CN114933400A - Oil sludge harmless treatment device - Google Patents
Oil sludge harmless treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114933400A CN114933400A CN202210508538.8A CN202210508538A CN114933400A CN 114933400 A CN114933400 A CN 114933400A CN 202210508538 A CN202210508538 A CN 202210508538A CN 114933400 A CN114933400 A CN 114933400A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
- B01D21/262—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a centrifuge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/02—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in boilers or stills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an oil sludge harmless treatment device which comprises an oil sludge inlet (1), wherein the oil sludge inlet (1) is connected with a roller impurity removal machine (2), the roller impurity removal machine (2) is sequentially connected with a first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), a second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) and a horizontal screw centrifuge (6) in series, and a reduction solvent storage tank (5) is respectively connected with the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3) and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) through pipelines; the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) and the reduction solvent storage tank (5) form a reduction treatment device, and a series of treatments such as reduction treatment, harmless treatment and pressure and the like are carried out on the oil sludge, so that the recovery amount of crude oil is improved, the waste residue, water and crude oil are effectively separated, and the treatment efficiency of the oil sludge can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to oil sludge treatment equipment, in particular to an oil sludge harmless treatment device.
Background
The tank cleaning oil sludge and the pigging sediment are heavy components such as paraffin, asphaltene and colloid in the oil product and a small amount of mechanical impurities, sand grains, soil, heavy metal salts and other inorganic impurities carried in the oil product in the oil storage tank during long-time storage, naturally settle due to density difference, accumulate at the bottom of the oil storage tank to form a black and thick colloidal substance layer, namely oil sludge, and the oil sludge accumulated at the bottom of the oil storage tank can seriously affect the quality of the oil product along with the passage of time to cause the reduction of the quality of the oil product;
domestic enterprises develop a great deal of technical research on the aspect of treating oily sludge, but at present, mature, economic, thorough and generally applicable treatment technologies are not formed, at present, the treatment modes of in-situ landfill and outsourcing are generally adopted, along with the increase of the environmental protection law enforcement, the oil sludge treatment cost in partial areas rises to 5000 yuan/t, the treatment cost is higher and higher continuously depending on the outsourcing mode, if targeted technologies are not further developed, the reduction and recycling of oil sludge are realized, the goal of harmless treatment of the oil sludge is reached, the oil sludge treatment brings heavy environmental protection pressure and huge economic loss to the enterprises, the production and sustainable development of the enterprises are restricted, in 2003, a sludge treatment station is built in the oil field of the Liaoning province, the oily sludge is treated by adopting an incineration method, and the treated solid waste is used as a building material, the method has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, and has the disadvantages that the valuable crude oil in the oily sludge is not recycled, and the incineration process generates atmospheric pollution; the main process of the Daqing oil field sludge treatment station is screening fluidization-tempering-centrifugation process, the main process equipment is introduced from Germany, and the sludge treatment process adopted by other oil fields in China is simple concentration and centrifugation; in a word, the domestic oily sludge treatment technology is still in the starting stage, the development process is simple, and the treatment cost is high, so that how to treat oily sludge efficiently is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus for harmless treatment of oil sludge, which can effectively and automatically treat oil sludge, increase the recovery of crude oil, effectively separate waste residues, water and crude oil, and effectively improve the efficiency and utilization rate of oil sludge treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a device for harmless treatment of oil sludge comprises an oil sludge inlet, wherein the oil sludge inlet is connected with a roller impurity remover; the method comprises a pretreatment stage, wherein a roller impurity remover 2 is arranged and is mainly used for pretreatment of oil sludge containing sand, large-particle oil sludge containing sand and the like can be mixed with hot water from a water tank, then sand and stone are screened out, a machine body is made of 304 stainless steel and is electrically heated, a heat insulation layer is arranged, oil sludge is manually poured into the roller impurity remover through an oil sludge inlet, hot water at 50 ℃ is pumped and heated at the same time, a screening roller is arranged in a dissolution impurity remover, large-particle impurities such as sand and the like can be separated out after the oil sludge-water mixture is screened, and the mixed material after impurity removal enters reduction treatment; the roller impurity removing machine is sequentially connected with a first reduction stirring reaction kettle, a second reduction stirring reaction kettle and a horizontal screw centrifuge in series, and a reduction solvent storage tank is respectively connected with the first reduction stirring reaction kettle and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle through pipelines; the first reduction stirring reaction kettle, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle and the reduction solvent storage tank form a reduction processing device; the stirring reaction kettle is used for fully mixing all phases in the reduction process and the harmless process, is made of 304 stainless steel, is electrically heated, is provided with a heat insulation layer, has a conical surface at the bottom, is convenient for discharging oil sludge, can realize stepless stirring speed regulation, can be automatically controlled by software, and can preset support parameters;
the horizontal screw centrifuge is respectively connected with the drier 7 and the disc centrifuge I; the first disc centrifuge is respectively connected with a crude oil outlet and a water tank through pipelines;
pumping an oil sludge-water mixed material into a reduction stirring reaction kettle which is added with hot water in advance, simultaneously adding a reduction reaction solvent into the reduction stirring reaction kettle, wherein the reaction solvent accounts for 3 per thousand-1% of the mass of the oil sludge, simultaneously supplementing water to ensure that the final water amount reaches 3 times of the oil sludge, dissolving and mixing at 50 ℃, pumping the mixture into a horizontal screw centrifuge through a diaphragm pump to separate out mud and an oil-water mixture with the oil content of less than 5%, and then respectively conveying the mud and the oil-water mixture to a drying machine and a disc centrifuge I;
drying the mud by a dryer, then feeding the mud into a harmless treatment system, pumping an oil-water mixture into a butterfly centrifuge for three-phase separation, recycling the separated water (the oil content is less than 5%) for a pretreatment system, barreling the crude oil, and feeding a solid phase into the dryer for drying;
the dryer 7 is connected with the first harmless stirring reaction kettle through a closed belt conveyor, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle is connected with the second harmless stirring reaction kettle through a pipeline, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle and the second harmless stirring reaction kettle are respectively connected with a harmless solvent storage tank through pipelines, and the first harmless stirring reaction kettle, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle and the harmless solvent storage tank form a harmless treatment device;
the harmless stirring reaction kettle two-way pipeline is connected with a vibration separation sieve, the vibration separation sieve is respectively connected with a second butterfly centrifuge and a thickener through pipelines, the second butterfly centrifuge is connected with the thickener through a pipeline, an electric valve is arranged between the second butterfly centrifuge and the thickener, and the thickener is provided with an earth outlet and is simultaneously connected with a water tank through a pipeline; the two-way pipeline of the butterfly centrifuge is connected with a distillation reaction kettle, the distillation reaction kettle is connected with a harmless solvent storage tank through a condenser, and the distillation reaction kettle is connected with a crude oil outlet through a pipeline;
in the harmless treatment stage, a butterfly centrifuge is arranged to separate suspension with low solid content and immiscible liquid with small specific gravity difference according to centrifugal force;
the oil sludge after the reduction treatment enters a dryer through a conveyor, the oil sludge after being dried until the water content is less than 10% enters a harmless reaction kettle through a closed belt conveyor, a harmless solvent is added at the same time, the harmless solvent accounts for 1% -5% of the mass of the initial oil sludge, the mixture after the reaction enters an oscillating separation screen through a diaphragm pump to be separated to obtain solid-phase oil sludge and an oil-water mixture, the oil-water mixture is subdivided through a butterfly centrifuge II to obtain an oil-water mixture and fine-particle solid-phase oil sludge, the oil-water mixture is pumped into a distillation reaction kettle, electric heating is adopted, distillation separation is carried out at 170-200 ℃, the gas phase is the harmless solvent, and the harmless solvent is recycled through circulating water condensation and is used for a harmless treatment system or barreling for recycling and storing; crude oil is recycled from the bottom of the distillation reaction kettle, the obtained solid-phase oil sludge is mixed with water at 40 ℃, then the mixture is pumped into a butterfly centrifuge through a diaphragm pump for secondary treatment and then discharged into a thickener, the overflow residual oil-soluble mixture is discharged through an earth outlet and then recycled, the overflow water is conveyed to a water tank for recycling, the solid phase is settled to finally-treated earth (the oil content is less than 3 per thousand), and the air-drying is carried out, wherein the thickener can be used for standing and separating oil, mud and water and is made of 304 stainless steel;
the water tank is respectively connected with the roller impurity remover, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle, the vibration separation sieve, the second butterfly centrifuge and the distillation reaction kettle through pipelines to form a water supply device;
in order to enable sticky oil sludge to flow in a pipeline, diaphragm pumps are arranged among the roller impurity removing machine, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle, the reduction solvent storage tank, the horizontal screw centrifuge, the dryer, the first disc centrifuge, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle, the harmless solvent storage tank, the vibration separation sieve, the second disc centrifuge, the distillation reaction kettle, the condenser, the thickener, the soil outlet, the crude oil outlet and the water tank.
In order to better pre-treat the petroleum mud containing sand, large-particle oil sludge containing sand, sand and the like is mixed with hot water, and then the sand and the sand are screened out, the roller impurity removing machine comprises a screening roller, a heating layer, a feeding groove, anti-skidding feet and a roller impurity removing machine support, wherein the screening roller is arranged at the upper part of the roller impurity removing machine support through a rotating shaft, and the anti-skidding feet are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the roller impurity removing machine support; the zone of heating sets up at screening cylinder inner wall, and the one end at the screening cylinder is installed to the feed chute.
In order to better separate the solid phase from the liquid phase of the mixture, the horizontal screw centrifuge comprises a main machine of the horizontal screw centrifuge, a feed inlet, a differential mechanism, a bearing seat, a liquid level adjusting sheet, a liquid phase outlet, a solid phase outlet, a spiral material pusher, a liquid pool, a material distributing device, a rotary drum and a housing, wherein the surface of the main machine of the horizontal screw centrifuge is provided with the housing, the middle part of one end of the housing is provided with the feed inlet, and the feed inlet is opposite to one end of the material distributing device; the spiral material pusher is movably arranged on a longitudinal central axis of a horizontal screw centrifuge main machine, the material distribution device is aligned to one end of the connected spiral material pusher, the other end of the spiral material pusher is connected with a rotating shaft of the differential mechanism, and the bearing seat is sleeved with the rotating shaft of the differential mechanism; the spiral pusher is arranged in a liquid pool, and the outer surface of the liquid pool is formed by the inner side surface of the rotary drum; a liquid level adjusting sheet is fixedly installed at one end, close to the differential, in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine, a liquid phase outlet is formed in the bottom of the lower portion of the liquid level adjusting sheet in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine, and a solid phase outlet is formed in the bottom of the other end, opposite to the liquid phase outlet, in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine;
the arrangement of the horizontal screw centrifuge is mainly used for solid-liquid phase separation of a mixture, a rotary drum and a screw pusher rotate at a high speed in the same direction at a certain differential speed, materials are continuously introduced into a conveying screw inner cylinder from a feeding hole, enter the rotary drum after being accelerated, under the action of a centrifugal force field, heavy solid-phase substances are deposited on the inner wall of the rotary drum to form a sediment layer, the screw pusher continuously and continuously dehydrates the deposited solid-phase substances through a drying zone at one end of the rotary drum and then discharges the solid-phase substances out of the machine through a slag discharge hole, the light liquid-phase substances form an inner-layer liquid ring, the inner-layer liquid ring continuously overflows from an overflow hole at the large end of the rotary drum, and the inner-layer liquid ring is discharged out of the machine through a liquid discharge hole.
Preferably, the driven screening drum is driven by a motor.
In order to enable sticky oil sludge to flow in a pipeline, diaphragm pumps are arranged among the roller impurity removing machine, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle, the reduction solvent storage tank, the horizontal screw centrifuge, the dryer, the first disc centrifuge, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle, the harmless solvent storage tank, the vibration separation sieve, the second disc centrifuge, the distillation reaction kettle, the condenser, the thickener, the soil outlet, the crude oil outlet and the water tank.
The dryer is internally provided with an electric heating layer, and the surface of the dryer is provided with a belt flow fan.
In order to accurately control the temperature, the roller impurity removing machine, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle, the dryer, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle, the distillation reaction kettle and the water tank are all provided with temperature control modules.
In order to enable the equipment to automatically operate, the roller impurity removing machine, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle, the dryer, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle, the distillation reaction kettle, the water tank, the temperature control module and the diaphragm pump are all electrically connected with the controller.
By means of the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, through the matching work of various devices, the resource recovery of the heavy oil sludge is realized, the amount of the oil sludge is greatly reduced, and powdery solids are formed after the oil sludge treatment, so that a foundation is laid for the subsequent industrial treatment research;
2. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the roller impurity removing machine, the sand-containing oil sludge can be pretreated, the oil sludge containing large particles such as sand and the like is mixed with hot water, and then the oil sludge-water mixture can be screened to separate large-particle impurities such as sand and the like, so that the subsequent treatment quality is improved, and the working efficiency of workers is improved.
3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the stirring reaction kettle, the bottom is a conical surface, so that oil sludge can be conveniently discharged, stepless stirring speed regulation is realized, automatic software control is realized, support parameters are preset, the working speed of workers can be accelerated, after a power supply is connected, under the action of a centrifugal force field, heavy solid-phase substances are deposited on the inner wall of the rotary drum to form a sediment layer, a spiral material pusher continuously and continuously dehydrates the deposited solid-phase substances through a drying zone at one end of the rotary drum and then discharges the solid-phase substances out of the machine through a residue discharge port, the light liquid-phase substances form an inner-layer liquid ring, the inner-layer liquid ring continuously overflows from an overflow port at the large end of the rotary drum and is discharged out of the machine through a liquid discharge port, and the three-phase separation can be realized by matching with the use of a butterfly centrifuge, separated water is recycled for a pretreatment system, crude oil is barreled, and the solid-phase enters a dryer for drying, so that the solid-phase substances can be classified and collected;
4. the invention can recover the overflowed residual oil-soluble mixture by using the butterfly centrifuge according to the centrifugal force to separate the suspension with lower solid content and the mutually insoluble liquid with smaller specific gravity difference and matching with the thickener, and the settled solid phase is finally treated to obtain the soil, thereby leading the device to have better usability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a decanter centrifuge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thickener according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a stirred tank reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drum cleaner according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the disk centrifuge of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an oil sludge inlet, 2, a roller impurity removing machine, 2-1, a screening roller, 2-2, a heating layer, 2-3, a feeding groove, 2-4, an anti-skid foot, 2-5, a roller impurity removing machine support, 3, a first reduction stirring reaction kettle, 4, a second reduction stirring reaction kettle, 5, a reduction solvent storage tank, 6, a horizontal screw centrifuge, 6-1, a horizontal screw centrifuge host, 6-2, a feeding hole, 6-3, a differential mechanism, 6-4, a bearing seat, 6-5, a liquid level adjusting sheet, 6-6, a liquid phase, 6-7, a solid phase, 6-8, a spiral material pushing device, 6-9, a liquid pool, 6-10, a material distributing device, 6-11, a rotary drum, 6-12, a housing, 7, a drying machine, 8, a first disc centrifuge, 9 and a closed belt conveyor, 10. the device comprises a first harmless stirring reaction kettle, a second harmless stirring reaction kettle, a 12 harmless solvent storage tank, a 13 vibration separation sieve, a 14 butterfly centrifuge, a 15 distillation reaction kettle, a 16 condenser, a 17 thickener, a 18 soil outlet, a 19 crude oil outlet, a 20 water tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, the apparatus for harmless treatment of oil sludge comprises an oil sludge inlet 1, wherein the oil sludge inlet 1 is connected with a roller cleaner 2; the method comprises a pretreatment stage, wherein a roller impurity remover 2 is arranged and is mainly used for pretreatment of oil sludge containing sand, large-particle oil sludge containing sand and the like can be mixed with hot water from a water tank 20, then sand and stone are screened out, a machine body is made of 304 stainless steel and is electrically heated, a heat insulation layer is arranged, oil sludge is manually poured into the roller impurity remover through an oil sludge inlet 1, hot water at 50 ℃ is pumped and heated at the same time, a screening roller is arranged in a dissolution impurity remover, a screening roller is arranged in the oil sludge-water mixture, large-particle impurities such as sand and the like can be separated out after screening, and the mixed material after impurity removal enters reduction treatment; the roller impurity removing machine 2 is sequentially connected with a first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, a second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4 and a horizontal screw centrifuge 6 in series, and a reduction solvent storage tank 5 is respectively connected with the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3 and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4 through pipelines; the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4 and the reduction solvent storage tank 5 form a reduction processing device; the stirring reaction kettle is used for fully mixing all phases in the reduction process and the harmless process, is made of 304 stainless steel, is electrically heated, is provided with a heat insulation layer, has a conical surface at the bottom, is convenient for discharging oil sludge, can realize stepless stirring speed regulation, can be automatically controlled by software, and can preset support parameters;
the horizontal screw centrifuge 6 is respectively connected with a drier 7 and a disc centrifuge I8; the first disk centrifuge 8 is respectively connected with a crude oil outlet 19 and a water tank 20 through pipelines;
pumping the oil sludge-water mixed material into a reduction stirring reaction kettle which is added with hot water in advance, simultaneously adding a reduction reaction solvent into the reduction stirring reaction kettle, wherein the reaction solvent accounts for 3 per thousand-1% of the mass of the oil sludge, simultaneously supplementing water to enable the final water amount to reach 3 times of the oil sludge, dissolving and mixing at 50 ℃, pumping the mixture into a horizontal screw centrifuge 6 through a diaphragm pump to separate out mud and an oil-water mixture with the oil content of less than 5%, and then respectively conveying the mud and the oil-water mixture to a dryer 7 and a disc centrifuge I8;
drying the mud by a dryer 7, then entering a harmless treatment system, pumping an oil-water mixture into a butterfly centrifuge 6 for three-phase separation, recovering the separated water (the oil content is less than 5%) for a pretreatment system, barreling the crude oil, and drying the solid phase in the dryer;
the dryer 7 is connected with a first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10 through a closed belt conveyor 9, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10 is connected with a second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11 through a pipeline, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10 and the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11 are respectively connected with a harmless solvent storage tank 12 through pipelines, and the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11 and the harmless solvent storage tank 12 form a harmless treatment device;
the harmless stirring reaction kettle II 11 is connected with a vibration separation sieve 13 through a pipeline, the vibration separation sieve 13 is respectively connected with a butterfly centrifuge II 14 and a thickener 17 through pipelines, the butterfly centrifuge II 14 is connected with the thickener 17 through a pipeline, an electric valve is arranged between the butterfly centrifuge II 14 and the thickener 17, and the thickener 17 is provided with a soil outlet 18 and is simultaneously connected with a water tank 20 through a pipeline; the second butterfly centrifuge 14 is connected with a distillation reaction kettle 15 through a pipeline, the distillation reaction kettle 15 is connected with a harmless solvent storage tank 12 through a condenser 16, and the distillation reaction kettle 15 is connected with a crude oil outlet 19 through a pipeline;
in the harmless treatment stage, a butterfly centrifuge is arranged to separate suspension with lower solid content and immiscible liquid with smaller specific gravity difference according to centrifugal force;
the oil sludge after the reduction treatment enters a dryer 7 through a conveyor, the oil sludge after being dried until the water content is less than 10% enters a harmless reaction kettle through a closed belt conveyor 9, a harmless solvent is added at the same time, the harmless solvent accounts for 1% -5% of the mass of the initial oil sludge, the reacted mixture enters an oscillation separation sieve 13 through a diaphragm pump to be separated to obtain solid-phase oil sludge and an oil-water mixture, the oil-water mixture is subdivided through a second butterfly centrifuge 14 to obtain an oil-water mixture and fine-particle solid-phase oil sludge, an oil solution is pumped into a distillation reaction kettle 15, the distillation separation is carried out at 170-200 ℃ by adopting electric heating, the gas phase is the harmless solvent, and the harmless solvent is recycled through circulating water condensation and is used for a harmless treatment system or barreling for recycling and storage; crude oil is recycled from the bottom of the distillation reaction kettle 15, the obtained solid-phase oil sludge is mixed with water at 40 ℃, then the mixture is pumped into a butterfly centrifuge II 14 through a diaphragm pump for treatment and then discharged into a thickener 17, the overflow residual oil-soluble mixture is discharged through a soil outlet 18 for recycling, the overflow obtained water is conveyed to a water tank 20 for recycling, the sedimentation solid phase is finally treated to obtain soil (the oil content is less than 3 per mill), and the soil is dried in the air, and the thickener 17 can be used for standing and separating oil, mud and water and is made of 304 stainless steel;
the water tank 20 is connected with the roller impurity remover 2, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4, the oscillating separation sieve 13, the second butterfly centrifuge 14 and the distillation reaction kettle 15 through pipelines to form a water supply device;
as shown in fig. 1, in order to enable viscous oil sludge to flow in the pipeline, diaphragm pumps are respectively arranged among the drum type impurity remover 2, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4, the first reduction solvent storage tank 5, the horizontal screw centrifuge 6, the dryer 7, the first disc centrifuge 8, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11, the second harmless solvent storage tank 12, the oscillating separation sieve 13, the second disc centrifuge 14, the distillation reaction kettle 15, the condenser 16, the thickener 17, the soil outlet 18, the crude oil outlet 19 and the water tank 20.
In order to better pre-treat the sand-containing petroleum mud, mix the oil mud containing large particles such as sand and stone with hot water, and then screen out the sand and stone, as shown in fig. 5, the roller shaker 2 comprises a screening roller 2-1, a heating layer 2-2, a feeding groove 2-3, anti-slip feet 2-4 and a roller shaker bracket 2-5, wherein the screening roller 2-1 is arranged at the upper part of the roller shaker bracket 2-5 through a rotating shaft, and the anti-slip feet 2-4 are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the roller shaker bracket 2-5; the heating layer 2-2 is arranged on the inner wall of the screening roller 2-1, and the feeding groove 2-3 is arranged at one end of the screening roller 2-1.
In order to better separate the solid and liquid phases of the mixture, as shown in fig. 2, the horizontal decanter centrifuge 6 comprises a horizontal decanter centrifuge main machine 6-1, a feed inlet 6-2, a differential mechanism 6-3, a bearing seat 6-4, a liquid level adjusting sheet 6-5, a liquid phase outlet 6-6, a solid phase outlet 6-7, a spiral pusher 6-8, a liquid pool 6-9, a material distributing device 6-10, a rotary drum 6-11 and a housing 6-12, wherein the surface of the horizontal decanter centrifuge main machine 6-1 is provided with the housing 6-12, the feed inlet 6-2 is installed in the middle of one end of the housing 6-12, and the feed inlet 6-2 is opposite to one end of the material distributing device 6-10; the spiral pusher 6-8 is movably installed on a longitudinal central axis of a horizontal screw centrifuge main machine 6-1, the material distribution device 6-10 is aligned to one end of the spiral pusher 6-8, the other end of the spiral pusher 6-8 is connected with a rotating shaft of the differential mechanism 6-3, and the bearing seat 6-4 is sleeved with the rotating shaft of the differential mechanism 6-3; the spiral pusher 6-8 is arranged in the liquid pool 6-9, and the outer surface of the liquid pool 6-9 is formed by the inner side surface of the rotary drum 6-11; a liquid level adjusting sheet 6-5 is fixedly installed at one end, close to the differential mechanism 6-3, in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine 6-1, a liquid phase outlet 6-6 is formed in the bottom of the lower portion of the liquid level adjusting sheet 6-5 in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine 6-1, and a solid phase outlet 6-7 is formed in the bottom of the other end, opposite to the liquid phase outlet 6-6, in the horizontal screw centrifuge main machine 6-1;
the arrangement of the horizontal screw centrifuge 6 is mainly used for solid-liquid phase separation of a mixture, a rotary drum 6-11 and a spiral pusher 6-8 rotate at a high speed in the same direction at a certain differential speed, materials are continuously introduced into a material conveying spiral inner cylinder from a feeding port 6-2, the materials enter the rotary drum 6-11 after being accelerated, under the action of a centrifugal force field, heavy solid-phase substances are deposited on the inner wall of the rotary drum 6-11 to form a sediment layer, the spiral pusher 6-8 continuously passes through a drying zone at one end of the rotary drum 6-11 for further dehydration and then is discharged out of the machine through a slag discharge port, light liquid-phase substances form an inner-layer liquid ring, and the inner-layer liquid ring continuously overflows 6-11 from an overflow port at the large end of the rotary drum 6-11 and is discharged out of the machine through a liquid discharge port.
Preferably, the driven screening drum 2-1 is driven by a motor.
In order to enable sticky oil sludge to flow in a pipeline, diaphragm pumps are arranged among the roller impurity removing machine 2, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4, the reduction solvent storage tank 5, the horizontal screw centrifuge 6, the dryer 7, the first disc centrifuge 8, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11, the harmless solvent storage tank 12, the vibration separation sieve 13, the second disc centrifuge 14, the distillation reaction kettle 15, the condenser 16, the thickener 17, the soil outlet 18, the crude oil outlet 19 and the water tank 20.
The dryer 7 is internally provided with an electric heating layer, and the surface of the dryer is provided with a belt flow fan.
In order to accurately control the temperature, the roller impurity removing machine 2, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4, the dryer 7, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11, the distillation reaction kettle 15 and the water tank 20 are all provided with temperature control modules.
In order to enable the equipment to automatically operate, the roller impurity removing machine 2, the first reduction stirring reaction kettle 3, the second reduction stirring reaction kettle 4, the dryer 7, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle 10, the second harmless stirring reaction kettle 11, the distillation reaction kettle 15, the water tank 20, the temperature control module and the diaphragm pump are electrically connected with the controller.
When in use, the oil sludge harmless treatment device is installed and connected with corresponding pipeline equipment to be put into operation.
Has the beneficial effects that: the resource recovery of the heavy oil sludge is realized through the matching work of various devices, the oil sludge is greatly reduced, and powdery solid is formed after the oil sludge is treated, so that a foundation is laid for the subsequent industrial treatment research; through the setting of cylinder shaker, can contain the preliminary treatment of carrying on of grit fatlute, contain the fatlute of large granule such as grit and mix with hot water, can separate out large granule debris such as grit with fatlute-water mixture after the screening to subsequent treatment quality has been improved, staff's work efficiency has been improved. Through the arrangement of a stirring reaction kettle, the bottom is a conical surface, so that oil sludge can be conveniently discharged, stepless stirring speed regulation is realized, automatic control can be realized through software, support parameters are preset, the working speed of workers can be accelerated, after a power supply is connected, heavy solid-phase substances are deposited on the inner wall of a rotary drum to form a slag layer under the action of a centrifugal force field, a spiral pusher continuously and continuously discharges the deposited solid-phase substances out of the machine through a slag discharge port after further dehydration is carried out in a drying zone at one end of the rotary drum, light liquid-phase substances form an inner-layer liquid ring, the inner-layer liquid ring continuously overflows the rotary drum from an overflow port at the large end of the rotary drum, the inner-layer liquid ring is discharged out of the machine through a liquid discharge port, the three-phase separation can be carried out by matching with the use of a butterfly centrifuge, the separated water is recycled for a pretreatment system, crude oil is barreled, and the solid phase enters a dryer for drying, so that the solid phase can be classified and collected; through the setting of butterfly centrifuge, can make the suspension that contains the solid content lower, the less mutually immiscible liquid branch of specific gravity difference according to centrifugal force, the use of collocation thickener can be retrieved overflow out residual oil solution mixture, subsides the solid phase and is the earth that final treatment obtained to make the device have better usability.
When the invention is used, the concrete work is as follows:
the oil sludge enters equipment from an oil sludge inlet 1, firstly enters a roller impurity removing machine 2 which is already added with hot water, water in the roller impurity removing machine 2 comes from a water tank 20, the roller impurity removing machine 2 can mix the oil sludge containing large particles such as sand and stone with the hot water, then sand and stone are screened out, the screened oil sludge enters a reduction treatment stage, a reduction reaction solvent is added after the treatment of two reduction stirring reaction kettles, the reaction solvent accounts for 3 per thousand-1 percent of the mass of the oil sludge, water is supplemented at the same time, the final water amount reaches 3 times of the oil sludge, the oil sludge is dissolved and mixed at 50 ℃, the mixture is pumped into a horizontal screw centrifuge 6 through a diaphragm pump to separate mud and an oil-water mixture with the oil content of less than 5 percent, the mud enters a harmless treatment system after being dried by a dryer 7, the mixture is pumped into a first butterfly centrifuge 8 to carry out three-phase separation, and the separated water (the oil content of less than 5 percent) is recycled to the water tank 20 for a pretreatment system, crude oil is barreled, and the solid phase enters a drier 7 for drying;
the oil sludge after the reduction treatment enters a dryer 7 through a belt conveyor, the oil sludge after being dried until the water content is less than 10% enters a harmless reaction kettle through a closed belt conveyor 9, a harmless solvent is added at the same time, the harmless solvent accounts for 1% -5% of the mass of the initial oil sludge, after the reaction of the two harmless reaction kettles, the mixture enters a vibration separation sieve 13 through a diaphragm pump to be separated to obtain solid-phase oil sludge and an oil-water mixture, the oil-water mixture is subdivided through a butterfly centrifuge 14 to obtain an oil-water mixture and fine-particle solid-phase oil sludge, an oil solution is pumped into a distillation reaction kettle 15, the mixture is subjected to distillation separation at 170-200 ℃ by adopting electric heating, a gas phase is a harmless solvent, and the harmless solvent is recycled through circulating water condensation and is used for entering a harmless treatment system again and being reused; the bottom of the distiller is used for recovering crude oil, the obtained solid-phase oil sludge is mixed with water at 40 ℃, then the mixture is pumped into a thickener 17 through a diaphragm pump to stand, a residual oil-soluble mixture overflows to be recovered, the overflowing water is recycled, the settled solid phase is soil (the oil content is less than 3 per mill) obtained through final treatment, and the soil is dried in the air, wherein the thickener 17 can be used for standing and separating oil, mud and water.
Claims (7)
1. A sludge innocent treatment device comprises a sludge inlet (1), and is characterized in that the sludge inlet (1) is connected with a roller impurity removal machine (2), the roller impurity removal machine (2) is sequentially connected with a first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), a second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) and a horizontal screw centrifuge (6) in series, and a reduction solvent storage tank (5) is respectively connected with the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3) and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) through pipelines; the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) and the reduction solvent storage tank (5) form a reduction treatment device;
the horizontal screw centrifugal machine (6) is respectively connected with the drier (7) and the disc type centrifugal machine I (8); the disc centrifuge I (8) is respectively connected with a crude oil outlet (19) and a water tank (20) through pipelines;
the dryer (7) is connected with a first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10) through a closed belt conveyor (9), the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10) is connected with a second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11) through a pipeline, the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10) and the second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11) are respectively connected with a harmless solvent storage tank (12) through pipelines, and the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10), the second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11) and the harmless solvent storage tank (12) form a harmless treatment device;
the harmless stirring reaction kettle II (11) is connected with a vibration separation sieve (13) through a pipeline, the vibration separation sieve (13) is respectively connected with a butterfly centrifuge II (14) and a thickener (17) through pipelines, the butterfly centrifuge II (14) is connected with the thickener (17) through a pipeline, an electric valve is arranged between the butterfly centrifuge II (14) and the thickener (17), and the thickener (17) is provided with a soil outlet (18) and is simultaneously connected with a water tank (20) through a pipeline; the second butterfly centrifuge (14) is connected with a distillation reaction kettle (15) through a pipeline, the distillation reaction kettle (15) is connected with a harmless solvent storage tank (12) through a condenser (16), and the distillation reaction kettle (15) is connected with a crude oil outlet (19) through a pipeline;
the water tank (20) is connected with the roller impurity removing machine (2), the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3) and the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4) through pipelines respectively, and the vibration separation sieve (13), the second butterfly centrifuge (14) and the distillation reaction kettle (15) form a water supply device;
the device comprises a roller impurity removing machine (2), a first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), a second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4), a reduction solvent storage tank (5), a horizontal screw centrifuge (6), a dryer (7), a first disc centrifuge (8), a first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10), a second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11), a harmless solvent storage tank (12), a vibration separation sieve (13), a second disc centrifuge (14), a distillation reaction kettle (15), a condenser (16), a thickener (17), an earth outlet (18), a crude oil outlet (19) and a water tank (20), wherein diaphragm pumps are arranged between the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (11), the second harmless solvent storage tank, the second vibration separation sieve (13), the second disc centrifuge (14), the distillation reaction kettle (15), the condenser (16), the thickener (17), the earth outlet (18), the crude oil outlet (19) and the water tank (20).
2. The harmless treatment device for oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein the roller cleaner (2) comprises a screening roller (2-1), a heating layer (2-2), a feeding tank (2-3), anti-skid feet (2-4) and a roller cleaner bracket (2-5), the screening roller (2-1) is installed at the upper part of the roller cleaner bracket (2-5) through a rotating shaft, and the anti-skid feet (2-4) are fixedly installed at the lower part of the roller cleaner bracket (2-5); the heating layer (2-2) is arranged on the inner wall of the screening roller (2-1), and the feeding groove (2-3) is arranged at one end of the screening roller (2-1).
3. The oil sludge harmless treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal screw centrifuge (6) comprises a horizontal screw centrifuge main machine (6-1), a feed inlet (6-2), a differential (6-3), a bearing seat (6-4), a liquid level adjusting sheet (6-5) and a liquid phase outlet (6-6), the device comprises a solid phase outlet (6-7), a spiral pusher (6-8), a liquid pool (6-9), a material distribution device (6-10), a rotary drum (6-11) and a housing (6-12), wherein the housing (6-12) is arranged on the surface of a horizontal screw centrifuge main machine (6-1), a feeding hole (6-2) is arranged in the middle of one end of the housing (6-12), and the feeding hole (6-2) is opposite to one end of the material distribution device (6-10); the spiral pusher (6-8) is movably arranged on a longitudinal central axis of a horizontal screw centrifuge main machine (6-1), the material distribution device (6-10) is aligned to one end of the spiral pusher (6-8), the other end of the spiral pusher (6-8) is connected with a rotating shaft of the differential mechanism (6-3), and the bearing seat (6-4) is sleeved with the rotating shaft of the differential mechanism (6-3); the spiral pusher (6-8) is arranged in the liquid pool (6-9), and the outer surface of the liquid pool (6-9) is formed by the inner side surface of the rotary drum (6-11); a liquid level adjusting sheet (6-5) is fixedly installed at one end, close to the differential (6-3), in the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine host (6-1), a liquid phase outlet (6-6) is arranged at the bottom below the liquid level adjusting sheet (6-5) in the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine host (6-1), and a solid phase outlet (6-7) is arranged at the bottom of the other end, opposite to the liquid phase outlet (6-6), in the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine host (6-1).
4. The apparatus for harmless treatment of oily sludge according to claim 2, wherein the driving screening drum (2-1) is driven by a motor.
5. The harmless treatment device for oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein the dryer (7) is internally provided with an electric heating layer, and the surface of the dryer is provided with a belt flow fan.
6. The device for harmless treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the roller cleaner (2), the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4), the dryer (7), the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10), the second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11), the distillation reaction kettle (15) and the water tank (20) are all provided with a temperature control module.
7. The device for harmless treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the roller impurity remover (2), the first reduction stirring reaction kettle (3), the second reduction stirring reaction kettle (4), the dryer (7), the first harmless stirring reaction kettle (10), the second harmless stirring reaction kettle (11), the distillation reaction kettle (15), the water tank (20), the temperature control module and the diaphragm pump are all electrically connected with the control machine.
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