CN114933771A - High-temperature wear-resistant material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature wear-resistant material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114933771A CN114933771A CN202210575147.8A CN202210575147A CN114933771A CN 114933771 A CN114933771 A CN 114933771A CN 202210575147 A CN202210575147 A CN 202210575147A CN 114933771 A CN114933771 A CN 114933771A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/22—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature wear-resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the high-temperature wear-resistant material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polyimide, 2-5 parts of carbon fiber and 85-93 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The interface action among the three composite materials is beneficial to stress transfer and dispersion in the high-temperature friction and wear process, the polytetrafluoroethylene has proper resilience, good sealing is realized, the metal surface cannot be damaged in the grinding process of the polytetrafluoroethylene and a metal piece, the characteristics are beneficial to the durability and effectiveness of relevant parts, and the excellent wear-resistant sealing performance is realized in a high-temperature state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of modified polytetrafluoroethylene materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature wear-resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has heat resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical properties, and is a resin with the lowest coefficient of friction, with excellent non-tackiness and self-lubricity. However, when the wear-resistant steel is used under special working conditions, particularly in a high-temperature and high-speed running use environment, the problems of poor high-temperature wear resistance, serious wear and the like can be caused.
The carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material has high specific strength and modulus, good chemical stability and excellent tribological performance, and is widely applied to various fields of friction parts such as gears, bearings and the like. The modification method of polytetrafluoroethylene in the prior art is difficult to effectively improve the high-temperature wear resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-temperature wear-resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a high-temperature wear-resistant material composition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-10 parts of polyimide, 2-5 parts of carbon fiber and 85-95 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high temperature wear resistant material, comprising the following steps:
polyimide, carbon fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3-7:
2-4: 89-95 to obtain premixed powder;
freezing the premixed powder and then mixing at a high speed to obtain mixed powder;
filling the mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a blank;
and sintering the blank to obtain a molded product.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a high-temperature wear-resistant product prepared by the preparation method.
The above-described one or more embodiments of the present invention achieve the following advantageous effects:
the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder resin, the polyimide and the carbon fiber are uniformly mixed at a high speed according to different percentage components, and the polytetrafluoroethylene is beneficial to interface combination of the carbon fiber, so that the roughness of the carbon fiber is reduced, and the abrasion is reduced. The polyimide is beneficial to forming a transfer film, enhances the strength of a mating part and reduces the creep deformation of a friction surface at high temperature.
The interface action among the three composite materials is beneficial to stress transfer and dispersion in the high-temperature friction and wear process, the polytetrafluoroethylene has proper resilience, good sealing is achieved, the metal surface cannot be damaged in the grinding process of the polytetrafluoroethylene and a metal piece, the characteristics are beneficial to durability and effectiveness of relevant parts, and good wear-resisting sealing performance is achieved in a high-temperature state.
The high-temperature-resistant sealing ring is particularly suitable for the fields of sealing rings, piston rings, valves of high-temperature-resistant media and the like on high-temperature and high-speed running equipment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a manufacturing process for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the composite materials prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention and comparative example 1, wherein (a) is the composite material prepared in example 1, (b) is the composite material prepared in example 2, (c) is the composite material prepared in example 3, and (d) is the composite material prepared in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a high-temperature wear-resistant material composition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polyimide, 2-5 parts of carbon fiber and 85-93 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
In some embodiments, the high temperature wear resistant material composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of polyimide, 2-4 parts of carbon fiber and 85-95 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
Preferably, the high-temperature wear-resistant material composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of polyimide, 2-4 parts of carbon fiber and 87-95 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
For example, the polyimide may be 3 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts; the carbon fiber can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; the polytetrafluoroethylene powder can be 85 parts, 86 parts, 87 parts, 88 parts, 89 parts, 90 parts, 91 parts, 92 parts and 95 parts.
Polyimide refers to a class of polymers that contain an imide ring in the main chain. As a special engineering material, the material has excellent mechanical property and thermal stability, keeps better physical and mechanical properties within the temperature range of-270 ℃ to 400 ℃, can be used in the air at the temperature of-240 ℃ to 260 ℃ for a long time, has the thermal decomposition temperature of 600 ℃, and is one of the varieties with the highest thermal stability of the polymers at present.
Carbon fibers are fibers having a diameter of about 4 to 10 μm, are composed mainly of carbon atoms, and have high rigidity, high tensile strength, low weight, high chemical resistance, high temperature resistance, and low thermal expansion, which make them widely used in reinforced composite materials.
Further preferably, the high-temperature wear-resistant material composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of polyimide, 4 parts of carbon fiber and 89 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high temperature wear resistant material, comprising the following steps:
polyimide, carbon fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 2-4: 85-95, premixing to obtain premixed powder;
freezing the premixed powder and then mixing at a high speed to obtain mixed powder;
filling the mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a blank;
and sintering the blank to obtain a molded product.
In some embodiments, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 9-20 μm; the particle size of the polyimide is 10-40 μm; the diameter of the carbon fiber is 4-10 μm, and the length is 30-50 μm.
In some embodiments, the freezing temperature is-10 to-20 ℃ and the freezing time is 20 to 30 hours.
Preferably, after freezing, the rotating speed of high-speed mixing is 2000-3000r/min, and the mixing time is 2-10 min.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the pressing is 25-40 MPa.
In some embodiments, the sintering temperature is 360-380 ℃ and the holding time is 4-10 h.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a high-temperature wear-resistant product prepared by the preparation method.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A: required materials and material index parameters:
modified polytetrafluoroethylene suspension fine powder: the modified polytetrafluoroethylene suspension fine powder resin (the trade name DF161) is purchased from the high polymer material Co., Ltd in the east of Shandong, has higher elongation and tensile strength, high pressure resistance, low permeability, better particle relative flexibility, better oil lubrication and high resilience compared with the common polytetrafluoroethylene suspension fine powder resin, is more attached to a dual seal and has better air tightness. The modified polytetrafluoroethylene suspension fine powder resin is sent into a refrigeration house to be frozen for 24 hours. Then carrying out jet milling, wherein the grain diameter is in the range of 9-20 μm for later use after milling.
Polyimide molding powder: the particle size is about 10-40 μm, and the polyimide is dried in a sintering furnace at 320 deg.C for 4 hr.
Carbon fiber powder: the grain diameter is about 4-10 μm.
B: the required equipment is as follows: a premixer, a high-speed mixer, a hydraulic press, a sintering furnace and the like.
The polyimide carbon fiber modified polytetrafluoroethylene composite material is prepared by adding carbon fibers and polyimide into PTFE respectively according to mass fraction, and adopts a process flow diagram as shown in figure 1:
example 1
The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) according to the invention, 7% of polyimide and 4% of carbon fiber are added into 89% of modified polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder resin according to mass percentage, premixing is carried out for about 10 minutes, and the premix is sent into a refrigeration house to be frozen for 24 hours, wherein the temperature in the refrigeration house is-20 ℃;
finally, the frozen material is stirred in a high-speed mixer at 3000r/min for 10 minutes. And obtaining the uniformly mixed composite material resin powder.
2) The composite material resin powder is filled into a die in a powder metallurgy cold pressing mode, and is pressed into a blank according to the preforming unit pressure of 35 Mpa.
3) And (3) placing the preformed blank into an oven, freely sintering in the air, increasing and decreasing the sintering temperature in a step mode, keeping the sintering temperature at 360-380 ℃ for 6 hours, and obtaining the molded product.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) adding 5% of polyimide and 3% of carbon fiber into 92% of modified polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder resin, premixing for 10 minutes, and refrigerating the premix in a refrigeration house for 24 hours at the temperature of-15 ℃; finally, the frozen material is stirred for 5 minutes in a high-speed mixer at 2500 r/min. And obtaining the uniformly mixed composite material resin powder.
2) In the powder metallurgy cold pressing mode, composite material resin powder is filled into a mould and pressed into a blank according to the preforming unit pressure of 30 Mpa.
3) And (3) placing the preformed blank into an oven, freely sintering in the air, increasing and decreasing the sintering temperature in a step mode, keeping the sintering temperature at 360-380 ℃ for 6 hours, and obtaining the molded product.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene composite material comprises the following steps:
1) adding 3% of polyimide and 2% of carbon fiber into 88% of modified polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder resin, premixing for about 10 minutes, and refrigerating the premixed material in a refrigeration house for 24 hours, wherein the temperature in the refrigeration house is-10 ℃;
finally, the frozen material is stirred in a high-speed mixer at 2800r/min for 3 minutes. And obtaining the uniformly mixed composite material resin powder.
2) The composite material resin powder is filled into a die in a powder metallurgy cold pressing mode, and is pressed into a blank according to the preforming unit pressure of 28 Mpa.
3) And (3) placing the preformed blank into an oven, freely sintering in the air, increasing and decreasing the sintering temperature in a step mode, keeping the sintering temperature at 360-380 ℃ for 6 hours, and obtaining the molded product.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the polyimide was omitted, and the procedure was otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the carbon fibers were omitted, and the procedure was otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the polyimide and carbon fibers are omitted.
And (3) performance detection:
according to the standard:
astm d-4894-15 (tensile strength-elongation at break);
GB/T2411-2008 (Shore hardness);
HG/T2909-1997 (cleanliness);
GB/T3690-2007 (Friction coefficient);
astm d 792-2007 (specific gravity).
The test data analysis was performed on each example and comparative example of the high temperature abrasion resistant composite material, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 data of the test of each formulation example of high temperature abrasion resistant composite
The data of the test of each formulation example of the high-temperature wear-resistant composite material is analyzed through the following table 1: as can be seen from examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3, the surface uniformity, friction coefficient and tensile strength of the test material were affected by the preparation process, the rotation speed of the high-speed mixer, the time and the freezing time. The formula of the composite material and the unit square pressure applied to the composite material can influence the hardness and the specific gravity of the composite material, and the hardness value of the material is an important index for checking the wear resistance degree and the friction coefficient of the composite material.
In particular, in example 1, the proportion of the polyimide is increased, the thermal stability and the physical and mechanical properties of the polyimide in the polymer are fully exerted, the prepared composite material is particularly suitable for preparing a high-temperature-resistant medium valve, the sealing property, the air tightness, the service life and the like of the prepared high-temperature-resistant medium valve are obviously enhanced, and the dimensional stability of the prepared high-temperature-resistant medium valve is obviously improved. Even in high-temperature working environments such as 300 ℃, the composite material basically does not deform, keeps better elasticity and can achieve better high-temperature sealing effect.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high temperature wear resistant material composition characterized by: the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polyimide, 2-5 parts of carbon fiber and 85-93 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
2. A high temperature wear resistant material composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of polyimide, 2-4 parts of carbon fiber and 85-90 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
3. A high temperature wear resistant material composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the high-temperature wear-resistant material composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of polyimide, 3-4 parts of carbon fiber and 87-90 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
4. A high temperature wear resistant material composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the high-temperature wear-resistant material composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of polyimide, 4 parts of carbon fiber and 89 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
5. The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
polyimide, carbon fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5-10: 2-5: 85-93, premixing to obtain premixed powder;
freezing the premixed powder and then mixing at a high speed to obtain mixed powder;
filling the mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a blank;
and sintering the blank to obtain a molded product.
6. The method for preparing a high temperature wear-resistant material according to claim 5, wherein: the grain diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 9-20 mu m; the particle size of the polyimide is 10-40 μm; the diameter of the carbon fiber is 4-10 μm, and the length is 30-50 μm.
7. The method for preparing a high temperature wear-resistant material according to claim 5, wherein: the freezing temperature is-10 to-20 ℃, and the freezing time is 20 to 30 hours;
or after freezing, the rotating speed of high-speed mixing is 2000-3000r/min, and the mixing time is 2-10 min.
8. The method for preparing a high-temperature wear-resistant material according to claim 5, wherein: the pressing pressure is 25-40 MPa.
9. The method for preparing a high temperature wear-resistant material according to claim 5, wherein: the sintering temperature is 360-380 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-10 h.
10. A high temperature wear resistant article characterized by: prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 5 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115216098A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-21 | 宁波量子密封有限公司 | Dry-abrasion-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene material, and preparation method, detection method and detection device thereof |
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| JPH09208929A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-08-12 | Parker Hannifin Corp | Seal ring and composition for molding the ring |
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| CN112266560A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-26 | 南京馨怡美生物科技有限公司 | Nano polytetrafluoroethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-05-25 CN CN202210575147.8A patent/CN114933771A/en active Pending
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| JPH06172745A (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-21 | Riken Corp | Oil-free sealing composition used in helium or nitrogen gas atmosphere |
| JPH09208929A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-08-12 | Parker Hannifin Corp | Seal ring and composition for molding the ring |
| CN1632079A (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2005-06-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Solid lubricant for inlaid bearing sleeve on hydraulic generator and method for preparing method |
| CN1982366A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-20 | 日立电线株式会社 | Modified fluorin resin composition and former |
| CN112266560A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-26 | 南京馨怡美生物科技有限公司 | Nano polytetrafluoroethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 姜振华 等: "《耐高温耐腐蚀有机纤维》", 国防工业出版社, pages: 102 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115216098A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-21 | 宁波量子密封有限公司 | Dry-abrasion-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene material, and preparation method, detection method and detection device thereof |
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