CN1149402C - High-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
High-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-voltage motor fault discharge on-line monitoring system which is based on a detection method of coupling of neutral points. A system hardware configuration mode that wide bands plus narrow bands is composed of a high-frequency wide band current sensor, a wide band preamplification circuit, a narrow band signal detection and alarm unit, an industrial control computer, a server, etc., wherein the industrial control computer comprises a DSP signal high-speed collecting module; software which adopts a modular structure comprises a data transferring module, a character extraction module, a character data base, an expert system module, etc. The present invention has the advantages that the reliability and the interference immunity of the system are greatly enhanced, the rate of missing alarm is zero, the rate of false alarm is greatly reduced, and a distributed monitoring system of multiple motors can be formed by optical fiber local area networks.
Description
Technical field;
The present invention relates to a kind of high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system, relate in particular to the high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system that utilizes arrowband and discharge signal detection of broadband office and signal processing technology, belong to electric system high-tension apparatus fault discharge detection technique field.
Background technology:
The safe and reliable operation of high-rating generator is most important to electric system, and on-line monitoring high-voltage motor shelf depreciation is to need the urgent problem that solves in the production reality accurately and effectively.In the prior art, the technical application of high-rating generator insulated on-line monitoring technology mainly can be divided into arrowband monitoring method and broadband monitoring method.
Document " generator local discharge radio frequency on-line monitoring " (Guo Weiqin etc., " Shanghai second Industry Univ's journal " 1995.2pp:9-20) is the documents and materials of at present typical motor partial discharge monitoring aspect, arrowband.This instrument has been copied the product of Westinghouse Electric at the beginning of the eighties fully, and its amplifier centre frequency is 1MHz, and bandwidth is 5KHz.This device selectivity is good, strong interference immunity, but because passband is narrow, system sensitivity is lower.It is to be distributed in the characteristic of hundreds of K in the broadband band of tens of megahertzes that the arrowband method of the online detection of generator insulating has been ignored the motor internal discharge energy.That is to say and have only discharge energy to run up to sizable degree (and through transmission attenuation), and fall into this narrow band detection range detection means and just can respond.This reaction often shows that motor internal has serious insulation fault or insulation system problem, and is shorter from the cycle of the motor internal insulation harm fault of reporting to the police, i.e. the early warning cycle is short.This detection lacks directive significance for the early stage of motor internal insulation defect and mid-early stage diagnosis, is mainly used to the spark discharge of monitoring system.The rate of failing to report of simultaneity factor and rate of false alarm are also higher.
Document " systematic research of high-rating generator stator winding partial discharge monitoring " (Su Pengsheng etc., " electrician's electric energy new technology " 2000.2.pp:49-52) is the advanced documents and materials in motor partial discharge monitoring aspect, present broadband, proposed a kind of implementation that is used for on-the-spot generator local discharge on-line monitoring system.This scheme adopts the local area network structure of client/server form, with the connection of Optical Fiber Transmission as LAN (Local Area Network), has considered to suppress the problem of noise from the many-sides such as selection, hardware configuration and software programming of partial discharge monitoring point in system design.The broadband method of the online detection of generator insulating in theory, it is the general characteristic of having gathered the motor internal discharge energy, the wide frequency domain, the low-energy local discharge characteristic that form of insulating material internal discharge particularly has directive significance for the early and middle portion diagnosis of motor internal insulation defect.But, the theory and practice technology that detection is put in present office is still developing front line science, to dissimilar motors, different running environment, through studying for many years and practice is groped, electric industry circle has also only accumulated a large amount of empirical datas that concern between relevant discharge amplitude, phase place, repetition rate and the fault type, and is difficult to set up quantitatively the unified standard about large-size machine partial discharges fault and electrical machine insulation situation.Secondly, the increase of bandwidth brings the problem of anti-interference difference naturally.About the jamproof means of broadband system, existing pick-up unit is often implemented the characteristics of motor and developer's analysis side emphasis adopts a certain specific technological means because of concrete, causes the different detection systems widely different problem of obtaining a result on the same generator under the identical running environment.In addition, broadband system is in the past only emphasized the sampling system index, and the feature accumulation and the historical trend analysis of putting data of playing a game do not cause enough attention.Also be difficult to overcome and fail to report and report by mistake.The feasible broadband system in the past of above problem brings difficulty for power station user's fault judgement, analysis decision after dropping into actual motion.
Detection system is put in the office that uses at present respectively excellent the lacking of length of oneself.But several common deficiencies are all arranged, the one, all need finish analysis, judgement and the decision-making of discharge signal by the professional and technical personnel, be not easy to the general staff of factory and use and fault judgement; The 2nd, present so-called broadband system bandwidth all is no more than hundreds of KHz, differs greatly with real broadband; The 3rd, do not consider in the design that the historical trend of motor discharge is passed judgment on, there is not the configuration of property data base yet; The 4th, lack technological means effectively anti-interference and noise, input sensitivity only realizes by the dynamic indicator that promotes circuit; The 5th, demarcate difficulty at the signal circuit of package unit, lack and demarcate foundation reliably; The 6th, system is difficult to overcome to be failed to report and reports by mistake.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to above-mentioned deficiency at prior art, a kind of new reliable high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system is provided, the advantage of comprehensive existing arrowband and the two kinds of systems in broadband, in conjunction with digital processing technologies such as modern signal analysis and databases, carry out that motor discharge fault type is judged, the repair and maintenance decision-making provides the fault discharge monitoring result for the power station user, make difficult office put theoretical and signal analysis technology can be the easily utilizations of those skilled in the art institute.
For realizing such purpose, in the technical scheme of the present invention, employing is based on the detection method of neutral point coupling, system adopts the design framework of the anti-interference and recognizer+office's discharge signal historical data feature database+expert system of arrowband+broadband+numeral, has embodied different on design philosophy with the pick-up unit of in the past single principle.
System adopts high-frequency wideband current sensor, broadband pre-amplification circuit, narrow band signal detection and alarm unit, the industrial computer that comprises DSP high-speed signal acquisition module and high-performance server etc., forms the system hardware configuration mode that the broadband adds the arrowband.
The signal source of system is a generator neutral point, high-frequency wideband current sensor (CT) is installed on the generator neutral line, near configuration broadband pre-amplification circuit sensor, signal of sensor is utilized 50 Ω concentric cable that signal is sent to apart from on-the-spot back level arrowband processing unit and broadband processing unit far away again and is handled respectively after the broadband pre-amplification circuit carries out broadband amplification and impedance matching.
The arrowband processing unit has adopted the method for traditional usefulness crystal oscillator bandpass filter to signal demodulator, but increased complete arrowband alarm parameters setting function compared with Previous System, but also the narrow band signal after the detection is sent to the high-speed signal acquisition module, office's discharge signal property data base that the narrow band signal after the digitizing of high-speed signal acquisition module is delivered on the server is used for expert system analysis.
The narrow band signal of bringing behind broadband signal that the broadband processing unit is brought the broadband prime amplifier and the narrow-band demodulation is delivered to the DSP High Speed Sampling System after isolating.By industrial computer and server signal is carried out depositing an innings discharge signal property data base in behind anti-interference process and the extraction characteristic parameter, expert system is made the diagnosis of electrical machine insulation state according to broadband in the property data base and arrowband historical data.Narrowband systems and broadband system are two to overlap independently system, except that shared sensor and signal preamplifier, can work independently.Simultaneously two cover systems are done as a wholely again, and collaborative work has increased the reliability of system, and the rate of failing to report that guarantees the system of accomplishing is zero, has also reduced the rate of false alarm of system simultaneously.
The phase place of generator power-frequency voltage helps the source of differentiation office discharge signal, the AC power supply signal of generator in the factory is also introduced sampling system carry out synchronized sampling, be synchronous reference signal with power frequency supply voltage like this, be used for A, B, the C phase line in differentiation office discharge signal source.
Server adopts the high-performance server of two CPU, and characteristic is put in the motor office that can forever preserve in the high capacity SQL database in the server, for the long term monitoring of system provides foundation.The two CPU collaborative works of high-speed CPU on the data collecting card in embedded dsp processor, the industrial computer and the high speed in the server are shared processor active task, for system provides powerful data-handling capacity.
System adopts the Client/Server structure, be connected by the fiber optic local area network network between industrial computer and the server, improved the antijamming capability of system on the one hand, can form by this network simultaneously multiple electric motors is carried out the distributed monitoring system that office is placed on the line monitoring simultaneously.
System software adopts modular construction, comprises DSP application module, signal pre-processing module, Data Transmission Controlling module, characteristic extracting module, local discharge characteristic analysis and insulation assessment experts system module, inquiry and display module.The DSP application module mainly is the collection of control broadband, arrowband and operating frequency phase reference signal, realizes functions such as amplitude conversion, cycle correction simultaneously.Signal pre-processing module mainly is to suppress various interference, and its step is as follows: a) utilize auto adapted filtering to suppress narrow band cycle and disturb; B) utilizing wavelet analysis to suppress white noise disturbs; C) utilize pattern-recognition to suppress random disturbance.Data transmitting module mainly is the bi-directional that realizes data and control information by optical cable.Characteristic extracting module mainly is characteristic parameters such as standardization total amount NQN value, maximum pd quantity, office's discharge stream mean value of extraction office discharge signal, also digitized narrow band signal is stored in the database simultaneously.Local discharge characteristic analysis and insulation assessment experts system module mainly are to extract the statistics of sampling the same day from Relational database, historical data in the binding data storehouse, carry out Treatment Analysis, draw the shelf depreciation trend and the situation on the same day, the state of insulation of synthetic determination electric system proposes diagnostic comments.Inquiry and display module mainly are for characteristic and historical record in the user inquiring database.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of high-speed signal acquisition module of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, high-frequency wideband current sensor (CT) is installed on the generator neutral line, the output of high-frequency wideband current sensor connects broadband pre-amplification circuit 1 by concentric cable, and the output terminal of broadband pre-amplification circuit 1 is connected with industrial computer with the narrow band detection unit respectively by concentric cable.Broadband pre-amplification circuit 1 adopts electronic circuit to realize that the input and output impedance is 50 ohm, and the amplifying circuit bandwidth is 250KHz to 20MHz, enlargement factor be 2 to 10 times adjustable.
The narrow band detection unit comprises narrow-band demodulation unit 2 and local warning circuit 3.Narrow-band demodulation unit 2 has adopted the method for traditional usefulness crystal oscillator bandpass filter to signal demodulator, and centre frequency is 1MHz, and bandwidth is 5KHz.Local warning circuit 3 utilizes logical circuit to realize complete arrowband alarm parameters setting function and warning function, can realize local warning function according to detected narrow band signal.In addition, the narrow band signal after the detection is sent to the high-speed signal acquisition module 4 on the industrial computer, is sent to property data base on the server with the narrow band signal digitizing and by fiber optic network, uses for the expert system analysis-by-synthesis.
Broadband pre-amplification circuit 1, narrow-band demodulation unit 2 and local warning circuit 3 can be realized by common electronic circuit.
The wide band detection unit by: comprise input slave computer (industrial computer), the network communication apparatus (optical cable etc.) of DSP high-speed signal acquisition module 4 and the signal analysis host computer formations such as (servers) that comprises characteristic extracting module 8, large-scale property data base 9 and expert system module 10.The industrial computer major function is by high-speed signal acquisition module 4, signal pre-processing module 5 and data transmitting module 6, finishes the collection, pre-service and the transmission that comprise broadband signal, narrow band signal and operating frequency phase reference signal.High-speed signal acquisition module 4 is realized by hardware system, its input end links to each other with the output terminal of operating frequency phase reference signal, broadband pre-amplification circuit 1 and the output terminal of narrow-band demodulation unit 2, and its output is connected to server through signal pre-processing module 5, data transmitting module 6 by fiber optic network.Signal pre-processing module 5 and data transmitting module 6 are realized by software systems.
Signal pre-processing module 5 major functions are to suppress various interference, utilize auto adapted filtering to suppress narrow band cycle earlier and disturb, and then utilize wavelet analysis to suppress white noise and disturb, and utilize pattern-recognition to suppress random disturbance at last.Owing to adopted at a high speed long-time data acquisition circuit, can catch the details of each innings discharge signal and undesired signal, distinguish innings discharge signal or undesired signal according to the details of each signal, so improved the interference free performance of system greatly.Data transmitting module 6 utilizes ICP/IP protocol to finish exchanges data between industrial computer and server.
Software module on the server is made up of data transmitting module 7, characteristic extracting module 8, property data base 9, expert system module 10 and query display module 11.Finish the high speed acquisition of broadband signal on industrial computer, after Signal Pretreatment such as anti-interference, signal is sent to server, data transmitting module 7 utilizes ICP/IP protocol to finish exchanges data between server and industrial computer.Characteristic parameter NQN value, maximum pd quantity, average discharge current and the discharge capacity secondary distribution rate etc. of characteristic extracting module 8 extraction office discharge signals, and characteristic parameter is stored in the property data base 9, for expert system module 10 Treatment Analysis usefulness, property data base 9 has adopted SQL Server large database.Inquiry and display module 11 provide user's motor status and enquiry of historical data function.
With analytical approach was different in the past, mode identification technology is applied in the system of the present invention, and the statistical study of NQN, maximum pd quantity, average discharge current and eigenwerts such as discharge capacity secondary distribution rate and arrowband maximum discharge current and development trend have relatively embodied the up-to-date theoretical research result of putting criterion in world today's scope about office.Different with the mode of expert's artificial experience analytic signal feature in the past, this unit design based on the large-scale history feature database of motor, designed the expert diagnosis function of intelligent-induction, shelf depreciation is reported to the power station user according to slight, moderate, serious three kinds of diagnostic comments, and objectively further analysis means and repair and maintenance decision-making is provided automatically.For reaching unattended supervision requirement, realized to the distant place of power station centralized control room warning function (12) and local event writing function by microcomputer interface mechanics of communication soft, combination of hardware.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of high-speed signal acquisition module 4 of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, high-speed signal acquisition module of the present invention is made up of analog input port 13, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 14,200KHzA/D converter 15, multi-way switch 16, high-speed a/d 17, high speed first in first out FIF018, PC interface 19, dsp processor 20, static RAM SRAM21 and high speed data bus 22.Wherein 13 acceptance of analog input port are from the signal of narrow-band demodulation 2, signal and power frequency reference phase signal from broadband pre-amplification circuit 1, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 14 is used to prevent signal aliasing, 200KHzA/D converter 15 is realized the digitizing of narrow band signal, multi-way switch 16 is used to control that road signal and is sent to high-speed a/d, high-speed a/d 17 is used for the high-speed digitization of signal, high speed FIF018 is used to preserve the output of high-speed a/d, PC interface 19 is used to finish the exchanges data between DSP mainboard and industrial computer, dsp processor 20 is used for system's control and handles, SRAM21 provides memory headroom for dsp processor 20, and high speed data bus 22 is the data exchange channels between data acquisition system (DAS).Different with other data collecting card is that we have adopted jumbo high speed FIFO 18, thus can realize the long-time high speed acquisition of signal, for the details of catching each innings discharge signal and undesired signal provides possibility.From 13 to 22 these modules can both be made of existing ordinary electronic circuit, are integrated on the circuit board, are easy to realize.
The present invention has significant effect, adopt broadband+narrow band mode, expert system combines analysis-by-synthesis with the two result, increase substantially system reliability, can accomplish that from software analysis and testing circuit two aspects rate of failing to report is zero, adopted long-time (can reach tens power frequency periods at most) (20M/S) data acquisition circuit at a high speed, all details of seizure office discharge signal and undesired signal, utilize both details to distinguish innings discharge signal and undesired signal, improve the interference free performance of system, and greatly reduced rate of false alarm.Can differentiate the phase sequence of motor stator discharge according to data monitored.Fiber cable network connects high-performance industrial computer and server, on the formation/the slave computer on-line system, can constitute the distributed monitoring system of multiple electric motors, the signal of multiple electric motors be deposited in the same historical data base made comparisons, further improve the degree of confidence that office's discharge signal is analyzed.System provides multiple anti-noise means such as wavelet analysis, FIR filtering and auto adapted filtering, constructs the large-scale fault signature Value Data storehouse system on WINDOWS NT operating system and SQL database platform, preserves the drawn game of original discharge time-domain signal and puts characteristic information.Comprehensive historical data intelligent analysis system (expert system), not needing to demarcate to provide the fault judgement of high confidence level ability.The fault diagnosis expert system of intelligent-induction provides expert diagnosis ability that hypertext connects, can online revision.The fault distant place warning function of soft, combination of hardware makes the operations staff in time find fault.
In one embodiment of the invention, it is the HF current transformer of 250KHz to 30MHz that the wideband current sensor has adopted frequency response, and the bandwidth of broadband signal pre-amplification circuit is 250KHz to 20MHz.
Narrowband systems is with reference to the principle of work of US Westinghouse company's rf monitoring device, (crystal oscillator bandpass filter 3dB) is to detection signal filtering to adopt a 1MHz ± 2.5kHz, then filtering signal is carried out logarithm and amplify and the quasi-peak value detection, at last by the Logical processing unit output alarm signal.
Broadband system is made up of DSP high-speed sampling card, industrial computer, high-performance server and fiber cable network.AC power supply (deriving from generator power supply) signal is also introduced sampling system and is carried out synchronized sampling, is synchronous reference signal with power frequency supply voltage like this, is used for A, B, the C phase line in differentiation office discharge signal source.
High-speed dsp sampling card, its performance index are: sampling rate 20MHz/S, quantization digit are 12bit, but the continuous high speed collection reaches office's discharge signal of tens power frequency periods under the control of dsp processor.
Server has adopted the high-performance HP server of two CPU, and the high capacity SQL database in the server can be preserved permanent motor office and put characteristic, for the long term monitoring of system provides foundation.
System adopts the Client/Server structure, forms LAN with optical cable.Fiber optic local area network network by 100M between industrial computer and server is connected, and has improved the antijamming capability of system on the one hand, can form by this network simultaneously multiple electric motors is carried out the distributed monitoring system that office is placed on the line monitoring simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system, it is characterized in that adopting high-frequency wideband current sensor (CT), broadband pre-amplification circuit (1), the narrow band detection unit that comprises narrow-band demodulation unit (2) and local warning circuit (3), comprise the industrial computer of DSP high-speed signal acquisition module (4) and server etc., form the system hardware configuration mode that the broadband adds the arrowband, the output that is installed in the high-frequency wideband current sensor (CT) on the generator neutral line connects broadband pre-amplification circuit (1), the output of broadband pre-amplification circuit (1) is narrow-band demodulation unit (2) in succession, and insert high-speed signal acquisition module (4) with the output of operating frequency phase reference signal and narrow-band demodulation unit (2), the output of high-speed signal acquisition module (4) is through signal pre-processing module (5), data transmitting module (6) is connected to server by fiber optic network, and the software on the server is by data transmitting module (7), characteristic extracting module (8), property data base (9), expert system module (10) and query display module (11) are formed modular construction.
2, as the said high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the narrow-band demodulation unit (2) in the narrow band detection unit adopts the crystal oscillator bandpass filter, centre frequency is 1MHz, bandwidth is 5KHz, and local warning circuit (3) utilizes logical circuit realization arrowband alarm parameters to adjust and warning function.
3, as the said high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that being connected by the fiber optic local area network network between industrial computer and the server, form multiple electric motors is carried out the distributed monitoring system that office is placed on the line monitoring simultaneously.
4,, it is characterized in that having adopted in the high-speed signal acquisition module (4) jumbo high speed fifo fifo (18) as the said high-voltage fault discharge on-line monitoring system of claim 1.
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