CN114933466B - Light heat insulation layer for special pipeline and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light heat insulation layer for special pipeline and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114933466B CN114933466B CN202210643774.0A CN202210643774A CN114933466B CN 114933466 B CN114933466 B CN 114933466B CN 202210643774 A CN202210643774 A CN 202210643774A CN 114933466 B CN114933466 B CN 114933466B
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
Abstract
A light heat-insulating layer for special pipeline is composed of heat-insulating main material on the surface of pipeline and winding band around the most periphery, and is made up of superfine inorganic fibre-reinforced silica aerogel felt, flame-retarding adhesive and glass fibre cloth. The light heat insulating layer for special pipelines has the advantages of small bulk density, low heat conductivity coefficient of 0.047W/(m.k) at 500 ℃ and thickness of only 2.78mm and bulk density of 114kg/m 3 The superfine inorganic fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the glass fiber cloth have excellent binding force, the peeling strength reaches more than 2.9N/cm, and the adaptability in a high-temperature environment is effectively improved; the vibration resistance is strong in the use process under the environment higher than 700 ℃, the mass vibration loss is as low as 0.6%, and the situations of pulverization and powder falling and service life reduction are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, in particular to a light heat insulation layer for special pipelines and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The temperature of medium in special pipelines such as aviation pipelines is in the range of-50 ℃ to 650 ℃, so that the working condition is complex, the space is compact, and the requirements on a heat insulation layer are lighter, thinner and vibration resistant. The equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation material for special pipelines such as traditional aviation pipelines at 25 ℃ is about (0.026-0.032) W/(m.K), and the heat conductivity coefficient is gradually increased along with the temperature rise, and the problems of large weight, large thickness and the like exist; the mode of tension winding is adopted in the coating process, so that the operation is inconvenient.
In the prior art, when the special pipeline heat insulation layer is prepared, glass fibers are adopted to prepare the heat insulation layer in a temperature region below 300 ℃, aluminum silicate electricity is adopted to prepare the heat insulation layer in a region above 300 ℃, and the weight of the heat insulation layer is reduced by combining the two materials. To achieve better heat insulation performance, the thickness of the heat insulation layer needs to be increased, so that the quality, thickness and the like of the heat insulation layer are obviously increased, and the heat insulation requirement of special pipelines such as aviation and the like with compact space cannot be met. The silica aerogel material has a low heat conductivity coefficient due to a large number of micropore structures, is a novel heat insulation material, but is difficult to directly apply due to low density and poor mechanical property, and generally adopts a fiber felt reinforced silica aerogel material, and radiation shielding powder is used for isolating near infrared radiation so as to improve the applicability of the material. But undoubtedly increases the density of the material.
The inorganic fiber felt serving as the reinforcing material of the silica aerogel has higher heat insulation stability than the inorganic fiber felt serving as the reinforcing material, but pulverization occurs due to mechanical vibration and the like in the use process, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is increased, and the heat insulation performance is seriously reduced. The high-temperature heat conduction performance of the material can be enhanced along with the increase of the diameter of the adopted inorganic fibers, fibers with the diameter of about 9 mu m are generally adopted as reinforcing materials at present, because the more difficult the adopted superfine inorganic fibers with smaller diameters are to form a felt, the finer fibers are larger in static electricity when the aerogel material is prepared, the fibers are easy to agglomerate in the material, the dispersibility is poor, the thickness uniformity of the final heat insulation material is poor, the number of the fibers needs to be increased, but the number is increased, and the heat conduction coefficient of the material is increased. In the application process, a large amount of powder is easy to fall off from the fiber, the coating process of the heat insulation material is troublesome, and the peripheral glass fiber falls off and separates, so that the performance and the service life of the heat insulation material are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light heat insulation layer for a special pipeline. The heat insulation layer has the advantages of light weight, thin thickness, strong vibration resistance and excellent heat insulation performance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a light insulating layer for special pipelines is characterized in that: the heat insulation main material is formed by compounding superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, flame retardant adhesive and glass fiber cloth from inside to outside in sequence.
Further, the thickness of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt is 0.1-0.5 mm, the thickness of the glass fiber cloth is 0.1+/-0.05 mm, and the areal density is 105+/-10 g/m 2 The flame retardant adhesive is NBG-180 in type and mainly comprises vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water.
Further, the superfine inorganic fiber in the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 51-54% SiO 2 、7～15％Fe 2 O 3 And FeO in any proportion, 14-17% Al 2 O 3 、7～10％CaO、5～8％MgO。
A preparation method of a light heat insulation layer for a special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preparing superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt by using superfine inorganic fiber felt with the diameter of 3-4 mu m as a reinforcing material, pretreating for 3-4 hours at 325+/-60 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth, curing to obtain a heat insulation main material, coating the heat insulation main material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding self-adhesive glass fibers, and sealing.
Further, the curing is performed at 80.+ -. 20 ℃ for 3 to 4 hours.
The glass fiber cloth is adhered on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material, so that the problem that the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material is pulverized and falls off in the using process can be remarkably relieved. However, the thickness of the heat insulation material is obviously increased due to the fact that a layer of adhesive is needed to be added in the middle of the bonding of the glass fiber cloth, and due to the fact that the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material has an excellent pore structure, empty bags and folds are easy to occur in the bonding process, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material after compounding is reduced, and the glass fiber cloth is easy to fall off from the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material, and the effects of inhibiting pulverization and powder falling cannot be achieved.
According to the invention, the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material is pretreated at 325+/-60 ℃ for 4 hours, so that the flame retardant sprayed on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material effectively permeates into the pores of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material in the curing process, is uniformly dispersed, and has no phenomena of empty package, wrinkles and the like when the glass fiber cloth is cured and fixed, thereby enhancing the peeling strength between the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt material and the glass fiber cloth, and simultaneously inhibiting the increase of the total thickness of the heat insulation material.
Further, the superfine inorganic fiber felt is formed by opening and carding superfine inorganic fibers with the diameter of 3-4 mu m, glycerin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are dissolved in warm water to form mixed liquid with the temperature of 75-85 ℃, the mixed liquid is sprayed on the surface of the fiber web, then the fiber web is carded again, and after standing for 1.5-2.5 hours, silane solution is continuously sprayed, and then needling is carried out to form the fiber felt.
Further, the mixed solution is sprayed to the fiber web to have a humidity of 80% or more, and when the silane solution is sprayed again, the fiber web is again allowed to have a humidity of 80% or more.
Further, the mass volume ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the glycerol and the water in the mixed solution is 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL.
In the process of preparing the superfine inorganic fiber into the aerogel felt, the inorganic fiber is smaller in diameter, the needled felt is more difficult than the inorganic fiber with the diameter of about 9 mu m, the needling resistance is high during needling, the entanglement is difficult, the problem of broken needles is easy to occur, in the needling process, the phenomena of large static electricity, easy aggregation and poor dispersibility of the fiber are caused because moisture can not infiltrate into the fiber and only exist on the surface, the finally prepared superfine inorganic fiber felt is poor in uniformity, the heat insulation property is not improved when the superfine inorganic fiber felt is applied to preparing the silica aerogel felt, the mechanical property is also reduced, the stability is poor when the superfine inorganic fiber felt is prepared into a special pipeline heat insulation layer, more powder is easy to generate, and the performance of the heat insulation layer is reduced.
In the preparation process of the superfine inorganic fiber felt, glycerin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are dissolved in warm water and sprayed on the surface of a fiber web, and the surface of the fiber web is firstly electronegative and is repelled with anions in a surfactant, so that the glycerin absorbs water on the surface of the fiber web to form a water film, and H is separated by hydrolysis + Through electrostatic adsorption, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is promoted to effectively exert the permeation effect in superfine inorganic fibers, and the solid-liquid tension on the surface of a fiber net is reduced, so that the antistatic effect is achieved, hydrophilic groups in the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate effectively strengthen the toughness of the fibers, glycerol is used as a softening agent after entering the fibers, breakage of the superfine fibers in the needling process is reduced, so that uniform dispersion of the superfine inorganic fibers is promoted, effective cohesion and entanglement are achieved during needling, a fiber felt with stable structure is formed through a very small amount of fiber bundles, and finally the fiber felt is excellent in stability as a heat insulation material, is not easy to fall off powder, and prolongs the service life of the material.
Further, the vinyl trimethoxy silane solution is prepared by mixing and stirring vinyl trimethoxy silane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2-6:20-30 and standing for 1 h.
In the silane treatment process, a large number of Si-O bonds are generated on the surface of the fiber felt, and the fiber felt has extremely high bond dissociation energy, so that the high-temperature stability of the fiber felt is improved, and the silica aerogel felt participating in the preparation is not easy to generate phenomena of pulverization, powder falling and the like in a high-temperature environment.
The preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber felt
1. Cutting superfine inorganic fiber with diameter of 3-4 μm into length of 4-6 cm, opening, carding into fiber net, mixing glycerol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and water according to 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL of the mixture is mixed and dissolved to form a mixed solution, and the formed mixed solution is added withHeating to 75-85 ℃, spraying the mixture onto the surface of a fiber web until the surface humidity is above 80%, carding the fiber web again, standing for 1.5-2 h, mixing and stirring vinyl trimethoxy silane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2-6:20-30, continuously spraying the mixture onto the surface of the fiber web to keep the humidity above 80%, wherein the percentages of the components contained in the superfine inorganic fibers are 51-54% SiO 2 、7～15％Fe 2 O 3 And FeO in any proportion, 14-17% Al 2 O 3 、7～10％CaO、5～8％MgO；
2. At the front of the fiber web at a rate of 80 to 110 thorns/cm 2 Needling density of (2) needling frequency of 500-600 rpm, and conveying rate of 40-50 m/min for pre-needling; then needling is sequentially performed from the front side of the pre-needled needle to the front side of the needle, wherein the needling density is sequentially 200 to 250 needling/cm from the front side 2 The reverse surface is 280 to 300 thorns/cm 2 300-330 thorns/cm on the front surface 2 The reverse surface is 350 to 380 thorns/cm 2 Drying the superfine inorganic fiber felt formed by needling at 100-130 ℃;
step S2: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt
Adding the superfine inorganic fiber felt prepared in the step S1 into a mixed solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water and 5% hydrochloric acid alcohol solution according to the volume ratio of 10:20-30:5-6:1-1.5, wherein the mass volume ratio of the superfine inorganic fiber felt to the mixed solution is 0.1-0.2 g: 36-42 mL, standing for 10h, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mold, standing for gel, then placing the gel into absolute ethyl alcohol, aging for 2 days at 60 ℃, and adding trimethylchlorosilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and n-hexane into a mixed solution formed by 1:2-6:5-10 in a volume ratio of 10:1;
step S3: preparation of the insulating layer
Pretreating the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the step S2 for 3-4 hours at 325+/-60 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth, curing for 3-4 hours at 80+/-20 ℃ to obtain a heat insulation composite material, coating the heat insulation composite material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding and fixing the heat insulation composite material by adopting self-adhesive glass fibers, specifically, directly winding the end head on the width of the pipe wall to be not less than one third of the bandwidth, winding backwards in a spiral winding mode, and sewing and sealing by adopting a high-strength high-resistance MAT line after winding is completed.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the light heat insulating layer for special pipelines has the advantages of small bulk density, low heat conductivity coefficient of 0.047W/(m.k) at 500 ℃ and low bulk density of only 114kg/m when the thickness is 2.78mm 3 The superfine inorganic fiber reinforced aerogel felt and the glass fiber cloth have excellent binding force, the peeling strength reaches more than 2.9N/cm, and the adaptability in a high-temperature environment is effectively improved; the vibration resistance is strong in the use process under the environment of being higher than 700 ℃, the mass vibration loss is as low as 0.6%, and the situations of pulverization and falling off and reducing the service life are avoided.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, which are necessary to be pointed out herein for further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber felt
1. Cutting superfine inorganic fiber with diameter of 3-4 μm into length of 4-6 cm, opening and carding to form fiber net, warp density of 4.5-5.5 root/cm and dimensional density of 5.5-6.5 root/cm, using glycerin, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and water according to 1g:15mL:300mL of the mixture is mixed and dissolved to form a mixed solution, the mixed solution is heated to 75 ℃, then sprayed on the surface of the fiber web until the surface humidity is more than 80%, and the fibers are carded againAnd (3) screening and standing for 2 hours, mixing and stirring vinyl trimethoxy silane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2:20, continuously spraying on the surface of the fiber mesh, and keeping the humidity of the fiber mesh to be more than 80%, wherein the superfine inorganic fiber comprises the components with the percentage of 51% SiO 2 、15％Fe 2 O 3 And FeO in a mass ratio of 1:1, 17% Al 2 O 3 、10％CaO、7％MgO；
2. At 80 knots/cm on the front side of the web 2 Needle punching frequency is 600rpm, and the conveying speed of the fiber net is 40m/min for pre-needle punching; then needling is sequentially performed from the front side subjected to pre-needling with the needling density of 200 needling/cm on the front side 2 The back surface is 280 thorns/cm 2 300 thorns/cm on the front face 2 The reverse side is 350 thorns/cm 2 Drying the superfine inorganic fiber felt formed by needling at 100 ℃ to prepare the superfine inorganic fiber felt;
step S2: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt
Adding the superfine inorganic fiber felt prepared in the step S1 into a mixed solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water and 5% hydrochloric acid alcohol solution according to the volume ratio of 10:30:5:1, wherein the mass volume ratio of the superfine inorganic fiber felt to the mixed solution is 0.1g:42mL, standing for 10h, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mould, standing for gel, then placing the gel into absolute ethyl alcohol, aging at 60 ℃ for 2 days, soaking the aged gel into a mixed solution of trimethylchlorosilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and n-hexane according to the volume ratio of 1:1:5 for 2h, and obtaining the superfine inorganic fiber silica-reinforced strong aerogel felt with the thickness of 2.4mm, wherein the volume ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the trimethylchlorosilane is 10:1;
step S3: preparation of the insulating layer
Pretreating the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the step S2 for 4 hours at 265 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1mm, curing for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain a heat insulation composite material with the thickness of 2.52mm, coating the heat insulation composite material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding and fixing the heat insulation composite material by adopting self-adhesive glass fiber with the thickness of 0.25mm, specifically, directly winding the end head on the pipe wall, wherein the width of the pipe wall is not less than one third of the bandwidth, winding backwards in a spiral winding mode, the lap joint size between the rings is not less than one half of the bandwidth, and sewing and sealing by adopting a high-strength high-resistance MAT line after winding is completed.
The vibration mass loss of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the embodiment is 0.7%, the total thickness of the prepared heat insulation layer is 2.78mm, and the bulk density is 114kg/m 3 The vibration mass loss is 0.6%, the glass fiber cloth in the heat insulation main material is tightly combined with the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, no empty bag and no fold are generated, the peeling strength reaches 2.9N/cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is as low as 0.047W/(m.k) at the high temperature of 500 ℃, and the highest use temperature is 650 ℃.
Example 2
The preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber felt
1. Cutting superfine inorganic fiber with diameter of 3-4 μm into length of 4-6 cm, opening and carding to form fiber net, warp density of 4.5-5.5 root/cm and dimensional density of 5.5-6.5 root/cm, using glycerin, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and water according to 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL of mixed solution is mixed and dissolved to form mixed solution, the formed mixed solution is heated to 85 ℃, then sprayed onto the surface of a fiber web until the surface humidity is above 80%, the fiber web is carded again and kept stand for 2 hours, then vinyltrimethoxysilane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed and stirred according to the volume ratio of 1:6:30, and the mixed solution is continuously sprayed onto the surface of the fiber web, so that the humidity is still above 80%, and the superfine inorganic fibers comprise 54% of SiO 2 、14％Fe 2 O 3 、14％Al 2 O 3 、10％CaO、8％MgO；
2. At 110 knots/cm on the front side of the web 2 Is needled with a needling frequency of 500rpm and a web transport rate of 50 m/min; then fromThe front surface subjected to pre-needling is sequentially subjected to needling with alternating front and back surfaces, and the needling density is 250 needling/cm on the front surface 2 The reverse side is 300 thorns/cm 2 Front 330 thorns/cm 2 The reverse side is 380 thorns/cm 2 Drying the superfine inorganic fiber felt formed by needling at 130 ℃ to prepare the superfine inorganic fiber felt;
step S2: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt
Adding the superfine inorganic fiber felt prepared in the step S1 into a mixed solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water and 5% hydrochloric acid alcohol solution according to the volume ratio of 10:20:6:1.5, wherein the mass volume ratio of the superfine inorganic fiber felt to the mixed solution is 0.2g:36mL, standing for 10h, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mould, standing for gel, then placing the gel into absolute ethyl alcohol, aging at 60 ℃ for 2 days, soaking the aged gel into a mixed solution of trimethylchlorosilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and n-hexane according to the volume ratio of 1:5:10 for 1h, and preparing the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt with the thickness of 2.5mm, wherein the volume ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the trimethylchlorosilane is 10:1;
step S3: preparation of the insulating layer
Pretreating the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the step S2 for 3 hours at 385 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.15mm, curing for 3 hours at 100 ℃ to obtain a heat insulation composite material with the thickness of 2.67mm, coating the heat insulation composite material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding and fixing the heat insulation composite material by adopting self-adhesive glass fiber with the thickness of 0.25mm, specifically, directly winding the end head on the pipe wall, wherein the width of the pipe wall is not less than one third of the bandwidth, winding backwards in a spiral winding mode, the lap joint size between the rings is not less than one half of the bandwidth, and sewing and sealing by adopting a high-strength high-resistance MAT line after winding is completed.
The vibration mass loss of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the embodiment is 0.7%, the total thickness of the prepared heat insulation layer is 2.92mm, and the bulk density is 116kg/m 3 Vibration mass loss of 0.6%, heat insulationThe glass fiber cloth in the main material is tightly combined with the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, no empty bag and no fold are generated, the peeling strength reaches 3.0N/cm, the heat conductivity coefficient is as low as 0.045W/(m.k) at the high temperature of 500 ℃, and the highest use temperature is 680 ℃.
Example 3
The preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber felt
1. Cutting superfine inorganic fiber with diameter of 3-4 μm into length of 4-6 cm, opening and carding to form fiber net, warp density of 4.5-5.5 root/cm and dimensional density of 5.5-6.5 root/cm, using glycerin, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and deionized water according to 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL of mixed solution is mixed and dissolved to form mixed solution, the formed mixed solution is heated to 80 ℃, then sprayed onto the surface of a fiber web until the surface humidity is above 80%, the fiber web is carded again and kept stand for 1.5h, then vinyltrimethoxysilane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed and stirred according to the volume ratio of 1:5:25, and the mixed solution is continuously sprayed onto the surface of the fiber web, so that the humidity is still above 80%, and the superfine inorganic fibers contain 53% of SiO 2 、13％Fe 2 O 3 And FeO in a mass ratio of 1:1, 16% Al 2 O 3 、10％CaO、8％MgO；
2. At 100 knots/cm on the front side of the web 2 Needle punching frequency is 550rpm, and the conveying speed of the fiber web is 45m/min for pre-needle punching; then needling is sequentially performed from the front side subjected to pre-needling with the needling density of 220 needling/cm from the front side 2 The back surface is 290 thorns/cm 2 320 thorns/cm from the front 2 The back surface is 360 thorns/cm 2 Drying the superfine inorganic fiber felt formed by needling at 120 ℃ to prepare the superfine inorganic fiber felt;
step S2: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt
Adding the superfine inorganic fiber felt prepared in the step S1 into a mixed solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water and 5% hydrochloric acid alcohol solution according to the volume ratio of 10:22:5.5:1.2, wherein the mass volume ratio of the superfine inorganic fiber felt to the mixed solution is 0.15g:40mL, standing for 10h, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mould, standing for gel, then placing the gel into absolute ethyl alcohol, aging at 60 ℃ for 2 days, soaking the aged gel into a mixed solution of trimethylchlorosilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and n-hexane according to the volume ratio of 1:3:6 for 1.5h, wherein the volume ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to trimethylchlorosilane is 10:1, and obtaining the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt with the thickness of 5.25 mm;
step S3: preparation of the insulating layer
Pretreating the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the step S2 for 3.5 hours at 325 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth with the thickness of 0.1mm, curing for 3.5 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain a heat insulation composite material with the thickness of 5.38mm, coating the heat insulation composite material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding and fixing the heat insulation composite material by adopting self-adhesive glass fiber with the thickness of 0.25mm, particularly directly winding the end head on one third of the width of the pipe wall, winding backwards in a spiral winding mode, and sewing and sealing by adopting a high-strength high-resistance MATar line after winding is completed.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 3 was followed using an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate sprayed onto the surface of the web.
Because the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the earlier stage has poor fiber dispersibility and breaks at different degrees, the mechanical properties of the silica aerogel felt are seriously reduced, and the phenomena of wrinkling, blank bag and the like are aggravated by pretreatment when the glass fiber cloth is bonded in the subsequent process.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 3 was used to prepare a superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel blanket, and then, without pretreatment, the surface was directly sprayed with flame retardant glue NBG-180, and the subsequent procedure was consistent with example 3.
In the preparation process, the sprayed viscose is gathered on the surface of the silica aerogel felt without pretreatment, so that the whole thickness of the heat insulation material is increased, and a few empty package folds are generated.
Comparative example 3
The conventional inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel blanket with the diameter of 9 mu m is used for replacing the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel blanket to prepare the heat insulation layer.
In comparative example 1, since glycerin is not adopted, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is difficult to enter the fiber web, the effect of the surfactant is exerted, the toughening effect is achieved, the fiber aggregation in the prepared superfine inorganic fiber felt is serious, the performance of preparing the silica aerogel felt as a reinforcing material is obviously affected, the bonding force between the superfine inorganic fiber felt and the glass fiber felt on the surface is poor, and the superfine inorganic fiber felt is easy to peel. Comparative example 2, since the pretreatment was not performed, the accumulation of the adhesive on the surface resulted in an increase in the overall thickness of the insulation layer, and void pockets and wrinkles occurred between the porous silica aerogel blanket and the glass fiber cloth, which was not an effect that we intended; in comparative example 3, the conventional inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt with a diameter of 9 μm is adopted, and although the heat insulation effect is improved compared with that of comparative example 2, the heat insulation effect still cannot reach the heat insulation layer of the ultrafine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel material of the invention, and the thickness is also increased to a certain extent, and if the inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt with a diameter of 9 μm is adopted, the thickness needs to reach more than 9mm to achieve the heat insulation performance as in example 3, the bulk density is also increased, so that the material is not beneficial to being used in special pipelines with light weight and thin thickness required for the heat insulation layer.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a light heat insulation layer for a special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the heat insulation main material on the surface of the pipeline is fixedly wound on the outermost peripheryThe heat insulation main material is formed by sequentially compounding superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, flame retardant adhesive and glass fiber cloth from inside to outside, wherein the thickness of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt is 0.1-0.5 mm, the thickness of the glass fiber cloth is 0.1+/-0.05 mm, and the surface density is 105+/-10 g/m 2 The type of the flame retardant adhesive is NBG-180, and the main components are vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water; the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 51-54% SiO 2 、7~15%Fe 2 O 3 And FeO, wherein the mixture is composed of 14-17% of Al 2 O 3 7-10% of CaO and 5-8% of MgO, specifically, an ultrafine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt with the diameter of 3-4 mu m is adopted as a reinforcing material, the ultrafine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt is prepared, the surface of the silica aerogel felt is pretreated for 3-4 hours at 325+/-60 ℃, then flame retardant glue is sprayed on the surface of the silica aerogel felt, a layer of glass fiber cloth is covered, a heat insulation main material is obtained through curing, the heat insulation main material is covered on the surface of a pipeline, and the pipeline is sealed after spiral winding of self-adhesive glass fibers is adopted.
2. The method for preparing the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the curing is carried out for 3-4 hours at 80+/-20 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the superfine inorganic fiber felt is formed by opening and carding 3-4 mu m superfine inorganic fibers, glycerin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are dissolved in warm water to form mixed liquid at 75-85 ℃, the mixed liquid is sprayed on the surface of the fiber web, then the fiber web is carded again, after standing for 1.5-2.5 hours, vinyl trimethoxy silane solution is continuously sprayed, and then needling is carried out to form the fiber felt.
4. The method for preparing the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mixed solution is sprayed to the fiber net with the humidity of more than 80 percent, and when the silane solution is sprayed, the fiber net with the humidity of more than 80 percent is achieved again.
5. The method for preparing the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass volume ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the glycerol and the water in the mixed solution is 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL.
6. The method for preparing the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vinyl trimethoxy silane solution is prepared by mixing and stirring vinyl trimethoxy silane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1:2-6:20-30, and standing for 1 h.
7. The preparation method of the light heat insulation layer for the special pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber felt
(1) Cutting superfine inorganic fibers with the diameter of 3-4 mu m into lengths of 4-6 cm, opening, carding into fiber nets, and mixing glycerol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and water according to the weight ratio of 1-3 g: 10-15 mL: 250-300 mL of mixed solution is mixed and dissolved to form mixed solution, the formed mixed solution is heated to 75-85 ℃, then sprayed onto the surface of a fiber web until the surface humidity is above 80%, the fiber web is carded again and kept stand for 1.5-2 h, then vinyltrimethoxysilane, water and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed and stirred according to the volume ratio of 1:2-6:20-30, and the mixed solution is continuously sprayed onto the surface of the fiber web, so that the humidity is still above 80%, and the mass percentage of each component contained in the superfine inorganic fiber is 51-54% SiO 2 、7~15%Fe 2 O 3 And FeO, wherein the mixture is composed of 14-17% of Al 2 O 3 、7~10%CaO、5~8%MgO；
(2) The front surface of the fiber web is perforated by 80 to 110 thorns/cm 2 Needling density of the fiber net is 500-600 rpm, and the conveying speed of the fiber net is 40-50 m/min for pre-needling; then needling with alternating front and back sides is sequentially performed from the front side subjected to pre-needling, wherein the needling density is sequentially 200-250 needling/cm from the front side 2 The back surface is 280-300Thorn/cm 2 300-330 thorns/cm on the front surface 2 The reverse surface is 350 to 380 thorns/cm 2 Drying the superfine inorganic fiber felt formed by needling at 100-130 ℃;
step S2: preparation of superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt
Adding the superfine inorganic fiber felt prepared in the step S1 into a mixed solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol, water and 5% hydrochloric acid alcohol solution according to the volume ratio of 10:20-30:5-6:1-1.5, wherein the mass volume ratio of the superfine inorganic fiber felt to the mixed solution is 0.1-0.2 g: 36-42 mL, standing for 10h, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, stirring for 15min, pouring into a mold, standing for gel, placing the gel into absolute ethyl alcohol, and aging for 2 days at 60 ℃;
step S3: preparation of the insulating layer
Pretreating the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt prepared in the step S2 for 3-4 hours at 325+/-60 ℃, spraying flame retardant glue on the surface of the superfine inorganic fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, covering a layer of glass fiber cloth, curing for 3-4 hours at 80+/-20 ℃ to obtain a heat insulation composite material, coating the heat insulation composite material on the surface of a pipeline, spirally winding and fixing the heat insulation composite material by adopting self-adhesive glass fibers, specifically, directly winding the end head on the width of the pipe wall to be not less than one third of the bandwidth, winding backwards in a spiral winding mode, and sewing and sealing by adopting a high-strength high-resistance MAT line after winding is completed.
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| CN114455934A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-05-10 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Preparation method of basalt fiber felt reinforced aerogel material |
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| CN113320242A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-31 | 山东伟瑞制冷科技有限公司 | Heat-insulating energy-saving decorative aluminum plate for building exterior wall and production process thereof |
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