CN114939308A - Pre-dedusting method for pre-deduster of boiler - Google Patents
Pre-dedusting method for pre-deduster of boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN114939308A CN114939308A CN202210531290.7A CN202210531290A CN114939308A CN 114939308 A CN114939308 A CN 114939308A CN 202210531290 A CN202210531290 A CN 202210531290A CN 114939308 A CN114939308 A CN 114939308A
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- cyclone
- cylinder body
- central
- cylinder
- flue gas
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
A pre-dedusting method for a pre-deduster of a boiler. In the prior art, a filter bag is made of high-temperature sintered metal and is arranged in front of an economizer, the mode has a complex structure, and relates to various subsystems such as a rotary machine and electricity, the reliability is low, and the investment cost is high. The invention comprises the following components: a set of whirlwind device (1), the cone of whirlwind device below is laminated with support cover (8) on support (2), center section of thick bamboo (9) outside above export tube sheet (3) is installed to the cylinder of its bottom, the clearance between cylinder internal diameter and the center section of thick bamboo external diameter is 20-40 millimeters, whirlwind device includes whirlwind entry (11), whirlwind entry upper end becomes the square, its below is circular shape guide vane structure (5), barrel (6) are installed to guide vane structure bottom, guide vane structure includes shroud (13), center pin (11) are installed to the shroud intermediate position, the center pin with the shroud between install a set of blade (12). The invention is used for the pre-dust remover of the boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation and waste incineration power generation, in particular to a pre-dust collector and a pre-dust collection method of a coal-fired boiler.
Background
The burning of coal or other solid fuels in a boiler, including various kinds of garbage, biomass and the like, generates a large amount of fly ash when being burned, and the large amount of fly ash can bring the following adverse effects to enterprises:
1. for a household garbage incineration plant, fly ash is dangerous waste, the fly ash generated by a fluidized bed boiler accounts for about 10-20% of the mass of the incineration waste, a fire grate is about 1.5-4.0%, and each 1 ton of the generated fly ash consumes money of an enterprise for chelation, transportation and landfill;
2. for all power plants, the chief main cause of the abrasion of the heating surface of the tail flue is fly ash, and the erosion of the fly ash on the pipe wall can cause serious abrasion of the economizer pipe and increase the maintenance cost;
3. the coal economizer is frequently blocked due to large fly ash amount, and when the distance between the walls of the coal economizer is small, the dropped coke blocks are clamped in the middle of the walls of the coal economizer, so that the coal economizer can be rapidly blocked, and the machine is forced to be stopped for cleaning; how to reduce the fly ash amount in front of the economizer is a problem to be solved urgently in the power plant at present;
at present, in the prior art, a filter bag is made of high-temperature sintered metal and is arranged in front of an economizer, but the mode has a complex structure, relates to various subsystems such as a rotary machine, electrical control, thermal control and the like, and has low reliability and high investment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pre-dust collector for a boiler and a pre-dust collection method, wherein the structure and the method do not relate to a rotating part, and part of ash is separated from a high-temperature area of the boiler by adopting a cyclone separation principle, so that the final yield of fly ash is reduced, and the aim of recycling the high-temperature separated ash is fulfilled.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a pre-precipitator for a boiler, comprising: the cyclone device comprises a cyclone inlet, the upper end of the cyclone inlet is square, a round guide vane structure is arranged below the cyclone inlet, the bottom of the guide vane structure is provided with a cylinder body, the guide vane structure comprises a shroud ring, the middle position of the shroud ring is provided with a central shaft, a group of vanes are arranged between the central shaft and the shroud ring, the support comprises a support sleeve, and the support sleeves are adjacent and connected through a support shaft.
The outlet tube plate comprises a group of central cylinders, the lengths of the central cylinders in the group are different, the sizes of the same rows are the same, the central cylinders are arranged in parallel, and the bottoms of the central cylinders are fixed with the pore plates.
A pre-deduster for a boiler and a pre-dedusting method thereof, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the upper end of an inlet of a cyclone device is square, the lower part of the inlet of the cyclone device is round, wherein the side length of the square is equal to the diameter of the round, a group of cyclone devices are arranged together in parallel to form a rectangular grid, and the rectangular grid rectifies flue gas and reduces the resistance of the flue gas; respectively and tightly attaching four edges of the grating to the periphery of the tail flue so that all the smoke passes through the grating and does not flow through a gap between the grating and the wall of the tail flue; the cylinder body is rolled by a steel plate or integrally made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic, the upper part of the cylinder body is cylindrical, the lower part of the cylinder body is conical, and the diameter of the cylinder body, the diameter of the shroud ring and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the cyclone inlet are equal; the supporting sleeve is bent by a steel plate, and the inclination angle of the supporting sleeve is consistent with that of the conical section at the lower end of the cylinder body; two ends of the bracket are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the tail flue; the number of the cyclone devices is consistent with that of the central cylinders, the pore plates are arranged in an inclined manner, the upper openings of all the central cylinders are on the same horizontal plane, and the lower openings of the central cylinders are welded with the holes of the pore plates;
the diameter of the central cylinder is smaller than that of the lower opening of the cylinder body, each central cylinder is concentric with the cylinder body and is used as an outlet of clean flue gas of the cyclone device, and a gap between the central cylinder and the cylinder body is used as a discharge port of fly ash;
the flue gas with fly ash enters each cyclone device from the cyclone inlet, the flue gas rotates along the wall of the cylinder under the action of the guide vanes, the fly ash falls down to the pore plate along the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, then slides into the ash bucket, the clean flue gas is discharged along the tube plate and enters a subsequent flue, and the fly ash is separated from the flue gas.
Has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a pre-dust collector and a pre-dust collection method for a boiler, wherein the structure does not relate to a rotating part, and a cyclone separation principle is adopted to separate part of ash from a high-temperature area of the boiler so as to reduce the final yield of fly ash, and meanwhile, the high-temperature separated ash is recycled, so that the environment is purified, and the cost is reduced.
2. The structure of the invention can be arranged between a superheater of a flue at the tail part of a boiler and an economizer, and fly ash in front of the economizer is collected and discharged outside the boiler so as to reduce the subsequent smoke dust content and reduce the abrasion of the fly ash on the economizer, thereby solving the problems of low reliability and high investment cost of various subsystems such as a converter, electricity, heat control and the like caused by the complicated structure of the prior art when the prior art is arranged in front of the economizer.
3. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: if the fly ash catching device is arranged in front of an economizer of a garbage furnace, a part of high-temperature fly ash can be caught, and the tail end hazardous waste disposal quantity is reduced; if the catalyst is arranged in front of the catalyst of the pulverized coal boiler, the abrasion of the flue gas to the catalyst can be reduced, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged; the boiler has the advantages that the boiler can reduce the abrasion of the economizer and prevent the abrasion leakage of the economizer.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone device in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide vane of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stent of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the outlet tube sheet of fig. 1.
Wherein: 1. the cyclone device comprises a cyclone device 2, a support 3, an outlet tube plate 4, a cyclone inlet 5, a guide vane structure 6, a cylinder body 7, a support shaft 8, a support sleeve 9, a central cylinder 10, a pore plate 11, a central shaft 12, vanes 13 and a shroud.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
a pre-precipitator for a boiler, comprising: the cyclone device comprises a group of cyclone devices 1, wherein a cone below the cyclone device is attached to a support sleeve 8 on a support 2, a cylinder at the bottom of the cyclone device is arranged outside a center barrel 9 above an outlet tube plate 3, the inner diameter of the cylinder and the outer diameter of the center barrel are in a gap of 20-40 mm, each cyclone device comprises a cyclone inlet 4, the upper end of each cyclone inlet is square, a circular guide vane 5 structure is arranged below each cyclone inlet, a barrel 6 is arranged at the bottom of each guide vane structure, each guide vane structure comprises a shroud 13, a center shaft 11 is arranged in the middle of the shroud, a group of vanes 12 are arranged between the center shaft and the shroud, the support comprises a support sleeve, and the support sleeves are connected through a support shaft 7.
Example 2:
according to the pre-deduster for boilers in embodiment 1, the outlet tube plate comprises a set of the central cylinders, the lengths of the central cylinders in the set are different, the sizes of the same rows are the same, and the central cylinders are arranged in parallel, and the bottom of the central cylinder is fixed with the orifice plate 10.
Example 3:
the method for pre-dedusting a pre-deduster for a boiler according to embodiments 1-2, comprising the steps of:
firstly, the upper end of an inlet of a cyclone device is square, the lower part of the inlet of the cyclone device is round, wherein the side length of the square is equal to the diameter of the round, a group of cyclone devices are arranged together in parallel to form a rectangular grid, and the rectangular grid rectifies flue gas and reduces the resistance of the flue gas; respectively and tightly attaching four edges of the grating to the periphery of the tail flue so that all the smoke passes through the grating and does not flow through the gap between the grating and the wall of the tail flue; the cylinder body is rolled by a steel plate or integrally made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic, the upper part of the cylinder body is cylindrical, the lower part of the cylinder body is conical, and the diameter of the cylinder body, the diameter of the shroud ring and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the cyclone inlet are equal; the supporting sleeve is formed by bending a steel plate, and the inclination angle of the supporting sleeve is consistent with that of the conical section at the lower end of the cylinder body; two ends of the bracket are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the tail flue; the number of the cyclone devices is consistent with that of the central cylinders, the pore plates are arranged in an inclined manner, the upper openings of all the central cylinders are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the lower openings of the central cylinders are welded with the holes of the pore plates;
the diameter of the central cylinder is smaller than that of the lower opening of the cylinder body, each central cylinder is concentric with the cylinder body and serves as an outlet of clean flue gas of the cyclone device, and a gap between the central cylinder and the cylinder body serves as a discharge port of fly ash;
the flue gas carrying fly ash enters each cyclone device from the cyclone inlet, the flue gas rotates along the wall of the cylinder under the action of the guide vanes, the fly ash falls down to the pore plate along the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force and then slides into the ash hopper, the clean flue gas is discharged along the tube plate and enters a subsequent flue, and the fly ash and the flue gas are separated.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the cyclone device consists of a group of cyclone devices, a bracket and an outlet tube plate; the upper end of the inlet of the cyclone device is square, the lower part of the inlet is round, the side length of the square is equal to the diameter of the round, when all the cyclone devices are arranged in parallel, a rectangular grid is formed, and the grid can play a role in rectifying smoke and reducing smoke resistance; four edges of the grating are respectively and closely attached to the periphery of the tail flue, so that all smoke can pass through the grating and cannot flow through a gap between the grating and the wall of the tail flue;
as shown in the attached figure 2, each cyclone device consists of a cyclone inlet, a guide vane and a cylinder body; the cylinder body is formed by rolling a steel plate or integrally manufacturing high-temperature-resistant ceramics, the upper part of the cylinder body is cylindrical, the lower part of the cylinder body is conical, and the diameter of the cylinder body, the diameter of the shroud ring and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the cyclone inlet are equal;
the flue gas carrying the fly ash enters each cyclone device from the cyclone inlet, the flue gas rotates along the wall of the cylinder under the action of the guide vanes, the fly ash is separated to the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force and falls into the ash hopper, the clean flue gas is discharged along the tube plate and enters the subsequent flue, and the fly ash and the flue gas are separated;
as shown in the attached figure 3, the guide vane consists of a central shaft, vanes and a shroud band, and the angle of the vanes is comprehensively determined according to parameters such as the amount of flue gas passing through the cyclone module, the length of a cylinder body of the cyclone module and the like;
as shown in the attached figure 4, the support is composed of a plurality of support sleeves and support shafts, the support sleeves are formed by bending steel plates, the inclination angles of the support sleeves are consistent with the inclination angle of the conical section at the lower end of the cylinder body, so that the support sleeves and the conical section are tightly attached to play a better support role, and the number of the support sleeves on each support is consistent with that of each row of cyclone devices;
two ends of the bracket are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the tail flue;
as shown in the attached figure 4, the outlet tube plate is formed by welding a plurality of central cylinders and a pore plate, the periphery of the pore plate is positioned on a cross beam in the tail flue of the boiler, the pore plate is obliquely arranged so as to facilitate the discharge of fly ash falling on the pore plate along an inclined plane, the central cylinders with the number consistent with that of the cyclone devices are arranged on the pore plate, the upper openings of all the central cylinders are ensured to be on the same horizontal plane, and the lower openings of the central cylinders are welded with holes of the pore plate;
the diameter of the central cylinder is smaller than that of the lower opening of the cylinder, each pipe section is concentric with the cylinder and serves as an outlet of clean flue gas of the cyclone device, a gap between the central cylinder and the cylinder serves as an outlet of fly ash, and the diameter of the central cylinder is determined according to the flue gas volume of the boiler and the design resistance of the pre-dust collector.
Claims (3)
1. A pre-precipitator for a boiler, comprising: a set of whirlwind device, characterized by: the cyclone device comprises a cyclone inlet, the upper end of the cyclone inlet is square, a circular guide vane structure is arranged below the cyclone inlet, the bottom of the guide vane structure is provided with a cylinder body, the guide vane structure comprises a shroud ring, the middle position of the shroud ring is provided with a central shaft, a group of vanes are arranged between the central shaft and the shroud ring, the support comprises support sleeves, and the adjacent support sleeves are connected through a support shaft.
2. The pre-precipitator for a boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet tube plate comprises a group of central cylinders, the length of the central cylinders is different, the same row size is the same, the central cylinders are arranged in parallel, and the bottoms of the central cylinders are fixed with the pore plate.
3. A pre-dedusting method for a pre-deduster of a boiler according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the upper end of an inlet of a cyclone device is square, the lower part of the inlet of the cyclone device is round, wherein the side length of the square is equal to the diameter of the round, a group of cyclone devices are arranged together in parallel to form a rectangular grid, and the rectangular grid rectifies flue gas and reduces the resistance of the flue gas; respectively and tightly attaching four edges of the grating to the periphery of the tail flue so that all the smoke passes through the grating and does not flow through the gap between the grating and the wall of the tail flue; the cylinder body is rolled by a steel plate or integrally made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic, the upper part of the cylinder body is cylindrical, the lower part of the cylinder body is conical, and the diameter of the cylinder body, the diameter of the shroud ring and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the cyclone inlet are equal; the supporting sleeve is formed by bending a steel plate, and the inclination angle of the supporting sleeve is consistent with that of the conical section at the lower end of the cylinder body; two ends of the bracket are arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the tail flue; the number of the cyclone devices is consistent with that of the central cylinders, the pore plates are arranged in an inclined manner, the upper openings of all the central cylinders are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the lower openings of the central cylinders are welded with the holes of the pore plates;
the diameter of the central cylinder is smaller than that of the lower opening of the cylinder body, each central cylinder is concentric with the cylinder body and serves as an outlet of clean flue gas of the cyclone device, and a gap between the central cylinder and the cylinder body serves as a discharge port of fly ash;
the flue gas carrying fly ash enters each cyclone device from the cyclone inlet, the flue gas rotates along the wall of the cylinder under the action of the guide vanes, the fly ash falls down to the pore plate along the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force and then slides into the ash hopper, the clean flue gas is discharged along the tube plate and enters a subsequent flue, and the fly ash and the flue gas are separated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210531290.7A CN114939308B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Pre-dedusting method for pre-deduster of boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210531290.7A CN114939308B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Pre-dedusting method for pre-deduster of boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114939308A true CN114939308A (en) | 2022-08-26 |
| CN114939308B CN114939308B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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| CN210302775U (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-04-14 | 江苏盛达环保设备有限公司 | Novel cyclone dust collector |
| CN111853765A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南天通环保科技有限公司 | Lower exhaust multi-pipe separator of low-calorific-value fuel circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN213409077U (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-06-11 | 中国电建集团福建工程有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler separator structure capable of reducing bed temperature and ultralow emission |
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| CN101053858A (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-17 | 三星电子株式会社 | Cyclone and cyclone air purifier and method of air purification thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114939308B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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