CN114943127A - A calculation method for correcting the state of the sequence valve of a steam turbine to the state of a single valve - Google Patents
A calculation method for correcting the state of the sequence valve of a steam turbine to the state of a single valve Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,包括:计算大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率,计算大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率,计算大修前后汽轮机高压缸效率提升百分点和大修前后汽轮机调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率提升百分点,计算汽轮机单阀至顺序阀缸效率单独提升百分点,确定汽轮机高压缸效率提升一个百分点对汽轮机热耗率的绝对影响量,计算汽轮机从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率修正量,计算从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率。本发明可以将汽轮机在顺序阀状态下的热耗率修正到单阀状态下的热耗率。
The invention discloses a calculation method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a single valve state. After the overhaul, the high-pressure cylinder efficiency and the cylinder efficiency of the regulation stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section under the set working conditions, calculate the percentage increase in the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the turbine before and after the overhaul, and the steam from the regulation stage of the steam turbine to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust and expansion section before and after the overhaul The percentage increase in cylinder efficiency, calculate the percentage increase in the efficiency of the steam turbine single valve to the sequence valve cylinder alone, determine the absolute influence of the increase in the efficiency of the steam turbine high pressure cylinder by one percentage point on the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine, and calculate the steam turbine from the overhauled sequence valve state corrected to the single valve state Calculate the heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state. The present invention can correct the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine in the sequence valve state to the heat consumption rate in the single valve state.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于发电技术领域,具体涉及一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, and in particular relates to a calculation method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a state of a single valve.
背景技术Background technique
由于汽轮机大修前后运行状态受现场条件所限,通常大修前后汽轮机的运行状态难于统一到同一基准。为了把汽轮机大修前后的运行状态修正到同一基准,ASME PTC 2004标准中提出了一类修正方法和二类修正方法。一类修正方法主要进行系统修正,系统修正通常包括抽汽压损、加热器端差、给水泵焓升、小机进汽流量等修正项目。二类修正方法通常包括主蒸汽压力、主蒸汽温度、再热蒸汽温度、再热器压损、排汽压力等修正项目。但是不论是一类修正方法还是二类修正方法均未对汽轮机运行的阀序或阀门重叠度等进行修正。Because the operation state of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul is limited by the site conditions, it is usually difficult to unify the operation state of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul to the same benchmark. In order to correct the operating state of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul to the same benchmark, the ASME PTC 2004 standard proposes a type of correction method and a type of correction method. The first type of correction method is mainly for system correction. System correction usually includes correction items such as extraction steam pressure loss, heater end difference, feed pump enthalpy, and small machine inlet steam flow. The second type of correction method usually includes correction items such as main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, reheater pressure loss, and exhaust steam pressure. However, neither the first-class correction method nor the second-class correction method does not correct the valve sequence or valve overlap degree of steam turbine operation.
汽轮机在单阀状态下运行的热耗率和汽轮机在顺序阀状态下运行的热耗率是不相同的。通常汽轮机在同一负荷顺序阀状态下运行的热耗率较汽轮机在同一负荷单阀状态下运行的热耗率偏低,经济性更好。但是在进行汽轮机大修前后的性能试验时,通常会遇到大修前只能单阀运行大修后只能顺序阀运行或者大修前只能顺序阀运行大修后只能单阀运行的问题。The heat consumption rate of the steam turbine running under the single valve state is different from that of the steam turbine running under the sequence valve state. Generally, the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine running under the same load sequence valve state is lower than that of the steam turbine running under the same load single valve state, and the economy is better. However, when the performance test before and after the overhaul of the steam turbine is carried out, it is usually encountered that only a single valve can only operate before the overhaul and only the sequence valve can be operated after the overhaul, or only the sequence valve can only be operated before the overhaul.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种适用性强、方便可靠的汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的修正方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a state of a single valve, which is highly applicable, convenient and reliable.
本发明是采用如下技术方案来实现的:The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,包括以下步骤:A calculation method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a single valve state, comprising the following steps:
步骤1:设定大修前汽轮机在单阀下运行,大修后汽轮机在顺序阀下运行进行计算;Step 1: Set the steam turbine to run under a single valve before the overhaul, and run the steam turbine under the sequence valve for calculation after the overhaul;
步骤2:测量大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的主蒸汽压力Pms,主蒸汽温度Tms,调节级后蒸汽压力Ptj,调节级后蒸汽温度Ttj,高压缸排汽压力Pgp,以及高压缸排汽温度Tgp;Step 2: Measure the main steam pressure P ms , the main steam temperature T ms , the steam pressure P tj after the adjustment stage, the steam temperature T tj after the adjustment stage, and the exhaust steam pressure P gp of the high-pressure cylinder under the set operating conditions before the overhaul. and high-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature T gp ;
步骤3:计算大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率;Step 3: Calculate the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the steam turbine before the overhaul under the set working conditions and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section;
步骤4:测量大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的主蒸汽压力P′ms,主蒸汽温度T′ms,调节级后蒸汽压力P′tj,调节级后蒸汽温度T′tj,高压缸排汽压力P′gp,以及高压缸排汽温度T′gp;Step 4: Measure the main steam pressure P′ ms , the main steam temperature T′ ms , the steam pressure P′ tj after the adjustment stage, the steam temperature T′ tj after the adjustment stage, and the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder after the overhaul. pressure P′ gp , and high pressure cylinder exhaust temperature T′ gp ;
步骤5:计算大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率;Step 5: Calculate the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the steam turbine after the overhaul under the set operating conditions and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section;
步骤6:计算大修前后汽轮机高压缸效率提升百分点和大修前后汽轮机调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率提升百分点;Step 6: Calculate the percentage increase in the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul and the percentage increase in the efficiency of the steam turbine in the exhaust expansion section of the high pressure cylinder after the adjustment stage of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul;
步骤7:计算汽轮机单阀至顺序阀缸效率单独提升百分点,以符号Δη代表;Step 7: Calculate the percentage increase in the efficiency of the steam turbine single valve to the sequence valve cylinder alone, represented by the symbol Δη;
步骤8:根据汽轮机机型查阅相关文献确定汽轮机高压缸效率提升一个百分点对汽轮机热耗率的绝对影响量,该绝对影响量以符号h代表;Step 8: According to the model of the steam turbine, refer to the relevant literature to determine the absolute influence of the increase in the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine by one percentage point on the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine, and the absolute influence is represented by the symbol h;
步骤9:计算汽轮机从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率修正量,以符号ΔHRv代表;Step 9: Calculate the correction amount of the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine from the state of the sequence valve after the overhaul to the state of the single valve, which is represented by the symbol ΔHR v ;
步骤10:计算从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率。Step 10: Calculate the heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state.
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤2中,采用变量的单位均采用国际单位制。A further improvement of the present invention lies in that, in step 2, the units used for the variables all use the International System of Units.
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤3中,根据下式计算大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 3, the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the steam turbine before the overhaul under the set operating conditions and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section are calculated according to the following formula;
Hms=H(Pms,Tms) (3-1)H ms =H(P ms , T ms ) (3-1)
Sms=S(Pms,Tms) (3-2)S ms =S(P ms , T ms ) (3-2)
Hgp=H(Pgp,Tgp) (3-3)H gp =H(P gp , T gp ) (3-3)
Hgps=H(Sms,Pgp) (3-4)H gps =H(S ms , P gp ) (3-4)
式(3-1)~(3-5)中,Hms代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽焓值;Sms代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽熵值;Hgp代表汽轮机大修前高压缸排汽焓值;Hgps代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;ηmsgp代表汽轮机大修前高压缸效率;式(3-1)~(3-5)中所用函数H(P,T),S(P,T)和H(S,P)根据工程实际需要选择采用67版水蒸气表或97版水蒸气表;In equations (3-1) to (3-5), H ms represents the main steam enthalpy value before the turbine overhaul; S ms represents the main steam entropy value before the steam turbine overhaul; H gp represents the high-pressure cylinder exhaust enthalpy value before the turbine overhaul; H gps represents the isentropic enthalpy value of the main steam to the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder before the turbine overhaul; η msgp represents the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder before the turbine overhaul; the functions H(P, T), S used in equations (3-1) to (3-5) (P, T) and H(S, P) according to the actual needs of the project, choose to use the 67 version of the water vapor table or the 97 version of the water vapor table;
Htj=H(Ptj,Ttj) (3-6)H tj =H(P tj , T tj ) (3-6)
Stj=S(Ptj,Ttj) (3-7)S tj =S(P tj , T tj ) (3-7)
Hgpstj=H(Stj,Pgp) (3-8)H gpstj =H(S tj , P gp ) (3-8)
式(3-6)~(3-9)中,Htj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽焓值;Stj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽熵值;Hgpstj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;ηtjgp代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。In equations (3-6) to (3-9), H tj represents the enthalpy value of the steam turbine after the adjustment stage before overhaul; S tj represents the steam entropy value after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine; H gpstj represents the steam after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine The isentropic enthalpy value of the exhaust steam to the high-pressure cylinder; η tjgp represents the cylinder efficiency of the steam to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine.
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤5中,根据下式计算大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 5, the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the overhauled steam turbine under the set operating conditions and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section are calculated according to the following formula;
H'ms=H(P′ms,T′ms) (5-1)H' ms = H(P' ms , T' ms ) (5-1)
S'ms=S(P′ms,T′ms) (5-2)S' ms =S(P' ms , T' ms ) (5-2)
H'gp=H(P′gp,T′gp) (5-3)H' gp = H(P' gp , T' gp ) (5-3)
H'gps=H(S'ms,P′gp) (5-4)H' gps = H(S' ms , P' gp ) (5-4)
式(5-1)~(5-5)中,H'ms代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽焓值;S'ms代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽熵值;H'gp代表汽轮机大修后高压缸排汽焓值;H'gps代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;η'msgp代表汽轮机大修后高压缸效率;In formulas (5-1) to (5-5), H' ms represents the main steam enthalpy after the turbine overhaul; S' ms represents the main steam entropy after the turbine overhaul; H' gp represents the exhaust enthalpy of the high-pressure cylinder after the turbine overhaul value; H' gps represents the isentropic enthalpy value of the exhaust steam from the main steam to the high-pressure cylinder after the turbine overhaul; η' msgp represents the high-pressure cylinder efficiency after the turbine overhaul;
H′tj=H(P′tj,T′tj) (5-6)H' tj =H(P' tj , T' tj ) (5-6)
S′tj=S(P′tj,T′tj) (5-7)S' tj =S(P' tj , T' tj ) (5-7)
H'gpstj=H(S′tj,P′tj) (5-8)H' gpstj = H(S' tj , P' tj ) (5-8)
式(5-6)~(5-9)中,Ht'j代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽焓值;S′tj代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽熵值;H'gpstj代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;η′tjgp代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。In equations (5-6) to (5-9), H t ' j represents the steam enthalpy value after the adjustment stage after the overhaul of the steam turbine; S′ tj represents the steam entropy value after the adjustment stage after the overhaul of the steam turbine; H' gpstj represents the steam turbine after the overhaul The isentropic enthalpy value of the steam after the adjustment stage to the exhaust steam of the high pressure cylinder; η′ tjgp represents the cylinder efficiency of the steam from the steam to the high pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section after the overhaul of the turbine after the adjustment stage.
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤6中,根据下式计算大修前后汽轮机高压缸效率提升百分点和大修前后汽轮机调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率提升百分点;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 6, the percentage increase in the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul and the percentage increase in the cylinder efficiency in the exhaust expansion section from the steam to the high pressure cylinder after the adjustment stage of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul are calculated according to the following formula;
Δηmsgp=η'msgp-ηmsgp (6-1)Δη msgp = η' msgp -η msgp (6-1)
Δηtjgp=η′tjgp-ηtjgp (6-2)。Δη tjgp = η′ tjgp - η tjgp (6-2).
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤7中,根据下式计算汽轮机单阀至顺序阀缸效率单独提升百分点,以符号Δη代表;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 7, the single-valve-to-sequential valve-cylinder efficiency of the steam turbine is calculated according to the following formula, which is represented by the symbol Δη;
Δη=Δηmsgp-Δηtjgp (7-1)。Δη=Δη msgp −Δη tjgp (7-1).
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤9中,根据下式计算汽轮机从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率修正量,以符号ΔHRv代表;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 9, the correction amount of the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine from the state of the sequence valve after the overhaul to the state of the single valve is calculated according to the following formula, which is represented by the symbol ΔHR v ;
ΔHRv=Δη×h (9-1)。ΔHR v =Δη×h (9-1).
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤10中,根据下式计算从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率;A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 10, the heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state is calculated according to the following formula;
HRc=HRxh-ΔHRv (10-1)HR c =HR xh -ΔHR v (10-1)
式(10-1)中HRc代表从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的汽轮机热耗率;HRxh代表大修后汽轮机热耗率。In formula (10-1), HR c represents the steam turbine heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state; HR xh represents the steam turbine heat consumption rate after the overhaul.
本发明至少具有如下有益的技术效果:The present invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明提供了一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,为了把大修后顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态或者把大修后单阀状态修正到顺序阀状态,方便大修前后汽轮机在同一阀位控制基准上进行热耗率比较,反之,把汽轮机单阀状态修正到顺序阀状态的修正方法也可以参考本发明执行。因此,本发明在汽轮机大修前后阀位基准不一致时可以实现修正至阀位基准一致的目标。The invention provides a calculation method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a single valve state. The heat consumption rate is compared on the same valve position control reference. On the contrary, the correction method for correcting the state of the single valve of the steam turbine to the state of the sequence valve can also be implemented with reference to the present invention. Therefore, the present invention can achieve the goal of correcting to the same valve position reference when the valve position reference before and after the overhaul of the steam turbine is inconsistent.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的焓熵示意图;Fig. 1 is the enthalpy entropy schematic diagram of the present invention;
附图标记说明:Description of reference numbers:
ms、主蒸汽,tj、调节级后蒸汽,gp、高压缸排汽。ms, main steam, tj, steam after adjustment stage, gp, exhaust steam from high pressure cylinder.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本发明的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本发明,并且能够将本发明的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be more thoroughly understood, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,包括需要计算调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a calculation method for correcting the state of a sequence valve of a steam turbine to a single valve state, including the need to calculate the cylinder efficiency in the exhaust steam expansion section of the high-pressure cylinder after the regulation stage.
所述的一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,所述的调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率可以近似代替汽轮机高压缸效率。调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率在大修后较大修前的提升量可以认为是大修产生的效果。In the calculation method of the state of the steam turbine sequence valve being corrected to the state of the single valve, the cylinder efficiency of the steam to the high pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section after the regulation stage can approximately replace the steam turbine high pressure cylinder efficiency. After the adjustment stage, the cylinder efficiency of the exhaust steam expansion section of the high-pressure cylinder can be considered as the effect of the overhaul.
所述的一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,所述的大修后顺序阀状态的高压缸效率较大修前单阀状态的高压缸效率提升量中包括两部分:第一部分为顺序阀较单阀的缸效率提升量;第二部分为大修后较大修前由于检修产生的提升量,第二部分可以用调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率在大修后较大修前的提升量来代替。In the calculation method for correcting the state of the sequence valve of a steam turbine to the state of a single valve, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder in the state of the sequence valve after the overhaul is larger than the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder in the state of the single valve before the repair, including two parts: the first part. It is the improvement of the cylinder efficiency of the sequence valve compared with the single valve; the second part is the lift due to the maintenance after the overhaul and before the overhaul, and the second part can use the steam after the adjustment stage to the high pressure cylinder. The amount of lift before the overhaul is replaced.
所述的一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,在大修后顺序阀状态的高压缸效率较大修前单阀状态的高压缸效率提升量中扣除调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率在大修后较大修前的提升量后,剩余部分即为顺序阀较单阀的缸效率提升量,也即为顺序阀修正至单阀的缸效率修正量。The described calculation method for correcting the state of the sequence valve of a steam turbine to the state of a single valve, after the overhaul, the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder in the state of the sequence valve after the overhaul is larger than that of the high pressure cylinder in the state of the single valve before the repair, after deducting the adjustment stage, the steam is transferred to the high pressure cylinder. After the overhaul of the cylinder efficiency in the exhaust expansion section is larger than that before the overhaul, the remaining part is the cylinder efficiency improvement of the sequence valve compared to the single valve, that is, the cylinder efficiency correction from the sequence valve to the single valve.
本发明进一步的改进在于,需要寻找计算方法准确计算高压缸效率提升一个百分点对汽轮机热耗率的绝对影响量,本发明目前采用资料法选用。A further improvement of the present invention lies in that it is necessary to find a calculation method to accurately calculate the absolute influence of a one percent increase in the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder on the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine, and the present invention currently adopts the data method for selection.
所述的一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法包括三个状态点:ms、主蒸汽;tj、调节级后蒸汽;gp、高压缸排汽。The calculation method for correcting the state of the sequence valve of the steam turbine to the state of the single valve includes three state points: ms, main steam; tj, steam after adjustment stage; gp, exhaust steam of high pressure cylinder.
本发明提供的一种汽轮机顺序阀状态修正到单阀状态下的计算方法,包括以下步骤:A calculation method for correcting the state of a steam turbine sequence valve to a single valve state provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤1:假设大修前汽轮机在单阀下运行,大修后汽轮机在顺序阀下运行。如果假设大修后汽轮机在单阀下运行,大修前汽轮机在顺序阀下运行也同样适用。本发明以大修前汽轮机在单阀下运行,大修后汽轮机在顺序阀下运行进行计算。Step 1: Assume that the steam turbine is running under a single valve before the overhaul, and the steam turbine is running under a sequence valve after the overhaul. If it is assumed that the turbine operates under a single valve after the overhaul, the same applies to the operation of the turbine under the sequence valve before the overhaul. In the present invention, the steam turbine runs under the single valve before the overhaul, and the steam turbine runs under the sequence valve after the overhaul for calculation.
步骤2:测量大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的主蒸汽压力Pms,主蒸汽温度Tms,调节级后蒸汽压力Ptj,调节级后蒸汽温度Ttj,高压缸排汽压力Pgp,高压缸排汽温度Tgp。本发明所采用变量的单位均采用国际单位制。Step 2: Measure the main steam pressure P ms , the main steam temperature T ms , the steam pressure P tj after the adjustment stage, the steam temperature T tj after the adjustment stage, and the exhaust steam pressure P gp of the high-pressure cylinder under the set operating conditions before the overhaul. High pressure cylinder exhaust temperature T gp . The units of the variables used in the present invention all adopt the International System of Units.
步骤3:根据下式计算大修前汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。设定工况根据工程实际需要确定,可以是一个也可以是多个。Step 3: Calculate the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder under the set working conditions before the overhaul and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the exhaust-gas expansion section of the high-pressure cylinder according to the following formula. The set working condition is determined according to the actual needs of the project, which can be one or more.
Hms=H(Pms,Tms) (3-1)H ms =H(P ms , T ms ) (3-1)
Sms=S(Pms,Tms) (3-2)S ms =S(P ms , T ms ) (3-2)
Hgp=H(Pgp,Tgp) (3-3)H gp =H(P gp , T gp ) (3-3)
Hgps=H(Sms,Pgp) (3-4)H gps =H(S ms , P gp ) (3-4)
式(3-1)~(3-5)中,Hms代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽焓值;Sms代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽熵值;Hgp代表汽轮机大修前高压缸排汽焓值;Hgps代表汽轮机大修前主蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;ηmsgp代表汽轮机大修前高压缸效率。另外,式(3-1)~(3-5)中所用函数H(P,T),S(P,T)和H(S,P)可以根据工程实际需要选择采用67版水蒸气表或97版水蒸气表,下同。值得注意的是:一旦决定采用某版本水蒸气表,计算全过程均采用同一版本水蒸气表,保持上下一致。In equations (3-1) to (3-5), H ms represents the main steam enthalpy value before the turbine overhaul; S ms represents the main steam entropy value before the steam turbine overhaul; H gp represents the high-pressure cylinder exhaust enthalpy value before the turbine overhaul; H gps represents the isentropic enthalpy value of the main steam before the turbine overhaul to the exhaust steam of the high pressure cylinder; η msgp represents the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder before the turbine overhaul. In addition, the functions H(P, T), S(P, T) and H(S, P) used in equations (3-1) to (3-5) can be selected according to the actual needs of the project, using the 67 version of the water vapor table or 97 version of the water vapor table, the same below. It is worth noting that once it is decided to use a certain version of the water vapor table, the same version of the water vapor table is used throughout the calculation process, keeping the same up and down.
Htj=H(Ptj,Ttj) (3-6)H tj =H(P tj , T tj ) (3-6)
Stj=S(Ptj,Ttj) (3-7)S tj =S(P tj , T tj ) (3-7)
Hgpstj=H(Stj,Pgp) (3-8)H gpstj =H(S tj , P gp ) (3-8)
式(3-6)~(3-9)中,Htj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽焓值;Stj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽熵值;Hgpstj代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;ηtjgp代表汽轮机大修前调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。In equations (3-6) to (3-9), H tj represents the enthalpy value of the steam turbine after the adjustment stage before overhaul; S tj represents the steam entropy value after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine; H gpstj represents the steam after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine The isentropic enthalpy value of the exhaust steam to the high-pressure cylinder; η tjgp represents the cylinder efficiency of the steam to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section after the adjustment stage before the overhaul of the steam turbine.
步骤4:测量大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的主蒸汽压力P′ms,主蒸汽温度T′ms,调节级后蒸汽压力P′tj,调节级后蒸汽温度T′tj,高压缸排汽压力P′gp,高压缸排汽温度T′gp。Step 4: Measure the main steam pressure P′ ms , the main steam temperature T′ ms , the steam pressure P′ tj after the adjustment stage, the steam temperature T′ tj after the adjustment stage, and the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder after the overhaul. Pressure P' gp , high pressure cylinder exhaust temperature T' gp .
步骤5:根据下式计算大修后汽轮机在设定工况下的高压缸效率及调节级至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。Step 5: Calculate the high-pressure cylinder efficiency of the overhauled steam turbine under the set operating conditions and the cylinder efficiency of the adjustment stage to the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam expansion section according to the following formula.
H'ms=H(P′ms,T′ms) (5-1)H' ms = H(P' ms , T' ms ) (5-1)
S'ms=S(P′ms,T′ms) (5-2)S' ms =S(P' ms , T' ms ) (5-2)
H'gp=H(P′gp,T′gp) (5-3)H' gp = H(P' gp , T' gp ) (5-3)
H'gps=H(S'ms,P′gp) (5-4)H' gps = H(S' ms , P' gp ) (5-4)
式(5-1)~(5-5)中,H'ms代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽焓值;S'ms代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽熵值;H'gp代表汽轮机大修后高压缸排汽焓值;H'gps代表汽轮机大修后主蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;η′msgp代表汽轮机大修后高压缸效率。In formulas (5-1) to (5-5), H' ms represents the main steam enthalpy after the turbine overhaul; S' ms represents the main steam entropy after the turbine overhaul; H' gp represents the exhaust enthalpy of the high-pressure cylinder after the turbine overhaul value; H' gps represents the isentropic enthalpy value of the main steam to the exhaust steam of the high pressure cylinder after the turbine overhaul; η' msgp represents the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder after the turbine overhaul.
H′tj=H(P′tj,T′tj) (5-6)H' tj =H(P' tj , T' tj ) (5-6)
S′tj=S(P′tj,T′tj) (5-7)S' tj =S(P' tj , T' tj ) (5-7)
H'gpstj=H(S′tj,P′tj) (5-8)H' gpstj = H(S' tj , P' tj ) (5-8)
式(5-6)~(5-9)中,H′tj代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽焓值;S′tj代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽熵值;H'gpstj代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽等熵焓值;η′tjgp代表汽轮机大修后调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率。In equations (5-6) to (5-9), H' tj represents the steam enthalpy value after the adjustment stage after the overhaul of the steam turbine; S' tj represents the steam entropy value after the adjustment stage after the overhaul of the steam turbine; H' gpstj represents the adjustment after the overhaul of the steam turbine isentropic enthalpy value of the steam after the stage to the exhaust steam of the high pressure cylinder; η′ tjgp represents the cylinder efficiency of the steam turbine after the overhaul of the regulation stage to the exhaust steam of the high pressure cylinder.
步骤6:根据下式计算大修前后汽轮机高压缸效率提升百分点和大修前后汽轮机调节级后蒸汽至高压缸排汽膨胀段缸效率提升百分点。Step 6: Calculate the percentage increase in the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul and the percentage increase in the cylinder efficiency in the exhaust expansion section from the steam to the high pressure cylinder after the adjustment stage of the steam turbine before and after the overhaul according to the following formula.
Δηmsgp=η'msgp-ηmsgp (6-1)Δη msgp = η' msgp -η msgp (6-1)
Δηtjgp=η′tjgp-ηtjgp (6-2)Δη tjgp = η′ tjgp -η tjgp (6-2)
步骤7:根据下式计算汽轮机单阀至顺序阀缸效率单独提升百分点,以符号Δη代表。Step 7: According to the following formula, calculate the single-valve-to-sequence-valve-cylinder efficiency improvement percentage of the steam turbine, which is represented by the symbol Δη.
Δη=Δηmsgp-Δηtjgp (7-1)Δη=Δη msgp -Δη tjgp (7-1)
步骤8:根据汽轮机机型查阅相关文献确定汽轮机高压缸效率提升一个百分点对汽轮机热耗率的绝对影响量,该绝对影响量以符号h代表。Step 8: According to the steam turbine type, refer to the relevant literature to determine the absolute influence of the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine by one percentage point on the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine, and the absolute influence is represented by the symbol h.
步骤9:根据下式计算汽轮机从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率修正量,以符号ΔHRv代表。Step 9: Calculate the heat consumption rate correction amount of the steam turbine from the state of the sequence valve after the overhaul to the state of the single valve according to the following formula, which is represented by the symbol ΔHR v .
ΔHRv=Δη×h (9-1)ΔHR v =Δη×h (9-1)
步骤10:根据下式计算从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的热耗率。Step 10: Calculate the heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state according to the following formula.
HRc=HRxh-ΔHRv (10-1)HR c =HR xh -ΔHR v (10-1)
式(10-1)中HRc代表从大修后顺序阀状态修正至单阀状态下的汽轮机热耗率;HRxh代表大修后汽轮机热耗率。In formula (10-1), HR c represents the steam turbine heat consumption rate corrected from the sequence valve state after the overhaul to the single valve state; HR xh represents the steam turbine heat consumption rate after the overhaul.
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the claimed protection of the present invention.
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