CN114935348A - Optical switch array-based optical fiber loop performance test method and system - Google Patents
Optical switch array-based optical fiber loop performance test method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a method and a system for testing the performance of an optical fiber loop based on an optical switch array, which comprises the following procedures: s1: placing the test boxes in the optical fiber loops in sequence; s2: connecting the optical switch array with the optical fiber ring and the Y waveguide tail fiber; s3: the test box is heated, and light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the Y waveguide through the coupler to be polarized and split; s4: sending a TTL level sequence gating optical fiber loop; s5: two beams of light in the gating optical fiber ring traverse the whole ring, return to the Y waveguide to form an interference light signal, are transmitted to the detector through the coupler to be converted into an electric signal, and are demodulated by the modulation and demodulation control circuit board to obtain a gyro zero-offset signal output of the gating optical fiber ring so as to finish the testing of the gating optical fiber ring; s6: and sequentially switching and gating all the optical fiber loops to be tested. The method and the system provided by the invention can realize the time division multiplexing test of a set of hardware on a plurality of optical fiber loops, and can be expanded according to the requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a method and a system for testing performance of an optical fiber loop based on an optical switch array.
Background
The fiber optic gyroscope utilizes fiber looping as a sensing unit and realizes high-precision measurement of angular rate based on the Sagnac effect. In fiber optic gyroscopes, in addition to the two necessary non-reciprocal effects of bias modulation and Sagnac, noise and non-reciprocity caused by other disturbances can cause errors in the interferometric measurements. The optical fiber ring is used as a sensing element for directly sensing Sagnac phase shift in the gyroscope and is extremely sensitive to various physical quantities, and nonreciprocal phase errors, particularly thermal nonreciprocal phase errors, generated in the optical fiber ring form a main error source of the closed-loop interference type optical fiber gyroscope, so that the output precision of the gyroscope is directly determined by the performance of the optical fiber ring.
The thermally induced nonreciprocal phase error in the optical fiber loop is also called Shupe error, that is, when the optical fiber in one section of the optical fiber loop has time-varying temperature disturbance, unless the section of the optical fiber is located at the midpoint of the optical fiber, two interference light waves propagating in opposite directions cannot be simultaneously disturbed, the transient temperature change with asymmetric position causes transient refractive index change, and a thermally induced nonreciprocal phase shift is generated between the two light waves propagating in opposite directions. The nonreciprocal phase shift is indistinguishable from the Sagnac phase shift caused by rotation, which causes the fiber optic gyroscope to generate a large zero offset error. Therefore, in the scientific research and production of the fiber-optic gyroscope, the fiber-optic ring needs to be subjected to strict temperature performance test and screening.
Generally, during the temperature performance test of the fiber optic gyroscope, the temperature performance test of the optical fiber ring is realized by constructing a complete interference type closed loop fiber optic gyroscope comprising a light source light, a coupler, a detector, a Y waveguide, a modulation and demodulation circuit and the like. In the test, only the optical fiber ring is singly placed in a high-low temperature box to apply temperature excitation, other optical devices and a circuit part are placed outside the temperature box, two tail fibers of the Y waveguide and two tail fibers of the optical fiber ring extending out of the test box are subjected to polarization maintaining fusion to form a complete gyroscope light path, then circuit modulation and demodulation parameters are set, the test box is opened to test a change curve of the zero-bias output of the optical fiber ring under the full-temperature condition, and finally the temperature performance of the optical fiber ring is evaluated according to the temperature change curve. According to the method, the number of the optical fiber loops to be tested corresponds to the number of the test hardware sets one by one, and the temperature performance test of the large-scale batch optical fiber loops seriously depends on the number of the test hardware.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an optical fiber loop performance testing system and method based on an optical switch array, through the arrangement of the optical switch array, the time division multiplexing test of a plurality of optical fiber loops by one set of testing hardware can be realized, the test number of the optical fiber loops can be increased by multiple times along with the expansion of the optical switch array, and the dependence of batch optical fiber loop performance tests on the number of the testing hardware is greatly reduced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an optical switch array-based optical fiber loop performance testing method comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a plurality of optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence in a test box, wherein tail fibers of the optical fiber loops extend out of the test box;
s2: two tail fibers of an optical fiber loop to be tested are sequentially connected with 1 multiplied by 2 optical switch double ports of a tail column of an optical switch array according to a rule that connecting fibers are distributed in a vertically-partitioned central symmetry mode, two 1 multiplied by 2 optical switches are arranged in the first column of the optical switch array, and single ends of the two optical switches in the first column are respectively connected with two tail fibers of a Y waveguide;
s3: the test box applies temperature excitation to the optical fiber loop, light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the Y waveguide through the coupler to polarize and split, and two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely are formed in the optical fiber loop;
s4: transmitting a TTL level sequence switching optical path transmission channel to the optical switch array, and gating the optical fiber ring to form a complete gyroscope optical path;
s5: two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely in the gating optical fiber ring traverse the whole ring and then return to the Y waveguide to form an interference light signal, the interference light signal is transmitted to a detector through a coupler to be subjected to photoelectric conversion to form an electric signal, and the electric signal is demodulated by a modulation and demodulation circuit to obtain a gyro zero-offset signal of the gating optical fiber ring and output the gyro zero-offset signal so as to finish the testing of the gating optical fiber ring;
s6: and repeating S4-S5, switching and gating all the optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence, and circulating in the test period until the test period is finished.
And optimally, the modulation and demodulation control circuit board sends a TTL level sequence to the optical switch array.
Further, the testing method further includes S7: and the obtained gyro zero-offset signal output is transmitted to an upper computer, a curve is drawn, and the obtained gyro zero-offset signal output is calculated by a calculation module according to a standard deviation to obtain the zero-offset stability.
Optimally, the TTL level sequence is as follows: when a high TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, an upper port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state, and when a low TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, a lower port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state.
An optical fiber ring performance test system based on an optical switch array comprises a light source, a coupler, a Y waveguide, a detector, a modulation and demodulation control circuit board, an optical switch array and an optical fiber ring to be tested, wherein the optical switch array comprises a plurality of rows of 1 x 2 optical switches, the double ends of the optical switches in the front row are respectively connected with the single ends of the two optical switches in the back row, the optical switch array is firstly two optical switches, the single ends of the two optical switches in the first row are respectively connected with two tail fibers of the Y waveguide, the double ends of the optical switches in the tail row are respectively connected with different optical fiber rings to be tested in sequence, the connecting fibers are distributed in a vertically-partitioned central symmetry mode in sequence, the light source is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the output end of the Y waveguide, the input end of the detector is connected with the coupler, and the output end of the detector is connected with the input port of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board, the output end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with the Y waveguide, and the control end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with each optical switch port of the optical switch array.
Preferably, the detector is a photoelectric detector.
Furthermore, the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with an upper computer.
Preferably, the light source is a broadband light source.
Advantageous effects of the invention
The invention provides a method and a system for testing the performance of an optical fiber ring based on an optical switch array, which have the following advantages: the optical switch array based on the optical fiber loop performance test method can realize the time division multiplexing test of a plurality of optical fiber loops by adopting one set of test hardware based on the optical switch array arrangement, has high test efficiency and low cost, can multiply increase the loop test quantity by the expansion of the optical switch array level, and greatly relieves the dependence degree of large-scale and batched optical fiber loop performance tests on the test hardware quantity. The test method and the test system can be suitable for testing the performance of the optical fiber ring of the interference type optical fiber gyroscope with various precision levels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional schematic of an optical switch;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an all temperature performance test curve for a fiber optic loop;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a light source, 2 a coupler, 3 a Y waveguide, 4 an optical fiber ring, 5 an optical switch, 6 an optical switch array, 7 a modulation and demodulation control circuit board, 8 an upper computer and 9 a detector.
Detailed Description
An optical switch array-based optical fiber loop performance testing method comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a plurality of optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence in a test box, and enabling tail fibers of the optical fiber loops to extend out of the test box; during testing, a plurality of optical fiber loops to be tested are placed in a testing box for temperature excitation, and the rest parts are positioned outside the testing box.
S2: two tail fibers of an optical fiber loop to be tested are sequentially connected with 1 multiplied by 2 optical switch double ports of a tail column of an optical switch array according to a rule that connecting fibers are distributed in a vertically-partitioned central symmetry mode, two 1 multiplied by 2 optical switches are arranged in the first column of the optical switch array, and single ends of the two optical switches in the first column are respectively connected with two tail fibers of a Y waveguide;
the optical switch array is arranged, the number of columns of the optical switches can be expanded as required, and the optical switch array adopts 1 x 2 optical switches, so that the number of the optical ring tests can be increased by multiple times during expansion, and the dependence degree of large-scale and batched optical fiber ring performance tests on the number of the test hardware is greatly relieved.
The 1 × 2 optical switch may be mechanically controlled to select an optical transmission path, and a functional diagram of the optical switch is shown in fig. 2, where when a high TTL level is applied to the 1 × 2 optical switch, P1 to P2 are turned on, that is, an upper port of two terminals of the optical switch is in a conducting state, and when a low TTL level is applied to the 1 × 2 optical switch, P1 to P3 are turned on, that is, a lower port of two terminals of the optical switch is in a conducting state. The optical switch changes the reflection angle of the optical fiber in a mechanical control mode so as to switch the transmission path without influencing the mutual anisotropy of the constructed fiber optic gyroscope Sagnac interferometer.
S3: the test box applies temperature excitation to the optical fiber ring, light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the Y waveguide through the coupler to polarize and split, and two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely are formed in the optical fiber ring;
s4: transmitting a TTL level sequence switching optical path transmission channel to the optical switch array, and gating the optical fiber ring to form a complete gyroscope optical path;
s5: two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely in the gating optical fiber ring traverse the whole ring and then return to the Y waveguide to form an interference light signal, the interference light signal is transmitted to a detector through a coupler to be subjected to photoelectric conversion to form an electric signal, the electric signal is demodulated by a modulation and demodulation circuit to obtain a gyro zero-offset signal of the gating optical fiber ring and output the gyro zero-offset signal, and therefore the testing of the gating optical fiber ring is completed;
the gyro signal output time of each fiber loop can be maintained for a certain time, for example, 1s, then the next fiber loop is gated, and the cycle is repeated, so that the full-temperature performance test curve of each fiber loop is formed in the whole test period.
Because the optical fiber loops of the batch test are of the same specification, the test system can realize time division multiplexing, any other parameters except the TTL level sequence do not need to be adjusted in the test process, the operation is convenient, and the test efficiency is higher.
S6: and repeating S4-S5, switching and gating all the optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence, and circulating in the test period until the test period is finished.
Further, the test method further includes S7: and outputting the obtained gyroscope zero-offset signal to an upper computer, drawing a curve, and calculating the zero-offset stability by using a calculation module to output the obtained gyroscope zero-offset signal and taking a standard deviation.
Because the level of the optical fiber ring determines the precision level of the gyroscope, the gyroscope precision is characterized by a zero-offset stability index, for example, the low-precision gyroscope is 1 degree/h, the medium-precision gyroscope is 0.01 degree/h, and the high-precision gyroscope is 0.001 degree/h. The zero-bias stability is calculated by taking the standard deviation of the gyro zero-bias output signal. Therefore, the tested zero-offset signal output of the gyroscope is calculated by taking the standard deviation to calculate the zero-offset stability value, if the zero-offset stability value is higher than the precision value required by the gyroscope, the optical fiber loop is unqualified, if the zero-offset stability value is lower than the precision value required by the gyroscope, the optical fiber loop is qualified, the obtained zero-offset signal output of the gyroscope is calculated by taking the standard deviation through the calculation module to calculate the zero-offset stability, a zero-offset signal output curve and the zero-offset stability value of the gyroscope can be directly displayed on a display of an upper computer, and a tester can see whether the optical fiber loop is qualified or not at a glance. The method for taking the standard deviation of the zero offset signal output of the gyroscope is the prior art and is not described in detail.
Optimally, the modulation and demodulation control circuit board sends the TTL level sequence to the optical switch array, and automatic control of sending the TTL level sequence to the optical switch array can be achieved.
Optimally, the TTL level sequence is as follows: when a high TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, an upper port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state, and when a low TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, a lower port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state.
Specifically, taking two rows of optical switches in the optical switch array as an example, a schematic diagram of a test system is shown in fig. 1, and a corresponding relationship between gating of optical fiber loops and TTL level sequences can be shown in table one:
table-optical fiber loop gating and TTL level sequence corresponding relation
The results of the full temperature performance test of the four optical fiber loops are shown in fig. 3, in which the dotted line represents the temperature change of the optical fiber loop and the solid line represents the full temperature characteristic curve of the optical fiber loop. The test result can fully show the consistency of temperature response of batch optical fiber loops with the same specification, and can observe the slight difference of the performance of each optical fiber loop. The test system effectively reduces the degree of dependence of large-scale and batched optical fiber loop performance tests on the number of hardware.
An optical fiber ring performance test system based on an optical switch array comprises a light source 1, a coupler 2, a Y waveguide 3, a detector 9, a modulation and demodulation control circuit board 7, an optical switch array 6 and an optical fiber ring 4 to be tested, wherein the optical switch array comprises a plurality of rows of 1 x 2 optical switches 5, the double ends of the optical switch in the front row are respectively connected with the single ends of two optical switches correspondingly distributed in the back row, the head of the optical switch array is two optical switches, the single ends of the two optical switches in the first row are respectively connected with two tail fibers of the Y waveguide, the double ends of the optical switches in the tail row are respectively connected with different optical fiber rings to be tested in sequence, the connecting fibers are in central symmetrical distribution in upper and lower subareas in sequence, the light source is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide, the input end of the detector is connected with the coupler, and the output end of the detector is connected with the input port of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board, the output end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with the Y waveguide, and the control end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with each optical switch port of the optical switch array, so that a TTL level sequence can be conveniently sent to the optical switch array.
Preferably, the detector is a photoelectric detector, the interference optical signal can be transmitted to the photoelectric detector through the coupler, and the photoelectric detector can convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the modulation and demodulation circuit.
Further, the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with the upper computer 8, so that the test result can be directly displayed on a display of the upper computer, and a tester whether the optical fiber ring is qualified can see the test result at a glance.
Preferably, the light source is a broadband light source, which is beneficial to the test system to realize lower noise level.
In summary, the optical fiber loop performance test system based on the extensible optical switch array provided by the invention can realize that a plurality of loops multiplex one set of test hardware based on the arrangement of the optical switch array, the hierarchy of the optical switch array can be extended as required, the loop test quantity can be increased by multiple times during extension, the dependence degree of large-scale and batch optical fiber loop performance tests on the test hardware quantity is greatly relieved, the test result can be directly displayed, whether the tested optical fiber loop is qualified or not is clear at a glance, and the test method and the test system are suitable for the performance tests of the optical fiber loop of the interference type optical fiber gyroscope with various precision levels.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An optical switch array-based optical fiber loop performance testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: placing a plurality of optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence in a test box, wherein tail fibers of the optical fiber loops extend out of the test box;
s2: two tail fibers of an optical fiber loop to be tested are sequentially connected with 1 multiplied by 2 optical switch double ports of a tail column of an optical switch array according to a rule that connecting fibers are distributed in a vertically-partitioned central symmetry mode, two 1 multiplied by 2 optical switches are arranged in the first column of the optical switch array, and single ends of the two optical switches in the first column are respectively connected with two tail fibers of a Y waveguide;
s3: the test box applies temperature excitation to the optical fiber ring, light emitted by the light source is transmitted to the Y waveguide through the coupler to polarize and split, and two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely are formed in the optical fiber ring;
s4: transmitting a TTL level sequence switching optical path transmission channel to the optical switch array, and gating the optical fiber ring to form a complete gyroscope optical path;
s5: two beams of light which are transmitted oppositely in the gating optical fiber ring traverse the whole ring and then return to the Y waveguide to form an interference light signal, the interference light signal is transmitted to a detector through a coupler to be subjected to photoelectric conversion to form an electric signal, and the electric signal is demodulated by a modulation and demodulation control circuit board to obtain a gyro zero-offset signal of the gating optical fiber ring and output the gyro zero-offset signal;
s6: and repeating S4-S5, switching and gating all the optical fiber loops to be tested in sequence, and circulating in the test period until the test period is finished.
2. The method for testing the performance of the optical fiber loop based on the optical switch array of claim 1, further comprising the step of S7: and the obtained gyro zero-offset signal output is transmitted to an upper computer, a curve is drawn, and the obtained gyro zero-offset signal output is calculated by a calculation module according to a standard deviation to obtain the zero-offset stability.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the TTL level sequence is sent from the modem control board to the optical switch array.
4. The method for testing the performance of the optical fiber loop based on the optical switch array as claimed in claim 3, wherein the TTL level sequence is as follows: when a high TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, an upper port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state, and when a low TTL level is applied to a corresponding optical switch in the optical switch array, a lower port of the two ends of the optical switch is in a conducting state.
5. The utility model provides an optical fiber ring capability test system based on photoswitch array which characterized in that: the optical switch array comprises a plurality of rows of 1 x 2 optical switches, the double ends of the previous row of optical switches are respectively connected with the single ends of the two optical switches correspondingly distributed in the next row, the optical switch array is firstly two optical switches, the single ends of the first row of optical switches are respectively connected with two tail fibers of the Y waveguide, the double ends of the tail rows of optical switches are respectively connected with different optical fiber rings to be tested in sequence, the connecting fibers are in central symmetry distribution in upper and lower subareas, the light source is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide, the input end of the detector is connected with the coupler, the output end of the detector is connected with the input port of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board, and the output end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with the Y waveguide, and the control end of the modulation and demodulation control circuit board is connected with each optical switch port of the optical switch array.
6. The system for testing the performance of the optical fiber loop based on the optical switch array of claim 5, wherein the detector is a photoelectric detector.
7. The system for testing the performance of the optical fiber loop based on the optical switch array of claim 5, wherein the modem control circuit board is connected with an upper computer.
8. The system according to claim 5, wherein the light source is a broadband light source.
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| CN116026371A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-04-28 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | OAM mode-based fiber optic gyroscope ring performance detection method and system |
| CN116047177A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Electromagnetic leakage testing method and device for fiber optic gyroscope |
| CN116045945A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Photoelectric control method and device for optical fiber gyro rotation modulation |
| CN116045949A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | High-precision high-reliability optical fiber gyroscope and working method thereof |
| CN116047177B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Electromagnetic leakage testing method and device for fiber optic gyroscope |
| CN116045949B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-27 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | High-precision high-reliability optical fiber gyroscope and working method thereof |
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