank index selection result. The filter group index detection and Wigner transformation module in the receiving end can directly output the detection result to the filter group index decoding module, and meanwhile, the original shape filtering function used in the Wigner transformation is determined.
Further, in step 1, considering that the number of subcarriers of the OTFS system is M, the number of symbols is N, the common B bits are equally divided into G groups, each group has p=b/G bits mapped into OTFS sub-blocks, and the symbol length in each OTFS sub-block is k=mn/G. The p bits in each group consist of three parts, namely DD domain index bits p 1 Sign bit p 2 And filter bank index bit p 3 ，p＝p 1 +p 2 +p 3 . Wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe bits are used to select R from K symbol positions to transmit the data symbols,and->Respectively a downward rounding function and a binomial coefficient, and is selected and output as I through DD domain index g ＝{i g,1 ,i g,2 ,...,i g,R }，i g,r ∈{1,2,...,K}，g＝1,...,G，r＝1,...,R；p 2 ＝Rlog 2 Q bits are mapped by a Q-dimensional constellation to form R data symbols which are recorded as s g ＝{s g,1 ,s g,2 ,...,s g,R }，/>g=1.. G, r=1, R, wherein>Is a Q-dimensional constellation symbol. The signals of each group are arranged into an MxN DD domain matrix through an OTFS block generator, and the sign of the kth row and the kth column on the domain is +.>k=0..n-1, l=0..m-1. Through ISFFT conversion
The DD domain signal is transformed into the time-frequency domain.
Further, in the step 2,bits are used to select the prototype filter function used in the Heisenberg transform from a filter bank of length Z, the filter bank selection module output being denoted F g E {1, 2..z }, g=1..g. Heisenberg transform transforms a signal from the time-frequency domain to the time domain
Where Δf is the subcarrier spacing, t=1/Δf is the duration of each group of symbols, g tx,g A transmit prototype filter function used for group g tx,g ∈{g 1 ,...,g Z }。
Further, in the step 3, the prototype filter function used satisfies g z (t)＝f z (T f -t)，t∈[0,T f ]For the filter duration, z=1. After time domain equalization, the maximum energy matching method is adopted to carry out filter bank index detection on the received time domain signal r (t):
step 1: the prototype filter function corresponding outputs of the Z filters are calculated:
step 2: judging that the energy value in the Z outputs is the largest, namely the selected prototype filter function:
according toIs transformed into the time-frequency domain by Wigner transformation
Wherein g rx,g The receive matched prototype filter function employed for group g,as a fuzzy function, the signal is finally transformed to DD domain by SFFT
Further, in the step 4, maximum likelihood detection is performed on the active position and the transmission symbol in the received symbol matrix
Detection resultThe data is output through a bit stream converter after DD domain index decoding, symbol decoding and filter bank index decoding respectively.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention carries out joint index modulation on the DD domain symbol activation position and the prototype filter function of the Heisenberg transformation, and conceals part of sending bit information in the selection of the sub-block symbol state and the prototype filter function for transmission, thereby further improving the frequency band utilization rate and the system robustness, and simultaneously dynamically matching the time-frequency double-selection channel characteristic. OTFS systems based on multi-dimensional index modulation can achieve better bit error rate performance than OTFS systems under conventional or single-dimensional index modulation. The implementation of the invention can provide a multicarrier communication scheme for flexibly matching the fast time-varying channel in a high-speed mobile scene for the communication field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a delay-doppler domain and time-frequency domain conversion relationship and a multidimensional index modulation in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication transmission in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication reception according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the DD domain and the time-frequency domain of the OTFS are mutually converted through the ISFFT and the SFFT, and the present invention establishes an index mapping relationship for the activation positions of each sub-block in the DD domain matrix; meanwhile, a filter group dimension domain is established in the ISFFT and the SFFT, an index mapping relation is established for the prototype filter function, and a novel multidimensional index modulation OTFS communication mode is established.
As shown in fig. 2, at the transmitting end, the input bit stream is divided into groups by bit splitters, each group containing delay-doppler (DD) domain index bits, sign bits, and filter bank index bits. The filter group index bit is output to a Heisenberg (Heisenberg) transformation module for selecting a prototype filter function after passing through a filter group index selection module; DD domain index bits and symbol bits are respectively sent to an OTFS block generator after passing through a DD domain index selection module and a constellation mapping module, generated DD domain signals are changed into time-frequency domain signals through an inverse-octave Fourier transform (ISFFT) module, are changed into time-domain signals through a Heisenberg transform module, and are finally sent to channel transmission through a P/S & insert pilot frequency & D/A module;
considering that the number of subcarriers of the OTFS system is M, the number of symbols is N, the total B bits are equally divided into G groups, each group has p=b/G bits mapped into OTFS sub-blocks, and the symbol length in each OTFS sub-block is k=mn/G. The p bits in each group consist of three parts, namely DD domain index bits p 1 Sign bit p 2 And filter bank index bit p 3 ，p＝p 1 +p 2 +p 3 . Wherein the method comprises the steps ofBits are used to select R from K symbol positions for transmitting data symbols, ">And->Respectively a downward rounding function and a binomial coefficient, and is selected and output as I through DD domain index g ＝{i g,1 ,i g,2 ,...,i g,R }，i g,r E {1,2,.. G, r=1. Consider the DD domain activation location index mapping relationship as shown in Table 1
Table 1 index mapping table used when k=4 and r=3 in the embodiment of the present invention
At this time, the liquid crystal display device,bits.
p 2 ＝Rlog 2 Q bits are mapped by a Q-dimensional constellation to form R data symbols which are recorded as s g ＝{s g,1 ,s g,2 ,...,s g,R }，g=1.. G, r=1, R, wherein>Is a Q-dimensional constellation symbol. The signals of each group are arranged into an MxN DD domain matrix through an OTFS block generator, and the sign of the kth row and the kth column on the domain is +.>k=0..n-1, l=0..m-1. Through ISFFT conversion
The DD domain signal is transformed into the time-frequency domain. When modulation is performed by 4-QAM modulation, p 2 ＝3log 2 4=6 bits; when 8-QAM modulation is used, p 2 ＝3log 2 8=9 bits.
Bits are used to select the prototype filter function used in the Heisenberg transform from a filter bank of length Z, the filter bank selection module output being denoted F g E {1,2, …, Z }, g=1. Heisenberg transform transforms a signal from the time-frequency domain to the time domain
Where Δf is the subcarrier spacing, t=1/Δf is the duration of each group of symbols, g tx,g A transmit prototype filter function used for group g tx,g ∈{g 1 ,...,g Z }. Consider the index mapping relationship of the prototype filter functions of the filter bank as shown in Table 2
Table 2 index mapping table used when z=4 in the embodiment of the present invention
At this time, the liquid crystal display device,bits. And finally, converting the signal into a time domain for transmission.
As shown in fig. 3, at the receiving end, the received signal is changed into a time-frequency domain signal after passing through an a/D & removing pilot frequency & S/P module and a filter bank index detection & wiener (Wigner) transformation module, changed into a DD domain signal by passing through an SFFT module, and the detection results are respectively input into a DD domain index decoding module, a symbol decoding module and a filter bank index decoding module by passing through a DD domain detector to obtain recovered corresponding transmission bits, and finally a complete transmission bit stream is obtained by passing through a bit co-current device.
After time domain equalization, the maximum energy matching method is adopted to carry out filter bank index detection on the received time domain signal r (t):
step 1: the prototype filter function corresponding outputs of the Z filters are calculated:
step 2: judging that the energy value in the Z outputs is the largest, namely the selected prototype filter function:
according toIs transformed into the time-frequency domain by Wigner transformation
Wherein g rx,g The receive matched prototype filter function employed for group g,as a fuzzy function, the signal is finally transformed to DD domain by SFFT
Using maximum likelihood detection of active positions in a matrix of received symbols and transmitted symbols
Detection resultThe data is output through a bit stream converter after DD domain index decoding, symbol decoding and filter bank index decoding respectively.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication system is characterized by comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end;
at the transmitting end, the input bit stream is divided into a plurality of groups by a bit splitter, and each group comprises a delay-Doppler DD domain index bit, a sign bit and a filter group index bit; the filter bank index bits are output to the Heisenberg conversion module after passing through the filter bank index selection module and used for selecting a prototype filter function; DD domain index bits and symbol bits are respectively sent to an OTFS block generator after passing through a DD domain index selection module and a constellation mapping module, generated DD domain signals are changed into time-frequency domain signals through an inverse-octal Fourier transform (ISFFT) module, are changed into time-domain signals through a Heisenberg transform module, and are finally sent to channel transmission through a P/S & insert pilot frequency & D/A module;
at the receiving end, the received signal is changed into a time-frequency domain signal after passing through an A/D & removing pilot frequency & S/P module and a filter bank index detection & Wigner conversion module, is changed into a DD domain signal after passing through an SFFT module, and the detection results are respectively input into a DD domain index decoding module, a symbol decoding module and a filter bank index decoding module through a DD domain detector to obtain recovered corresponding transmission bits, and finally a complete transmission bit stream is obtained through a bit parallel flow device.
2. The multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication system of claim 1, wherein the Heisenberg transform module in the transmitting end determines a primitive filtering function used in the Heisenberg transform according to a filter bank index selection result; filter bank index detection in the receiving end
The Wigner transformation module directly outputs the detection result to the filter bank index decoding module, and determines a primitive filtering function used in Wigner transformation.
3. The communication method of a multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication system according to claim 1, comprising a transmitting method and a receiving method;
the transmission method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the transmitted binary bit stream is divided into a plurality of groups by a bit splitter, and symbol bits in each group are output as complex symbols after constellation mapping; the DD domain index bit is used for determining the position of the activated symbol in the DD domain matrix through index selection, and the unselected position is silenced, namely, does not bear a data symbol; and then mapping out the complete DD domain transmission signal, and converting the DD domain transmission signal into a time-frequency domain signal through ISFFT;
step 2: the index selection result of the filter bank in each group is directly output to a Heisenberg transformation module for selecting a prototype filter function, and finally, signals are transformed to a time domain for transmission;
the receiving method comprises the following steps:
step 3: after the time-frequency double-selection channel and the noise function, firstly carrying out filter bank index detection on the received time-domain signal, adopting Wigner of a corresponding prototype filter function to transform the time-frequency domain, and then changing the time-frequency domain signal into a DD domain signal through SFFT;
step 4: and detecting the active position and the transmission symbol in the received symbol matrix in the DD domain, respectively decoding the detection result to obtain recovered DD domain index bit, symbol bit and filter bank index bit information, and finally merging through a bit stream converter to obtain a complete transmission bit.
4. A multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication method according to claim 3, wherein in step 1, considering that the number of subcarriers of the OTFS system is M, the number of symbols is N, the total B bits are equally divided into G groups, each group has p=b/G bits mapped into OTFS sub-blocks, and the symbol length in each OTFS sub-block is k=mn/G; the p bits in each group consist of three parts, namely DD domain index bits p 1 Sign bit p 2 And filter bank index bit p 3 ，p＝p 1 +p 2 +p 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the method comprises the steps ofBits are used to select R from K symbol positions for transmitting data symbols, ">And->Respectively a downward rounding function and a binomial coefficient, and is selected and output as I through DD domain index g ＝{i g,1 ,i g,2 ,…,i g,R }，i g,r ∈{1,2,...,K}，g＝1,...,G，r＝1,...,R；p 2 ＝Rlog 2 Q bits are mapped by a Q-dimensional constellation to form R data symbols which are recorded as s g ＝{s g,1 ,s g,2 ,...,s g,R }，/>g=1.. G, r=1, R, wherein>A constellation symbol of Q dimension; will beThe signals of each group are arranged into an MxN DD domain matrix by an OTFS block generator, and the sign of the kth row and the kth column on the domain is +.>k=0..n-1, l=0..m-1; through ISFFT conversion
The DD domain signal is transformed into the time-frequency domain.
5. The method for multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication according to claim 4, wherein in step 2,bits are used to select the prototype filter function used in the Heisenberg transform from a filter bank of length Z, the filter bank selection module output being denoted F g E {1,2,., Z }, g=1.. G, G; heisenberg transform transforms a signal from the time-frequency domain to the time domain
Where Δf is the subcarrier spacing, t=1/Δfis the duration of each group of symbols, g tx,g A transmit prototype filter function used for group g tx,g ∈{g 1 ,...,g Z }。
6. A multi-dimensional index modulation OTFS communication method according to claim 3, wherein in step 3, the prototype filter function used satisfies g z (t)＝f z (T f -t)，t∈[0,T f ]For filter duration, z=1,..z; after time domain equalization, the maximum energy matching method is adopted to carry out filter bank index detection on the received time domain signal r (t):
step 1: the prototype filter function corresponding outputs of the Z filters are calculated:
step 2: judging that the energy value in the Z outputs is the largest, namely the selected prototype filter function:
according toIs transformed into the time-frequency domain by Wigner transformation
Wherein g rx,g The receive matched prototype filter function employed for group g,as a fuzzy function, the signal is finally transformed to DD domain by SFFT
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 4, maximum likelihood detection is performed on active positions and transmission symbols in the received symbol matrix
Detection resultThe data is output through a bit stream converter after DD domain index decoding, symbol decoding and filter bank index decoding respectively.
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| CN112929316A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 南京邮电大学 | OTFS modulation-based interleaved time-frequency multiple access modulation and demodulation method and device |
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