CN114938061A - Charging and discharging circuit and terminal equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of batteries and provides a charging and discharging circuit and terminal equipment. The charging and discharging circuit comprises a battery, a first voltage regulating unit and a second voltage regulating unit, wherein the battery can be formed by connecting a plurality of high-energy-density battery cores in series, so that the battery has the advantages of high energy density and high capacity; the output voltage of the battery is reduced through the first voltage regulating unit to obtain a first reduced voltage, so that the situation that the output voltage of the battery which is too high is directly input into a load can be avoided; when the first reduced voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, the first reduced voltage is boosted through the second voltage adjusting unit, the first power supply voltage is obtained and output to the load, adaptive voltage reduction is carried out on the output voltage of the battery to adapt to the working voltage of the load, the output voltage of each battery cell can be low enough, the hardware advantage of high energy density of the battery is fully played, the discharging depth of the battery is improved, and the cruising ability of the load is improved.

Description

Charging and discharging circuit and terminal equipment

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a charging and discharging circuit and terminal equipment.

Background

With the continuous improvement And development of Lithium ion battery (Lithium Lon Cells And Batteries) technology, the Lithium ion battery has become more And more widely applied in different fields, And the Lithium ion battery can be applied to electronic equipment such as mobile phones, notebook computers And cameras, And also can be applied to electric equipment such as electric bicycles, electric automobiles And electric airplanes. At present, a carbon material is generally adopted by a lithium ion battery as a negative electrode, the carbon negative electrode has the advantages of low cost, high discharge stability and the like, and the Specific Capacity (Specific Capacity) of the carbon negative electrode lithium ion battery is low, so that the energy density of the lithium ion battery is limited.

At present, each large battery manufacturer and terminal manufacturer try to select a novel material as the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery, for example, the silicon material is adopted as the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery, compared with the carbon negative electrode lithium ion battery, the depth of discharge of the lithium ion battery can be reduced, the silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery can release electric quantity under lower output voltage, the energy density of the lithium ion battery can be effectively improved, and therefore larger battery capacity can be realized under the same battery volume. The discharge depth of the lithium ion battery is reduced, so that the output voltage is reduced, and when the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is smaller than the rated working voltage of part of components in the electric equipment, the performance of the components is easily reduced.

At present, when a silicon cathode lithium ion battery is generally used, the silicon cathode lithium ion battery and a carbon cathode lithium ion battery are connected in series to be used for improving output voltage, and the energy density of a series battery pack is slightly improved due to the limitation of the energy density of the carbon cathode lithium ion battery. Therefore, how to increase the energy density of the lithium ion battery becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a charging and discharging circuit and a terminal device, so as to solve the problem that the energy density of a lithium ion battery is low.

A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a charge and discharge circuit, including a battery, a first voltage regulation unit, and a second voltage regulation unit;

the first voltage regulating unit is respectively connected with the battery and the second voltage regulating unit;

the first voltage regulating unit is used for reducing the output voltage of the battery to obtain a first reduced voltage and outputting the first reduced voltage to the second voltage regulating unit;

the second voltage regulating unit is respectively connected with a load and the first voltage regulating unit;

the second voltage regulating unit is used for boosting the first reduced voltage when the first reduced voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage and outputting the first power supply voltage to the load;

when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, outputting the first step-down voltage to the load;

the battery is formed by connecting at least two battery cells in series.

A first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a charging and discharging circuit, including a battery, a first voltage regulating unit, and a second voltage regulating unit, where the battery may be formed by connecting a plurality of high energy density battery cells in series, so that the battery has the advantages of high energy density and high capacity; the output voltage of the battery is reduced through the first voltage regulating unit to obtain a first reduced voltage, so that the situation that the output voltage of the battery which is too high is directly input into a load can be avoided; when the first reduced voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, the second voltage adjusting unit boosts the first reduced voltage to obtain the first power supply voltage and outputs the first power supply voltage to the load, adaptive reduction of the output voltage of the battery is achieved to adapt to the working voltage of the load, the output voltage of each battery cell can be low enough, the advantage of hardware with high energy density of the battery is fully played, the discharging depth of the battery is improved, and the cruising ability of the load is improved.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a terminal device, including a load and the charge and discharge circuit provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, where the charge and discharge circuit is connected to the load.

It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect can be referred to the related description of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a seventh structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is an eighth structural schematic diagram of a charge and discharge circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a ninth structure of a charge and discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a second structural schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to" determining "or" in response to detecting ". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".

Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.

In application, by selecting a novel material (such as a silicon-based material, graphene, a tin alloy, a tin oxide and the like) as the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery, the discharge depth of the lithium ion battery can be reduced, and the energy density of the lithium ion battery is effectively improved, so that larger battery capacity is realized under the same battery volume. When the output voltage of the lithium ion battery is lower than the rated working voltage of part of components in the electric equipment, the performance of the components is easy to be reduced, and at present, when the silicon cathode lithium ion battery is used, the silicon cathode lithium ion battery and the carbon cathode lithium ion battery are connected in series to improve the output voltage, but the energy density of the series battery is limited by the energy density of the carbon cathode lithium ion battery, so that the energy density of the series battery pack is improved slightly. Therefore, how to increase the energy density of the lithium ion battery becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

In view of the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a charge and discharge circuit, including a battery, a first voltage regulating unit, and a second voltage regulating unit, where the battery may be formed by connecting a plurality of high energy density battery cells in series, so that the battery has the advantages of high energy density and high capacity; the output voltage of the battery is reduced through the first voltage regulating unit to obtain a first reduced voltage, so that the situation that the output voltage of the battery which is too high is directly input into a load can be avoided; when the first reduced voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, the second voltage adjusting unit boosts the first reduced voltage to obtain the first power supply voltage and outputs the first power supply voltage to the load, adaptive reduction of the output voltage of the battery is achieved to adapt to the working voltage of the load, the output voltage of each battery cell can be low enough, the advantage of hardware with high energy density of the battery is fully played, the discharging depth of the battery is improved, and the cruising ability of the load is improved.

The charging and discharging circuit provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminal equipment provided with a battery. The terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) device, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and the like, and the specific type of the terminal device is not limited in this embodiment.

Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic structure of a terminal device 100, the terminal device 100 may include a power module 110 and a load 120, the power module 110 may include a battery 111, and the load 120 may include a processor 10, a memory 20, an audio module 30, a camera module 40, a sensor module 50, an input module 60, a display module 70, a wireless communication module 80, and the like. The audio module 30 may include a speaker 31, a microphone 32, and the like, the camera module 40 may include a short-focus camera 41, a long-focus camera 42, a flash 43, and the like, the sensor module 50 may include an infrared sensor 51, an acceleration sensor 52, a position sensor 53, a fingerprint sensor 54, an iris sensor 55, and the like, the input module 60 may include a touch panel 61, an external input unit 62, and the like, and the Wireless Communication module 80 may include Wireless Communication units such as bluetooth, Optical Wireless Communication (Optical Wireless), Mobile Communication (Mobile Communications), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Near Field Communication (NFC), and ZigBee protocol (ZigBee).

In application, the battery 111 may be formed by connecting at least two battery cells in series, specifically, may be a battery formed by connecting two battery cells in series, and compared with a single battery cell, under the same working condition, the output voltage of the battery formed by connecting two battery cells in series is about twice of the output voltage of the single battery cell, and the battery has the characteristics of large battery capacity and high output voltage; the material of the negative electrode of the battery 111 may be a carbon material, specifically, an artificial graphite material or a natural graphite material; or a non-carbon material, specifically, a silicon-based material, an alloy material, a metal oxide material, or the like. The battery 111 may specifically include a first battery cell and a second battery cell, where the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected in series, and a negative electrode of the first battery cell and a negative electrode of the second battery cell are made of a silicon material, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit any specific type of the battery 111. The power module 110 may further include a Coulomb Counter (Coulomb Counter), which may be configured to detect a remaining power of the battery 111 and may also be configured to detect an output voltage of the battery 111. The power module 110 is used to supply power to a load 120 of the terminal device 100 through a battery 111.

In an Application, the Processor 10 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processor may also be other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and so on. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

In application, the storage 20 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device in some embodiments, for example, a hard disk or a memory of the terminal device. The memory 20 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like provided on the terminal device. Further, the memory 20 may also include both an internal storage unit of the terminal device and an external storage device. The memory 20 is used for storing an operating system, an application program, a BootLoader (BootLoader), data, and other programs, such as program codes of a computer program. The memory 20 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

It is to be understood that the illustrated structure of the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation to the terminal device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the terminal device 100 may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some of the components may be combined, or different components, such as a graphics processor, etc. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

As shown in fig. 2, the charging and discharging circuit 200 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery 111, a first voltage regulating unit 210, and a second voltage regulating unit 220;

the first voltage adjusting unit 210 is connected to the battery 111 and the second voltage adjusting unit 220, respectively;

the first voltage regulating unit 210 is configured to step down an output voltage of the battery 111 to obtain a first step-down voltage, and output the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220;

the second voltage adjusting unit 220 is connected to the load 120 and the first voltage adjusting unit 210, respectively;

the second voltage regulating unit 220 is configured to boost the first step-down voltage when the first step-down voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage, obtain a first power supply voltage, and output the first power supply voltage to the load 120;

when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, outputting the first step-down voltage to the load 120;

the battery 111 is formed by connecting at least two battery cells in series.

In an application, the first voltage regulating unit 210 may include at least one voltage step-down device and at least one voltage step-up device, or at least one voltage step-down device. The voltage reduction device can be different types of voltage reduction devices such as a voltage reduction type DC/DC Converter (Direct Current-Direct Current Converter), a voltage reduction capacitor, a resistance-capacitance voltage reducer, a Current limiting resistor or a voltage reduction integrated chip and the like; the boosting device can be different types of boosting devices such as a boosting type DC/DC converter, a boosting voltage stabilizer or a boosting integrated chip; the buck-boost device can be different types of buck-boost devices such as a buck-boost DC/DC converter or a buck-boost integrated chip. Each voltage reducing device/voltage boosting device can realize different voltage reducing times/voltage boosting times, or the voltage reducing times/voltage boosting times of the voltage reducing devices/voltage boosting devices can be adjusted according to actual needs; each buck-boost device can also realize different buck-boost multiples or can adjust the buck-boost multiple according to actual needs to realize nimble buck/boost effect.

In application, the second voltage regulating unit 220 may include at least one boosting device, and the type of the boosting device is the same as that of the boosting device, which is not described herein again.

The operation principle of the charge and discharge circuit 200 is explained as follows:

the first voltage regulating unit 210 is directly connected to the battery 111, and steps down the output voltage of the battery 111 to obtain a first step-down voltage, and sends the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220, and the first step-down voltage is less than or equal to the maximum working voltage of the load 120 by stepping down the output voltage of the battery 111 formed by connecting the two cells in series, so as to prevent the output voltage of the battery 111, which is too high, from being directly input to the load 120; the second voltage adjusting unit 220 may determine whether the first step-down voltage is less than a preset power supply voltage, and when the first step-down voltage is less than the preset power supply voltage, may boost the first step-down voltage to obtain the first power supply voltage, and output the first power supply voltage to the load 120, so as to supply power to the load 120, where the first power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage and less than or equal to a maximum working voltage of the load 120, so that the first power supply voltage may prevent the load 120 from being damaged by an excessively high voltage while ensuring stable release of performance of the load 120;

the preset power supply voltage may be set according to the working voltage of the load 120; taking a battery 111 formed by connecting two electric cores in series by using a silicon material as a cathode and a load 120 mounted on the terminal device 100 as an example, an output voltage interval of the battery 111 is 5V to 6V, an operating voltage interval of the load 120 is 3.4V to 5V (the maximum operating voltage is 5V), and the preset power supply voltage can be set to any voltage value between 3.4V and 5V; assuming that the output voltage of the battery 111 is 6V and the preset power supply voltage is 3.4V, the transformation multiple of the first voltage regulating unit 210 needs to be less than or equal to 5/6 and greater than 0, if the transformation multiple is 1/2, the first step-down voltage is 3V, and the step-up multiple of the second voltage regulating unit 220 needs to be greater than or equal to 17/15 and less than or equal to 5/3, and if the step-up multiple of the second voltage regulating unit 220 is 17/15, the first power supply voltage is 3.4V.

In one embodiment, the second voltage regulating unit 220 includes a first sub-regulating unit 221, the load 120 includes a first load 121;

the first sub-regulation unit 221 is connected to the first load 121 and the first voltage regulation unit 210, respectively;

the first sub-regulation unit 221 is configured to boost the first step-down voltage when the first step-down voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage, obtain a first power supply voltage, and output the first power supply voltage to the first load 121;

when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, the first step-down voltage is output to the first load 121.

In application, the first sub-regulating unit 221 may include a voltage boosting sub-unit 2211 and a Bypass (Bypass) sub-unit 2212, the voltage boosting sub-unit 2211 and the Bypass sub-unit 2212 are respectively connected to the first voltage regulating unit 210, the voltage boosting sub-unit 2211 is connected to the first load 121, when the first step-down voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, the first step-down voltage is boosted to obtain the first power supply voltage and output the first power supply voltage to the first load 121, and the operation principle of the voltage boosting sub-unit 2211 may refer to the related description of the second voltage regulating unit 220, which is not described herein again; the bypass sub-unit 2212 is connected to the first load 121, and directly outputs the first step-down voltage to the first load 121 when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, and the operation principle of the bypass sub-unit 2212 will be described below.

In application, the second voltage regulating unit 220 may determine whether the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to a preset power supply voltage, when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage (for example, the preset power supply voltage is 3.4V, and a working voltage range of the first load 121 is 3.4V to 5V, and then when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to 3.4V), the second voltage regulating unit 220 does not need to boost the first step-down voltage, may receive the first step-down voltage through the bypass subunit 2212 and directly output the first step-down voltage to the first load 121, so as to supply power to the first load 121, and may prevent the first load 121 from being damaged due to an excessively high voltage while ensuring stable release of performance of the first load 121.

In application, the second voltage regulation unit 220 may include at least one first sub-regulation unit 221, each first sub-regulation unit 221 may be connected in parallel and output a first supply voltage with the same voltage value, current values of the first supply voltages output by each first sub-regulation unit 221 may be overlapped to meet a current requirement of the first load 121, the number of the first sub-regulation units 221 may be determined according to the current requirement of an actual load, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on the specific number of the first sub-regulation units 221.

Fig. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic structure when the second voltage regulating unit 220 includes at least one first sub-regulating unit 221, and each first sub-regulating unit 221 includes a voltage boosting unit 2211 and a bypass unit 2212.

In one embodiment, the second voltage regulating unit 220 further includes a second sub-regulating unit 222, and the load 120 further includes a second load 122;

the second sub-regulation unit 222 is connected to the second load 122 and the first voltage regulation unit 210, respectively;

the second sub-regulation unit 222 is configured to output the first step-down voltage to the second load 122 when the first step-down voltage is less than the preset supply voltage.

In an application, the load 120 may include a first load 121 and a second load 122, an average operating voltage of the second load 122 is less than an average operating voltage of the first load 121, specifically, the operating voltage of the first load 121 may be greater than or equal to a preset power supply voltage (for example, the operating voltage range is 3.4V to 5V), and the operating voltage of the second load may be less than the preset power supply voltage (for example, the operating voltage range is 2.5V to 3.4V). The embodiment of the present application does not set any limit to the specific operating voltage intervals of the first load and the second load.

In application, the second voltage regulating unit 220 may further include a second sub-regulating unit 222, and the second sub-regulating unit 222 may determine whether the first step-down voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage, and directly output the first step-down voltage to the second load 122 when the first step-down voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, so as to supply power to the second load 122, thereby ensuring stable performance release of the second load 122 with a lower operating voltage range, and avoiding damage to the second load 122 due to an excessively high voltage.

Fig. 4 exemplarily shows a schematic structure of the second voltage regulating unit 220 when it includes a second sub-regulating unit 222 and at least one first sub-regulating unit 221.

In one embodiment, the first voltage regulating unit 210 is a charge pump, and the first voltage regulating unit 210 is configured to be connected to the battery 111, step down the output voltage of the battery 111 according to a preset step-down multiple, obtain a first step-down voltage, and send the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220.

In application, the first voltage regulating unit 210 may further select a Charge Pump (Charge Pump) as a voltage boosting/reducing device, and the voltage boosting/reducing speed may be increased by a fixed voltage transformation multiple, and loss caused by voltage boosting/reducing may be reduced, so as to improve the discharging efficiency of the battery 111.

In application, when a high energy density battery cell is used, a plurality of battery cells may be connected in series to form a high energy density and high capacity battery 111, and the output voltage of the battery 111 is adaptively reduced according to the working voltage of the load 120 through the charge and discharge circuit 200, so that the output voltage of each battery cell may be sufficiently low to fully exert the advantage of hardware with high energy density, wherein the charge and discharge circuit 200 may reduce the output voltage of the battery 111 through the first voltage adjusting unit 210 to obtain a first reduced voltage and send the first reduced voltage to the second voltage adjusting unit 220, so that the first reduced voltage may be less than or equal to the maximum working voltage of the load 120, so as to prevent the output voltage of the battery 111, which is too high, from being directly input to the load 120; when the first step-down voltage is lower than the preset power supply voltage, the second voltage regulating unit 220 steps up the first step-down voltage to obtain the first power supply voltage and outputs the first power supply voltage to the load 120, so that the first power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, the output voltage of the battery 111 is adjusted to be adapted to the working voltage of the load 120 through the charging and discharging circuit 200, the discharging depth of the battery 111 is increased, the energy density of the battery 111 is increased, and the cruising ability of the load 120 is improved.

As shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment, based on the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, the power supply device further includes a charging and discharging chip 230, where the charging and discharging chip 230 is connected to the power supply device 300 and the second voltage regulating unit 220 respectively;

the charging and discharging chip 230 is configured to step down the power voltage of the power supply device 300 to obtain a second step-down voltage, and output the second step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220.

In application, the charging and discharging chip 230 may be an Integrated Circuit (IC) having functions of supplying power, normally charging, or pre-charging, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the charging and discharging chip 230.

In application, when the charging and discharging chip 230 is connected to the power supply device 300 and receives the power supply voltage output by the power supply device 300, the charging and discharging chip may step down the power supply voltage to obtain a second step-down voltage, and output the second step-down voltage to the second voltage adjusting unit 220, so that the second voltage adjusting unit 220 may process the second step-down voltage and supply power to the load, and the following describes an operation principle when the second voltage adjusting unit 220 processes the second step-down voltage.

In one embodiment, the second voltage adjusting unit 220 is configured to output the second step-down voltage to the load when the second step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset supply voltage;

and when the second reduced voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, boosting the second reduced voltage to obtain a second power supply voltage and outputting the second power supply voltage to the load.

In application, the second voltage adjusting unit 220 may process the second dropped voltage in parallel through the first sub-adjusting unit 221 and the second sub-adjusting unit 222. The operation principle of the first sub-adjusting unit 221 and the second sub-adjusting unit 222 will be described below.

In application, the first sub-regulation unit 221 may determine whether the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to a preset power supply voltage, and when the first step-down voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, the first step-down voltage is boosted by the voltage boost sub-unit 2211 to obtain the first power supply voltage and output the first power supply voltage to the first load 121, so as to ensure that a sufficiently large voltage (the first power supply voltage is greater than the preset power supply voltage) is supplied to the first load 121; when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, it indicates that the first step-down voltage does not need to be boosted, and the first step-down voltage may be received by the bypass subunit 2212 and directly output to the load, so as to directly supply power to the first load 121.

In application, the charge and discharge chip 230 may have an overvoltage protection unit built therein, or an overvoltage protection unit may be connected between the charge and discharge chip 230 and the power device 300. The overvoltage preventing unit may detect whether the power voltage is greater than a preset power voltage, and may block the power voltage from being input to the charge and discharge chip 230 when the power voltage is greater than the preset power voltage; when the power voltage is less than or equal to the preset power voltage, the charging and discharging chip 230 may generate a second step-down voltage according to the power voltage. The preset power voltage may be set according to a maximum voltage value that can be accepted by the actual charging and discharging chip 230, for example, 20V, 18V, 15V, 10V, or 5V, and the specific magnitude of the preset power voltage is not limited in this embodiment of the application.

In application, the output voltage of the external power device 300 is obtained through the charging and discharging chip 230, and the output voltage is processed to obtain a second step-down voltage, so that the charging and discharging circuit 200 can supply power to a load through the external power device 300, and the flexibility of supplying power to the load by the charging and discharging circuit 200 is improved.

As shown in fig. 6, in an embodiment, based on the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5, the charging and discharging chip 230 is further connected to the first voltage regulating unit 210;

the charge and discharge chip 230 is configured to step down the power voltage of the power supply device 300 to obtain a second step-down voltage, and output the second step-down voltage to the first voltage regulating unit 210 and the second voltage regulating unit 220.

In application, the charging and discharging chip 230 may further output the second step-down voltage to the first voltage regulating unit 210 to charge the battery 111. It should be noted that the charging and discharging chip 230 preferentially outputs the second step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220, so as to ensure the power supply of the load. Specifically, when the second step-down voltage is all output to the second voltage regulating unit 220, the charge and discharge chip 230 does not output the second step-down voltage to the first voltage regulating unit 210; when the second step-down voltage is not completely output to the second voltage adjusting unit 220, the charge and discharge chip 230 may output the remaining second step-down voltage to the first voltage adjusting unit 210, so as to charge the battery 111 while supplying power to the load, thereby improving the utilization rate of the power supply voltage.

In application, the first voltage regulating unit 210 may obtain the magnitude of the output voltage of the battery 111 and send the magnitude of the output voltage to the charge and discharge chip 230, the charge and discharge chip 230 may determine a charge mode according to the output voltage of the battery 111, and the magnitudes of the second step-down voltages corresponding to different charge modes may be different. Specifically, when the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, the battery 111 is charged using a normal charging mode; when the output voltage of the battery 111 is smaller than the preset output voltage, the battery 111 is charged in the pre-charging mode, wherein the second step-down voltage corresponding to the pre-charging mode is smaller than the second step-down voltage corresponding to the common charging mode, and the lower second step-down voltage can be output when the output voltage is lower, so that the battery 111 is prevented from being damaged by the overhigh voltage, and the charging safety is improved.

In one embodiment, the first voltage regulating unit 210 is configured to output the second step-down voltage to the battery 111 when the second step-down voltage is greater than or equal to a preset charging voltage;

when the second step-down voltage is smaller than the preset charging voltage, the second step-down voltage is boosted to obtain a charging voltage and output to the battery 111.

In an application, the preset charging voltage may be greater than or equal to the lowest discharging voltage of the battery 111 (taking the battery 111 formed by connecting two cells in series and using a silicon material as a negative electrode as an example, the lowest discharging voltage of a single cell is 2.5V, and then the lowest discharging voltage of the battery 111 is 2.5V × 2 — 5V), and the embodiment of the present application does not set any limitation to the specific magnitude of the preset charging voltage.

In application, the first voltage adjusting unit 210 may increase the charging speed of the battery 111 by controlling the second step-down voltage or the charging voltage to be greater than or equal to a preset charging voltage.

In one embodiment, the charging and discharging chip 230 is further configured to receive the first step-down voltage output by the first voltage regulating unit 210 and output the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220.

In application, when the charge and discharge chip 230 is disposed between the second voltage regulating unit 220 and the first voltage regulating unit 210, the charge and discharge chip 230 may receive the first step-down voltage output by the first voltage regulating unit 210 and output the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit 220.

In application, the charging and discharging chip 230 may further perform voltage stabilization and/or filtering processing on the first step-down voltage, so as to improve power supply stability to the load.

As shown in fig. 7, in an embodiment, based on the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6, the power supply device further includes an isolation unit 240, and the isolation unit 240 is connected to the power supply device 300, the first voltage regulating unit 210, and the battery 111;

the first voltage adjusting unit 210 is configured to generate a turn-on signal according to the output voltage or the power voltage of the power supply device 300, and send the turn-on signal to the isolating unit 240;

the isolation unit 240 is configured to receive a power supply voltage according to the conduction signal and output the power supply voltage to the battery 111.

In an application, the isolation unit 240 may be a component, a circuit, or a chip for implementing a voltage isolation function, and the embodiment of the present application does not set any limitation to a specific structure of the isolation unit 240.

In application, when the isolation unit 240 is connected to the external power device 300, the charge-discharge chip 230 may read parameters of the power device 300 to determine whether the power device 300 supports a preset fast charge protocol; alternatively, the charge and discharge chip 230 may determine whether the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charge protocol according to the magnitude of the power supply voltage of the power supply device 300.

In application, when the power supply device 300 supports a preset fast charging protocol, the charge and discharge chip 230 may send a fast charging signal to the first voltage adjusting unit 210, and the first voltage adjusting unit 210 may generate a conducting signal according to the second step-down voltage or the power voltage, specifically, when the charge and discharge chip 230 receives the power voltage, the power voltage may be converted into the second step-down voltage and sent to the first voltage adjusting unit 210, when the first voltage adjusting unit 210 receives the second step-down voltage, the second step-down voltage may be converted into the conducting signal, and specifically, the second step-down voltage may be boosted to obtain the conducting signal; when the first voltage regulating unit 210 does not receive the second step-down voltage, the output voltage of the battery 111 may be converted into a turn-on signal, and specifically, the second step-down voltage may be boosted to obtain the turn-on signal. It should be noted that when the first voltage regulating unit 210 converts the output voltage of the battery 111 into the conduction signal, the conduction signal is only used for conducting the isolation module, and does not need to drive the load to work, so that the current consumption is small, the power consumption of the battery 111 is small, and the isolation unit 240 can be conducted when receiving the conduction signal, receive the power voltage and output the power voltage to the battery 111, so as to quickly charge the battery 111, and improve the charging efficiency of the battery 111.

In an application, the conducting signal may be a high level signal or a low level signal, and the isolation unit 240 may change an on/off state in response to the conducting signal. Specifically, when the conducting signal is a high level signal, the isolating unit 240 may be turned on when receiving the high level signal, and turned off when receiving the low level signal; when the on signal is a low level signal, the isolation unit 240 may be turned on when receiving the low level signal and turned off when receiving a high level signal. When the charging and discharging circuit 200 is applied to a terminal device, the maximum voltage output by a processor of the terminal device is usually 5V, and the voltage of a high-level signal (for example, 12V) is usually higher than the maximum voltage that the processor can output, so that the first voltage adjusting unit 210 generates the high-level signal to control the isolation unit 240 to be turned on or off, and the control stability of the isolation unit 240 can be improved, thereby improving the operation stability of the charging and discharging circuit 200.

In one embodiment, the isolation unit 240 is further configured to block the power voltage from being output to the battery 111 and block the output voltage from being transmitted to the power device 300 when the turn-on signal is not received.

In application, the first voltage adjusting unit 210 may also determine whether to generate the on signal according to the magnitude of the output voltage of the battery 111. Specifically, when the output voltage is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, it indicates that the output voltage of the battery 111 is large enough currently, and the battery 111 can be charged quickly, and the first voltage adjusting unit 210 may generate a conducting signal according to the output voltage or the power voltage of the power supply device 300, and send the conducting signal to the isolating unit 240; when the output voltage is less than the preset output voltage, which indicates that the output voltage of the battery 111 is too low, the first voltage regulating unit 210 stops generating the turn-on signal according to the output voltage or the power voltage of the power supply apparatus 300.

In application, the isolation unit 240 may be turned on when receiving the turn-on signal, receive the power voltage and output the power voltage to the battery 111, so as to rapidly charge the battery 111; the power supply device is disconnected when the conduction signal is not received, the output of the power supply voltage to the battery 111 is blocked, the battery 111 is prevented from being rapidly charged when the output voltage of the battery 111 is smaller than the preset output voltage, so that the power utilization risks of rapid temperature rise, liquid leakage and even explosion of the battery 111 are reduced, the output voltage of the battery 111 is blocked from being reversely output to the power supply device 300, the power supply device 300 is prevented from generating electric leakage and the like, and the power utilization safety is improved.

It should be noted that, when the battery 111 is rapidly charged through the isolation unit 240, the first voltage adjustment unit 210 may stop charging the battery 111, so as to avoid that the charging voltage of the battery 111 is too high due to charging the battery 111 through the isolation unit 240 and the first voltage adjustment unit 210 at the same time, so as to improve the safety of charging the battery 111.

In one embodiment, the isolation unit 240 includes a first electronic switch 241 and a second electronic switch 242, a first end of the first electronic switch 241 is connected to the power supply device 300, a second end of the first electronic switch 241 is connected to a first end of the second electronic switch 242, a control end of the first electronic switch 241 and a control end of the second electronic switch 242 are respectively connected to the first voltage regulating unit 210, and a second end of the second electronic switch 242 is used for connecting to the battery 111.

In an application, the isolation unit 240 may include a first electronic switch 241 and a second electronic switch 242, and the electronic switches may be devices or circuits having an electronic switching function, such as a triode, a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), or a complex logic gate circuit, and specifically, may be a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).

In application, the control terminal of the first electronic switch 241 and the control terminal of the second electronic switch 242 are used for receiving a turn-on signal, the first electronic switch 241 is used for receiving a power supply voltage when being turned on and sending the power supply voltage to the second electronic switch 242, and the second electronic switch 242 is used for outputting the power supply voltage to the battery 111 when being turned on; the first electronic switch 241 is further configured to block the power voltage from being transmitted to the second electronic switch 242 when being turned off, and the second electronic switch 242 is further configured to block the output voltage from being transmitted to the first electronic switch 241 when being turned off, so that the bidirectional isolation between the power supply device 300 and the battery 111 is realized when the isolation unit 240 is turned off, and the isolation unit 240 is formed by the first electronic switch 241 and the second electronic switch 242, so that the structure is simple, the operation is stable, and the overall stability of the charging and discharging circuit 200 can be improved.

Fig. 8 exemplarily shows a schematic structure of the charge and discharge circuit 200 when the isolation unit 240 is composed of the first electronic switch 241 and the second electronic switch 242.

As shown in fig. 9, in an embodiment, based on the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6, the battery charger further includes a voltage reducing unit 250, and the voltage reducing unit 250 is respectively connected to the power supply device 300 and the battery 111;

the voltage reducing unit 250 is configured to receive the power voltage and reduce the power voltage to obtain a third reduced voltage, and output the third reduced voltage to the battery 111.

In application, the voltage dropping unit 250 may include at least one voltage dropping device, and the type of the voltage dropping device is the same as that of the voltage dropping device of the first voltage regulating unit 210, which is not described herein again. The difference is that the voltage reduction unit 250 may select a voltage reduction charge pump as a voltage reduction device, the voltage reduction speed may be increased by a fixed voltage reduction multiple, and the loss caused by voltage reduction may be reduced, thereby increasing the charging efficiency of the battery 111.

In application, when the voltage reducing unit 250 is connected to the external power device 300, the voltage reducing unit 250 may read a parameter of the power device 300 to determine whether the power device 300 supports a preset fast charging protocol; alternatively, the charging and discharging chip 230 may determine whether the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charging protocol according to the magnitude of the power supply voltage of the power supply device 300.

In application, when power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charge protocol, voltage reduction unit 250 may receive power voltage, and reduce the voltage of the power voltage, because when power is kept unchanged, the voltage is reduced, the current is increased, thereby when a third reduced voltage is obtained and output to battery 111, the fast charge to battery 111 may be realized through a low-voltage high-current mode, the charging speed of battery 111 may be greatly increased, and the discharge of battery 111 is not affected, the fast charge and the stable discharge of battery 111 may be simultaneously realized, thereby ensuring the stable performance release of the load.

As shown in fig. 10, in an embodiment, based on the embodiment corresponding to fig. 7, the battery further includes a control unit 260, and the control unit 260 is respectively connected to the battery 111, the second voltage regulating unit 220, and the charging/discharging chip 230;

the control unit 260 is configured to receive a preset power supply voltage adjustment signal and send the preset power supply voltage adjustment signal to the second voltage adjustment unit 220;

the second voltage adjusting unit 220 is configured to determine a preset power supply voltage according to the preset power supply voltage adjusting signal;

when the power supply device 300 supports a preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to a preset output voltage, sending a fast charge signal to the charge and discharge chip 230;

when the power supply device 300 does not support the preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, sending a common charge signal to the charge and discharge chip 230;

when the output voltage of the battery 111 is less than the preset output voltage, a pre-charge signal is sent to the charge and discharge chip 230.

In application, the charging and discharging circuit 200 may further include a control unit 260, and the control unit 260 may be a central processing unit, and may also be other general processors, digital signal processors, application specific integrated circuits, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The control unit 260 may be connected to the processor of the terminal device, or may directly multiplex the processor of the terminal device.

In application, the processor of the terminal device may receive a preset power supply voltage adjustment signal sent by a user, and when the control unit 260 is connected with the processor of the terminal device, the processor forwards the preset power supply voltage adjustment signal to the control unit 260; when the control unit 260 multiplexes the processors, the received preset supply voltage adjustment signal may be directly forwarded to the second voltage adjustment unit 220. The preset power supply voltage adjusting signal carries an uncorrected preset power supply voltage.

In application, the second voltage regulating unit 220 may obtain an uncorrected preset supply voltage according to the preset supply voltage modulation signal, and when the uncorrected preset supply voltage is located in the working voltage interval of the first load 121, the uncorrected preset supply voltage may be directly sent to the first sub-regulating unit 221 and the second sub-regulating unit 222, so that the first sub-regulating unit 221 and the second sub-regulating unit 222 process the first step-down voltage according to the uncorrected preset supply voltage; when the uncorrected preset supply voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the first load 121 or less than the minimum operating voltage of the first load 121, the maximum operating voltage of the first load 121 is taken as the preset supply voltage and transmitted to the first sub-regulation unit 221 and the second sub-regulation unit 222.

In application, when the charge and discharge circuit 200 is equipped with the control unit 260, the operation of the charge and discharge chip 230 and the isolation unit 240 may be controlled by the control unit 260. Specifically, the control unit 260 may obtain the parameter of the power supply device 300 read by the charging and discharging chip 230, so as to determine whether the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charging protocol; the control unit 260 may also acquire the output voltage of the battery 111 and determine the charging mode of the charge and discharge circuit 200 according to the charging protocol supported by the power supply device 300 and the output voltage of the battery 111. When the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, it indicates that the battery 111 can be rapidly charged currently, the control unit 260 sends a fast charge signal to the charge and discharge chip 230 to control the first voltage adjusting unit 210 to generate a conducting signal through the charge and discharge chip 230, so as to control the isolation unit 240 to operate, and the operating principle of the isolation unit 240 may refer to the relevant description of the above embodiments, which is not described herein again; when the power supply device 300 does not support the preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, it indicates that the battery 111 can be normally charged currently, and the control unit 260 sends a normal charge signal to the charge and discharge chip 230. When the output voltage of the battery 111 is less than the preset output voltage, a pre-charge signal is sent to the charge and discharge chip 230.

In one embodiment, the control unit 260 is further connected with the first voltage regulating unit 210;

the control unit 260 is configured to send a fast charge signal to the first voltage adjustment unit 210 when the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage.

In application, the control unit 260 may be further connected to the first voltage regulating unit 210, and when the power supply device 300 supports the preset fast charge protocol and the output voltage of the battery 111 is greater than or equal to the preset output voltage, the control unit 260 may directly send the fast charge signal to the first voltage regulating unit 210, so that the first voltage regulating unit 210 generates the turn-on signal.

In application, the control unit 260 may adjust the preset power supply voltage according to actual needs, so as to improve flexibility of transforming the output voltage of the battery 111, thereby improving adaptability of the battery 111 and the load 120.

As shown in fig. 11, a terminal device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a load 120 and a charging and discharging circuit 200 provided in the above embodiment, where the charging and discharging circuit 200 is connected to the load 120.

In application, the functions implemented when the charging and discharging circuit is applied to the terminal device may refer to the related description of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely illustrated, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the above described functions. Each functional module in the embodiments may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one module, and the integrated module may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional module. In addition, specific names of the functional modules are only used for distinguishing one functional module from another, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the modules in the system may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not described herein again.

In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative modules and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A charge-discharge circuit is characterized by comprising a battery, a first voltage regulating unit and a second voltage regulating unit;

the first voltage regulating unit is respectively connected with the battery and the second voltage regulating unit;

the first voltage regulating unit is used for reducing the output voltage of the battery to obtain a first reduced voltage and outputting the first reduced voltage to the second voltage regulating unit;

the second voltage regulating unit is respectively connected with a load and the first voltage regulating unit;

the second voltage regulating unit is used for boosting the first reduced voltage when the first reduced voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage and outputting the first power supply voltage to the load;

when the first step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, outputting the first step-down voltage to the load;

the battery is formed by connecting at least two battery cells in series.

2. The charging and discharging circuit of claim 1, wherein the second voltage regulating unit comprises a first sub-regulating unit, and the load comprises a first load;

the first sub-regulating unit is respectively connected with the first load and the first voltage regulating unit;

the first sub-regulation unit is used for boosting the first reduced voltage when the first reduced voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage to obtain a first power supply voltage and outputting the first power supply voltage to the first load;

and when the first reduced voltage is greater than or equal to the preset power supply voltage, outputting the first reduced voltage to the first load.

3. The charging and discharging circuit of claim 2, wherein the second voltage regulating unit further comprises a second sub-regulating unit, and the load further comprises a second load;

the second sub-regulating unit is respectively connected with the second load and the first voltage regulating unit;

the second sub-regulation unit is used for outputting the first reduced voltage to the second load when the first reduced voltage is smaller than a preset power supply voltage.

4. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a charge and discharge chip connected to a power supply device and the second voltage regulating unit, respectively;

the charging and discharging chip is used for reducing the power supply voltage of the power supply equipment to obtain a second reduced voltage, and the second reduced voltage is output to the second voltage regulating unit.

5. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 4, wherein the charge and discharge chip is further connected to the first voltage regulating unit;

the charging and discharging chip is used for reducing the power voltage of the power supply equipment to obtain a second reduced voltage, and the second reduced voltage is output to the first voltage regulating unit and the second voltage regulating unit.

6. The charging and discharging circuit of claim 4, wherein the second voltage regulating unit is configured to output the second step-down voltage to the load when the second step-down voltage is greater than or equal to the preset supply voltage;

and when the second reduced voltage is smaller than the preset power supply voltage, boosting the second reduced voltage to obtain a second power supply voltage and outputting the second power supply voltage to the load.

7. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 5, wherein the first voltage regulating unit is configured to output the second step-down voltage to the battery when the second step-down voltage is greater than or equal to a preset charging voltage;

and when the second reduced voltage is smaller than the preset charging voltage, boosting the second reduced voltage to obtain charging voltage and outputting the charging voltage to the battery.

8. The charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the charging and discharging chip is further configured to receive a first step-down voltage output by the first voltage regulating unit and output the first step-down voltage to the second voltage regulating unit.

9. The charging and discharging circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an isolation unit connected to a power supply device, the first voltage regulating unit, and the battery, respectively;

the first voltage regulating unit is used for generating a conducting signal according to the output voltage or the power supply voltage of the power supply equipment and sending the conducting signal to the isolating unit;

the isolation unit is used for receiving the power supply voltage according to the conducting signal and outputting the power supply voltage to the battery.

10. A terminal device comprising a load and a charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the charging and discharging circuit being connected to the load.

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