CN114942084A - Method and system for monitoring change amount of locked rail temperature of seamless track - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring change amount of locked rail temperature of seamless track Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring method and a system for a seamless track locking rail temperature change quantity, which comprises a matched installation step of data sampling, wherein in the step one, a steel rail test section is selected as an installation surface in a tested section of a steel rail, a strain gauge sensor is installed, and a rail temperature sensor is installed; secondly, the sensor to be detected is stably installed, and is connected with a signal acquisition instrument to carry out acquisition of strain and rail temperature on a construction site and set the sampling interval time of the strain and rail temperature; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high speed railway rail monitoring, in particular to a jointless track.
Background
The seamless track locking rail temperature is a basis for guiding maintenance work of the seamless track, and is a core parameter for ensuring that the seamless track does not have the problems of strength and stability. However, the actual locking rail temperature of the jointless track is gradually changed in the use process, so that the real-time accurate grasping of the locking rail temperature has important practical significance.
At present, the reasons for the change of the locked rail temperature of the seamless line mainly include three types: the reason of laying the rail, the reason of maintenance and the plastic rolling length of the steel rail. The reason for track laying is mainly that the actual locking track temperature is lower than the construction locking track temperature due to the fact that the track bar is not in a free state during track laying. However, with the improvement of the seamless line laying technology, equipment and requirements, the temperature reduction of the locking rail caused by rail laying basically cannot happen, and the invention patent does not consider. The maintenance reasons are mainly that the track bed and the fasteners can be disturbed during low-temperature maintenance operations of the track bed, the fasteners and the like, so that the resistance of the track bed is reduced, the fasteners are loosened, the steel rail can be elastically contracted and deformed, after a period of time, the resistance of the track bed and the resistance of the fasteners are basically recovered, and the steel rail cannot recover to the original length, so that the temperature of the locked rail is reduced; the plastic elongation of the steel rail means that the temperature of the locking rail is reduced due to creep (or slow plastic deformation) of the long rail when the seamless rail is used. Particularly, aiming at high and cold regions (northeast and russian regions in China), high and hot regions (africa and middle east regions) and regions with large temperature difference (such as Xinjiang regions), how to realize reasonable design monitoring, avoid the influence of temperature on devices, improve measurement accuracy, avoid the falling of sensors and reasonably set reference temperature becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently. The inventor does a lot of research before, for example, the design of the comprehensive test method of the seamless steel rail on the bridge based on the fiber grating sensor, but the effect is not accurate enough, therefore, the inventor forms the invention by skillfully improving the strain gauge measuring method to improve the monitoring quality.
At present, the field can be divided into three categories according to the principle: strain, stress, and energy. In the strain category, an observation pile method (observation piles are arranged on the edges of seamless lines) and a rail length calibration method (TS series steel rail temperature strain gauges developed by Beijing university of transportation) are commonly used; the stress category includes magnetic measurement, acoustic measurement and X-ray measurement; the energy mainly includes a transverse force application method, a rail lifting method and the like. The disadvantages are as follows: (1) personnel are required to be regularly arranged to observe or measure by adopting a characteristic instrument, and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved; (2) various methods in the stress method are not mature enough, and the adopted instruments and equipment are high in cost; (3) the transverse force application method and the steel rail lifting method in the energy method are used on site, the workload and the test time are long, and the driving time is required to be occupied. The invention can complete the work in the factory as much as possible, and shorten the construction period.
Disclosure of Invention
The locking rail temperature change principle based on the invention is as follows: taking a seamless track on a roadbed as an example, the reason for analyzing the change of the locked rail temperature from the perspective of the longitudinal strain of the steel rail comprises the following contents (T) s E, A and beta are respectively the elastic modulus, the section area and the Poisson ratio corresponding to the steel rail for locking the rail temperature before change), and the pressure is negative and the pull is positive.
Among others, the reason for maintenance;
first, the rail temperature at the time of jointless track maintenance is T w Theoretically, the longitudinal tension force F accumulated by the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβ(T w -T s ) Formula (18);
the corresponding strain is epsilon due to the longitudinal contraction of the rail caused by the reduction of resistance caused by maintenance w Then the tension in the rail at this point due to the shrinkage deformation is reduced to:
F＝-EA[β(T w -T s )+ε w ]＝-EAβ[T w -(T s -ε w /β)]formula (19);
then, when the resistance is restored, the constraint increases, and the shrinkage strain ε w Cannot be recovered, and at the same time, when the rail temperature is changed due to the increase of the constraint, the rail cannot be deformed in the longitudinal direction, and according to the formula (1), when the rail temperature is T, the relative rail temperature is T w The longitudinal force change amount Δ F of (1) is:
ΔF＝-EAβ(T-T w ) Formula (20))；
Secondly, the longitudinal force of the steel rail corresponding to any rail temperature T can be obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3):
F＝F w +ΔF＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε w /β)]formula (21);
comparing equation (22) with equation (23), the lock rail temperature is reduced by epsilon for a seamless track w /β。
Plastic elongation of rail
The rail is plastically deformed and has a plastic strain epsilon corresponding to the deformation in the longitudinal direction p This strain is also always present. Although there is plastic deformation, the rail longitudinal deformation is still restrained, so that when the rail temperature changes, the longitudinal elastic strain still cannot be generated, and the restrained strain is β (T-T) s )+ε p The longitudinal forces accumulated in the rail according to the basic principle of a jointless track are then:
F＝-EA[β(T-T s )+ε p ]＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε p /β)]formula (24)
Comparing equation (1) with equation (5), the lock rail temperature is reduced by epsilon for a seamless track p /β。
Comparing equation (4) with equation (5), although the shrinkage strain ε in maintenance w Plastic strain epsilon corresponding to plastic rolling length of steel rail p Will result in a decrease in the locked rail temperature of the seamless rail, but the two strains are different, where epsilon w Elastic strain is the strain that is constrained in the rail due to the increased resistance.
The present invention provides a method and a system for monitoring a change in locked rail temperature of a seamless rail.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for monitoring the change of locked rail temperature of seamless track includes such steps as providing a monitor,
s1 obtaining F based on the Huygens bridge c ；
Firstly, when the locked rail temperature change does not occur, the longitudinal force method pair of the steel rail is used as a sensor by utilizing strain testThe strain gauge assembly (2) of the device is mounted and a huygens bridge is set up, wherein the longitudinal restraint is unstrained: epsilon x ＝0；
Then, in the vertical free state, and taking into account the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y β Δ t ═ μ + 1; the temperature force F of the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβΔt＝EA(ε x -ε y ) /(. mu. +1) (. mu.)/(. mu. +1) formula (25);
where ε is the strain at the output of the Wheatstone bridge; mu Poisson's ratio when the steel rail is elastically deformed;
the test results obtained are the rail temperature T when mounted relative to the strain gage sensor and when the Huygens bridge is balanced z Relative value of time of day, i.e. test value F c ：
F c EA ∈/(μ +1) formula (26);
secondly, the value of the rail is 2.06 multiplied by 10 for E, A mu respectively according to 60kg/m 11 N/m 2 、77.45×10 -4 m 2 And 0.3. The strain test result is micro-strain, the micro-strain is converted into kN by combining with other parameters, and the corresponding formula is as follows:
F c 1.2273 epsilon formula (27);
s2, obtaining F based on the rail temperature c ；
First, based on the seamless track principle, there are:
F c ＝-k(T c -T z )＝-kT c +kT z formula (28);
wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, kN/DEG C, T c For testing rail temperature, T, corresponding to strain epsilon z Fitting through test data to obtain;
then, formula (29) combines formula (6) to yield:
EAβΔt＝kT c -kT z formula (30);
thus, for a 60kg/m rail, the value of the proportionality coefficient k should ideally be 18.8265;
s3, obtaining the elastic strain epsilon w Cause a decrease Δ in lock rail temperatureT s ；
Firstly, based on the principle of locking rail temperature change, the longitudinal strain epsilon is obtained x ＝ε w
Secondly, in a vertical free state, and considering the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-με w ；
Again, from the huygens bridge, the tested longitudinal forces were found to be:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝EAε w -EA β Δ t formula (31);
then:
ΔT s ＝ε w /β＝ [F c -(-EAβΔt)]/EAβ＝(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) /EA β formula (32);
s4, calculating the plastic strain epsilon p Resulting lock-up rail temperature reduction Δ T s
Firstly, based on the principle of locked rail temperature variation, there is a longitudinal strain: epsilon x ＝ε p ；
Secondly, in a vertical free state, and considering the elastic-plastic poisson effect, the corresponding strain is as follows:
ε y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-μ p ε p
again, according to the huygens bridge, the tested longitudinal forces were obtained as:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝-EAβΔt+EA(μ p +1)ε p /(. mu. +1) formula (33);
in the formula, mu p Is the Poisson's ratio of the steel rail in plastic deformation, i.e. the plastic Poisson's ratio, the magnitude of which is related to the magnitude of plastic strain, and epsilon under the condition of small deformation p <0.01, taking as 0.5; then the
ΔT s ＝ε p /β＝[F c -(-EAβΔt)](μ+1)/[EAβ(μ p +1)]＝0.8667(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) [ EA ] formula (34).
Prior to the monitoring, performing a step of determining a cause of the maintenance;
first, a seamless lineRail temperature in maintenance is T w Theoretically, the longitudinal tension force F accumulated by the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβ(T w -T s ) Formula (35);
T s based on the strain epsilon of the longitudinal contraction of the rail caused by the reduction of resistance due to maintenance, for the actual locking of the rail temperature w The tension in the rail is: f ═ EA [ beta (T) ] w -T s )+ε w ]＝-EAβ[T w -(T s -ε w /β)]Formula (36);
then, as the resistance recovers, the constraint increases and the shrinkage strain ε w Cannot be recovered, and at the same time, when the rail temperature changes due to the increase of the constraint, the rail is required not to be deformed in the longitudinal direction, and according to the formula (1), when the rail temperature is T, the relative rail temperature is T w The longitudinal force change amount Δ F of (1) is:
ΔF＝-EAβ(T-T w ) Formula (37);
secondly, the longitudinal force of the steel rail corresponding to any rail temperature T is obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3):
F＝F w +ΔF＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε w /β)]formula (38);
again, comparing equation (39) with equation (40), the lock rail temperature is reduced by ε for a seamless track w /β；
Then, with respect to the plastic elongation of the rail, the plastic strain epsilon of the rail in the longitudinal direction is met p Constrained strain of beta (T-T) s )+ε p The longitudinal forces accumulated in the rail are then:
F＝-EA[β(T-T s )+ε p ]＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε p /β)]formula (41)
Then, by comparing the equations (1) and (5), the lock rail temperature is lowered by ε for the seamless track p /β。
The monitoring method also includes a matched data sampling installation step,
selecting a steel rail test section as a mounting surface in a section to be tested of a steel rail, and mounting a strain gauge sensor and a rail temperature sensor;
secondly, the sensor to be detected is stably installed, and is connected with a signal acquisition instrument to carry out acquisition of strain and rail temperature on a construction site and set the sampling interval time of the strain and rail temperature;
step three, continuously observing stable data within set days to acquire time-strain (T-epsilon) and time-rail temperature (T-T) c ) And establishing t-F according to the time sequence and the formula (8) c -T c The data of (a);
step four, according to F c -T c Fitting the discrete point data according to a linear equation to obtain coefficients k and T in the formula (9) z ；
Step five, firstly, regularly developing the strain of the measuring points and monitoring the rail to obtain t-F c -T c The data of (a); if the track bed and the fasteners are not maintained, t-F is calculated according to equation (14) c -T c Monitoring the locking rail temperature change values corresponding to the data points, and taking the average locking rail temperature change value as the locking rail temperature change value of the line according to a set time period; if the track bed and the fastener maintenance exist in the line, t-F is calculated according to the formula (12) c -T c And monitoring the locking rail temperature change values corresponding to the data points, and taking the average value of the locking rail temperature change values every day as the locking rail temperature change value of the line.
The monitoring method is used for the area with the working temperature lower than the set air temperature, and the monitoring method is based on a monitoring system, and the system comprises a steel rail part, a strain gauge component, a collector terminal and a connecting wire part;
strain sheet assemblies are respectively arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail piece, and each strain sheet assembly comprises a pair of transverse and longitudinal strain sheet pieces to form a Huygens bridge; the strain gauge component is electrically connected with a collector terminal through a connecting wire part, and the collector terminal is electrically connected with a server; the collector terminal is provided with a temperature regulator;
and the strain gauge assembly collects data and uploads the data to the server through the collector terminal.
End fasteners are arranged at two ends of the strain sheet piece; the end fastener is riveted with the steel rail piece through the anchoring piece, the end fastener is welded with the steel rail piece, the strain gauge piece is welded with the steel rail piece and/or the strain gauge piece is bonded with the steel rail piece;
an end pressing sleeve is arranged at the end part of the strain sheet piece or the end fastening piece,
the end part of the connecting lead part is provided with a connecting flange to be connected with an end part fastener, and the connecting flange is provided with a magnetic force embedded sleeve which is matched with the end part pressed sleeve and is magnetically attracted; a signal lead is arranged in the connecting lead part and is used for being electrically connected with the strain gauge piece; the connecting lead part is provided with an outer sheath which comprises a double-layer glass fiber vacuum sheath at the end part and a heat-insulating lead layer wrapping the whole signal lead;
the strain gauge assembly and/or the collector terminal are/is installed in a factory or on site;
the monitoring system is also matched with a strain gauge mounting device;
the strain gage elements are conveyed by a mating strain gage mounting device.
A supporting device of a monitoring system for locking rail temperature variation of a seamless line is disclosed, wherein the monitoring system comprises a steel rail part and a strain gauge component;
strain sheet assemblies are respectively arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail piece, and each strain sheet assembly comprises a pair of transverse and longitudinal strain sheet pieces to form a Huygens bridge;
the matching device comprises a conveyor belt for conveying the strain gauge piece, wherein the conveyor belt is a feeding strip;
the lower part of the upper section of the conveyor belt is provided with a double-wing positioning part with equal arms, and the double-wing positioning part is used for bearing the strain sheet piece output from the conveyor belt and aligning and adjusting the strain sheet piece;
the double-wing positioning part comprises a hinged swinging part, swinging wing sliding plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinged swinging part, right-angled splayed blocking arms are movably arranged on the swinging wing sliding plates, and two right-angled blocking arms of the right-angled splayed blocking arms are obliquely crossed with the conveying direction of the conveying belt; the right angle part of the right-angled splayed baffle arm is a process notch part and is used for outputting unqualified strain gauge pieces or sundries; a process baffle is longitudinally arranged at the position, close to the hinged swinging part, of the swinging side wing sliding plate, so that the strain gauge piece is prevented from sliding out and falling;
the swing side wing sliding plate is provided with three swing stations, namely an upper swing station, a middle station and a lower swing station;
the intermediate station is used for receiving the strain gauge piece transversely falling from the conveyor belt;
the upper swing station is used as a redundant station and is matched with the lower swing station of the swing flank sliding plate on the other side, so that the strain gauge piece reversely slides and is in abutting contact with the process baffle;
the strain gauge piece falls down and contacts with the right-angled splayed baffle arm through gravity and lateral force so as to realize automatic alignment, and when the strain gauge piece swings upwards to the middle station, the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece always contacts with the right-angled splayed baffle arm due to centrifugal force;
strain foil carriers controlled by mechanical arms or conveyor belts are arranged on two longitudinal sides of the swing side wing sliding plate at the middle station and used for bearing strain foil pieces adjusted by the right-angled splayed baffle arms;
a positioning driving part is arranged above the conveyor belt, and a swinging guide frame matched with the double-wing positioning part is arranged on the positioning driving part in a swinging manner; the lower part of the swing guide frame is provided with a guide rail along the transverse direction of the conveyor belt, a slide block is arranged in the guide rail, the lower end of the slide block is hinged with a lifting traction guide part, the lower end of the lifting traction guide part is provided with a transverse driving push rod, a rotary swing seat is arranged below the moving end of the transverse driving push rod, and the lower end of the rotary swing seat is connected with the upper part of a right-angled splayed blocking arm.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the conveying belt is a feeding strip, a gap is arranged in the center of the feeding strip, an arc-shaped elastic sheet is arranged at the stroke end of the conveying belt, and the root part of an oblique elastic sheet is arranged on one side of the arc-shaped elastic sheet; the oblique elastic piece end is located at the center of the feeding strip, and the oblique elastic piece end and the arc-shaped elastic piece face the input direction of the feeding strip and are used for laterally pulling out the strain gauge piece.
Two right-angle blocking arms of the right-angle splayed blocking arm are driven by the push rod to move back and forth along respective right-angle directions.
The strain gauge carrier used for being connected with the next procedure is provided with a positioning placing groove corresponding to the swing flank sliding plate so as to place the strain gauge piece, the positioning placing groove is provided with a middle bottom process groove so as to be matched with the upper top of the lower ejector rod, the end face of the positioning placing groove is provided with an end part guide arc surface, and two sides of the positioning placing groove are provided with side process channels so as to laterally clamp the strain gauge piece;
the next process at least comprises a connecting process of the strain gauge piece and the end fastener and/or a mounting process of the strain gauge piece on the side wall of the steel rail piece.
A kind of seamless track locks the leading procedure of monitoring of the rail temperature change quantity, the leading procedure includes the following steps;
step a, firstly, conveying a strain sheet piece by a conveyor belt; then, at the stroke end of the conveyor belt, the strain gauge piece is laterally pulled out to the swing flank sliding plate through the arc-shaped elastic piece and the oblique elastic piece;
step b, firstly, swinging the swinging guide frame, driving the lifting traction guide part, transversely driving the push rod and rotating the swinging seat to enable the right-angled splayed baffle arm to be pressed down on the swinging side wing sliding plate, and bearing the strain gauge piece transversely falling from the conveying belt at a middle station; then, at the lower swing station, the falling strain gauge piece slides downwards through gravity and lateral force and is in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm, so that automatic alignment is realized, and when the strain gauge piece swings upwards to the middle station, the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece is always in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm due to centrifugal force; secondly, in the middle station, the right-angled splayed baffle arm rotates to enable the strain gauge piece to be laterally output to a positioning placing groove to be transmitted to the next procedure;
and c, assembling the strain gauge component.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
go up the swing station for foil gage spare backward slip contacts with technology baffle butt, thereby increases foil gage spare glide distance, improves gliding speed and adjustment time.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use. The invention realizes accurate monitoring of locking temperature, eliminates interference factors, introduces important factors, provides a reasonable strain gauge structure, has high precision, avoids the problem of using adhesive, realizes size standardization and customization, is particularly suitable for alpine regions, and realizes heat preservation through glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation and pipe wrapping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the strain gauge of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the test bridge of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the track laying structure in the alpine region of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged structure diagram of the strain gauge of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a strain gage structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a strain gage mounting structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a conventional mounting structure.
Fig. 8 is an intention to determine the scaling factors k and Tz.
FIG. 9 is a schematic of the test rail temperature over time.
FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of the longitudinal force test values of the rail as a function of time.
FIG. 11 is a graph of lock-out rail temperature over time.
Wherein: 1. a rail member; 2. a strain gage assembly; 3. a collector terminal; 4. a connecting wire portion; 5. a strain gage member; 6. an end fastener; 7. an anchoring member; 8. an end press fit sleeve; 9. a signal conductor; 10. magnetic force embedding sleeve; 11. a connecting flange; 12. a double-layer glass fiber vacuum sleeve; 13. a heat-insulating wire layer; 14. a conveyor belt; 15. a double-wing positioning part; 16. a strain gauge carrier; 17. a positioning drive section; 18. an upper swing station; 19. an intermediate station; 20. a lower swing station; 21. a feeding strip; 22. an arc-shaped elastic sheet; 23. an oblique elastic sheet; 24. a swing guide frame; 25. a lifting and pulling guide part; 26. transversely driving the push rod; 27. rotating the swing seat; 28. a right-angled splayed arm; 29. a process gap part; 30. a hinged swinging part; 31. swinging the side wing sliding plate; 32. slotting with a middle bottom process; 33. positioning the placing groove; 34. end guide arc surface; 35. a side process channel; 36. a process baffle.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-11, the prior testing principle is mainly that the longitudinal force of the steel rail is measured when the temperature of the locking rail is not considered to change, so that the longitudinal force deviates from a true value, and the measurement accuracy is influenced, and by skillfully measuring the temperature change amount of the locking rail, more accurate measurement is realized, and the measurement accuracy is improved:
s1, obtaining F based on the Huygens bridge c ；
Firstly, when the locked rail temperature change does not occur, the sensor installation and the huygens bridge are built by using a strain test rail longitudinal force method (as shown in fig. 1-2), wherein R1 tests the strain of the rail in the longitudinal direction, R2 tests the strain of the rail in the vertical direction, wherein the longitudinal direction is restrained without strain: epsilon x ＝0；
Then, in the vertical free state, and taking into account the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y β Δ t ═ μ + 1; delta t is the rail temperature variation;
the temperature force F of the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβΔt＝EA(ε x -ε y ) /(. mu. +1) (. mu.)/(. mu. +1) formula (42);
where ε is the strain at the output of the Wheatstone bridge; the Poisson's ratio when the mu steel rail is elastically deformed, namely the elastic Poisson's ratio;
in practical engineering measurements, the rail temperature will generally not be the same as the locked rail temperature when the sensor is installed and the huygens bridge is balanced, so the test results obtained using the formula are not absolute longitudinal forces in the rail, but rather the rail temperature T when balanced with respect to the sensor installed/huygens bridge z Relative value of time of day, otherwise known as test value F c ：
F c EA ∈/(μ +1) formula (43);
the value of the steel rail is 2.06 multiplied by 10 for E, A mu respectively according to 60kg/m 11 N/m 2 、77.45×10 -4 m 2 And 0.3. The strain test result is micro-strain, and the micro-strain is converted by combining other parametersIs kNThe corresponding formula is:
F c 1.2273 epsilon (44);
s2, based on the rail temperatureTo obtain F c ；
First, based on the seamless track principle, there are:
F c ＝-k(T c -T z )＝-kT c +kT z formula (45);
in the formula, k is a proportionality coefficient and is related to the type of the steel rail, the constraint state and the like, and in the actual operation process, the k value is data obtained by testing: performing linear fitting on a series of values of the rail temperature Tc-testing force Fc, kN/DEG C, T c For testing rail temperature, T, corresponding to strain epsilon z Fitting through test data to obtain; combined with formula (6):
EAβΔt＝kT c -kT z formula (46);
thus, for a 60kg/m rail, the value of the proportionality coefficient k should ideally be 18.8265;
s3, obtaining the elastic strain epsilon w Cause a decrease of the lock rail temperature by Δ T s ；
Firstly, the longitudinal strain epsilon is obtained based on the principle of locking rail temperature change x ＝ε w
Secondly, in a vertical free state, and considering the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-με w ；
Again, the tested longitudinal forces were obtained from a huygens bridge as:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝EAε w -EA β Δ t formula (47);
then:
ΔT s ＝ε w /β＝[F c -(-EAβΔt)]/EAβ＝(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) /EA β formula (48);
s4, calculating the plastic strain epsilon p Resulting lock-up rail temperature reduction Δ T s ；
Firstly, based on the principle of locking rail temperature variation, there is a longitudinal strain: epsilon x ＝ε p ；
Secondly, the vertical free state, and considering the elastic-plastic poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-μ p ε p
Again, the tested longitudinal forces were obtained from a huygens bridge as:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝-EAβΔt+EA(μ p +1)ε p /(. mu. +1) formula (49);
in the formula, mu p Is the Poisson's ratio of the steel rail in plastic deformation, i.e. the plastic Poisson's ratio, the magnitude of which is related to the magnitude of plastic strain, and epsilon under the condition of small deformation p <0.01, taking the value as 0.5; then
ΔT s ＝ε p /β＝[F c -(-EAβΔt)](μ+1)/[EAβ(μ p +1)]＝0.8667(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) /EA β formula (50);
as a specific mounting step for the data sampling,
step one, selecting a steel rail test section as an installation surface in a tested section according to the mode shown in figure 1, wherein the test section is a section in the range without a fastener as far as possible; installing a strain sensor (a resistance strain gauge, a fiber grating strain sensor and the like can be adopted); meanwhile, a rail temperature sensor is arranged on the section; however, during the installation, temperature changes exist, the initial temperature cannot be determined due to interference factors such as installation and transportation, furthermore, a strain gauge is preferentially and normally installed in a prefabricated factory building, and the influence of the interference factors is monitored through the change of the strain gauge, so that the influence of the interference factors is timely adjusted;
secondly, the sensor to be detected is stably installed and is connected with a signal acquisition instrument to carry out acquisition of strain and rail temperature (for strain acquisition, a bridge circuit needs to be balanced); the sampling interval can be set to be 10-15 min;
and step three, continuously observing stable data for about one week to acquire time-strain (T-epsilon) and time-rail temperature (T-T) c ) And establishing t-F according to the time sequence and the formula (8) c -T c The data of (a);
step four, according to F c -T c Fitting the discrete point data according to a linear equation to obtain coefficients k and T in the formula (9) z (based on short-term rail plasticityThe deformation is small and can be ignored, and the locking rail temperature is considered to be unchanged, so that the fitting value is accurate); (the method is equally applicable to on-bridge fixed-area stitchless lines for which factor F is c The fitting k value and the theoretical value EA beta have certain difference after the fitting by including the extension additional force)
Step five, firstly, regularly developing the strain of the measuring points and monitoring the rail to obtain t-F c -T c The data of (a); if the track bed and the fastener are not maintained, the locking rail temperature cannot be changed due to the elastic strain of the steel rail, and the locking rail temperature can be changed only when the steel rail is subjected to plastic strain, and at the moment, t-F can be calculated according to the formula (14) c -T c And monitoring the locked rail temperature change value corresponding to each data point, and taking the slow development of the plastic deformation of the steel rail into consideration, wherein the average value of the locked rail temperature change values can be used as the locked rail temperature change value of the line according to monthly locked rail temperature change values. If the track bed and the fastener maintenance exist in the line, the locking rail temperature change caused by elastic deformation can be shown in a short time, and at the moment, t-F can be calculated according to the formula (12) c -T c Monitoring the locking rail temperature change value corresponding to each data point, and taking the average value of the locking rail temperature change values performed every day as the locking rail temperature change value of the line; since elastic deformation slightly varies with track bed and fastener resistance, the locking rail temperature variation value is finally caused by elastic strain due to maintenance when the average locking rail temperature variation value tends to be stable every day. In the time it tends to stabilize, it is approximately assumed that the rail does not undergo plastic deformation.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the monitoring method is used in the area where the working temperature is lower than the set temperature, the monitoring method is based on the monitoring system, the system comprises a steel rail member 1, a strain gauge member 2, a collector terminal 3 and a connecting wire part 4;
the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail member 1 are respectively provided with a strain gauge component 2, and the strain gauge components 2 comprise strain gauge components 5 which are arranged in pairs in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction so as to form a Huygens bridge; the strain gauge component 2 is electrically connected with a collector terminal 3 through a connecting wire part 4, and the collector terminal 3 is electrically connected with a server; the collector terminal 3 has a temperature regulator;
the strain gauge assembly 2 collects data and uploads the data to the server through the collector terminal 3.
an end press fit sleeve 8 is arranged at the end of the strain gauge piece 5 or the end fastener 6,
the end part of the connecting lead part 4 is provided with a connecting flange 11 to be connected with the end part fastener 6, and the connecting flange 11 is provided with a magnetic force embedded sleeve 10 which is matched with the end part pressing sleeve 8 and is magnetically attracted; a signal lead 9 is provided in the connecting lead portion 4 for electrical connection with the strain gauge piece 5; the connecting lead part 4 is provided with an outer sheath which comprises a double-layer glass fiber vacuum sheath 12 at the end part and a heat-preservation lead layer 13 wrapping the whole signal lead 9; the strain gauge component 2 and/or the collector terminal 3 are/is installed in a factory or on site;
the monitoring system is also matched with a strain gauge mounting device;
the strain gauge pieces 5 are conveyed by a mating strain gauge mounting device.
The supporting device of the monitoring system for the seamless track locking rail temperature change amount comprises a steel rail part 1 and a strain gauge component 2;
the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail member 1 are respectively provided with a strain gauge component 2, and the strain gauge components 2 comprise strain gauge components 5 which are arranged in pairs transversely and longitudinally to form a Huygens bridge;
the matching device comprises a conveyor belt 14 for conveying the strain gauge pieces 5, wherein the conveyor belt 14 is a feeding strip 21; the lower part of the ascending section of the conveyor belt 14 is provided with a double-wing positioning part 15 with equal arms, which is used for receiving the strain sheet piece 5 output from the conveyor belt 14 and adjusting the alignment;
the double-wing positioning part 15 comprises a hinged swinging part 30, swinging wing sliding plates 31 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinged swinging part 30, right-angled splayed baffle arms 28 are movably arranged on the swinging wing sliding plates 31, and two right-angled baffle arms of the right-angled splayed baffle arms 28 are obliquely crossed with the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 14; the right angle part of the right angle splayed baffle arm 28 is a process notch part 29 for outputting unqualified strain gauge pieces 5 or sundries; a process baffle 36 is longitudinally arranged at the position of the swing flank sliding plate 31 close to the hinged swing part 30, so that the strain gauge piece 5 is prevented from sliding out and falling;
the swing flank sliding plate 31 is provided with three swing stations, namely an upper swing station 18, a middle station 19 and a lower swing station 20;
an intermediate station 19 for receiving the strain gauge pieces 5 falling in the transverse direction of the conveyor belt 14;
the upper swing station 18 is used as a redundant station and is matched with the lower swing station 20 of the swing flank sliding plate 31 at the other side, so that the strain gauge piece 5 slides reversely and is in abutting contact with the process baffle 36;
in the lower swing station 20, the falling strain gauge piece 5 slides downwards through gravity and lateral force and is in contact with the right-angled splay baffle arm 28, so that automatic alignment is realized, and when the strain gauge piece 5 swings upwards to the middle station 19, the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece 5 is always in contact with the right-angled splay baffle arm 28 due to centrifugal force;
in the middle station 19, strain gauge carriers 16 controlled by manipulators or conveyor belts are arranged at the two longitudinal sides of the swing side wing sliding plate 31 and are used for bearing the strain gauge pieces 5 adjusted by the right-angled splayed baffle arms 28;
a positioning driving part 17 is arranged above the conveyor belt 14, and a swinging guide frame 24 matched with the double-wing positioning part 15 is arranged on the positioning driving part 17 in a swinging way; a guide rail is provided along the transverse direction of the conveyor belt 14 at the lower part of the swing guide frame 24, a slider is provided in the guide rail, a lifting and pulling guide part 25 is hinged at the lower end of the slider, a transverse driving push rod 26 is provided at the lower end of the lifting and pulling guide part 25, a rotary swing seat 27 is provided below the moving end of the transverse driving push rod 26, and the upper part of a right-angled V-shaped baffle arm 28 is connected at the lower end of the rotary swing seat 27. The conveyor belt 14 is a feeding strip 21, a gap is arranged in the center of the feeding strip 21, an arc-shaped elastic sheet 22 is arranged at the stroke end of the conveyor belt 14, and the root of an oblique elastic sheet 23 is arranged on one side of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 22; the end of the oblique elastic sheet 23 is located at the center of the feeding strip 21, and the end of the oblique elastic sheet 23 and the arc-shaped elastic sheet 22 face the input direction of the feeding strip 21 and are used for laterally pulling out the strain gauge piece 5.
The two right-angle blocking arms of the right-angle splayed-shaped blocking arm 28 are driven by the push rod to move back and forth along respective right-angle directions.
The strain gauge carrier 16 used for being connected with the next procedure is provided with a positioning placing groove 33 corresponding to the swing flank sliding plate 31 so as to place the strain gauge piece 5, the positioning placing groove 33 is provided with a middle bottom process groove 32 so as to be matched with the upper top of the lower ejector rod, the end face of the positioning placing groove 33 is provided with an end part guide arc surface 34, and two sides of the positioning placing groove 33 are provided with side process grooves 35 so as to laterally clamp the strain gauge piece 5;
the next process includes at least the process of connecting the strain gauge member 5 to the end clip 6 and/or the process of mounting the strain gauge member 5 on the side wall of the rail member 1.
The pre-flow of monitoring the change amount of the locked rail temperature of the seamless track of the embodiment comprises the following steps;
step a, first, the conveyor belt 14 conveys the strain gauge pieces 5; then, at the stroke end of the conveyor belt 14, the strain gauge piece 5 is laterally pulled out to the swing flank sliding plate 31 through the arc-shaped elastic sheet 22 and the oblique elastic sheet 23;
step b, firstly, the swing guide frame 24 swings, the right-angled V-shaped baffle arm 28 is pressed down on the swing side wing sliding plate 31 by driving the lifting traction guide part 25, the transverse driving push rod 26 and the rotary swing seat 27, and the strain sheet piece 5 which transversely falls down on the conveyor belt 14 is received at the intermediate station 19; then, at the lower swing station 20, the falling strain gauge piece 5 slides down and contacts with the right-angled splay baffle arm 28 through gravity and lateral force, so that automatic alignment is realized, and when the strain gauge piece 5 swings up to the middle station 19, the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece 5 always contacts with the right-angled splay baffle arm 28 due to centrifugal force; secondly, in the intermediate station 19, the right-angled V-shaped baffle arm 28 rotates to enable the strain gauge piece 5 to be laterally output to the positioning and placing groove 33 to be conveyed to the next process;
and c, assembling the strain gauge component 2.
And the station 18 is swung upwards, so that the strain sheet piece 5 slides reversely and is in abutting contact with the process baffle 36, the gliding distance of the strain sheet piece 5 is increased, and the gliding speed and the adjustment time are improved.
The invention realizes the improvement of the traditional process of pasting the strain gauge component 2 on the steel rail component 1 to solve the problem of viscose shedding in alpine regions and long-term use, realizes network connection and data uploading through the collector terminal 3, realizes electric connection of the connecting lead part 4, realizes data acquisition of the strain gauge component 5, realizes the connection of the end fastener 6 and the steel rail through the anchoring part 7, and can realize the connection through welding, thereby avoiding the phenomena of shedding and poor contact of the strain gauge due to climate problem, vibration problem, long-term use problem, thermal expansion and cold contraction problem, realizes the positioning of the end press fit sleeve 8 to realize the quick connection of the lead, avoids the failure of the element under the low temperature condition caused by heat conduction, protects the signal lead 9, realizes the quick anti-loose connection and self-locking of the magnetic force fit sleeve 10, realizes the connection through the connecting flange 11, the double-layer glass fiber vacuum sleeve 12 realizes the insulation temperature of the end head, and the heat insulation wire layer 13 realizes the long-distance protection of the wires, thereby avoiding heat loss or distortion and being matched with a heater for heat insulation.
In order to further improve the manufacturing precision of the strain gauge and reduce the error of manual operation, the strain gauge is conveyed by the conveyor belt 14, the double-wing positioning part 15 is skillfully utilized, a spring can be configured to realize buffering and increase flexibility, and positioning and fixing are realized, so that the damage or deformation of the strain gauge caused by manual holding in the traditional method is solved, the strain gauge carrier 16 realizes transfer, and the strain gauge is reduced from being directly contacted. The upper swing station 18, the middle station 19 and the lower swing station 20 are skillfully utilized to finish corresponding operation, thereby avoiding station waste, the baffle plate is used for preventing falling off, the positioning driving part 17 realizes matched driving, the feeding strip 21 can supplement other auxiliary equipment and tools in the clearance, the arc-shaped elastic sheet 22 and the oblique elastic sheet 23 realize diversion and elastic springing, the swinging guide frame 24, the lifting traction guide part 25, the transverse driving push rod 26 and the rotary swinging seat 27 realize multi-station operation of the right-angled splayed baffle arm 28, the process notch part 29 improves the process structure, the hinged swinging part 30 realizes driving swinging, the swing linkage of the two swing flank sliding plates 31 is realized through hinging, the middle bottom process grooving 32 has good manufacturability, the top-up operation of required procedures is met, the positioning placing groove 33, the end part guide cambered surface 34 and the side process channel 35 meet the clamping requirement when the strain gauge leaves the carrier.
The present invention has been described in sufficient detail for clarity of disclosure and is not exhaustive of the prior art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious as a person skilled in the art to combine several aspects of the invention. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring method for a change amount of a locked rail temperature of a seamless rail is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1 obtaining F based on the Huygens bridge c ；
Firstly, when the locked rail temperature change does not occur, a Wheatstone bridge circuit is installed and built on a strain sheet assembly (2) serving as a sensor by using a strain test steel rail longitudinal force method, wherein the strain sheet assembly is longitudinally constrained without strain: epsilon x ＝0；
Then, in the vertical free state, and taking into account the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y β Δ t ═ μ + 1; the temperature force F of the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβΔt＝EA(ε x -ε y ) /(. mu. +1) (. mu.). mu./(. mu. +1) formula (1);
where ε is the strain at the output of the Wheatstone bridge; mu Poisson's ratio when the steel rail is elastically deformed;
the test results obtained are the rail temperature T when mounted relative to the strain gage sensor and the Huygens bridge is balanced z Relative value of time of day, i.e. test value F c ：
F c EA ∈/(μ +1) formula (2);
then, according to 60kg/m steelThe track value is E, A, mu is 2.06 multiplied by 10 respectively 11 N/m 2 、77.45×10 -4 m 2 And 0.3. The strain test result is micro-strain, the micro-strain is converted into kN by combining with other parameters, and the corresponding formula is as follows:
F c 1.2273 epsilon formula (3);
s2, obtaining F based on the rail temperature c ；
First, based on the seamless track principle, there are:
F c ＝-k(T c -T z )＝-kT c +kT z formula (4);
wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, kN/DEG C, T c For measuring rail temperature, T, corresponding to strain epsilon z Fitting through test data to obtain;
then, formula (5) is combined with formula (6) to yield:
EAβΔt＝kT c -kT z formula (6);
s3, obtaining the elastic strain epsilon w Cause a decrease of the lock rail temperature by Δ T s ；
Firstly, based on the principle of locking rail temperature change, the longitudinal strain epsilon is obtained x ＝ε w
Secondly, in a vertical free state, and considering the poisson effect, the corresponding strain is: epsilon y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-με w ；
Again, from the huygens bridge, the tested longitudinal forces were found to be:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝EAε w -EA β Δ t formula (7);
then:
ΔT s ＝ε w /β＝[F c -(-EAβΔt)]/EAβ＝(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) /EA β formula (8);
s4, calculating the plastic strain epsilon p Resulting lock-up rail temperature reduction Δ T s
Firstly, based on the principle of locking rail temperature variation, there is a longitudinal strain: epsilon x ＝ε p ；
Secondly, in a vertical free state, and considering the elastic-plastic poisson effect, the corresponding strain is as follows:
ε y ＝(μ+1)βΔt-μ p ε p
again, from the huygens bridge, the tested longitudinal forces were found to be:
F c ＝EA(ε x -ε y )/(μ+1)＝-EAβΔt+EA(μ p +1)ε p /(μ +1) formula (9);
in the formula, mu p Is the Poisson's ratio of the steel rail in plastic deformation, i.e. the plastic Poisson's ratio, the magnitude of which is related to the magnitude of plastic strain, and epsilon under the condition of small deformation p <0.01, taking as 0.5; then
ΔT s ＝ε p /β＝[F c -(-EAβΔt)](μ+1)/[EAβ(μ p +1)]＝0.8667(1.2273ε+kT c -kT z ) [ EA ] formula (10).
2. The method of monitoring an amount of change in a seamless rail lock temperature of claim 1, wherein: prior to the monitoring, performing a step of determining a cause of the maintenance;
first, the rail temperature at the time of jointless track maintenance is T w Theoretically, the longitudinal tension F accumulated by the steel rail is as follows:
F＝-EAβ(T w -T s ) Formula (11);
strain epsilon based on longitudinal rail contraction caused by resistance reduction due to maintenance w The tension in the rail is: f ═ EA [ beta (T) ] w -T s )+ε w ]＝-EAβ[T w -(T s -ε w /β)]Formula (12);
then, when the resistance is restored, the constraint increases, and the shrinkage strain ε w Cannot be recovered, and at the same time, when the rail temperature changes due to the increase of the constraint, the rail is required not to be deformed in the longitudinal direction, and according to the formula (1), when the rail temperature is T, the relative rail temperature is T w The longitudinal force change amount Δ F of (1) is:
ΔF＝-EAβ(T-T w ) Formula (13);
secondly, the longitudinal force of the steel rail corresponding to any rail temperature T is obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3):
F＝F w +ΔF＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε w /β)]formula (14);
again, comparing equation (15) with equation (16), the lock rail temperature is reduced by ε for a seamless track w /β；
Then, with respect to the plastic elongation of the rail, the plastic strain epsilon of the rail in the longitudinal direction is met p Constrained strain of beta (T-T) s )+ε p The longitudinal forces accumulated in the rail are then:
F＝-EA[β(T-T s )+ε p ]＝-EAβ[T-(T s -ε p /β)]formula (17)
Then, by comparing the equations (1) and (5), the lock rail temperature is lowered by ε for the seamless track p /β。
3. The method of monitoring an amount of change in a seamless rail lock temperature of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring method also includes a matched data sampling installation step,
selecting a steel rail test section as a mounting surface in a section to be tested of a steel rail, mounting a strain gauge sensor and mounting a rail temperature sensor;
secondly, the sensor to be detected is stably installed, and is connected with a signal acquisition instrument to carry out acquisition of strain and rail temperature on a construction site and set the sampling interval time of the strain and rail temperature;
step three, continuously observing stable data within set days to acquire time-strain (T-epsilon) and time-rail temperature (T-T) c ) And establishing t-F according to the time sequence and the formula (8) c -T c The data of (a);
step four, according to F c -T c Fitting the discrete point data according to a linear equation to obtain coefficients k and T in the formula (9) z ；
Step five, firstly, regularly developing the strain of the measuring points and monitoring the rail to obtain t-F c -T c The data of (a); if the track bed and the fasteners are not maintained, t is calculated according to the formula (14)-F c -T c Monitoring the locking rail temperature change values corresponding to the data points, and taking the average locking rail temperature change value as the locking rail temperature change value of the line according to a set time period; if the track bed and the fastener maintenance exist in the line, t-F is calculated according to the formula (12) c -T c And monitoring the locking rail temperature change value corresponding to each data point, and taking the average value of the locking rail temperature change values performed every day as the locking rail temperature change value of the line.
4. The method of monitoring an amount of change in a seamless rail lock temperature of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring method is used for the area with the working temperature lower than the set air temperature, and the monitoring method is based on a monitoring system, and the system comprises a steel rail part (1), a strain gauge component (2), a collector terminal (3) and a connecting wire part (4);
strain sheet assemblies (2) are respectively arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail member (1), and each strain sheet assembly (2) comprises a pair of transverse and longitudinal strain sheet members (5) to form a Huygens bridge; the strain gauge component (2) is electrically connected with a collector terminal (3) through a connecting wire part (4), and the collector terminal (3) is electrically connected with a server; the collector terminal (3) is provided with a temperature regulator;
the strain gauge component (2) collects data and uploads the data to the server through the collector terminal (3).
5. The system for monitoring change in seamless rail temperature of claim 4, wherein: end fasteners (6) are arranged at two ends of the strain gauge piece (5); the end fastener (6) is riveted with the steel rail piece (1) through the anchoring piece (7), the end fastener (6) is welded with the steel rail piece (1), the strain gauge piece (5) is welded with the steel rail piece (1) and/or the strain gauge piece (5) is bonded with the steel rail piece (1);
an end part pressing sleeve (8) is arranged at the end part of the strain sheet piece (5) or the end part fastener (6),
the end part of the connecting lead part (4) is provided with a connecting flange (11) to be connected with an end part fastener (6), and the connecting flange (11) is provided with a magnetic force embedded sleeve (10) which is matched with the end part pressing sleeve (8) and is magnetically attracted; a signal lead (9) is arranged in the connecting lead part (4) and is used for being electrically connected with the strain gauge piece (5); the connecting lead part (4) is provided with an outer sheath which comprises a double-layer glass fiber vacuum sheath (12) at the end part and a heat-insulating lead layer (13) wrapping the whole signal lead (9);
the strain gauge component (2) and/or the collector terminal (3) are/is installed in a factory or on site;
the monitoring system is also matched with a strain gauge mounting device;
the strain gauge pieces (5) are conveyed by a matched strain gauge mounting device.
6. The utility model provides a seamless track locks supporting device of monitoring system of rail temperature change volume which characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises a steel rail part (1) and a strain gauge component (2);
strain sheet assemblies (2) are respectively arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the steel rail member (1), and each strain sheet assembly (2) comprises a pair of transverse and longitudinal strain sheet members (5) to form a Huygens bridge;
the matching device comprises a conveyor belt (14) for conveying the strain gauge piece (5), wherein the conveyor belt (14) is a feeding strip (21);
the lower part of the ascending section of the conveyor belt (14) is provided with a double-wing positioning part (15) with equal arms, and the double-wing positioning part is used for receiving the strain sheet pieces (5) output from the conveyor belt (14) and adjusting the strain sheet pieces in alignment;
the double-wing positioning part (15) comprises a hinged swinging part (30), swinging wing sliding plates (31) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinged swinging part (30), a right-angled splayed blocking arm (28) is movably arranged on each swinging wing sliding plate (31), and two right-angled blocking arms of each right-angled splayed blocking arm (28) are obliquely crossed with the conveying direction of the conveying belt (14); the right-angle part of the right-angle splayed baffle arm (28) is a process notch part (29) and is used for outputting unqualified strain gauge pieces (5) or sundries; a process baffle (36) is longitudinally arranged at the position, close to the hinged swinging part (30), of the swinging side wing sliding plate (31) to prevent the strain gauge piece (5) from sliding out and falling;
the swing side wing sliding plate (31) is provided with three swing stations, namely an upper swing station (18), a middle station (19) and a lower swing station (20);
an intermediate station (19) for receiving the strain gauge piece (5) which transversely falls down from the conveyor belt (14);
the upper swing station (18) is used as a redundant station and is matched with the lower swing station (20) of the swing flank sliding plate (31) on the other side, so that the strain gauge piece (5) slides in the reverse direction and is in abutting contact with the process baffle (36);
the falling strain gauge piece (5) slides downwards through gravity and lateral force and is in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28) so as to realize automatic alignment, and when the falling strain gauge piece (5) swings upwards to the middle station (19), the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece (5) is always in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28) due to centrifugal force;
in the middle station (19), strain foil carriers (16) controlled by mechanical arms or conveyor belts are arranged on two longitudinal sides of the swing side wing sliding plate (31) and are used for bearing the strain foil pieces (5) adjusted by the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28);
a positioning driving part (17) is arranged above the conveyor belt (14), and a swinging guide frame (24) matched with the double-wing positioning part (15) is arranged on the positioning driving part (17) in a swinging manner; the lower part of the swing guide frame (24) is provided with a guide rail along the transverse direction of the conveyor belt (14), a slide block is arranged in the guide rail, the lower end of the slide block is hinged with a lifting traction guide part (25), the lower end of the lifting traction guide part (25) is provided with a transverse driving push rod (26), a rotary swing seat (27) is arranged below the moving end of the transverse driving push rod (26), and the lower end of the rotary swing seat (27) is connected with the upper part of a right-angled splayed baffle arm (28).
7. The method and system of claim 6, wherein the method comprises: the conveying belt (14) is a feeding strip (21), a gap is formed in the center of the feeding strip (21), an arc-shaped elastic sheet (22) is arranged at the stroke end of the conveying belt (14), and the root of an oblique elastic sheet (23) is arranged on one side of the arc-shaped elastic sheet (22); the end of the oblique elastic sheet (23) is positioned at the center of the feeding strip (21), and the end of the oblique elastic sheet (23) and the arc-shaped elastic sheet (22) face the input direction of the feeding strip (21) and are used for laterally pulling out the strain gauge piece (5);
two right-angle baffle arms of the right-angle splayed baffle arm (28) are driven by the push rod to do straight reciprocating motion along respective right-angle directions.
8. The method and system of claim 6, wherein the method comprises: the strain gauge carrier (16) used for being connected with the next procedure is provided with a positioning and placing groove (33) corresponding to the swing flank sliding plate (31) so as to place the strain gauge piece (5), the positioning and placing groove (33) is provided with a middle bottom process groove (32) so as to be matched with the upper top of the lower ejector rod, an end part guide arc surface (34) is arranged on the end surface of the positioning and placing groove (33), and side process grooves (35) are arranged on two sides of the positioning and placing groove (33) so as to laterally clamp the strain gauge piece (5);
the next process at least comprises a connecting process of the strain gauge piece (5) and the end fastener (6) and/or a mounting process of the strain gauge piece (5) on the side wall of the steel rail piece (1).
9. A kind of seamless track locks the leading procedure of monitoring of the rail temperature change quantity, characterized by that: the pre-flow comprises the following steps;
step a, firstly, a conveyor belt (14) conveys a strain gauge piece (5); then, at the stroke end of the conveyor belt (14), the strain gauge piece (5) is laterally pulled out to the swing flank sliding plate (31) through the arc-shaped elastic sheet (22) and the oblique elastic sheet (23);
step b, firstly, the swing guide frame (24) swings, the right-angled splay baffle arm (28) is pressed down on the swing flank sliding plate (31) by driving the lifting traction guide part (25), the transverse driving push rod (26) and the rotary swing seat (27), and the strain gauge piece (5) which transversely falls from the conveyor belt (14) is received at the intermediate station (19); then, at a lower swing station (20), the falling strain gauge piece (5) slides downwards through gravity and lateral force and is in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28), so that automatic alignment is realized, and when the strain gauge piece (5) swings upwards to a middle station (19), the corresponding side wall of the strain gauge piece (5) is always in contact with the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28) due to centrifugal force; secondly, in the intermediate station (19), the right-angled splayed baffle arm (28) rotates to enable the strain sheet piece (5) to be laterally output to the positioning placing groove (33) to be conveyed to the next procedure;
and c, assembling the strain sheet assembly (2).
10. The pre-process for monitoring of change in seamlessly locked rail temperature according to claim 9, wherein: go up swing station (18) for foil gage spare (5) reverse slip and with technology baffle (36) butt contact, thereby increase foil gage spare (5) distance that slides down, improve gliding speed and adjust time.
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| CN104142194A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-11-12 | 西南交通大学 | Method for monitoring longitudinal force of seamless rail symmetrically and precisely based on bidirectional strain method |
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