CN114939407A - Method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and composite oxide thereof - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and composite oxide thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114939407A CN114939407A CN202210788630.4A CN202210788630A CN114939407A CN 114939407 A CN114939407 A CN 114939407A CN 202210788630 A CN202210788630 A CN 202210788630A CN 114939407 A CN114939407 A CN 114939407A
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- YOSLGHBNHHKHST-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Mn].[Mn].[Mn].[Mn].[Ce] YOSLGHBNHHKHST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010499 C–H functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZZUATUOLXMCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Co] MZZUATUOLXMCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/34—Manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/889—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/8892—Manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and a composite oxide thereof, belonging to the technical field related to the preparation of inorganic catalytic materials. The method comprises the following specific steps: adding a surfactant into a manganese salt or mixed salt concentrated solution, stirring into jelly gel, and finally calcining at a low temperature rise rate in a muffle furnace for oxidative decomposition to obtain loose porous manganese oxide or composite manganese oxide. The invention has the advantages of mild synthesis temperature condition, simple method, easy production and easy control. The synthesized material can be applied to VOCs catalytic degradation, automobile exhaust purification, ultraviolet light shielding, battery materials and other aspects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and a composite oxide thereof, belonging to the technical field related to the preparation of inorganic catalytic materials.
Background
The manganese oxide catalyst is a hot point of research due to the fact that the manganese oxide catalyst is non-toxic, low in price and high in catalytic activity, and particularly after components such as cobalt oxide and cerium oxide are added, the low-temperature activity of the manganese oxide catalyst can be effectively improved due to the strong interaction between the components. However, manganese oxide has a small specific surface area and its use is limited in some respects. The porous manganese oxide can provide larger surface area, enhance the mass transfer process and improve the reaction condition of the active center. At present, the porous manganese oxide and the manganese-based composite oxide are mainly prepared by a template, and the patent CN201910989744.3 takes three-dimensional cellular porous carbon prepared by using bark as a raw material as a framework, MnO grows on the surface of the three-dimensional cellular porous carbon 2 The porous manganese oxide is prepared by a nano structure, but the method is more complicated. Patent CN201710507135.0 uses sodium carboxymethylcellulose as template agent to prepare porous CeO by template method 2 the/MnO/C composite material has good conductivity. However, in these researches, porous manganese oxide is mostly applied to the electrochemical industry, the conductivity of the porous manganese oxide is researched or improved, and the catalytic activity of the porous manganese oxide is less discussed. CN201810137782.1 shows excellent performance in carbon-hydrogen bond activation reaction by using a porous manganese oxide catalyst prepared by using a lipid polymer generated in situ by organic acid and alcohol as a foaming agent. And the patent CN201910684163.9 utilizes manganese salt and amino acid to prepare the porous nano manganese oxide catalyst, thereby providing new possibility for the degradation of volatile organic compounds. However, the gel combustion method is less in research on the preparation of the porous manganese oxide-based composite oxide doped with other metal elements, and particularly the catalytic activity of the porous manganese oxide-based composite oxide is improved by utilizing the strong interaction among multi-component non-noble metals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and composite oxides thereof. The preparation method of the porous manganese oxide and the composite oxide thereof comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a surfactant into the manganese salt or mixed salt concentrated solution, and stirring to form jelly gel;
(2) and then placing the gel in a crucible, and calcining the gel at a high temperature in a muffle furnace at a low heating rate to obtain loose porous manganese oxide or composite manganese oxide.
Preferably, the manganese salt in step (1) is manganese nitrate.
Preferably, the surfactant added in step (1) is any one or two of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Methylcellulose (MC), and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123).
Preferably, the composite salt in the step (1) is a combination of manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate, and a combination of cerium nitrate and cerium nitrate.
Preferably, the calcination conditions in step (2) are: the temperature was raised to 550 ℃ at a rate of 1 ℃/min.
The invention adds surface active agent into manganese salt or its compound salt solution to prepare loose porous manganese oxide and its compound oxide, the method has the following advantages:
(1) the steps are simple, and large-scale production can be realized. Under the action of the surfactant, a large amount of porous manganese oxide-based material can be synthesized in a short time only by stirring, mixing and high-temperature calcining. (2) The prepared material shows excellent catalytic performance in typical VOCs (benzene series) degradation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of inventive example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of inventive example 2.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of inventive example 3.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the catalytic oxidation performance of toluene (space velocity: 60000 mL. g) in example 3 of the present invention −1 ·h −1 )。
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of inventive example 5.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention
Example 1
Accurately measuring 10ml of Mn (NO) 3 ) 2 The solution (50wt%) was combined with 2g HPMC and stirred vigorously at ambient temperature until a gel was formed. Placing the gel in a crucibleHeating the crucible in a muffle furnace at the speed of 1 ℃/min to 550 ℃ for calcining for 4h to obtain a loose product, which is marked as MnO x -HPMC. As a blank control, 10ml of Mn (NO) was taken 3 ) 2 The solution (50wt%) is directly heated to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min and calcined for 4h to obtain the product MnO of the control group x -Blank。
Example 2
Accurately measuring 10ml of Mn (NO) 3 ) 2 The solution (50wt%) was added with 1g of MC and stirred vigorously at ambient temperature until a gel was formed. Placing the gel in a crucible, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, calcining for 4h to obtain a loose product, and marking as MnO x -MC。
Example 3
Dissolving a certain molar weight of cerium nitrate solid in 10ml of Mn (NO) 3 ) 2 Forming a cerium manganese mixed solution (n) in the solution (50wt percent) Ce :n Mn = 10%) and 2g HPMC is added and stirred vigorously at normal temperature until a gel is produced. Placing the gel in a crucible, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, calcining for 4h to obtain a loose product, and recording as Ce 0.1 Mn 0.9 -HPMC. As a blank control, a cerium manganese mixed solution (n) Ce :n Mn = 10%) directly heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min and calcining for 4h to obtain a control product Ce 0.1 Mn 0.9 -Blank。
Example 4
Dissolving a certain molar weight of cerium nitrate solid in 10ml of Mn (NO) 3 ) 2 A cerium manganese mixed solution (n) is formed in the solution (50wt percent) Ce :n Mn = 5%) and 2g P123 was added and stirred vigorously at room temperature until a gel was produced. Placing the gel in a crucible, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, calcining for 4h to obtain a loose product, and recording as Ce 0.05 Mn 0.95 -P123. As a blank control, a cerium manganese mixed solution (n) Ce :n Mn = 5%) is directly heated to 600 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min and calcined for 4h to obtain the product Ce of the control group 0.05 Mn 0.95 -Blank。
Example 5
Dissolving a certain molar weight of cobalt nitrate solid in 10ml of Mn (NO) 3 ) 2 Forming a cobalt manganese mixed solution (n) in the solution (50wt percent) Co :n Mn = 50%) and 2g HPMC is added and stirred vigorously at normal temperature until a gel is produced. Placing the gel in a crucible, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, calcining for 4h to obtain a loose product, and marking as Co 0.5 Mn 0.5 -HPMC. As a blank control, a cerium manganese mixed solution (n) Co :n Mn = 50%) is directly heated to 550 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min and calcined for 4h to obtain a comparison product Co 0.5 Mn 0.5 -Blank。
Claims (3)
1. A method for synthesizing loose porous manganese oxide and composite oxides thereof is characterized in that:
adding a surfactant into a manganese salt or mixed salt solution, and stirring to form jelly gel; secondly, placing the gel in a crucible, and calcining the gel at a high temperature in a muffle furnace at a low heating rate to obtain loose porous manganese oxide or composite manganese oxide.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manganese salt in step (i) is one or more of manganese nitrate and manganese acetate, the composite salt is any combination of manganese salt (manganese nitrate and manganese acetate) and cerium salt (cerium nitrate) and cobalt salt (cobalt nitrate and cobalt acetate), and the surfactant is one or more of HPMC, MC and P123.
3. The method for synthesizing porous manganese oxide and its composite oxide according to claim 1, wherein the calcination conditions in step (ii) are: the heating rate is 0.5-3 ℃/min, the calcination temperature is 500-650 ℃, and the calcination time is 3-6 h.
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CN113318731A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-31 | 中国计量大学 | Preparation method of mesoporous manganese dioxide catalyst |
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2022
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