CN114943105A - Method for optimizing performance of annular thermoelectric generator containing spiral bands - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a performance optimization method of an annular thermoelectric generator containing spiral buttons, which combines the spiral buttons with the annular thermoelectric generator. In addition, the method utilizes the joint simulation of the Comsol and the Matlab to realize the performance angle measurement of the thermoelectric system and the design of the optimized spiral link, and endows a new application scene of the spiral link and the potential commercial value of the annular thermoelectric generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric conversion waste heat recovery, in particular to a method for optimizing the performance of an annular thermoelectric generator containing spiral ties.
Background
With the global energy crisis and the problem of exceeding the carbon emission standard becoming more serious, the research on green clean energy becomes a hot research direction at present. A Thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a device that can directly convert heat energy into electric energy based on the seebeck effect, and has many advantages of environmental protection, no noise, good reliability, and the like. Has important significance for improving the energy utilization rate and the energy structure.
However, the output power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric power generation device are still low at present, the development of the annular thermoelectric power generation device is limited, and the optimization of the design of the thermoelectric power generation device is very important for improving the practical application value and promoting the commercialization process. The thermoelectric efficiency can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for Carnot efficiency (Carnot efficiency),
is the average temperature of the cold and hot ends,ZTthe value is the thermoelectric figure of merit of the thermoelectric material. As can be seen from the formula, there are two main ways to improve the performance of the thermoelectric power generation device: one is by increasing the thermoelectric figure of merit of the thermoelectric material and one is by improving the temperature difference between the cold and hot sides of the thermoelectric power generation device.
With respect to lifting thermoelectric materials from the material levelZTThe value study is extensive. For example: patent number CN202011069673.4 (Male)Opening the number: CN112342619A, published: 2021.02.09) discloses a method for preparing thermoelectric material by gradient ingot casting to optimize carrier concentration; the invention patent with the patent number of CN201910920684.X (publication number: CN110642232A, publication number: 2020.01.03) discloses an optimized N-type Bi 2 Te 3 Methods of base thermoelectric material organization and performance.
In the context of waste heat recovery from automobile exhaust, the temperature of the automobile exhaust defines the operating temperature range of the hot side, which results in the selected thermoelectric material and the thermoelectric materialZTTherefore, it is a very promising approach to improve the overall performance of thermoelectric generators by improving the thermoelectric by means of enhanced heat transfer, since this can increase the hot side temperature to increase the temperature difference across the thermoelectric generator. The concrete embodiment is as follows: the invention patent with the patent number CN201910324672.0 (publication number CN110348037A, published: 2019.10.18) provides an optimization method of an electric topological structure of an automobile tail gas thermoelectric conversion device, an optimal topological structure is obtained by applying a genetic algorithm, and the invention with the patent number CN202011119994.0 (publication number CN112311279A, published: 2021.02.02) provides a thermoelectric generation module for fluid waste heat recovery and a structure optimization method thereof, and by changing the cross-sectional area of a thermoelectric semiconductor, the output performance of the thermoelectric generation module for fluid waste heat recovery is effectively improved, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric generation module is improved.
Above-mentioned patent expands around flat thermoelectric generator, but to cylindrical heat sources such as automobile exhaust pipeline, generally make thermoelectric generator's shape into the annular, compare in flat thermoelectric generator, laminating car exhaust duct that annular thermoelectric generator can be better to eliminate the thermal contact resistance that geometry mismatch arouses, reduce heat loss, have more advantages.
Current research on enhancing heat transfer in annular thermoelectric generators is not fully developed. Limited by the power generation efficiency and the investment cost of the thermoelectric device, the transition modification of the heat exchanger not only increases the modification cost, but also increases the exhaust back pressure, resulting in the reduction of the net power of the system. Due to the high symmetry of the annular automobile exhaust pipe, a reinforced heat transfer mode which is simple in modification, low in cost and high in practicability is explored for the annular thermoelectric generator, and the problem to be solved urgently is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a performance optimization method of an annular thermoelectric generator containing spiral ties, which is characterized in that a spiral tie is arranged in a hot-end heat exchanger to enhance the heat transfer rate and the heat uniformity of the hot-end heat exchanger of a thermoelectric module, and the optimal geometric parameters of the spiral tie are obtained through a multi-objective genetic algorithm, so that the net power output and the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric generator are maximized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a performance optimization method for a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator containing spiral ligaments comprises the following steps:
s1: parametric modeling, namely establishing a three-dimensional numerical model of the annular thermoelectric generator containing the spiral ligament in the Comsol by considering the mutual coupling of the flow-heat-electricity physical fields; setting three geometric parameters for controlling the spiral link, wherein the three geometric parameters are respectively; radius ofRLength ofLNew line of forceaa；
S2: determining performance evaluation indexes of the annular thermoelectric generator, wherein the spiral band can increase friction resistance while enhancing heat transfer, namely, the pressure drop loss can be increased while improving output efficiency; to measure the effect of enhanced heat transfer measures on the output performance of a ring-type thermoelectric generator, the total output power must be considered comprehensivelyP out And voltage drop lossP loss Put forward using net powerP net And conversion efficiency
The two indexes are used for measuring the thermoelectric performance, and a mathematical equation of net power and conversion efficiency is determined;
s3: performing joint simulation optimization, namely performing joint optimization simulation by combining a multi-physical-field coupling simulation function of Comsol and a data processing and optimizing function of Matlab; and (3) calculating in the Comsol, calculating the values of the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric generator with the spiral band, transmitting the calculation result to Matlab, and calling a genetic algorithm toolbox in the Matlab to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of the spiral band and the corresponding maximum values of the net power and the conversion efficiency.
Preferably, step S1 further includes the steps of:
step S11: determining the geometry of a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with spiral ligaments;
step S12: and determining parameters of fluid at the cold end and the hot end of the annular thermoelectric generator.
Further, in step S11, the annular thermoelectric generator with the spiral band includes a heat exchanger and a thermocouple, the heat exchanger includes a tubular channel for carrying hot air in the middle and an annular cooling water channel on the outer side, and an annular thermocouple is disposed between the tubular channel and the annular cooling water channel; a spiral turbulent flow belt is arranged in the hot-end tubular heat exchanger to enhance heat exchange, so that the aim of optimizing thermoelectric performance is fulfilled;
the annular thermoelectric generator has 6 rings, each ring comprises 12 pairs of annular thermocouples; a thermocouple is composed of a p/n type semiconductor supporting leg, a conductive copper sheet and a ceramic sheet; the ring-shaped thermocouples are connected in a thermal parallel connection and an electric series connection mode; the height of the thermocouple is 5 mm; the angle of a single leg of the thermocouple is 10 degrees, and the angle between the single leg and the single leg is 5 degrees; the interval between the rings is 2 mm;
length of initial helical ligamentLIs 100mm in radiusRIs 2mm, kinkaa100, made from Steel AISI 4340.
Further, in step S12, the physical characteristics of the fluids at the cold end and the hot end are as follows:
preferably, step S2 further includes the steps of:
step S21: the thermal performance factor of the heat transfer enhancement as a whole depends on the heat transfer coefficient and friction losses; respectively by the Nussel numberNuAnd coefficient of friction𝑓The heat transfer performance and the frictional resistance after the spiral band is added are measured;
step S22: and measuring the output performance improvement of the annular thermoelectric generator after the spiral band is added by adopting net power and conversion efficiency.
Further, in step S21, the expressions of the knoop number Nu and the friction coefficient are:
in the formula:hwhich represents the average heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer,TiandToindicating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air,Adenotes the heat exchanger inner surface area, Tw denotes the inner wall average temperature,Tbwhich represents the average temperature of the air,Dthe hydraulic diameter is represented by the number of hydraulic cylinders,krepresents a thermal conductivity coefficient;vinwhich represents the average velocity of the fluid inlet,
may be obtained by post-processing calculations.
Further, in step S22, the expression of the pressure drop loss due to the increase in frictional resistance along the way after the addition of the spiral tie is considered as follows:
in the formula
Represents the volumetric flow rate of air;
the output power expression of the annular thermoelectric generator is as follows:
wherein I represents the output current of the thermoelectric system, R L Is a load resistance, and is,
the expression net power is:
the expression for efficiency is:
preferably, the step S3 further includes the steps of:
s31: running a Matlab genetic algorithm to generate design variables, wherein the three design variables are respectively the geometric parameters of the spiral ligament: length L, radius R, kink ratio aa;
s32: matlab passes the variable to Comsol;
s33: performing parametric modeling on the Comsol, generating a three-dimensional finite element model, performing simulation calculation, and calculating two objective function values which are respectively the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric system;
s34: transmitting the Commol simulation result to Matlab;
s35: judging whether an optimization result is achieved, if an optimal value is obtained, outputting the result, if the optimal value is not achieved, iterating the genetic algorithm to obtain the next generation of size parameters, transmitting the size parameters to Comsol for calculation, and repeating the steps until the optimal value is achieved.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the spiral link is combined with the annular thermoelectric generator, compared with other annular thermoelectric heat exchanger optimization methods, the spiral link is used as the most convenient enhanced heat transfer technology, the spiral link is relatively simple to process and manufacture, low in cost, easy to install and convenient to use, and the spiral link is very suitable for technical transformation of an old heat exchanger. In addition, the method utilizes the joint simulation of the Comsol and the Matlab to realize the performance angle measurement of the thermoelectric system and the design of the optimized spiral link, and endows a new application scene of the spiral link and the potential commercial value of the annular thermoelectric generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with spiral ligaments;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single thermocouple;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structural comparison between the control group and the experimental group;
FIG. 5 shows Knudsen numbers and friction coefficients of a control group and an experimental group at different Reynolds numbers;
FIG. 6 shows the output power and pressure drop loss at different Reynolds numbers for the control group and the experimental group;
FIG. 7 is a graph of net power and conversion efficiency at different Reynolds numbers for the control and experimental groups;
in the figure: 1. a circular cooling water channel; 2. a helical ligament; 3. a tubular channel carrying hot air; 4. an annular thermocouple; 5. a conductive copper sheet; 6. and (5) ceramic plates.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
A method for optimizing the performance of a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator comprising spiral ligaments as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: and (3) carrying out parametric modeling, and establishing a three-dimensional numerical model of the annular thermoelectric generator containing the spiral ligament in Comsol by considering mutual coupling of flow-heat-electricity physical fields. Setting three geometric parameters for controlling the spiral link, wherein the three geometric parameters are respectively; radius ofRLength ofLNew knot rateaa。
Further, the step S1 further includes the following steps:
step S11: determining the geometry of a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with spiral ligaments;
the annular thermoelectric generator consists of a heat exchanger and a thermocouple, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a tubular channel for carrying hot air in the middle and an annular cooling water channel at the outer side, and 72 pairs of annular thermocouples are arranged between the tubular channel and the annular cooling water channel. The invention is characterized in that a spiral band is arranged in the hot-end tubular heat exchanger to enhance heat exchange and achieve the purpose of optimizing thermoelectric performance.
The ring thermoelectric generator has 6 rings, each ring containing 12 pairs of ring thermocouples. A thermocouple is composed of p/n type semiconductor legs, conducting copper sheets and ceramic sheets. The ring thermocouples are connected in thermal parallel, electrical series. The thermocouple height was 5 mm. The angle of the single leg of the thermocouple is 10 degrees, and the angle between the single leg and the single leg is 5 degrees. The spacing between the rings was 2 mm.
Three parameters of the initial helical ligament were determined: length ofLIs 97mm radiusRIs 2mm, kinkaa100, made from Steel AISI 4340. The helical ligament is added to keep more heat transferred to the thermocouple rather than being lost through the outlet. The spiral band is a heat transfer enhancing turbulence element which is simple in structure and practical, the band inserted into the pipe enables fluid to generate spiral twisting along the band, the heat transfer speed between the fluid and the pipe wall can be increased, the heat transfer area is enlarged, and convection heat transfer is enhanced. Thereby improving the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric generator and increasing the temperature difference of the two ends of the thermocouple.
Step S12: determining the physical characteristics of the fluids at the cold end and the hot end of the annular thermoelectric generator, and the result is shown in table 1;
step S2: and determining the performance evaluation index of the annular thermoelectric generator, wherein the spiral band can increase the friction resistance while enhancing the heat transfer, namely the pressure drop loss can be increased while improving the output efficiency. In order to measure the influence of the heat transfer enhancement measure on the output performance of the annular thermoelectric generator, the total output power must be comprehensively consideredP out And voltage drop lossP loss Put forward using net powerP net And conversion efficiency
As two indexes for measuring thermoelectric performance, a mathematical equation of net power and conversion efficiency is determined.
For convenience of explanation, the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator without the spiral band in the hot-end round tube-shaped heat exchanger is set as a comparison group, and the improved ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with the spiral band added in the hot-end heat exchanger is set as an experimental group. The specific parameters of the helical ligaments in the experimental group were: length ofL0.097m, radiusR0.02m, new tensile strengthaaIs 100. The other geometric parameters were consistent with those of the control group. The inlet temperature of the hot gas was 673.15 k, and the inlet velocity was 8.3814 m/s.
Step S21: in general, the thermal performance factor of the heat transfer enhancement as a whole depends on the heat transfer coefficient and the friction loss. A good means of enhancing heat transfer should be a reasonable trade-off between increased heat transfer coefficient and frictional resistance. Respectively by the Nussel numberNuAnd coefficient of friction𝑓The heat transfer performance and the frictional resistance after the spiral band is added are measured;
nussel numberNuAnd coefficient of friction𝑓Are respectively:
in the formulahThe average heat transfer coefficient is expressed as,T i andT o indicating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air,Awhich represents the internal surface area of the heat exchanger,T w the average temperature of the inner wall is shown,T b which represents the average temperature of the air,Dthe hydraulic diameter is represented by the number of the hydraulic cylinders,krepresents a thermal conductivity coefficient;v in which represents the average velocity of the fluid inlet,
can be obtained by post-processing calculation;
as shown in FIG. 5, the Nussel numbers of the control group and the experimental groupNuDependent on Reynolds numberReAll increase of (2) shows a linear increasing trend with the same Reynolds number ReNussel number of experimental groupsNuThe heat transfer performance of the experimental group is obviously better than that of the light pipe.
Coefficient of friction of experimental group𝑓Dependent on Reynolds numberReThe increase in the ratio of the amount of the compound (B) was significantly decreased, and the friction coefficient in the control group was significantly decreased𝑓The overall variation is not significant. Coefficient of friction of experimental group𝑓The fluid friction resistance in the tube of the experimental group is obviously higher than that of the control group by 167-205 percent.
Step S22: to further illustrate the problem, net power and conversion efficiency are used to measure the improvement in output performance of the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator after the addition of the spiral ligaments. Fig. 5 shows net power and conversion efficiency of the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator without the spiral tie and the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with the built-in spiral tie at different reynolds numbers.
The expression for the loss in pressure drop due to the on-way increase in frictional resistance after considering the addition of the helical ligament is:
in the formula
Representing the volumetric flow of air.
The output power expression of the annular thermoelectric generator is as follows:
in the formulaIRepresenting the output current of the thermoelectric system,R L is a load resistance, and is,
the expression net power is:
the expression for efficiency is:
as shown in fig. 6, the thermoelectric system output power of the experimental group and the thermoelectric system output power of the control group are increased along with the increase of the reynolds number, and the thermoelectric generator output power of the experimental group is obviously higher than that of the control group. Illustrating that the spiral ligaments do help to improve the output performance of the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator. When the heat exchanger does not contain the spiral band, the pressure drop loss is below 0.1W and is not obviously changed along with the Reynolds number and can be ignored almost, however, after the spiral band is added, the pressure drop loss is continuously increased along with the increase of the Reynolds number, and the change trend is more and more obvious.
As shown in fig. 7, the conversion efficiency of both annular thermoelectric generators increased with increasing reynolds number, but the conversion efficiency of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Indicating that conversion efficiency can be improved by adding helical ligaments at different reynolds numbers. The change trend of the net power is turned, the net power of the thermoelectric generator in the experimental group is increased and then decreased, and the net power of the thermoelectric generator in the control group is increased all the time. When the Reynolds number is less than 12000, the addition of the spiral band brings double gains of efficiency and power, and the improvement effect is more obvious.
Step S3: and performing combined optimization simulation by combining the Comsol multi-physical-field coupling simulation function and the Matlab powerful data processing and optimization function. And (3) calculating in the Comsol, calculating the values of the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric generator with the spiral band, transmitting the calculation result to Matlab, and calling a genetic algorithm toolbox in the Matlab to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of the spiral band and the corresponding maximum values of the net power and the conversion efficiency.
Step S31: running a Matlab genetic algorithm to generate design variables, wherein the three design variables are respectively the geometric parameters of the spiral ligament: length ofLRadius ofRNew line of forceaa。
Step S32: matlab passes variables to Comsol
Step S33: performing parametric modeling on Comsol, generating a three-dimensional finite element model, performing simulation calculation, and calculating two objective function values which are respectively the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric system.
Step S34: transmitting Comsol simulation result to Matlab
Step S35: judging whether an optimization result is achieved, if an optimal value is obtained, outputting the result, if the optimal value is not achieved, iterating the genetic algorithm to obtain the next generation of size parameters, transmitting the size parameters to Comsol for calculation, and repeating the steps until the optimal value is achieved.
Table 2 lists the net power and conversion efficiency of the ring thermoelectric generator without helical ligaments, with initial helical ligaments, and with optimized helical ligaments, and the corresponding three geometric parameters
According to table 2, it can be seen that net power and conversion efficiency can be significantly improved by embedding the spiral ligament in the heat exchanger pipe of the annular thermoelectric generator, and the output performance of the annular thermoelectric generator can be further improved by joint optimization of Comsol and Matlab, so as to obtain the optimal geometric configuration of the spiral ligament.
The method and the system for optimizing the performance of the annular thermoelectric generator with the spiral band are effective, the performance angle of the thermoelectric system is measured, the design of the spiral band is optimized, and a new application scene of the spiral band and potential commercial value of the annular thermoelectric generator are given.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and principal structural features of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A performance optimization method for an annular thermoelectric generator containing spiral ligaments comprises the following steps:
s1: parametric modeling, namely establishing a three-dimensional numerical model of the annular thermoelectric generator containing the spiral ligament in the Comsol by considering the mutual coupling of the flow-heat-electricity physical fields; setting three geometric parameters for controlling the spiral link, wherein the three geometric parameters are respectively; radius ofRLength ofLNew knot rateaa；
S2: determining performance evaluation indexes of the annular thermoelectric generator, wherein the spiral band can increase friction resistance while enhancing heat transfer, namely, the pressure drop loss can be increased while improving output efficiency; in order to measure the influence of the heat transfer enhancement measure on the output performance of the annular thermoelectric generator, the total output power must be comprehensively consideredP out And voltage drop lossP loss Put forward using net powerP net And conversion efficiency
The two indexes are used for measuring the thermoelectric performance, and a mathematical equation of net power and conversion efficiency is determined;
s3: performing joint simulation optimization, namely performing joint optimization simulation by combining a multi-physical-field coupling simulation function of Comsol and a data processing and optimizing function of Matlab; and (3) calculating in the Comsol, calculating the values of the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric generator with the spiral band, transmitting the calculation result to Matlab, and calling a genetic algorithm toolbox in the Matlab to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of the spiral band and the corresponding maximum values of the net power and the conversion efficiency.
2. The method of optimizing performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments of claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the method further includes:
step S11: determining the geometry of a ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with spiral ligaments;
step S12: and determining parameters of fluid at the cold end and the hot end of the annular thermoelectric generator.
3. The method of optimizing performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments of claim 2, wherein: in step S11, the ring-shaped thermoelectric generator with the spiral ribbon includes a heat exchanger and a thermocouple, the heat exchanger includes a tubular channel for carrying heat air in the middle and a ring-shaped cooling water channel at the outer side, and a ring-shaped thermocouple is arranged between the tubular channel and the ring-shaped cooling water channel; a spiral turbulent flow belt is arranged in the hot-end tubular heat exchanger to enhance heat exchange, so that the aim of optimizing thermoelectric performance is fulfilled;
the annular thermoelectric generator has 6 rings, each ring comprises 12 pairs of annular thermocouples; a thermocouple is composed of a p/n type semiconductor supporting leg, a conductive copper sheet and a ceramic sheet; the ring-shaped thermocouples are connected in a thermal parallel connection and an electric series connection mode; the height of the thermocouple is 5 mm; the angle of a single leg of the thermocouple is 10 degrees, and the angle between the single leg and the single leg is 5 degrees; the interval between the rings is 2 mm;
length of initial helical ligamentLIs 100mm in radiusRIs 2mm, kinkaa100, made from Steel AISI 4340.
4. The method of optimizing the performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments as defined in claim 1, wherein: in step S12, the physical properties of the cold and hot fluids are as follows:
5. the method of optimizing the performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments as defined in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the method further includes:
step S21: the thermal performance factor of the heat transfer enhancement as a whole depends on the heat transfer coefficient and friction losses; respectively by the Nussel numberNuAnd coefficient of friction𝑓The heat transfer performance and the frictional resistance after the spiral band is added are measured;
step S22: the net power and conversion efficiency are used to measure the improvement of the output performance of the annular thermoelectric generator after the spiral band is added.
6. The method of optimizing performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments of claim 5, wherein: in step S21, the expressions of the knoop number Nu and the friction coefficient are:
in the formula:hwhich represents the average heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer,TiandToindicating the inlet and outlet temperature of the air,Adenotes the heat exchanger inner surface area, Tw denotes the inner wall average temperature,Tbwhich represents the average temperature of the air,Dthe hydraulic diameter is represented by the number of hydraulic cylinders,krepresents a thermal conductivity coefficient; vinindicating fluid inletThe average speed of the motor is,
can be obtained by post-processing calculation.
7. The method of optimizing the performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments, as set forth in claim 5, wherein: in step S22, the expression of the pressure drop loss due to the increase in frictional resistance along the way after the addition of the spiral tie is considered is:
in the formula
Represents the volumetric flow rate of air; the output power expression of the annular thermoelectric generator is as follows:
wherein I represents the output current of the thermoelectric system, R L Is a load resistance, and is,
the expression net power is:
the expression for efficiency is:
8. the method of optimizing the performance of a toroidal thermoelectric generator comprising helical ligaments as defined in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the method further includes:
s31: running a Matlab genetic algorithm to generate design variables, wherein the three design variables are respectively the geometric parameters of the spiral ligament: length L, radius R, kink ratio aa;
s32: matlab passes the variable to Comsol;
s33: performing parametric modeling on Comsol, generating a three-dimensional finite element model, performing simulation calculation, and calculating two objective function values which are respectively the net power and the conversion efficiency of the annular thermoelectric system;
s34: transmitting the Commol simulation result to Matlab;
s35: judging whether an optimization result is achieved, if an optimal value is obtained, outputting the result, if the optimal value is not achieved, iterating the genetic algorithm to obtain the next generation of size parameters, transmitting the size parameters to Comsol for calculation, and repeating the steps until the optimal value is achieved.
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