CN114941528A - Construction method for uncovering and penetrating outburst coal seam in shaft construction - Google Patents
Construction method for uncovering and penetrating outburst coal seam in shaft construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN114941528A CN114941528A CN202210444905.2A CN202210444905A CN114941528A CN 114941528 A CN114941528 A CN 114941528A CN 202210444905 A CN202210444905 A CN 202210444905A CN 114941528 A CN114941528 A CN 114941528A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method for uncovering a outburst coal seam in shaft construction, and relates to the technical field of coal mine construction; the construction method comprises the steps of shaft tunneling, coal seam uncovering and coal rock slag transportation. In the construction operation process, the drilling machine performs excavation operation on the first operation surface from bottom to top without adopting a blasting mode, so that the construction danger is reduced; and constructors always work on the upper part of the shaft, and are isolated from the upper part rock stratum between the protruded coal layer, even if the coal layer is protruded in the coal uncovering process, the coal rock stratum only protrudes to the lower part roadway under the action of gravity, so casualty accidents can not be caused, and the safety of the upper part operators is ensured; in addition, the coal rock sediment that produces among the work progress relies on the dead weight to fall into the conveying equipment in the tunnel and carries out the outer transport, need not to carry out the operation of slagging tap in the pit shaft to can realize the unmanned of operation, when improving the efficiency of slagging tap, further ensured personnel's security.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine construction, in particular to a construction method for uncovering and penetrating a protruding coal seam in shaft construction.
Background
Coal and gas outburst (hereinafter referred to as outburst) is a dynamic phenomenon that broken coal, rock and gas are suddenly thrown out to a mining space from a coal body or a rock body under the combined action of ground stress and gas, and is one of the most serious disasters in the underground coal mine.
The shaft coal uncovering of the outburst coal seam is a project with larger danger, the prior conventional shaft coal uncovering construction also adopts a drilling-blasting method, needs manual work to perform operations such as drilling, charging, deslagging, supporting and the like in the shaft, has low efficiency and great danger, although outburst prevention measures must be implemented and effect inspection and verification are carried out before the shaft coal uncovering of the outburst mine, the shaft coal uncovering method is limited by the prior art, is difficult to ensure the absolute effectiveness of the outburst prevention measures, has higher outburst accident occurrence probability in the shaft coal uncovering process of the outburst coal seam, and is not obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for uncovering a outburst coal seam in shaft construction, which aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and high risk of the existing construction method.
In order to solve the problems, the invention firstly provides a construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of tunneling a shaft, and tunneling a rock stratum at the upper part of a outburst coal seam to form a first operation surface with a first preset distance from a top plate of the outburst coal seam;
uncovering the coal seam, using a drilling machine to open the shaft and a roadway below the lower rock stratum on the first working face, and then using the drilling machine to perform excavation operation from the bottom plate of the lower rock stratum protruding out of the coal seam upwards;
and transporting the coal rock slag, and collecting the coal rock slag by utilizing conveying equipment in the roadway in the outburst coal seam excavation process, and conveying the coal rock slag to the appointed station.
Further, before the first working face is formed by tunneling, a second working face with a second preset distance from the top plate of the outburst coal seam is formed by tunneling, and a first outburst prevention measure is carried out in the process that the second working face and/or the second working face tunnel towards the first working face, wherein the second preset distance is larger than or equal to two times of the first preset distance.
Further, the second preset distance is 10-20 m.
Further, the first anti-collision measure includes a first anti-collision detection, and the first anti-collision detection includes: and determining the residual gas content or the residual gas pressure of the coal seam, and if the determined residual gas content of the coal seam is smaller than a first preset value and/or the determined residual gas pressure of the coal seam is smaller than a second preset value, continuing tunneling the shaft.
Further, the shaft tunneling step further comprises: and carrying out a second outburst prevention measure when the tunnel is tunneled to the first operation surface and/or during tunneling downwards from the first operation surface.
Further, the second anti-collision measure comprises a second anti-collision detection, and the second anti-collision detection comprises: drilling a plurality of inspection holes, detecting the plurality of inspection holes by adopting a drilling cutting gas desorption index method, and when the detection result is qualified, continuously tunneling a shaft.
Further, the outburst coal seam excavation comprises: constructing a guide hole, namely installing a guide drill bit on a drill rod of the drilling machine, and constructing from top to bottom by using the guide drill bit to form the guide hole; and (3) reaming construction, namely disassembling the guide drill bit, installing the reaming drill bit on the drill rod positioned in the guide hole, and utilizing the drilling machine to perform construction from bottom to top to form reaming.
Further, the pilot hole construction further comprises: performing mud wall protection during the drilling process of the pilot bit.
Further, the radial dimension of the guide hole is 216 mm and 350mm, and/or the radial dimension of the reaming hole is 1m-10 m.
Further, the outburst coal seam excavation further comprises: and expanding the radial dimension of the counterbore after the counterbore construction until the radial dimension of the counterbore is equal to the radial dimension of the wellbore.
According to the construction method for uncovering the outburst coal seam in the shaft construction, a first working face is formed in the shaft excavation process, the drilling machine performs excavation operation on the first working face from bottom to top, a blasting mode is not adopted, and construction dangerousness is reduced; and constructors always work on the upper part of the shaft, and are isolated from the upper part rock stratum between the protruded coal layer, even if the coal layer is protruded in the coal uncovering process, the coal rock stratum only protrudes to the lower part roadway under the action of gravity, so casualty accidents can not be caused, and the safety of the upper part operators is ensured; in addition, the coal rock sediment that produces among the work progress relies on the dead weight to fall into the conveying equipment in the tunnel and carries out the outer transport, need not to carry out the operation of slagging tap in the pit shaft to can realize the unmanned of operation, when improving the efficiency of slagging tap, further ensured personnel's security.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state of constructing a pilot hole;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a state of a construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam during shaft construction in a reaming process.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-a wellbore; 2-outburst of coal seam; 3-upper rock stratum; 4-a first working plane; 5-a drilling machine; 6-lower rock stratum; 7-laneway; 8-a conveying device; 9-a guide hole; 10-reaming; 11-a pilot bit; 12-a reamer bit; 13-buffer slag stopping device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The operation of the existing outburst coal seam 2 of tearing through always needs the operating personnel to go on in the shaft 1, the specific operation in the operation includes drilling, powder charge, slag discharging and supporting, etc., need the operating personnel to load the explosive in drilling promptly, then blast, still need manual work or manual operation equipment to slag out after the blasting, whole work progress is not only inefficient, and under the dangerous state that the disturbance to the stratum leads to taking place easily in the shaft 1 and collapse accidents such as easily under the blasting action, the incident takes place easily, cause constructor's injures and deaths.
In view of the above, the present embodiment provides a construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction, and the design principle of the construction method is that in the construction process of the existing shaft 1, a roadway 7 is generally arranged below the shaft 1, or the roadway 7 with a certain operation space at the lower part of the shaft 1 can be realized by adjusting the construction sequence of the roadway, so that the condition that the roadway 7 is arranged at the lower part can be fully utilized, and coal uncovering construction is performed by using equipment such as a raise boring machine 5, and on the one hand, the construction efficiency can be improved, on the other hand, constructors can operate at the upper part of the shaft 1 and are isolated from the protruding coal seam 2 by an upper rock stratum 3, and the safety of the upper part operators is ensured; and uncovering coal and slagging tap and fall to lower part tunnel 7 depending on the dead weight of the waste slag, and lower part tunnel 7 can adopt conveying equipment 8 such as belt feeder, scraper conveyor to slag off, realizes that the operation in tunnel 7 is unmanned, even take place to be outstanding like this at uncovering the coal in-process, also can only be outstanding to lower part tunnel 7, can not cause the casualties accident, effectively promotes the security of pit shaft 1 coal uncovering work.
First, referring to fig. 1, the construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in wellbore construction provided by this embodiment includes the following basic steps:
the method comprises the steps of excavating a shaft 1, excavating a rock stratum 3 on the upper portion of a outburst coal seam 2, and forming a first working face 4 with a first preset distance from a top plate of the outburst coal seam 2;
uncovering the coal seam, using a drilling machine 5 to open the shaft 1 and a roadway 7 below the lower rock stratum 6 on the first working face 4, and then using the drilling machine to perform excavation operation upwards from the bottom plate of the lower rock stratum 6 of the outburst coal seam 2;
and (3) transporting the coal rock slag, and collecting the coal rock slag by using the conveying equipment 8 in the roadway 7 in the excavation process of the outburst coal seam 2, and conveying the coal rock slag to the appointed station.
In the above-mentioned shaft 1 excavation step, the construction method adopted for excavation is generally the construction method of the existing shaft 1, so the embodiment will not be described too much here, when the shaft 1 is excavated to a certain depth, the shaft 1 forms a second working surface (not shown in the figure) located above the outburst coal seam 2, the second working surface of the embodiment is located above the first working surface 4, the second working surface has a second preset distance from the roof of the outburst coal seam 2, and the second preset distance is greater than or equal to twice the first preset distance.
For example, the second preset distance may be 10m to 20m in the case of a simpler geological structure, and when the geological structure is more complex, the second preset distance may be 20m, in order to ensure safety of continuous excavation, the driving step of the shaft 1 of this embodiment further includes performing a first anti-collision measure in the downward excavation process of the second working surface and the second working surface, where the first anti-collision measure includes first anti-collision detection, the first anti-collision detection includes measuring residual gas content or residual gas pressure of the coal seam, and if the measured residual gas content of the coal seam is less than a first preset value or the residual gas pressure of the coal seam is less than a second preset value, the shaft 1 is driven to the first working surface 4, where the first preset value is 8m 3 T (judging whether or not less than 6m when constructing a belt) 3 T), the second preset value is 0.74MPa, both are specification parameters determined by specifications, and the specific origin process is not described in the embodiment.
Specifically, the first outburst prevention measure in this embodiment is an "regional comprehensive outburst prevention measure," which specifically includes: predicting the outburst risk, pre-extracting coal seam gas regional outburst prevention measures, verifying regional measure effects and verifying regions, wherein the forecasting of the regional outburst risk is generally carried out according to coal seam gas parameters in combination with a gas geological analysis method, the coal seam gas parameters are coal seam gas pressure and coal seam gas content, the critical value of the coal seam gas parameters is determined according to test investigation, and before the determination, whether the critical value of the gas pressure is smaller than 0.74MPa or not and whether the critical value of the gas content is smaller than 8m or not can be determined according to the fact that whether the critical value of the gas pressure is smaller than 0.74MPa or not and the critical value of the gas content is smaller than 8m 3 T (determine if less than 6m when the outburst coal seam is in the formation zone 3 T), pre-pumping coal bed gas for a ground well or pre-pumping coal bed gas for a cross-layer/bedding drilling hole in a pre-pumping coal bed gas area outburst prevention measure, and an area measureThe effect test mainly adopts residual gas pressure, residual gas content and other effective indexes and methods verified by tests, and whether the critical value of the residual gas pressure is less than 0.74MPa or not and whether the critical value of the residual gas content is less than 8m or not 3 T (determine if less than 6m when the outburst coal seam is in the formation zone 3 T), the construction of the shaft 1 can be continued only after the regional measures have been tested to the effect, and the shaft is driven to the first working surface 4 mentioned in the present embodiment. The regional verification is carried out by adopting a roadway coal uncovering working face outburst risk prediction method, and the steps are the same as the following working face outburst risk prediction steps.
Further, since the distance from the outburst coal seam 2 is closer and closer as the shaft 1 is driven, the isolation effect of the upper rock stratum 3 on the outburst danger is gradually reduced, so as to ensure the safety of the subsequent coal seam excavation operation, the shaft 1 driving step of the embodiment further comprises a second outburst prevention measure when driving to the first working surface 4, and the second outburst prevention measure comprises second outburst prevention detection.
Specifically, the second outburst prevention measure of the embodiment is also a "local comprehensive outburst prevention measure", and specifically includes working face outburst risk prediction (i.e., second outburst prevention detection), working face outburst prevention measure effect inspection and safety protection measure, the outburst risk prediction of the roadway coal uncovering working face is performed by using a drill cutting desorption index method or other methods proved to be effective by tests, when the drilling cutting gas desorption index method is used for predicting the outburst risk of the roadway coal uncovering working face, at least 3 drill holes are constructed from the working face to the proper position of the coal seam, coal drill cuttings with the particle size of 1-3 mm discharged from an orifice are collected every 1m drilled when the drill holes are drilled into the coal seam, and the gas desorption index K of the coal drill cuttings is measured 1 Or Δ h 2 The value is obtained. The critical value of the drill cuttings gas desorption index of the coal uncovering working surface of each coal seam roadway should be determined according to test investigation, and K can be temporarily pressed before the determination 1 Judging whether the critical value of the dry coal sample is less than 0.5 or not, and judging whether the critical value of the wet coal sample is less than 0.4 or not; delta h 2 The critical value of the dry coal sample is less than 200Pa, and the critical value of the wet coal sample is less than 160 Pa. The outburst prevention measures of the roadway coal uncovering working face comprise advanced drilling, gas pre-pumping and advanced drillingThe measures of discharging gas, metal framework, coal body solidification, hydraulic punching or other effective measures proved by tests can be selected for the coal uncovering working face of the vertical shaft, and the measures of metal framework and coal body solidification can be implemented before the coal layer is uncovered after other outburst prevention measures are adopted and the effectiveness is tested. The outburst prevention measure effect test also adopts a drill cutting gas desorption index method or other methods proved to be effective by tests, but the number of test holes in all the methods for testing in a drilling mode is not less than 5, and the test holes are respectively positioned at the upper part, the middle part, the lower part and two sides of a roadway. If all indexes of the detection result of the working surface measures are below the outburst danger critical value of the coal seam, and other abnormal conditions are not found, the measures are effective; otherwise, the decision measure is invalid, and the regional comprehensive outburst prevention measure or the local comprehensive outburst prevention measure must be executed again.
After the working face outburst prevention measures and the working face outburst prevention measure effect tests, when the desorption index values of drilling cuttings gas of all tested drill holes are judged to be smaller than the critical value and no abnormal phenomena such as spray holes, top drilling and the like occur, the outburst danger is low, the next outburst coal seam 2 excavation operation can be carried out after the safety protection measures are taken, and the safety protection measures are a refuge chamber, a reverse air door, a compressed air self-rescue device, an isolated self-rescuer, remote blasting and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the excavation step of the outburst coal seam 2 in the embodiment specifically includes a pilot hole 9 construction step and a hole expansion 10 construction step, the pilot hole 9 construction step includes installing a drilling machine 5 in the shaft 1, the drilling machine 5 is an existing raise boring machine 5, the embodiment is not described with respect to the specific operation principle and structure of the raise boring machine 5, and in the process, a hole expansion bit 12 needs to be transported into the lower roadway 7 in advance for standby, then a pilot bit 11 is installed on a drill rod of the drilling machine 5, and the pilot hole 9 shown in fig. 2 is formed by using the pilot bit 11 from top to bottom.
Referring to fig. 3, after the guiding hole 9 is drilled through the shaft 1 and the roadway 7, the guiding bit 11 is removed, the hole expanding bit 12 is installed on the drill rod in the guiding hole 9, and the hole expanding bit 12 of the drilling machine 5 is used for forming the hole expanding 10 from bottom to top.
Before the reaming 10 construction, a conveying device 8 for deslagging needs to be installed in the lower roadway 7, the conveying device 8 can be a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor and the like, and a buffering slag stopping device 13 is installed between the drilling and cutting slag falling position of the reaming bit 12 and the belt conveyor or the scraper conveyor, so that the coal and rock slag falling off during the reaming 10 construction is guaranteed to just fall on the belt conveyor or the scraper conveyor.
In the construction process of the reaming 10, the drilling machine 5 is started to construct the reaming 10 from bottom to top, and when the reaming 10 is constructed to the outburst coal seam 2, coal uncovering operation is carried out, meanwhile, a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor in the lower roadway 7 is started, coal and rock slag cut in the coal uncovering process is conveyed out through the belt conveyor or the scraper conveyor arranged in the lower roadway 7 until the construction operation of the whole section between the lower roadway 7 and the working surface of the shaft 1 is completed, and the raise boring machine 5 is removed.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to ensure construction safety and hole forming quality during the construction of the pilot hole 9 and prevent hole collapse and the like, in the embodiment, slurry is used for wall protection during the construction of the pilot hole 9, specifically, when the pilot hole 9 is constructed from top to bottom, slurry is pressed from top to bottom from the center of a drill rod of the drilling machine 5, the slurry is pressed to a position of a pilot bit 11, then the slurry is discharged upwards to a slurry tank on a tunneling working surface of the shaft 1 from an annular space around the drill rod, and the slurry is reused after being precipitated, and a specific circulation line of the slurry is shown by an arrow in fig. 2.
In addition, in the process of forming the hole in the guide hole 9, in order to ensure the quality of the formed hole, in the construction process of the guide hole 9, every time the guide hole is drilled for 50m, an inclinometer is used for measuring the deflection rate of the drilled hole, if the deflection rate exceeds 5 per thousand, a screw drilling tool is used for timely correcting the deviation, and the deflection rate of the formed hole is ensured to be less than 1%.
Optionally, the radial dimension of the guide hole 9 formed in the embodiment is 216-350mm, so that the formation is convenient and no excessive disturbance is caused to the rock formation, the specific size can be determined according to the size of the drill bit of the field raise boring machine 5, the radial size of the counterbore 10 of the embodiment is 1m-10m, the size of the counterbore 10 is the same as that of the well shaft 1, because the process of uncovering the protruding coal seam 2 is part of the shaft 1 construction, or the counterbore 10 is part of the shaft 1, the size of the counterbore 10 for uncovering the protruding coal seam 2 therefore needs to be the same size as the upper wellbore 1, it being noted that "same size" in this paragraph means substantially the same, it is not required that the counterbore and the inner wall of the wellbore at any height are the same radial size, because the wall surface of the hole can not be ensured to be smooth and tidy in the excavation construction process, the consistency of the radial dimension of the hole in the vertical direction can not be ensured.
However, limited by the size of the reamer head 12, it is easy to make the size of the reamer 10 smaller than that of the wellbore 1, and therefore, the excavation of the outburst coal seam 2 in the embodiment may further include: the radial dimension of the counterbore 10 is enlarged after the counterbore 10 is constructed until the radial dimension of the counterbore 10 is equal to the radial dimension of the wellbore 1. In addition, due to errors in the excavation process, the excavation size of the shaft 1 is also easily smaller than the design size, and therefore, the size of the hole enlargement 10 or the shaft 1 can be enlarged through construction.
Specifically, the diameter of the counterbore 10 is enlarged by drilling blasting and the like, and the blasted coal and rock slag also falls onto a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor in the lower roadway 7 and is conveyed out until the cross section diameters of the shaft 1 and the counterbore 10 reach the designed size.
In the construction process of removing the outburst coal seam 2 through the reaming hole 10, the lower roadway 7 must form an independent ventilation system (not shown in the figure), and the power supply of all non-intrinsic safety type electric equipment at the downwind side of the butt joint and through part of the lower roadway 7 must be cut off, wherein the non-intrinsic safety type electric equipment refers to the electrical equipment which is not intrinsic safety type, and the intrinsic safety type electrical equipment is the abbreviation of intrinsic safety type electrical equipment. In addition, in the process of constructing the reaming hole 10 to uncover the outburst coal seam 2, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, the personnel in 500m of the downwind side and the upwind side of the roadway butt-joint through part of the lower roadway 7 must be completely withdrawn, and a fence warning mark needs to be arranged at the roadway opening to play a warning role and prevent the personnel from entering the roadway by mistake.
As can be seen from the description of the construction method for uncovering the outburst coal seam in the shaft construction of the embodiment, the shaft 1 is excavated to form the first working surface 4, the drilling machine 5 excavates the outburst coal seam 2 on the first working surface 4, explosive filling and slag tapping do not need to be manually performed in the shaft 1, and the construction efficiency is improved; and constructors always work on the upper part of the shaft 1 and are directly isolated from the outburst coal seam 2 by rock strata, and even if the outburst coal seam occurs in the coal uncovering process, the constructors only protrude to the lower roadway 7, so casualty accidents can not be caused, and the safety of the upper part operators is ensured; in addition, the coal rock slag generated in the construction process falls into the conveying equipment 8 in the roadway 7 by means of dead weight to be conveyed outwards, so that unmanned operation can be realized, and the safety of personnel is further ensured.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of excavating a shaft (1), excavating a rock stratum (3) on the upper portion of a outburst coal seam (2), and forming a first working face (4) with a first preset distance from the top plate of the outburst coal seam (2);
uncovering the coal seam, using a drilling machine (5) to open the shaft (1) and a roadway (7) below the lower rock stratum (6) on the first working face (4), and then using the drilling machine to perform excavation operation from the bottom plate of the lower rock stratum (6) of the outburst coal seam (2) upwards;
and (3) transporting the coal rock slag, wherein the coal rock slag is collected by utilizing a conveying device (8) in the roadway (7) in the excavation process of the outburst coal seam (2) and is conveyed to the appointed station.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of driving the shaft (1) further comprises:
before the first working face (4) is formed in a tunneling mode, a second working face with a second preset distance from the top plate of the outburst coal seam (2) is formed in a tunneling mode, a first outburst prevention measure is carried out in the tunneling process of the second working face and/or the second working face to the first working face (4), and the second preset distance is larger than or equal to two times of the first preset distance.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second predetermined distance is 10-20 m.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first outburst prevention measure comprises a first outburst prevention test, and the first outburst prevention test comprises:
and measuring the residual gas content or the residual gas pressure of the coal seam, and if the measured residual gas content of the coal seam is smaller than a first preset value and/or the measured residual gas pressure of the coal seam is smaller than a second preset value, continuing tunneling the shaft (1).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of driving the shaft (1) further comprises: second measures for preventing outbursts are taken during excavation of the first working surface (4) and/or from the first working surface (4).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second outburst prevention measure comprises a second outburst prevention test, and the second outburst prevention test comprises:
drilling a plurality of inspection holes, detecting the plurality of inspection holes by adopting a drilling cutting gas desorption index method, and continuously tunneling the shaft (1) after the detection result is qualified.
7. Shaft construction method for uncovering a coal seam outburst in a shaft construction according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the outburst coal seam (2) excavation comprises:
constructing a guide hole (9), installing a guide drill bit (11) on a drill rod of the drilling machine (5), and constructing from top to bottom by using the guide drill bit (11) to form the guide hole (9);
and (3) reaming (10) construction, namely disassembling the guide drill bit (11), installing a reaming drill bit (12) on the drill rod in the guide hole (9), and utilizing the drilling machine (5) to form the reaming (10) from bottom to top.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the pilot hole (9) construction further comprises: performing mud wall protection during the drilling process of the pilot bit (11).
9. The method for uncovering a protruding coal seam in shaft construction according to claim 7, wherein the radial dimension of the pilot hole (9) is 216 mm and 350mm, and/or the radial dimension of the counterbore hole (10) is 1m-10 m.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein excavating the coal seam outburst (2) further comprises:
enlarging the radial dimension of the counterbore (10) after the counterbore (10) is in operation until the radial dimension of the counterbore (10) equals the radial dimension of the wellbore (1).
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