CN114941984B - Photoacoustic signal detection device and method of all-optical device - Google Patents
Photoacoustic signal detection device and method of all-optical device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoacoustic signal detection device and method of an all-optical device, and belongs to the technical field of photoacoustic signal detection. The method comprises the steps of exciting and detecting photoacoustic signals by adopting an excitation and detection system separation mode of direct incidence of exciting light and oblique incidence of detecting light, wherein the reflectivity of the surface of an object to be imaged to the detecting light can be greatly improved by the oblique incidence of the detecting light, reflected light is efficiently reflected and collected along the original light path in a wide angle range by utilizing a cat eye reflector optical system, meanwhile, the displacement in the vertical direction caused by the self motion of the object to be imaged is measured in real time by utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled on the Michelson interferometer, and the distribution of the detecting light is regulated and controlled in real time by feedback control of a spatial light modulator, so that the focus point of the detecting light is always positioned at the same position on the surface of the object to be imaged, therefore, when in-vivo imaging is carried out, the detection system can keep the key performances such as the relative intensity of a measuring signal and the imaging resolution constant, and the detection of the photoacoustic signals under the condition of high spatial resolution is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoacoustic signal detection, and particularly relates to a photoacoustic signal detection device and method of an all-optical device.
Background
PAI is a biomedical functional imaging method based on photoacoustic effect and taking ultrasound as a medium. Photoacoustic imaging has been widely used in the biomedical imaging field by virtue of the advantages of no mark, functionality, high depth-to-space ratio depth/spatial resolution ratio, multi-contrast, multi-scale, etc. Due to the optical detection technical requirements of all-optical photoacoustic imaging, the limitations of low signal-to-noise ratio and surface flatness requirements still need to be broken, and more stable photoacoustic signals are obtained.
In all-optical non-contact photoacoustic imaging based on the principle of interferometry, excitation light and detection light are generally focused in the interior and on the surface of an object to be imaged or on the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium respectively in a coaxial and vertical incidence mode, reflected light carrying surface relief information of the object to be imaged is coupled into an interferometer to generate an interference signal, and the photoacoustic signal is obtained by performing photoelectric detection. However, the existing imaging technology has many problems, firstly, the reflectivity of the acoustic coupling medium such as the biological surface or the coated glycerol to common laser light such as 1064nm, 532nm, 1550nm, 1310nm and the like is only between 2% and 6%, so that only a very small part of the detection light can be coupled into the interferometer, and an effective photoacoustic signal cannot be obtained. Secondly, due to the fact that the surface of the object to be imaged is uneven, the living animal moves, and the like, the surface of the object to be imaged and the detection light beams used for interferometry cannot be always perpendicular to each other. Therefore, reflected light carrying surface relief information reflected by the surface of the object to be imaged cannot return to the optical path of the interferometer due to angular deflection, so that photoacoustic signals are lost. In order to realize photoacoustic signal detection, the coupling between the reflected light and the interferometer generally needs to be manually adjusted, but the adjustment speed is very slow, and the adjustment precision is low, so that the existing all-optical non-contact photoacoustic imaging device based on the interferometric measurement principle cannot be applied to imaging applications of living animals and sample measurement in non-laboratory environments.
The existing non-contact photoacoustic imaging method of an all-optical device based on interferometry comprises a heterodyne interferometer, a confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer or a homodyne interferometer, and the method is mainly used for measuring the sample surface vibration caused by photoacoustic waves reaching the sample surface, but the methods still have certain limitations. Firstly, these system devices often adopt the mode that exciting light and probing light are coaxial to shine on waiting to form images the thing for the collection light path of signal light produces the interference to exciting light and probing light irradiation light path. Secondly, the stability of the non-contact photoacoustic imaging system of the all-optical device based on interferometry is poor, when the object to be imaged is a living organism, the respiratory activity of the organism and any other micro-activity can cause that the reflected probe light carrying the photoacoustic signal can not be coupled into the interferometer, and the system basically has no practical clinical use value.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method for detecting all-optical photoacoustic signals that can achieve robust detection without reducing the resolution of the imaging space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a photoacoustic signal detection device and method of a full-optical device, aiming at the problems that the reflectivity of the surface of an object to be imaged which is vertically incident or the interface of a glycerol and other coated acoustic coupling media is low, and the problems that the imaging requirement of a living body object to be imaged or a sample with an uneven surface is difficult to meet and a complete photoacoustic signal cannot be detected by an interference type photoacoustic signal detection method.
The all-optical device photoacoustic signal detection method can realize robust detection on the premise of not reducing imaging spatial resolution, and is suitable for real-time imaging of living organisms including human bodies.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photoacoustic signal detection method of an all-optical device comprises the steps that when excitation light is vertically incident and focused into an object to be imaged, and detection light is obliquely incident and focused on the surface of the object to be imaged, reflected light carrying surface relief information of the object to be imaged returns along an original light path through a cat eye reflector, and then a part of the reflected light is coupled into an optical fiber amplifier and is subjected to Michelson interference with reflected light of a reference arm, and a photoacoustic signal is measured according to micro displacement caused by the surface photoacoustic of the object to be imaged; the other part of the light enters a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled with the Michelson interferometer to interfere with light beams which are not incident to the surface of an object to be imaged, vertical displacement caused by the motion of the object to be imaged is measured through interference signals, a spatial light modulator is controlled in a feedback mode, distribution of detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and a focus point of the detection light is always located at the same position of the surface of the object to be imaged, so that photoacoustic signals can be collected to the maximum extent under the condition that the surface of the object to be imaged is uneven and micro-motion occurs, and detection of robustness signals is achieved.
The detection light and the exciting light are separated by a coaxial transmission system, the exciting light vertically enters the object to be imaged, the detection light obliquely enters the surface of the object to be imaged, and the reflection light path does not interfere with the exciting light and the detection light.
The method simultaneously adopts a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to respectively obtain a photoacoustic signal and feedback control vertical direction movement caused by the self movement of an object to be imaged.
The imaging method is suitable for exciting light and detecting light with any wavelength.
A photoacoustic signal detection method of an all-optical device comprises the following steps:
step 1, exciting light is vertically irradiated and focused inside an object to be imaged, and an absorber in the object to be imaged absorbs energy and expands under heat to generate an ultrasonic signal;
step 2, the ultrasonic signal transmission causes the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium to generate micro displacement;
step 3, the detection light is divided into two parts, one part is used as a reference arm of the Michelson interferometer, the other part is used as a signal arm of the Michelson interferometer, and the detection light is obliquely incident to the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium;
step 5, measuring the displacement in the vertical direction generated by the self motion of the object to be imaged by utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled on the Michelson interferometer; the spatial light modulator is controlled by a feedback system, the distribution of the detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and the focusing point of the detection light is always positioned at the same position on the surface of an object to be imaged, so that the problems of uneven surface and micro-motion are further solved;
and 8, detecting the photoacoustic signal by the photoelectric detector to realize the photoacoustic signal detection of the all-optical device.
A photoacoustic signal detection device of a full-light device comprises an A laser, a B laser, an A optical fiber circulator, a B optical fiber circulator, a C optical fiber circulator, a 2A optical fiber coupler, a 1A 2B optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 50, a 1A 2C optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 1A 2D optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 2E optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber collimator, an A lens, a B lens, a C lens, a D lens, a plane mirror with a back part adhered with piezoelectric ceramics, an oblique incidence system, a spatial light modulator, a reflector, an optical fiber amplifier, an A balance detector, a B balance detector and an object to be imaged; the detection device is suitable for the detection of any acoustic signal.
The A laser is provided with an emitting port, and the emitting port is used for emitting continuous laser; the B laser is provided with an emitting port, and the emitting port is used for emitting pulse laser; the optical fiber circulator A, the optical fiber circulator B and the optical fiber circulator C are provided with three ports, and when the three ports respectively serve as 01 ports serving as input ends, 02 ports serve as output ends; when the 02 port is used as an input end, the 03 port is used as an output end; the 03 port cannot be used as an input end; the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler is provided with 4 ports which are respectively a receiving port and two output ports, the rest end is an idle port, meanwhile, the two output ports can be used as receiving ports of reflected light, and at the moment, the receiving port and the idle port are output ports; the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 50 is provided with 3 ports, namely a receiving port and two output ports, and when one of the output ports is used as a receiving port of reflected light, the receiving port becomes an output port; the 1 x 2c optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 99 and the 1 x 2d optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 99 are provided with 3 ports which are respectively a receiving port and two output ports; the 2 x 2E optical fiber coupler is provided with 4 ports which are two receiving ports and two output ports respectively; the optical fiber collimator is provided with 1 port connecting optical fiber, and output light is free space collimated light; the A lens focuses the straight light; the phase difference between the reference arm and the signal arm can be changed by changing the scanning voltage loaded on the piezoelectric ceramics through the plane mirror with the back adhered with the piezoelectric ceramics; the oblique incidence system is provided with 1 receiving port and can also be used as an output port of reflected light, and comprises a lens B, a lens C, a lens D, a spatial light modulator, a reflector and an object to be imaged; the spatial light modulator regulates and controls the distribution of the detection light; the B lens focuses the exciting light; the optical fiber amplifier is provided with 2 ports, namely a receiving port and an output port, and amplifies the photoacoustic signals; the balance detector A and the balance detector B are provided with 2 receiving ports for receiving signals;
the A laser outputs continuous laser from an emission port, the continuous laser is coupled into the A optical fiber circulator through the coupler and then is transmitted into the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler; the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler divides the output of the optical signal into two paths, one path is set as a reference arm, and the other path is set as a signal arm;
the reference arm consists of an optical fiber collimator, a lens A and a plane mirror with the back part being stuck with piezoelectric ceramics; the signal arm consists of a beam splitting ratio of 50 a 2B optical fiber coupler, a beam splitting ratio of 99 a 2C optical fiber coupler, a B optical fiber circulator, a beam splitting ratio of 99 a 2D optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber amplifier, a C optical fiber circulator, an oblique incidence system, a 2E optical fiber coupler and a B balance detector, wherein the beam splitting ratio is as follows;
one path of signal output from the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler enters an optical fiber collimator through an optical fiber, collimated light output by the optical fiber collimator in a free space passes through an A lens and is focused on a plane mirror with the back adhered with piezoelectric ceramics, and transmission of a reference arm is completed;
the other path of signals output from the 2 × 2A optical fiber coupler enters a 1 × 2B optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 50, the 1 × 2B optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 50 enters a 1 × 2C optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 99 through an optical fiber, the 1 × 2D optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 99 is used for guiding 99% of light beams into a B optical fiber circulator through the optical fiber, and 1% of light beams enter a 2E optical fiber coupler through the optical fiber; the light beam entering the B optical fiber circulator is transmitted to an oblique incidence system from an output port, and after sequentially passing through a spatial light modulator, a C lens, an object to be imaged, a D lens and a reflector in the oblique incidence system, the reflector reflects a signal along an original path and couples the signal into a receiving port of the B optical fiber circulator, the B optical fiber circulator transmits the received reflected signal to a 1 x 2D optical fiber coupler with a beam splitting ratio of 99 through the output port, the beam splitting ratio is that the 1 x 2D optical fiber coupler of 99; the optical fiber amplifier transmits signals to the C optical fiber circulator, and the signals passing through the C optical fiber circulator reenter the 1 x 2B optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 50; the 1 x 2B optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 50 is used for transmitting the reflected signals to the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler through optical fibers, 50% of the reflected signals are transmitted to the A balance detector, and 50% of the reflected signals enter the A optical fiber circulator through the receiving port and are transmitted to the A balance detector through the output port; and transmitting the signal passing through the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 50 to the B balance detector, and completing the transmission of the signal arm.
Further, the a laser is a narrow linewidth infrared laser; the B laser is a pulse laser.
The application of the photoacoustic signal detection device using the all-optical device is to real-time imaging of living organisms.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the traditional coaxial transmission system of exciting light and detecting light is separated, the exciting light is vertically incident into an object to be imaged, the detecting light is obliquely incident on the surface of the object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium such as glycerin and the like at a certain angle, and the reflectivity of the surface of the object to be imaged to the detecting light is greatly improved. And the reflected light path does not interfere with the excitation light and the detection light. Meanwhile, the reflected detection light is efficiently reflected and collected in a wide angle range by using the cat eye reflector and is coupled into the optical fiber, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled on the Michelson interferometer is used for measuring the vertical micro displacement of the surface of an object to be imaged due to self movement in real time, the spatial light modulator is controlled by the feedback system, the distribution of the detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and the focusing point of the detection light is always positioned at the same position on the surface of the object to be imaged, so that the key performances such as the relative intensity of a measurement signal and the imaging resolution of all-optical photoacoustic imaging can be kept unchanged all the time when a living animal performs respiratory movement and other small movements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the cat eye reflector optical system is adopted to efficiently couple the reflected light carrying the surface fluctuation information of the object to be imaged into the optical fiber along the original optical path, so that the method has important significance for the imaging of organisms with rough surfaces or large fluctuation, and the application range of photoacoustic imaging is expanded.
2. The laser adopts an incident mode of separating a transmission system of exciting light and detecting light, so that the reflectivity of the surface of a living body or the reflectivity of the coated acoustic coupling medium such as glycerol to common laser is greatly improved, and the problem that an effective photoacoustic signal cannot be detected is solved.
3. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is introduced to measure the displacement of an object to be imaged in the vertical direction caused by the self motion of the object, and the distribution of the detection light is regulated and controlled in real time through feedback control of the spatial light modulator, so that the focusing point of the detection light is always positioned at the same position of the surface of the object to be imaged, and the problems of unevenness and small motion of the surface of the object to be imaged are solved.
4. The all-optical device photoacoustic imaging method based on the interference principle, which is designed by the method, can realize the all-optical photoacoustic imaging method of robust detection on the premise of not reducing the imaging spatial resolution, and is suitable for real-time imaging of living organisms including human bodies.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below,
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a photoacoustic signal detection method of an all-optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a photoacoustic signal detection apparatus of an all-optical device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of an oblique incidence system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Description of the symbols: 101. a, a laser; 102. b, a laser; 201. a, an optical fiber circulator; 202. b, an optical fiber circulator; 203. c, an optical fiber circulator; 301. 2 x 2a fiber coupler; 302. a 1 × 2b fiber coupler with a splitting ratio of 50; 303. 1 x 2C optical fiber coupler with the beam splitting ratio of 99; 304. a 1 x 2d fiber coupler with a splitting ratio of 99; 305. 2 x 2e fiber couplers; 4. a fiber collimator; 501. a lens; 502. a B lens; 503. a C lens; 504. a D lens; 6. a plane mirror with piezoelectric ceramics adhered to the back; 7. an oblique incidence system; 8. a spatial light modulator; 9. a mirror; 10. an optical fiber amplifier; 1101. a, balancing a detector; 1102. b, balancing the detector; 12. an object to be imaged.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A photoacoustic signal detection device of an all-optical device comprises an A laser 101, a B laser 102, an A optical fiber circulator 201, a B optical fiber circulator 202, a C optical fiber circulator 203, a 2A optical fiber coupler 301, a 1A 2B optical fiber coupler 302 with a beam splitting ratio of 50, a 1A 2C optical fiber coupler 303 with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 1A 2D optical fiber coupler 304 with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 2A 2E optical fiber coupler 305, an optical fiber collimator 4, an A lens 501, a B lens 502, a C lens 503, a D lens 504, a piezoelectric ceramic mirror 6 with a back part adhered with a piezoelectric ceramic mirror, an oblique incidence system 7, a spatial light modulator 8, a reflecting mirror 9, an optical fiber amplifier 10, an A balance detector 1101, a B balance detector 1102 and an object to be imaged 12; the detection device is suitable for the detection of any acoustic signal.
The A laser 101 is provided with an emitting port, and the emitting port is used for emitting continuous laser; the B laser 102 is provided with an emitting port, and the emitting port is used for emitting pulse laser; the optical fiber circulator A201, the optical fiber circulator B202 and the optical fiber circulator C203 are all provided with three ports, and when the three ports respectively serve as 01 ports serving as input ends, 02 ports serve as output ends; when the 02 port is used as an input end, the 03 port is used as an output end; the 03 port can not be used as an input end; the 2 × 2a optical fiber coupler 301 is provided with 4 ports, namely, a receiving port and two output ports, the remaining end is an idle port, and the two output ports can be used as receiving ports of reflected light, at this time, the receiving port and the idle port are output ports; the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler 302 with the beam splitting ratio of 50 is provided with 3 ports, namely a receiving port and two output ports, and when one of the output ports is used as a receiving port of reflected light, the receiving port becomes an output port; the 1 x 2c optical fiber coupler 303 with the beam splitting ratio of 99 and the 1 x 2d optical fiber coupler 304 with the beam splitting ratio of 99 are provided with 3 ports, namely a receiving port and two output ports; the 2 × 2e optical fiber coupler 305 has 4 ports, which are two receiving ports and two output ports respectively; the optical fiber collimator 4 is provided with 1 port connecting optical fiber, and output light is free space collimated light; the a lens 501 focuses the straight light; the phase difference between the reference arm and the signal arm can be changed by changing the scanning voltage loaded on the piezoelectric ceramics by the plane mirror 6 with the back adhered with the piezoelectric ceramics; the oblique incidence system 7 is provided with 1 receiving port and can also be used as an output port of reflected light, and comprises a B lens 502, a C lens 503, a D lens 504, a spatial light modulator 8, a reflector 9 and an object to be imaged 12; the spatial light modulator 8 regulates and controls the distribution of the detection light; the B lens 502 focuses the excitation light; the optical fiber amplifier 10 is provided with 2 ports, namely a receiving port and an output port, and amplifies the photoacoustic signals; the a balance detector 1101 and the B balance detector 1102 are provided with 2 receiving ports for receiving signals;
the A laser 101 outputs continuous laser from an emission port, the continuous laser is coupled into an A optical fiber circulator 201 through a coupler and then is transmitted into a 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler 301; the 2 x 2a optical fiber coupler 301 divides the output of the optical signal into two paths, one path is set as a reference arm, and the other path is set as a signal arm;
the reference arm consists of an optical fiber collimator 4, an A lens 501 and a plane mirror 6 with the back part adhered with piezoelectric ceramics; the signal arm is composed of a 1 x 2b fiber coupler 302 with a beam splitting ratio of 50, a 1 x 2c fiber coupler 303 with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a B fiber circulator 202, a 1 x 2d fiber coupler 304 with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a fiber amplifier 10, a C fiber circulator 203, an oblique incidence system 7, a 2 x 2e fiber coupler 305, and a B balanced detector 1102;
one path of signals output from the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler 301 enters the optical fiber collimator 4 through an optical fiber, collimated light output by the optical fiber collimator 4 in a free space passes through the A lens 501 and is focused on the flat mirror 6 with the back adhered with piezoelectric ceramics, and transmission of the reference arm is completed;
the other path of signals output from the 2 × 2a fiber coupler 301 enters a 1 × 2b fiber coupler 302 with a beam splitting ratio of 50, the 1 × 2b fiber coupler 302 with the beam splitting ratio of 50 enters a 1 × 2c fiber coupler 303 with a beam splitting ratio of 99 through an optical fiber, the 1 × 2d fiber coupler 304 with the beam splitting ratio of 99 is used for guiding 99% of the beams into the B fiber circulator 202 through the optical fiber, and the 1% of the beams enter a 2e fiber coupler 305 through the optical fiber; the light beam entering the B optical fiber circulator 202 is transmitted to an oblique incidence system 7 from an output port, and after passing through the spatial light modulator 8, the C lens 503, the object to be imaged 12, the D lens 504, and the reflecting mirror 9 in the oblique incidence system 7 in sequence, the reflecting mirror 9 reflects the signal along the original path, and couples the signal to the receiving port of the B optical fiber circulator 202, the B optical fiber circulator 202 transmits the received reflected signal to a 1 × 2d optical fiber coupler 304 with a beam splitting ratio of 99 through the output port, the 1 × 2d optical fiber coupler 304 with the beam splitting ratio of 99 is used for transmitting 99% of the signal to the optical fiber amplifier 10, and 1% of the signal is transmitted to a 2 × 2e optical fiber coupler 305; the optical fiber amplifier 10 transmits the signal to the C-fiber circulator 203, and the signal passing through the C-fiber circulator 203 reenters the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler 302 with the beam splitting ratio of 50; the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler 302 with the beam splitting ratio of 50 transmits the reflected signals to the 2 × 2a optical fiber coupler 301 through optical fibers, 50% of the reflected signals are transmitted to the a balance detector 1101, and 50% of the reflected signals enter the a optical fiber circulator 201 through the receiving port and are transmitted to the a balance detector 1101 through the output port; the signal passing through the 1 × 2b fiber coupler 302 with the splitting ratio of 50 is transmitted to the B balance detector 1102, and the transmission of the signal arm is completed.
Example 2
A method for detecting photoacoustic signals of all-optical devices comprises the steps that when exciting light is vertically incident and focused into an object to be imaged, and detecting light is obliquely incident and focused on the surface of the object to be imaged, reflected light carrying surface relief information of the object to be imaged returns along an original light path through a cat eye reflector, a part of the reflected light is coupled into an optical fiber amplifier and is subjected to Michelson interference with reflected light of a reference arm, and photoacoustic signals are measured according to micro displacement caused by photoacoustic on the surface of the object to be imaged; the other part of the light enters a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled with the Michelson interferometer to interfere with a light beam which is not incident to the surface of an object to be imaged, vertical displacement caused by the motion of the object to be imaged is measured through interference signals, a spatial light modulator is controlled in a feedback mode, distribution of detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and a focus point of the detection light is always located at the same position of the surface of the object to be imaged, so that the photoacoustic signals can be collected to the maximum extent under the condition that the surface of the object to be imaged is uneven and micro-motion occurs, and detection of robustness signals is achieved.
Example 3
A photoacoustic signal detection method of an all-optical device comprises the following steps:
step 1, exciting light is vertically irradiated and focused inside an object to be imaged, and an absorber in the object to be imaged absorbs energy and expands under heat to generate an ultrasonic signal;
step 2, the ultrasonic signal transmission causes the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium to generate micro displacement;
step 3, the detection light is divided into two parts, one part is used as a reference arm of the Michelson interferometer, the other part is used as a signal arm of the Michelson interferometer, and the detection light is obliquely incident to the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium;
step 5, measuring the displacement in the vertical direction generated by the self motion of the object to be imaged by utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled on the Michelson interferometer; the spatial light modulator is controlled by a feedback system, the distribution of the detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and the focus point of the detection light is always positioned at the same position on the surface of an object to be imaged, so that the problems of uneven surface and small movement are further solved;
and 8, detecting the photoacoustic signal by the photoelectric detector to realize the photoacoustic signal detection of the all-optical device.
The present embodiment applies a specific example to illustrate the principle and the implementation manner of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (5)
1. A photoacoustic signal detection method of an all-optical device is characterized by comprising the following steps: under the condition that exciting light is vertically incident and focused into an object to be imaged, and detecting light is obliquely incident and focused on the surface of the object to be imaged, reflected light carrying surface relief information of the object to be imaged returns along an original light path through a cat eye reflector, and a part of the reflected light is coupled into an optical fiber amplifier and is subjected to Michelson interference with reflected light of a reference arm, and a photoacoustic signal is measured according to micro displacement caused by photoacoustic on the surface of the object to be imaged; the other part of the light enters a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled with the Michelson interferometer to interfere with light beams which are not incident to the surface of an object to be imaged, vertical displacement caused by the motion of the object to be imaged is measured through interference signals, a spatial light modulator is controlled in a feedback mode, distribution of detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and a focus point of the detection light is always located at the same position of the surface of the object to be imaged, so that photoacoustic signals can be collected to the maximum extent under the condition that the surface of the object to be imaged is uneven and micro-motion occurs, and detection of robustness signals is achieved.
2. The method for detecting the photoacoustic signal of the all-optical device according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, exciting light is vertically irradiated and focused inside an object to be imaged, and an absorber in the object to be imaged absorbs energy and expands under heat to generate an ultrasonic signal;
step 2, the ultrasonic signal transmission causes the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium to generate micro displacement;
step 3, the detection light is divided into two parts, one part is used as a reference arm of the Michelson interferometer, the other part is used as a signal arm of the Michelson interferometer, and the detection light is obliquely incident to the surface of an object to be imaged or the surface of a coated acoustic coupling medium;
step 4, after the detection light obliquely enters the surface of the object to be imaged or the surface of the coated acoustic coupling medium for reflection, the reflected light is subjected to original light path reflection collection by a cat eye reflector; selecting appropriate lens parameters of a 'cat eye' reflector to enable the interferometer to measure the tolerable surface rotation angle of the object to be imaged to be the largest;
step 5, measuring the displacement in the vertical direction generated by the self motion of the object to be imaged by utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled on the Michelson interferometer; the spatial light modulator is controlled by a feedback system, the distribution of the detection light is regulated and controlled in real time, and the focus point of the detection light is always positioned at the same position on the surface of an object to be imaged, so that the problems of uneven surface and small movement are further solved;
step 6, amplifying the measured weak photoacoustic signal by using an optical fiber amplifier;
step 7, the amplified signal light and the reflected light in the reference arm enter a Michelson interferometer for interference;
and 8, detecting the photoacoustic signal by the photoelectric detector to realize the detection of the photoacoustic signal of the all-optical device.
3. A photoacoustic signal detection apparatus of an all-optical device is characterized in that: the optical fiber imaging device comprises an A laser (101), a B laser (102), an A optical fiber circulator (201), a B optical fiber circulator (202), a C optical fiber circulator (203), a 2A optical fiber coupler (301), a 1A 2B optical fiber coupler (302) with a beam splitting ratio of 50, a 1A 2C optical fiber coupler (303) with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 1A 2D optical fiber coupler (304) with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a 2A 2E optical fiber coupler (305), an optical fiber collimator (4), an A lens (501), a B lens (502), a C lens (503), a D lens (504), a plane mirror (6) with piezoelectric ceramics adhered on the back, an oblique incidence system (7), a spatial light modulator (8), a reflecting mirror (9), an optical fiber amplifier (10), an A balance detector (1101), a B balance detector (1102), and an object to be imaged (12);
the A laser (101) is provided with an emitting port, and the emitting port is used for emitting continuous laser; the B laser (102) is provided with an emission port, and the emission port is used for emitting pulse laser; the optical fiber circulator A (201), the optical fiber circulator B (202) and the optical fiber circulator C (203) are provided with three ports, and when the three ports respectively serve as 01 ports serving as input ends, 02 ports serve as output ends; when the 02 port is used as an input end, the 03 port is used as an output end; the 03 port can not be used as an input end; the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler (301) is provided with 4 ports which are respectively a receiving port and two output ports, the rest end is an idle port, meanwhile, the two output ports can be used as receiving ports of reflected light, and at the moment, the receiving port and the idle port are output ports; the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler (302) with the beam splitting ratio of 50 is provided with 3 ports, namely a receiving port and two output ports, and when one of the output ports is used as a receiving port of reflected light, the receiving port becomes an output port; the 1 × 2c optical fiber coupler (303) with the beam splitting ratio of 99 and the 1 × 2d optical fiber coupler (304) with the beam splitting ratio of 99 are provided with 3 ports, namely a receiving port and two output ports; the 2 x 2e optical fiber coupler (305) is provided with 4 ports, namely two receiving ports and two output ports; the optical fiber collimator (4) is provided with 1 port connecting optical fiber, and output light is free space collimated light; the A lens (501) focuses the straight light; the plane mirror (6) with the back adhered with the piezoelectric ceramics can change the phase difference between the reference arm and the signal arm by changing the scanning voltage loaded on the piezoelectric ceramics; the oblique incidence system (7) is provided with 1 receiving port and can also be used as an output port of reflected light, and comprises a B lens (502), a C lens (503), a D lens (504), a spatial light modulator (8), a reflector (9) and an object to be imaged (12); the spatial light modulator (8) regulates and controls the distribution of the detection light; the B lens (502) focuses the excitation light; the optical fiber amplifier (10) is provided with 2 ports, namely a receiving port and an output port, and amplifies the photoacoustic signals; the A balance detector (1101) and the B balance detector (1102) are provided with 2 receiving ports for receiving signals;
the A laser (101) outputs continuous laser from a transmitting port, the continuous laser is coupled into an A optical fiber circulator (201) through a coupler and then is transmitted into a 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler (301); the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler (301) divides the output of the optical signal into two paths, one path is set as a reference arm, and the other path is set as a signal arm;
the reference arm consists of an optical fiber collimator (4), an A lens (501) and a plane mirror (6) with the back part being stuck with piezoelectric ceramics; the signal arm comprises a 1 x 2B optical fiber coupler (302) with a beam splitting ratio of 50, a 1 x 2C optical fiber coupler (303) with a beam splitting ratio of 99, a B optical fiber circulator (202), a 1 x 2D optical fiber coupler (304) with a beam splitting ratio of 99;
one path of signal output from the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler (301) enters an optical fiber collimator (4) through an optical fiber, collimated light output by the optical fiber collimator (4) in a free space passes through an A lens (501) and is focused on a plane mirror (6) with the back adhered with piezoelectric ceramics, and transmission of a reference arm is completed;
another path of signals output from the 2 × 2a optical fiber coupler (301) enters a 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler (302) with a beam splitting ratio of 50, the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler (302) with the beam splitting ratio of 50 enters a 1 × 2c optical fiber coupler (303) with a beam splitting ratio of 99 through an optical fiber, the 1 × 2d optical fiber coupler (304) with the beam splitting ratio of 99 leads 99% of light beams into a B optical fiber circulator (202) through the optical fiber, and the 1% of light beams enter a 2e optical fiber coupler (305) through the optical fiber; the light beam entering the B optical fiber circulator (202) is transmitted to an oblique incidence system (7) from an output port, and after sequentially passing through a spatial light modulator (8), a C lens (503), an object to be imaged (12), a D lens (504) and a reflector (9) in the oblique incidence system (7), the reflector (9) reflects the signal along the original path and couples the signal into a receiving port of the B optical fiber circulator (202), the B optical fiber circulator (202) transmits the received reflected signal into a 1 x 2D optical fiber coupler (304) with a beam splitting ratio of 99; the optical fiber amplifier (10) transmits signals into the C optical fiber circulator (203), and the signals passing through the C optical fiber circulator (203) reenter the 1 x 2B optical fiber coupler (302) with the beam splitting ratio of 50; the 1 x 2B optical fiber coupler (302) with the beam splitting ratio of 50 is used for transmitting the reflected signals to the 2 x 2A optical fiber coupler (301) through optical fibers, 50% of the reflected signals are transmitted to the A balance detector (1101), and 50% of the reflected signals enter the A optical fiber circulator (201) through the receiving port and are transmitted to the A balance detector (1101) through the output port; and transmitting the signal passing through the 1 × 2b optical fiber coupler (302) with the beam splitting ratio of 50 into a B balance detector (1102) to finish the transmission of the signal arm.
4. The photoacoustic signal detection apparatus of the all-optical device of claim 3, wherein: the A laser (101) is a narrow linewidth infrared laser; the B laser (102) is a pulsed laser.
5. Use of a photoacoustic signal detection apparatus using the all-optical device of claim 3, characterized in that: the photoacoustic signal detection device of the all-optical device is applied to real-time imaging of living organisms.
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