CN114941961A - Spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler - Google Patents
Spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN114941961A CN114941961A CN202210166604.8A CN202210166604A CN114941961A CN 114941961 A CN114941961 A CN 114941961A CN 202210166604 A CN202210166604 A CN 202210166604A CN 114941961 A CN114941961 A CN 114941961A
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- spiral
- automatic cleaning
- power wheel
- heating pipe
- cleaning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
- F28G3/10—Rotary appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
- F28F13/125—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation by stirring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/04—Feeding and driving arrangements, e.g. power operation
- F28G15/06—Automatic reversing devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A spiral automatic cleaning and antiscaling mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler is composed of multifunctional machine frame, spiral power wheel and spiral cleaning spiral. The device is characterized in that a counter-rotating flow deflector in the direction opposite to the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel is injected on the inner wall of the flow guide pipe section of the multifunctional rack, the counter-rotating flow deflector guides the flue gas at the inlet into spiral line flow in the direction opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral power wheel, the impact force on the spiral power wheel is greatly strengthened, the power moment value of automatic cleaning can be increased by multiple times, the power requirement of cleaning the spiral by a steel wire is fully guaranteed, and online continuous automatic cleaning and scale prevention are realized. The automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism has simple structure, low manufacturing cost and good automatic cleaning and scale preventing effect, is not only suitable for automatic cleaning and scale prevention and convection heat transfer enhancement of smoke scale in the vertical tubular air preheater tube, but also widely suitable for automatic cleaning and scale prevention and convection heat transfer enhancement of airflow scale in the tube side of the vertical tubular heat exchanger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spiral automatic cleaning and anti-scaling mechanism for a vertical tubular air preheater of a boiler. The device is not only suitable for automatic cleaning and scale prevention and convection heat transfer enhancement of smoke dirt in the vertical tubular air preheater tube, but also widely suitable for automatic cleaning and scale prevention and convection heat transfer enhancement of airflow dirt on the inner side of the vertical tubular heat exchanger tube.
Background
Before the emission of flue gas of a boiler and a kiln, air entering a combustion system is preheated by a boiler air preheater, so that the heat of the system is further recovered, and the purposes of energy reduction and emission reduction are achieved. However, the boiler air preheater usually has a low heat exchange efficiency due to the easy formation of dirt in the preheater heating tube by flue gas, which is difficult to clean in time, and has a poor air preheating effect, especially because the heating tube at the air inlet section is deposited with dust, even the tube is easily blocked.
The most developed technologies and the most applied industries are various soot blower systems (such as a self-blowing ash blockage prevention system of a rotary air preheater of a coal-fired boiler, CN202110218140.6, 2021-05-07; an air preheater with a descaling function and a descaling method thereof which are applied to a patent of Zhongpetrochemical Luoyang engineering Co., Ltd 2015), all of which have complex structures and no descaling function. Medium and small boilers do not work as well as power boilers. (a steam boiler with the function of recovering the waste heat of flue gas, CN202120610423.0, 2021-11-19) ultrasonic automatic cleaning can not meet the requirement of automatic cleaning capability.
The steel wire spiral can be successfully used for automatically cleaning the interior of the tubular heat exchanger tube of liquid solution, and has the remarkable advantages of simple structure and strong descaling capability. However, the density of the smoke is only a few thousandths of that of liquid, the self-rotation force moment is weak, and the steel wire spiral cannot be pushed to move as required by the on-line automatic cleaning strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at the problem that the existing spiral cleaning technology can not effectively clean dirt in a vertical heat exchanger tube of a boiler air preheater, and provides a spiral automatic cleaning and antiscaling mechanism for the vertical tube-array air preheater of the boiler. The spiral automatic cleaning anti-scaling mechanism has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, is not only suitable for automatic cleaning anti-scaling and convection heat transfer enhancement of smoke dirt in the vertical tubular air preheater tube, but also widely suitable for automatic cleaning anti-scaling and convection heat transfer enhancement of airflow dirt on the inner side of the tube of the vertical tubular heat exchanger.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a spiral automatic cleaning and antiscaling mechanism for a vertical tubular air preheater of a boiler mainly comprises a multifunctional rack, a spiral power wheel, a steel wire cleaning spiral, a hook shaft and a heating pipe. The multifunctional rack is installed and fixed at the flue gas inlet end of the heating pipe, the upstream end of the spiral power wheel is hung on a sliding bearing at the top of the multifunctional rack through a hook shaft, and the downstream end of the spiral power wheel is connected with a steel wire cleaning spiral.
The steel wire cleaning spiral is a basic functional element for automatically cleaning dirt in the heating pipe, is also a power element for automatically cleaning, and is also a convection heat transfer enhancing element on the inner side of the heating pipe. Generally, the stainless steel wire with the same or similar performance with the heating pipe is used for manufacturing. The stainless steel wire diameter of the steel wire cleaning spiral is 0.8-2.2 mm, the diameter clearance range between the outer diameter of the steel wire cleaning spiral and the inner wall of the heating pipe is 2-8 mm, and the larger the diameter of the heating pipe is, the larger the value of the stainless steel wire and the heating pipe is. The pitch of the steel wire cleaning spiral is 0.5-1.6 times of the inner diameter of the heating pipe, the convection heat transfer enhancement and the fluid resistance are mainly considered, and the lower the flow velocity in the heating pipe is, the smaller the value of the multiple is. The length of the wire cleaning helix is substantially the same as the length of the heating tube. Considering that the steel wire cleaning spiral tail section is strongly thrown, the spiral tail section adopts a plastic-coated structure, the inner wall of the heating pipe is prevented from being scratched, the service life is prolonged, and the corresponding section of the low-temperature air inlet at the lower part of the heating pipe is particularly important.
The multifunctional frame has sliding bearing in the head, arched middle part and flow guiding pipe section in the lower part.
The inner wall of the diversion pipe section is manufactured with a reverse-rotation diversion sheet with the direction opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral power wheel in an injection molding manner, and inlet flue gas is diverted into spiral line flow with the direction opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral power wheel, so that the impact force on the spiral power wheel is greatly strengthened, the power torque value of the spiral power wheel is multiplied, and the power requirement of online continuous automatic cleaning and scale prevention of the steel wire cleaning spiral is fully ensured. Mainly from the view of strengthening the automatic cleaning power moment, and considering the comprehensive principle of not excessively increasing the inlet resistance and being convenient for injection molding production, the range of the value of the helical angle beta of the reverse rotation guide vane is 20-40 degrees, the higher the flow velocity in the heating pipe is, the larger the design value of the helical angle beta is; the larger the need for the power torque of the automatic cleaning screw of the steel wire is, the smaller the value of the helix angle beta is. The number of the reverse-rotation spiral flow deflectors uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is 3-4, the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe is, and the more the number of the blades is designed. The thickness of the reverse rotation guide vane is 0.5-1.0 mm, so that the principle of production and manufacturing is facilitated. The range of the diameter D1 of the central straight-through area of the reverse rotation guide vane is 5-10 mm, and the value-taking principle is that the diameter D1 is as small as possible on the premise that the demoulding of the injection molding production of the reverse rotation guide vane is not difficult.
The fixed section of the diversion pipe section is inserted into the pipe plate heating pipe, and the spiral automatic cleaning and antiscaling mechanism with the spiral power wheel is integrally and firmly installed at the inlet end of the heating pipe. The length of the guide pipe section is larger and is obviously larger than the thickness of the pipe plate. Therefore, a positioning flange is designed on the outer part lower than the flue gas inlet window, and the phenomenon that the heat transfer area is influenced due to the fact that the positioning flange is inserted too deeply and exceeds the thickness of the tube plate is prevented.
The opposite side of the arched frame is a flue gas inlet window, and the size design principle is that the area requirement of the air inlet window is obviously larger than the flow area in the heating pipe so as to reduce the inlet resistance of the flue gas. The structure design adopts an arched frame, which is mainly used for facilitating demoulding in injection molding production of the counter-rotating guide vane and also considering the reason that the axial force borne by the cleaning screw is weak.
The head sliding bearing considers that the smoke flowing can provide power torque for the cleaning screw, and is very weak relative to the liquid working condition of the heating pipe, so that the friction torque radius must be reduced as much as possible by adopting the structural design except for self-lubricating high-temperature-resistant plastic. The diameter of the top bearing shaft hole is 2-3 mm, and the diameter is required to be more than 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of a steel wire for manufacturing the cleaning spiral. The thickness of the bearing hub is 1.5-5 mm.
The spiral power wheel is a power element for providing automatic cleaning, and the self-rotating torque is Sin2 alpha which is proportional to the pitch angle alpha of the blades of the spiral power wheel, wherein the pitch angle alpha is defined as the impulse angle of fluid to the blades. Therefore, according to the structural design requirement of the self-rotation torque maximization principle, the influence of the relative impulse angle of the self-rotation interlocking motion of the spiral power wheel is considered, the value range of the spiral angle alpha of the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel is 30-45 degrees, and the larger the self-rotation speed is, the smaller the value is. The thickness of the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel is 0.6-2.5 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe is, the larger the thickness value is. The diameter clearance between the spiral power wheel and the inner wall of the heating pipe is 2-6 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe is, the larger the diameter clearance value is. The spiral power wheel is produced and molded by adopting high-temperature-resistant plastic injection molding.
The hook shaft is generally made of stainless steel wires with the diameter of 1.5-3.0 mm, the hook end is connected with a spiral power wheel, and the hook head shaft section is hung on a sliding bearing at the head of the multifunctional rack. The structure of the hook head shaft section can be designed with a dust-poking hook, which is helpful for preventing the outside of the multifunctional rack from being bonded with dust, and is helpful for preventing dust deposition on the tube plate outside the flue gas inlet window.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism of a vertical tubular air preheater of a boiler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
In the figure: 1 ash-poking hook 2 sliding bearing 3 multifunctional rack 4 bow-shaped rack 5 hook shaft 6 flue gas inlet window 7 positioning flange 8 tube sheet 9 reverse rotation deflector 10 reverse spiral air flow 11 deflector tube section 12 spiral power wheel 13 heating tube 14 cleaning spiral 15 center straight-through area 16 spiral tail section plastic-coated
A spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for a vertical tubular air preheater of a boiler mainly comprises a multifunctional rack 3, a spiral power wheel 12, a steel wire cleaning spiral 14, a hook shaft 5 and a heating pipe 13. The multifunctional rack 3 is fixedly arranged at the flue gas inlet end of a heating pipe 13, the upstream end of a spiral power wheel 12 is hung on a sliding bearing 2 at the top of the multifunctional rack 3 through a hook shaft 5, and the downstream end of the spiral power wheel 12 is connected with a steel wire cleaning spiral 14.
The steel wire cleaning spiral 14 is a basic functional element for automatically cleaning dirt in the heating pipe 13, and is also a power element for automatically cleaning, and is also a convection heat transfer enhancing element at the side of the heating pipe 13. Generally, stainless steel wires having the same or similar performance as the heating tube 13 are used. The stainless steel wire diameter of the steel wire cleaning spiral 14 is 0.8-2.2 mm. The diameter clearance range between the outer diameter of the steel wire cleaning spiral 14 and the inner wall of the heating pipe 13 is 2-8 mm, and the larger the diameter of the heating pipe 13 is, the larger the value is. The pitch of the steel wire cleaning spiral 14 is 0.5-1.6 times of the inner diameter of the heating pipe, the convection heat transfer enhancement and the fluid resistance are mainly considered, and the lower the flow velocity in the heating pipe 13 is, the smaller the value of the multiple is. The length of the wire cleaning helix 14 is substantially the same as the length of the heating tube 13. Considering that the tail section of the steel wire cleaning spiral 14 is strongly thrown, the tail section of the spiral adopts a plastic coated structure, the inner wall of the heating pipe is prevented from being scratched, the service life is prolonged, and particularly the corresponding section of the low-temperature air inlet at the lower part of the heating pipe 13 is provided.
The multifunctional frame 3 is structurally provided with a head sliding bearing 2, a middle arched frame 4 and a lower guide pipe section 11.
The inner wall of the diversion pipe section 11 is provided with a reverse-rotation diversion sheet 9 with the opposite spiral direction to the spiral power wheel 12, and the inlet flue gas is diverted into spiral line flow with the opposite spiral direction to the spiral power wheel 12, so that the impact force to the spiral power wheel 12 is greatly strengthened, the power torque value of the spiral power wheel 12 is multiplied, and the automatic cleaning steel wire spiral 14 is driven to generate automatic cleaning movement meeting the strength required by the automatic cleaning capability. Mainly from the view of automatic cleaning power torque reinforcement, and considering the comprehensive principle of not excessively increasing the inlet resistance and the convenience of injection molding production, the range of the value of the helix angle beta of the reverse rotation guide vane 9 is 20-40 degrees, the higher the flow velocity in the heating pipe 13 is, the larger the design value of the helix angle beta is; the greater the need for the power torque of the automatic steel wire cleaning screw 14, the smaller the value of the helix angle β. The number of the counter-rotating guide vanes 9 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is 3-4, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe 13 is, the more the number of the guide vanes is designed. The thickness of the reverse-rotation guide vane 9 is 0.5-1.0 mm, so that the principle of production and manufacturing is convenient. The range of the diameter D1 of the central straight-through area of the reverse rotation guide vane 9 is 5-10 mm, and the value-taking principle is that the diameter D1 is as small as possible on the premise that the injection molding production demoulding of the reverse rotation guide vane 9 is not difficult.
The fixed section of the diversion pipe section 11 is inserted into the heating pipe 13 of the pipe plate 8, and the spiral automatic cleaning and antiscaling mechanism with the spiral power wheel 12 is integrally and firmly arranged at the inlet end of the heating pipe 13. The length of the guide pipe section 11 is relatively large and is obviously larger than the thickness of the pipe plate 8. Therefore, a positioning flange 7 is designed at the outer part lower than the flue gas inlet window 6, and the situation that the insertion is too deep and exceeds the thickness of the tube plate 8 to influence the heat transfer area is prevented.
The opposite side of the arched frame 4 is provided with a flue gas inlet window 6, and the size design principle is that the area requirement of the flue gas inlet window 6 is obviously larger than the flow area of the heating pipe 13 so as to reduce the inlet resistance of the flue gas. The arched frame 4 is adopted in the structural design, so that demoulding in injection molding production of the reverse rotation guide vanes 9 is facilitated, and the reason that the axial force borne by the steel wire cleaning spiral 14 is weak is also considered.
The head sliding bearing 2 considers that the smoke flow can provide power torque for the steel wire cleaning spiral 14, and is weak relative to the working condition of heating pipe liquid, so that the friction torque radius must be reduced as much as possible by adopting the structural design except for self-lubricating high-temperature-resistant plastic. The diameter of the top sliding bearing 2 shaft hole is 2-3 mm, and the diameter is required to be more than 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of a steel wire for manufacturing the cleaning spiral 14. The thickness of the bearing hub is 1.5-5 mm.
The helical power wheel 12 is a power element providing self-cleaning, and the magnitude of the self-turning moment is Sin2 α proportional to the pitch angle α of the blades of the helical power wheel 12, where the pitch angle α is defined as the angle of impulse of the fluid against the blades. Therefore, according to the structural design requirement of the self-rotation torque maximization principle, the influence of the relative impulse angle of the self-rotation interlocking motion of the spiral power wheel 12 is considered, the value range of the spiral angle alpha of the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel 12 is 30-45 degrees, and the larger the self-rotation speed is, the smaller the value is. The thickness of the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel 12 is 0.6-2.5 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe 13 is, the larger the thickness value is. The diameter clearance between the spiral power wheel 12 and the inner wall of the heating pipe 13 is 2-6 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe 13 is, the larger the diameter clearance value is. The spiral power wheel 12 is produced and molded by injection molding of high-temperature resistant plastic.
The hook shaft 5 is generally made of stainless steel wires with the diameter of 1.5-3.0 mm, the hook end is connected with the spiral power wheel 12, and the hook head shaft section is hung on a sliding bearing at the head part of the multifunctional rack 3. The structure of gib head shaft section can be designed with and dial grey hook 1, helps preventing the outside deposition that bonds of multi-functional frame 3, helps preventing the deposition on 6 outer tube sheet 8 of flue gas entry window.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a vertical tubulation air heater spiral self-cleaning scale control mechanism of boiler, the essential element has multi-functional frame (3), spiral power wheel (12), steel wire cleaning spiral (14), crotch axle (5), heating pipe (13), its technical characterstic in that:
the structure head of the multifunctional frame is a sliding bearing (2), the middle part is an arched frame (4), and the lower part is a guide pipe section (11); the inner wall of the guide pipe section (11) is manufactured with a reverse rotation guide vane (9) with the direction opposite to the direction of a spiral blade of the spiral power wheel (12) in an injection molding way, so that the power moment of the spiral power wheel (12) can be increased in multiples; the range of the value of the helical angle beta of the reverse rotation guide vane (9) is 20-40 degrees, and the higher the flow velocity in the heating pipe (13), the larger the design value of the helical angle beta is; the number of the counter-rotating guide vanes (9) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is 3-4, the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe (13), the more the number of the vanes is designed;
the value of the helical angle alpha of the helical blade of the helical power wheel (12) is in a range of 30-45 degrees, and the faster the self-rotation speed is, the smaller the value is; the thickness of the spiral blade of the spiral power wheel (12) is 0.6-2.5 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe (13), the larger the thickness value; the diameter clearance between the spiral power wheel (12) and the inner wall of the heating pipe (13) is 2-6 mm, and the larger the inner diameter of the heating pipe (13), the larger the diameter clearance value.
2. The spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism of the boiler air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: the structural design of the arched frame (4) is beneficial to demoulding of the injection molding production of the reverse rotation guide vane (9).
3. The spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism of the boiler air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the hook head shaft section of the hook shaft (5) can be designed with a dust-poking hook (1), which is helpful for preventing the outer part of the multifunctional rack (3) from being bonded with dust and preventing the dust on the outer tube plate (8) of the flue gas inlet window.
4. The spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism of the boiler air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: considering that the tail section of the steel wire cleaning spiral (14) is strongly flapped, the spiral tail section adopts a plastic-coated structure, the inner wall of the heating pipe (13) is prevented from being scratched, the service life is prolonged, and the corresponding section of the low-temperature air inlet at the lower part of the heating pipe (13) is particularly important.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210166604.8A CN114941961A (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210166604.8A CN114941961A (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114941961A true CN114941961A (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210166604.8A Pending CN114941961A (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Spiral automatic cleaning and scale preventing mechanism for vertical tubular air preheater of boiler |
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| CN (1) | CN114941961A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114485257A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-13 | 湖南工业大学 | Automatic cleaning technology for hard scale of separation-pressing plastic spiral twisted belt |
-
2022
- 2022-02-23 CN CN202210166604.8A patent/CN114941961A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114485257A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-13 | 湖南工业大学 | Automatic cleaning technology for hard scale of separation-pressing plastic spiral twisted belt |
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