CN114934782A - Cutting mechanism of heading machine and heading machine - Google Patents
Cutting mechanism of heading machine and heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114934782A CN114934782A CN202210865739.3A CN202210865739A CN114934782A CN 114934782 A CN114934782 A CN 114934782A CN 202210865739 A CN202210865739 A CN 202210865739A CN 114934782 A CN114934782 A CN 114934782A
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- cutter
- cutter head
- cutters
- cutting mechanism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/116—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of non-concentric rotary heads
Abstract
The invention provides a cutting mechanism of a heading machine and the heading machine. The cutter head has a circular outer peripheral surface, and the drive assembly is used for driving the cutter head to rotate around the central axis of the cutter head. The utility model discloses a hobbing cutter, including a plurality of hobbing cutters and a plurality of blade holders, a plurality of blade holders and a plurality of hobbing cutter one-to-one, on the hobbing cutter rotationally set up the blade holder that corresponds, a plurality of blade holders distribute the setting on the outer peripheral face of blade disc, the central axis of hobbing cutter is followed in the projection on the outer peripheral face the axial extension of blade disc, two adjacent hobbing cutters stagger the setting in the week of blade disc, have the contained angle between the central axis. The heading machine with the cutting mechanism provided by the invention utilizes the principle of rolling rock breaking to cut a roadway, and compared with a pickaxe-shaped cutting tooth cutting mode of a cantilever type heading machine, the heading machine has the advantages of strong rock breaking capacity, high working efficiency and small cutter loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway tunneling, in particular to a cutting mechanism and a tunneling machine based on a rolling principle.
Background
At present, the rock tunnel is mainly tunneled by a drilling and blasting method, a cantilever type tunneling machine method and a full-face tunneling machine method. The drilling and blasting method is low in cost, but the construction method can cause serious damage to surrounding rocks of the roadway, and the operation environment and the construction safety are poor. The cantilever type excavator has certain limitation when being used for rock roadway excavation, when the hardness of cutting rocks is high, cutting vibration is increased, and cutting tooth loss is increased rapidly. The full-face tunneling machine is suitable for cutting hard rock, but the turning radius is large and the movement is not flexible due to the large volume of the full-face tunneling machine, and the full-face tunneling machine can only cut a circular section due to the structural characteristics of the full-face tunneling machine, so that the tunneling mode of the tunneling machine for an underground roadway is low in adaptability.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a cutting mechanism of a heading machine and the heading machine.
The cutting mechanism comprises a driving assembly and a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is provided with a circular peripheral surface, and the driving assembly is used for driving the cutter head to rotate around the central axis of the cutter head; a plurality of hobbing cutters and a plurality of blade holder, it is a plurality of the blade holder is with a plurality of the hobbing cutter one-to-one, the hobbing cutter rotationally sets up the correspondence on the blade holder, it is a plurality of the blade holder is in distribute the setting on the outer peripheral face of blade disc, the central axis of hobbing cutter is in projection on the outer peripheral face is followed the axial extension of blade disc adjacent two in the week of blade disc the hobbing cutter staggers and sets up and/or the central axis between has the contained angle.
According to the cutting mechanism and the heading machine provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arrangement mode of the hobs on the cutterhead is optimized, and the design of the hobs staggered on the cutterhead can enable a rock wall to generate a plurality of cracks with approximately same intervals, so that the rock is broken. The development machine applying the cutting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention fully utilizes the principle of rolling rock breaking to cut the roadway, and compared with a pickaxe-shaped cutting tooth cutting mode of a cantilever development machine, the development machine has the advantages of strong rock breaking capacity, high working efficiency and small cutter loss.
In some embodiments, a plurality of hobbing cutters form a plurality of hobbing cutter sets, the plurality of hobbing cutter sets are arranged along the circumferential interval of the cutter head, each hobbing cutter set comprises two hobbing cutters, and the two hobbing cutters in the hobbing cutter set are arranged along the axial interval of the cutter head.
In some embodiments, the hob group includes a first hob group and a second hob group, the first hob group and the second hob group are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the central axes of two hobs in the first hob group are overlapped and both extend in the axial direction of the cutter head, an included angle is formed between the central axes of two hobs in the second hob group, and any one of the two hobs is obliquely arranged outwards and in a direction away from the other hob.
In some embodiments, the roller cutters of two first groups of roller cutters adjacent in the circumferential direction of the cutter head are staggered in the circumferential direction.
In some embodiments, the two roller cutters of the second roller cutter set are symmetrically disposed with respect to a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the cutter head.
In some embodiments, the included angles of two adjacent groups of second knifes in the circumferential direction of the cutterhead are different.
In some embodiments, the included angle of one of two adjacent groups of the second hobbing cutter groups in the circumferential direction of the cutter head is an acute angle, and the included angle of the other group is an obtuse angle.
In some embodiments, the second hob groups are n groups, the n groups of second hob groups have at least n/2 different included angles, and the second hob groups with different included angles are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutter head.
In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head is divided into a plurality of arc surfaces distributed along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the central angles corresponding to the arc surfaces are the same, and each arc surface is correspondingly provided with the first hob group and the second hob group in the same number.
In some embodiments, the cutting mechanism further comprises:
the reinforcing plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, are connected with the peripheral surface of the cutter head and extend outwards, and are used for dividing the peripheral surface of the cutter head into a plurality of cambered surfaces;
the plurality of clapboards are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter head at intervals, the clapboards are connected with the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head and extend outwards, and the clapboards are used for spacing two adjacent groups of hobbing cutter groups.
In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a power element and a transmission device, the power element is used for providing power for the cutter head, and the transmission device is in transmission connection with the cutter head and is used for transmitting the power of the power element to the cutter head.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a heading machine which is characterized by comprising the cutting mechanism according to any one of the embodiments.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cutting mechanism of a heading machine (connected to a cutting arm of the heading machine) in an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the cutting mechanism of the heading machine in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a side partial perspective view of fig. 1.
Figure 4 is a front elevation view of the cutting mechanism of the heading machine in an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 is a side view of the cutting mechanism of the heading machine in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a cutting mechanism 100; a cutter head 10; a first arc 101; a second arc surface 102; a third arc surface 103; a fourth arc surface 104; a reinforcing plate 11; a separator 12; hobbing cutters 20; a tool holder 21; a wedge block 22; a power element 30; a transmission 31; a cutting arm 40.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The basic structure of a cutting mechanism 100 based on the rolling principle provided by the embodiment of the invention is described below according to fig. 1-5. The cutting mechanism 100 is located at the front end of the machine and is used to contact the rock and cause the rock wall to fracture and thereby drive the rock roadway.
The cutting mechanism 100 includes a drive assembly, a cutter head 10, a plurality of roller cutters 20, and a plurality of tool holders 21. The impeller 10 has a circular outer peripheral surface and the drive assembly is adapted to drive the impeller 10 in rotation about its central axis. The plurality of tool seats 21 correspond to the plurality of hobs 20 one by one, the hobs 20 are rotatably arranged on the corresponding tool seats 21, the plurality of tool seats 21 are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 10, and the projection of the central axis of the hob 20 on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 10 extends along the axial direction of the cutter head 10. It will be appreciated that the cutting edges of roller cutters 20 lie in planes which are perpendicular to their central axes. The fact that the tool holders 21 are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter disc 10 means that at least part of the tool holders 21 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the cutter disc 10 and/or at least part of the tool holders 21 are distributed in the axial direction of the cutter disc 10. When the cutting mechanism 100 is used for cutting, the cutterhead 10 is driven by the driving assembly to rotate around the central axis thereof, and the hob 20 mounted on the cutterhead seat 21 rotates around the axis thereof (itself) and rotates along the circumferential direction of the cutterhead 10 (revolves) under the action of the cutterhead 10 to cut rock.
In this case, two roller cutters 20 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 are arranged offset from each other and/or have an angle between their central axes. That is, in some embodiments, two roller cutters 20 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 are arranged offset with an included angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20, and in other embodiments, two roller cutters 20 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 are arranged offset with an included angle between the central axes of two roller cutters 20 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10.
The advancing direction of the cutting mechanism 100 is a forward direction (as shown by an arrow in fig. 1) perpendicular to the axial direction of the cutterhead 10, the cutterhead 10 rolls forward, and the hob 20 contacts with the roadway rock wall under the action of the cutterhead 10 to cut and form cracks. The fissure that the rock wall is cut to two adjacent hobbing cutters 20 that stagger the setting formed staggers, and the fissure that the rock wall is cut to the cutting edge of two adjacent hobbing cutters 20 that have the contained angle between the central axis forms also staggers, and the fissure that the rock wall is cut to the cutting edge of two adjacent hobbing cutters 20 that stagger the setting and the central axis has the contained angle forms also staggers, along with the continuation of blade disc 10 rolls forward, makes the fissure deepen and extend and run through to realize collapsing of rock on the rock wall.
The cutting mechanism of the embodiment of the invention optimizes the arrangement mode of the hobs on the cutter head, and can lead the rock wall to generate a plurality of cracks with approximately same intervals through the design of the hobs staggered on the cutter head so as to promote rock breaking. The development machine applying the cutting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention fully utilizes the principle of rolling rock breaking to cut the roadway, and compared with a pickaxe-shaped cutting tooth cutting mode of a cantilever development machine, the development machine has the advantages of strong rock breaking capacity, high working efficiency and small cutter loss. Meanwhile, the cutting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for cutting the rectangular roadway of underground hard rock (f is more than 8), is flexible to move and has good roadway adaptability.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the cutterhead 10 of the cutting mechanism 100 is cylinder-like, and the outer surface of the cutterhead 10 includes two end surfaces opposite in the axial direction thereof and an annular outer peripheral surface, and the two end surfaces of the cutterhead 10 are adapted to be connected to the cutting arms of the heading machine. The roller cutters 20 are distributed around the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10 by an optimum design, and each roller cutter 20 operates independently. When the cutting mechanism 100 works, the cutter head 10 rotates forward, and the hob 20 on the cutter head 10 is driven to rotate along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10, i.e. to revolve, and the hob 20 also rotates around its own rotating shaft. The cutting mechanism 100 cuts the target rock by the rotation of the hob 20, and a tunnel is established.
In some embodiments, the plurality of roller cutters 20 form a plurality of roller cutter sets, each roller cutter set includes at least two roller cutters 20, and the roller cutters 20 in the same roller cutter set are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter head 10, it is understood that the projections of the central axes of the roller cutters 20 in the same roller cutter set on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10 coincide. A plurality of hobbing cutter groups are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10. By way of example, the cutting mechanism 100 of the embodiment shown in fig. 1-5 includes 32 roller cutters 20, with the 32 roller cutters 20 forming 16 sets of roller cutter sets, the 16 sets of roller cutter sets being spaced axially of the cutterhead 10, and each roller cutter set including two roller cutters spaced axially of the cutterhead 10.
Further, according to the distribution manner of the cutters 20 in the group, the rolling groups may be divided into a first cutter group (e.g., 101b, 101d, 102b, 102d shown in fig. 4 and 5) and a second cutter group (e.g., 101a, 101c, 102a, 102c shown in fig. 4 and 5), where the first cutter group and the second cutter group are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction of the cutter disc 10, that is, the cutter groups are regularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutter disc 10, that is, the first cutter group, the second cutter group, the first cutter group, and the second cutter group …. As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the 32 roller cutters 20 are divided into 8 first roller cutter groups and 8 second roller cutter groups, each having two roller cutters 20 arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the cutter head 10. The two hobs 20 in the first hob group are distributed in parallel, that is, the central axes of the two hobs 20 in the first hob group coincide and both extend in the axial direction of the cutter head 10. Thus, the planes of the cutting edges of the cutters 20 in the first group are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axial direction of the cutter head 10, and the two cutters 20 cut the rock wall to form two different slits.
As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the two roller cutters 20 in the second roller cutter set are distributed at an angle, that is, the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second roller cutter set have an included angle therebetween, and each roller cutter 20 is disposed obliquely outward away from the other, that is, the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second roller cutter set intersect with each other on the outer side of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10. The angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second group of cutters may be acute, right or obtuse. Thus, the planes of the cutting edges of the two cutters 20 in the second cutter group form an included angle, and the two cutters 20 cut the rock wall to form two different cracks. It will be appreciated that the angle of the cutting edges of the roller cutters 20 determines the angle of the crevice, and since the angle of the cutting edges of the two roller cutters 20 in the second cutter set is different, the angle of the crevice formed by the two roller cutters 20 cutting the rock wall is also different.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the projections of the central axes of the two hobs 20 in the second hob group on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 10 coincide with each other. It is further preferable that the two roller cutters 20 are located in the middle of the cutter head 10 and are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10, or that the two roller cutters 20 are symmetrically arranged with respect to a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the cutter head 10, so that the structure of the cutting mechanism 100 is more reasonable.
Because the angle of the cutting edges of the roller cutters 20 in the second group of cutters is different from the angle of the cutting edges of the roller cutters 20 in the first group of cutters, the angle of the gap formed by the roller cutters 20 in the two different groups of cutters cutting the rock wall is also different. Through the alternative distribution of first hobbing cutter group and second hobbing cutter group, cutting mechanism 100 can make the rock wall in tunnel many places produce the fracture that the angle is different when cutting the rock, along with the rotation of blade disc 10, makes different fractures extend and run through each other, and then realizes caving of rock wall, has further improved the cut efficiency in tunnel.
It should be noted that the drawings illustrate only one example of the present invention, and in other embodiments, the roller cutters 20 in the first roller cutter set may be more than two, for example, three, and the plurality of roller cutters 20 are spaced and arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the cutter head 10, so that the plurality of roller cutters 20 can cut the rock wall to form different cracks. In other embodiments, the roller cutters 20 in the second group of roller cutters may be more than two, for example three, with the plurality of roller cutters 20 being radially spaced from the cutter head 10 and the central axes being at an angle to each other, such that the plurality of roller cutters 20 are capable of cutting the rock wall to form different fissures.
In some embodiments, the arrangement positions of the roller cutters 20 in the two first roller cutter groups adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 are not completely the same, or the roller cutters 20 in a first roller cutter group are staggered from the roller cutters 20 in another first roller cutter group adjacent to the first roller cutter group in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, two rolling cutters 20 of one first rolling cutter group are disposed close to the end face a of the cutter head 10, and two rolling cutters 20 of another first rolling cutter group adjacent thereto in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 are disposed close to the end face B of the cutter head 10, and the first rolling cutter groups are sequentially disposed in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 in this manner. The arrangement of the first hob group can enable the hob 20 to contact with more different positions of the rock wall and cut cracks of the rock wall when the cutting mechanism 100 performs cutting on the rock wall, so that the cutting capability of the cutting mechanism 100 is improved.
In some embodiments, the included angles of two adjacent groups of second knifes in the circumferential direction of the cutterhead 10 are different. The included angle of the second hob group is as follows: the angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second group of cutters. Specifically, the included angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in one of the two adjacent second roller cutter sets is different from the included angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the other one.
As shown in the embodiment of fig. 2 and 4, the included angle of one of the two adjacent groups of the second groups of cutters in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10 is an acute angle, and the included angle of the other group of the second groups of cutters is an obtuse angle. For example, the angle between the central axes of two roller cutters 20 in a second group of roller cutters is 75 °, the angle between the central axes of two roller cutters 20 in a second group of roller cutters adjacent to the two roller cutters in the counterclockwise direction may be 140 °, the angle between the central axes of two roller cutters 20 in a second group of roller cutters adjacent to the two roller cutters in the clockwise direction may be 140 °, and other angles such as 150 ° may be used. The angle of the hob 20 is more various due to the design of the second hob group, so that when the cutting mechanism 100 cuts the rock wall, the hob 20 with different angles can cut rock wall cracks with different angles, and the rock wall cracks with different angles are more easily extended and penetrated, so that the cutting capability of the cutting mechanism 100 is further improved.
Further, the cutting mechanism 100 includes n second hob groups, and the n second hob groups have at least n/2 different included angles. For example, the cutting mechanism 100 in the embodiment shown in fig. 5 includes 8 second hob groups, the 8 second hob groups have four different included angles, and the included angles of the second hob groups are the same two by two. And preferably, the four groups of hobbing cutter groups with different included angles are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutter head, in other words, preferably, the second hobbing cutter groups with different angles are continuously arranged on the circumferential surface of the cutter head 10. This further increases the angular diversity of the roller cutters 20 of the cutting mechanism 100, further improving the cutting ability of the cutting mechanism 100.
In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10 may be divided into a plurality of arc surfaces distributed along the circumferential direction thereof, the central angles of the plurality of arc surfaces are the same, and each arc surface is provided with the same number of first and second groups of cutters. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 10 is divided into four arc surfaces (a first arc surface 101, a second arc surface 102, a third arc surface 103, and a fourth arc surface 104) with the same corresponding central angle, the central angle of each arc surface is 90 °, and each arc surface is provided with two groups of first hob sets and two groups of second hob sets correspondingly, that is, each arc surface is provided with 8 hobs 20 correspondingly. In other embodiments, the number of curved surfaces may be other, and the number of roller cutters 20 disposed on each curved surface may also be adjusted based on the needs. The peripheral surface of the cutter head 10 is divided into a plurality of equal cambered surfaces so as to arrange the hobs 20 distributed on the cutter head 10 more regularly and uniformly, so that the structure of the cutting mechanism 100 is more reasonable.
Further, the cutting mechanism 100 further includes a plurality of reinforcing plates 11 and a plurality of partition plates 12. As shown in fig. 5, the reinforcing plate 11 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter disc 10, is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the cutter disc 10, and extends outward, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 11 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter disc 10 for dividing the outer peripheral surface of the cutter disc 10 into a plurality of arc surfaces. As shown in fig. 5, the cutting mechanism 100 includes four reinforcing plates 11 disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10, and the four reinforcing plates 11 equally divide the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10 into four curved surfaces.
The partition plates 12 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10, and the partition plates 12 are connected with the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head 10 and extend outwards for separating two adjacent groups of hobbing cutter groups. As shown in fig. 5, three partition boards 12 are arranged in front of two adjacent reinforcing plates 11, each arc surface is divided into four sub-arc surfaces by the three partition boards 12, and each sub-arc surface is provided with a group of rolling cutter groups. The corresponding central angle of the sub-arc surface can be set according to design requirements, that is, the interval between adjacent partition boards 12 can be set according to requirements.
In some embodiments, the cutting mechanism 100 further comprises a drive assembly comprising a power element 30 and a transmission 31. As shown in fig. 3, the power element 30 is located inside the cutter head 10 to provide power for the rotation of the cutter head 10, and the output power of the power element 30 is transmitted to the cutter head 10 through the transmission device 31. The transmission device 31 comprises a fixed assembly and a moving assembly, the fixed assembly can be connected with the cutting arm, the moving assembly is connected with the tool carrier 10 in a transmission way, and the tool carrier 10 is driven to rotate through the power element 30. The power transmission can be realized by means of the ordinary technology in the field by those skilled in the art, and the details are not described herein. Alternatively, the power element 30 may be a hydraulic motor or an electric motor.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a heading machine. The heading machine comprises the cutting mechanism 100 in any one of the above embodiments, and the heading machine comprises the cutting arm 40, and the cutting arm 40 is connected with the cutting mechanism 100. The heading machine cuts rocks by a rolling principle.
One specific manner of distributing the roller cutters 20 on the cutting mechanism 100 provided by embodiments of the present invention is described below with respect to fig. 1-5.
The cutting mechanism 100 includes a cutter head 10, 32 roller cutters 20, and 32 cutter seats 21. The 32 hobs 20 correspond to the 32 tool holders 21 one by one, the rotating shaft of each hob 20 is fixed on the tool holder 21 through the wedge block 22, and each hob 20 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft. The 32 hobs 20 are divided into 8 groups of first hob groups and 8 groups of second hob groups, the first hob groups and the second hob groups are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10, and each group of hob groups comprises two hobs 20 which are arranged in the axial direction of the cutter head 10 at intervals. Optionally, the roller cutters 20 in this embodiment are disc roller cutters.
As shown in fig. 5, the outer peripheral surface (C-surface) of the cutter head 10 is divided into four arc surfaces, namely, a first arc surface 101, a second arc surface 102, a third arc surface 103 and a fourth arc surface 104 in the clockwise direction. The central angle that every cambered surface corresponds is 90 to every cambered surface all corresponds and is provided with two sets of first hobbing cutter group and two sets of second hobbing cutter group, and every cambered surface all corresponds promptly and is provided with 8 hobbing cutters 20.
Taking the first arc surface 101 as an example, as shown in fig. 5, the hobbing cutter groups correspondingly arranged on the first arc surface 101 are a second hobbing cutter group 101a, a first hobbing cutter group 101b, a second hobbing cutter group 101c and a first hobbing cutter group 101d in sequence along the clockwise direction, and adjacent hobbing cutter groups are separated by a partition plate 12 to form an independent working area. The corresponding central angles of the second hob group 101a, the first hob group 101b, the second hob group 101c and the first hob group 101d are 25 °, 20 ° and 25 °, respectively.
Specifically, the included angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second roller cutter group 101a is α, α is greater than 90 °, the two roller cutters 20 in the first roller cutter group 101B are disposed close to the end face B of the cutter head 10, and the axes of the two roller cutters 20 are coincident and parallel to the axis of the cutter head 10. The angle between the central axes of two roller cutters 20 of the second roller cutter group 101c is β, which is smaller than 90 °. The two rolling cutters 20 of the first rolling cutter group 101d are disposed close to the end face a of the cutter head 10, and the axes of the two rolling cutters 20 coincide and are parallel to the axis of the cutter head 10.
The hob groups correspondingly arranged on the second arc surface 102 are a second hob group 102a, a first hob group 102b, a second hob group 102c and a first hob-to-group 102d in sequence along the clockwise direction. The central angles of the second hob group 102a, the first hob group 102b, the second hob group 102c and the first hob-to-group 102d are respectively 25 °, 20 ° and 25 °.
Specifically, an included angle between central axes of the two roller cutters 20 in the second roller cutter group 102a is γ, γ is an obtuse angle greater than the included angle α, the two roller cutters 20 in the first roller cutter group 102B are disposed close to the end face B of the cutter head 10, and axes of the two roller cutters 20 are coincident and parallel to an axis of the cutter head 10. The angle between the central axes of the two roller cutters 20 of the second roller cutter group 102c is λ, which is an acute angle smaller than β. The two roller cutters 20 of the first roller cutter set 102d are disposed close to the end face a of the cutter head 10, and the axes of the two roller cutters 20 coincide and are parallel to the axis of the cutter head 10.
The arrangement of the hobbing cutter set on the third arc surface 103 can refer to the first arc surface 101, and the arrangement of the hobbing cutter set on the fourth arc surface 104 can refer to the second arc surface 102, which is not described herein. The rotation of the cutter head 10 can deepen the formed fracture, thereby being beneficial to realizing fracture penetration and rock collapse.
The cutting mechanism 100 is connected to the heading machine through the cutting arm 40, the power element 30 outputs power to drive the transmission 31, and the transmission 31 drives the cutterhead 10 to rotate. The hob 20 mounted on the tool rest 21 on the C-face of the cutter head 10 rotates on its own axis, i.e., revolves around its own axis, and the hob 20 also rotates in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 10, i.e., revolves around its own axis. The staggered distribution of the hobbing cutters 20 enables cracks to be generated at multiple positions of the rock wall, and the cracks of the rock wall extend and penetrate with each other to realize the collapse of the rock wall, so that a roadway is formed.
According to the cutting mechanism 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hobs 20 are not completely and symmetrically distributed on the cutterhead 10 through optimized design, so that the cutting mechanism 100 can cut rocks by using a rolling principle, the rock breaking capacity of the cutting mechanism is improved, the cutting mechanism 100 can construct a roadway more efficiently and flexibly, the abrasion of the props of the cutting mechanism 100 can be reduced, and the tunneling cost of the roadway is reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that they are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A cutting mechanism of a heading machine, comprising:
the cutter head is provided with a circular outer circumferential surface and is used for driving the cutter head to rotate around the central axis of the cutter head;
a plurality of hobbing cutters and a plurality of blade holder, it is a plurality of the blade holder is with a plurality of the hobbing cutter one-to-one, the hobbing cutter rotationally sets up the correspondence on the blade holder, it is a plurality of the blade holder is in distribute the setting on the outer peripheral face of blade disc, the central axis of hobbing cutter is in projection on the outer peripheral face is followed the axial extension of blade disc adjacent two in the week of blade disc the hobbing cutter staggers and sets up and/or the central axis between has the contained angle.
2. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of roller cutters comprise a plurality of roller cutter sets, said plurality of roller cutter sets being spaced circumferentially of said cutterhead, each of said roller cutter sets comprising two of said roller cutters, and two of said roller cutters of said roller cutter sets being spaced axially of said cutterhead.
3. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine according to claim 2, wherein the hob groups include a first hob group and a second hob group, the first and second hob groups are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the central axes of the two hobs in the first hob group are coincident and extend in the axial direction of the cutter head, an included angle is formed between the central axes of the two hobs in the second hob group, and any one of the two hobs is inclined outward and away from the other hob.
4. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine as claimed in claim 3 wherein said roller cutters of two first groups of roller cutters adjacent in the circumferential direction of said cutterhead are staggered in said circumferential direction.
5. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine of claim 3 wherein said two roller cutters of said second group are symmetrically disposed with respect to a plane perpendicular to a central axis of said cutterhead.
6. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine as claimed in claim 3 wherein said included angles of two adjacent groups of second groups of cutters in the circumferential direction of said cutter head are different.
7. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine according to claim 6, wherein said second groups of cutters are n groups, said n groups of second groups of cutters have at least n/2 different angles, and said second groups of cutters having different angles are arranged in series in a circumferential direction of said cutter head.
8. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head is divided into a plurality of arc surfaces distributed along the circumferential direction thereof, the central angles of the plurality of arc surfaces are the same, and each arc surface is provided with the same number of the first and second groups of the rolling cutters correspondingly.
9. The cutting mechanism of the heading machine of claim 8, further comprising:
the reinforcing plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, are connected with the peripheral surface of the cutter head and extend outwards, and are used for dividing the peripheral surface of the cutter head into a plurality of cambered surfaces;
the plurality of clapboards are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter head at intervals, the clapboards are connected with the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head and extend outwards, and the clapboards are used for spacing two adjacent groups of hobbing cutter groups.
10. The cutting mechanism of a heading machine of claim 1 wherein the drive assembly includes a power element for powering the cutterhead and a transmission in driving connection with the cutterhead for transmitting the power of the power element to the cutterhead.
11. A heading machine, characterized by comprising a cutting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210865739.3A CN114934782A (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Cutting mechanism of heading machine and heading machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210865739.3A CN114934782A (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Cutting mechanism of heading machine and heading machine |
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| CN114934782A true CN114934782A (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210865739.3A Pending CN114934782A (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Cutting mechanism of heading machine and heading machine |
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Application publication date: 20220823 |