CN114931233A - Tobacco aroma component, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tobacco aroma component, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114931233A CN114931233A CN202210673445.0A CN202210673445A CN114931233A CN 114931233 A CN114931233 A CN 114931233A CN 202210673445 A CN202210673445 A CN 202210673445A CN 114931233 A CN114931233 A CN 114931233A
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 31
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco aroma component, which comprises the following steps: A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity; B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dried tobacco; C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues; D) and carrying out multistage condensation and enrichment on the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components. The specific high-temperature thermal cracking method of the invention does not need to use solvent, can fully release the aroma components in the tobacco and combine with specific condensation enrichment, and obtains the aroma components with high yield and high quality without any exogenous impurities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco, in particular to a tobacco aroma component, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The tobacco aroma components are substances extracted from tobacco and contain tobacco aroma, and are very close to the tobacco aroma compared with the spices commonly used in the tobacco industry. The tobacco aroma components are used as the aroma additives for preparing the tobacco products, so that the tobacco aroma of the tobacco products can be remarkably improved, and the effect of improving the smoking experience of the tobacco is optimal compared with other additives. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology for efficiently obtaining the aroma components in tobacco so as to prepare a tobacco product with better quality by using the tobacco aroma components as additives.
The existing methods for extracting the tobacco aroma components mainly comprise hydrothermal extraction, solvent extraction and the like, wherein the reaction temperature is usually lower than 300 ℃ due to the limitation of the technological process, but a large amount of aroma components in the tobacco can be cracked and released at higher temperature, so the hydrothermal extraction, the solvent extraction and the like cannot fully extract the aroma components in the tobacco. On the other hand, the methods such as hydrothermal extraction and solvent extraction generally require the use of water or an organic solvent, and thus the solvent needs to be removed after the reaction, which results in the loss of the aroma components and the reduction of the purity thereof, and also involves the incorporation of exogenous impurities to reduce the quality thereof.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for sufficiently extracting tobacco aroma components with high purity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tobacco aroma component with high purity.
The invention provides a preparation method of tobacco aroma components, which comprises the following steps:
A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity;
B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dried tobacco;
C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues;
D) and carrying out multistage condensation and enrichment on the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components.
Preferably, the temperature of the aroma raising pretreatment in the step A) is 80-150 ℃, the humidity is 10-35%, the treatment time is 2-15 h, and the pretreatment equipment is a constant temperature and humidity box.
Preferably, before the flavor extraction pretreatment in the step A), the tobacco raw material is treated by acid-base treatment liquid for 4-48 h; the pH value of the acid-base treatment liquid is 3-6 or 8-10; copper ions or iron ions can also be added into the acid-base treatment liquid.
Preferably, the drying in the step B) is carried out for 0.5-4h at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, the drying equipment is a tobacco drying cylinder, and the moisture content of the tobacco after the drying treatment is 4-12% by mass; the crushing treatment is to crush the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.25 mm.
Preferably, the thermal cracking reaction in step C) is carried out in two steps, specifically:
i) carrying out primary cracking reaction on the crushed tobacco for 10-15 minutes at 380-420 ℃ under the condition of 6-9% oxygen concentration to obtain primary volatile matters and primary cracking semicoke;
ii) carrying out secondary cracking reaction on the primary cracked semicoke under the conditions of inert atmosphere and 500-700 ℃ to generate secondary volatile matters and residues; the reaction time of the second-stage cracking reaction is 10-60 minutes.
Preferably, during the thermal cracking reaction of the step C, the temperature rise rate of the sample is 10-200 ℃/s.
Preferably, the condensation temperature in the step D) is 0-25 ℃, and the condensation time is more than 30 s.
Preferably, the step D) adopts a fractional condensation mode, specifically:
the method comprises two modes, specifically:
the first-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into a first-stage condenser and a second-stage condenser for condensation, and the second-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser for condensation, wherein the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser are sequentially connected in series for condensation;
or the first-stage volatile matter is introduced into a first-stage condenser, and the second-stage volatile matter is condensed by a second-stage condenser.
Preferably, the temperature of the primary condenser is 20-30 ℃; the temperature of the secondary condenser is 0-10 ℃.
The invention provides a tobacco aroma component which is prepared by any one of the preparation methods in the technical scheme.
The invention provides a tobacco product which comprises the tobacco aroma components in the technical scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco aroma component, which comprises the following steps: A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity; B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dried tobacco; C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues; D) condensing and enriching the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components. The specific high-temperature thermal cracking method of the invention does not need to use solvent, can fully release the aroma components in the tobacco and combine with specific condensation enrichment, and obtains the aroma components with high yield and high quality without any exogenous impurities.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tobacco aroma component, a preparation method and application thereof, and a person skilled in the art can use the content for reference and appropriately improve process parameters to realize the tobacco aroma component. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco aroma component, which comprises the following steps:
A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity;
B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dried tobacco;
C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues;
D) and carrying out multistage condensation and enrichment on the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components.
The effective components released in the smoking process of the tobacco are derived from volatile matters released in the decomposition of the tobacco, so the volatile matters of the tobacco are natural and optimal effective components.
The method utilizes a tobacco aroma component extraction process taking thermal cracking as a core to realize condensation and enrichment of effective components in volatile matters generated by thermal cracking of tobacco, and obtain effective tobacco components. Effective tobacco ingredients are further loaded into tobacco as additives to prepare tobacco products, so that the loading capacity and the smoking experience of effective components of the tobacco products are expected to be remarkably improved, the smoking experience is the same as that of natural tobacco, the safety is high, and the tobacco products are easy to obtain the recognition of consumers.
According to the preparation method of the tobacco aroma components, provided by the invention, the tobacco raw materials are subjected to aroma-extracting pretreatment to obtain the tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity.
The tobacco material is not limited in the present invention and may be known to those skilled in the art.
The invention utilizes the acid-base treatment solution and carries out the aroma-raising pretreatment on the tobacco raw material within the temperature and humidity range, thereby raising the aroma components contained in the tobacco and the content of the releasable aroma components in the thermal cracking process.
The acid-base treatment of the aroma raising pretreatment comprises the step of dipping the tobacco for 4-48h by using a solution with the pH value of 3-6 or 8-10, and more preferably, the acid-base treatment solution contains copper ions or iron ions with the concentration of more than 1 wt%. The present inventors have found that when a tobacco material is treated to a pH in this range, the addition of copper ions or iron ions is advantageous in the generation of flavor substances of the tobacco material and in the reduction of tar production.
The temperature of the aroma-extracting pretreatment is preferably 80-150 ℃, more preferably 90-140 ℃, and most preferably 100-130 ℃; the humidity is 10-35%, and the treatment time is preferably 2-15 h, more preferably 3-14 h, and most preferably 5-13 h.
The aroma raising pretreatment can enable the reducing saccharide and the nitrogen-containing compound in the tobacco to generate the Maillard reaction to generate additional aroma substances, improve the content of aroma components in the tobacco and contribute to increasing the yield and quality of final products. The specific treatment conditions described above in this step maximize the enhancement of the maillard reaction. During the cigarette heating process, the copper ions or the iron ions can promote the tobacco to crack to release flavor substances and promote the tar molecules to crack.
And drying the tobacco subjected to aroma raising pretreatment to obtain the dried tobacco.
The drying is carried out for 0.5-4h at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, the drying equipment is a tobacco shred drying cylinder or similar drying equipment, and the moisture content of the tobacco after the drying treatment is 4-12% by mass.
The drying can sufficiently remove the moisture in the raw material to obtain the tobacco raw material with low moisture content. The method has the advantages that the water content in the product can be fully reduced, the energy consumption in the subsequent thermal cracking stage is lower, the water content in the generated volatile matter is low, the load of a condensing system is low during enrichment, and the concentration of effective aroma components in the obtained product is high.
Crushing the dried tobacco raw material to enable the particle size of the tobacco raw material to be less than 0.25mm, and obtaining tobacco powder. The step has the advantages that the tobacco powder with small particle size is heated more uniformly and the heating rate is higher in the thermal cracking treatment process, the reaction process is controlled, and more aroma components can be released. On the other hand, the raw materials with small particle size are easier to feed, and the phenomenon that the feeding device is stuck by long fiber structures in the tobacco is avoided.
The crushing should be after drying, because the tobacco material with high moisture content is not easy to crush, the crushing effect can be obviously reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly improved.
And carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues.
According to the invention, the thermal cracking reaction of step C) can be carried out in two steps, in particular:
i) and carrying out primary cracking reaction on the crushed tobacco for 10-15 minutes at 380-420 ℃ under the condition of 6-9% oxygen concentration to obtain primary volatile matters and primary cracking semicoke. At this time, the temperature rise rate of the tobacco after crushing is 10 to 200 ℃/s.
The preferable concrete is as follows: and carrying out primary cracking reaction on the crushed tobacco for 11-15 minutes at the temperature of 390-410 ℃ and under the condition of 7-9% oxygen concentration to obtain primary volatile matters and primary cracked semicoke.
And (4) enriching the first-stage volatile matters in a condensing system, and carrying out next-step heat treatment on the first-stage cracked semicoke. Under the condition, the tobacco is treated, so that the nicotine in the tobacco can be fully released, the released nicotine is prevented from being cracked and lost at high temperature, and a product with higher concentration of nicotine can be obtained.
And ii) carrying out secondary cracking reaction on the primary cracked semicoke for 10-60 minutes under the conditions of inert atmosphere and 500-700 ℃ to generate secondary volatile matters and residues. At the moment, the temperature rise rate of the first-stage pyrolysis semicoke is 10-200 ℃/s.
The preferable concrete is as follows: and carrying out secondary cracking reaction on the primary cracked semicoke for 20-50 minutes under the conditions of inert atmosphere and the temperature of 550-700 ℃ to generate secondary volatile matters and residues.
Under the condition, the release rate of the residual aroma components in the tobacco is highest, and tar byproducts generated at higher temperature can be avoided.
Preferably, the volatiles produced by the thermal cracking process enter the condenser within 30 seconds and leave the high temperature reaction zone within 5 seconds.
Condensing and enriching the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components.
The condensation temperature is 0-25 ℃, and the condensation time is more than 30 s.
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention,
adopt fractional condensation mode, including two kinds of modes, specifically do:
the first-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into a first-stage condenser and a second-stage condenser for condensation, and the second-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser for condensation, wherein the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser are sequentially connected in series for condensation;
or the first-stage volatile matter is introduced into a first-stage condenser, and the second-stage volatile matter is condensed by a second-stage condenser.
The temperature of the primary condenser is 20-30 ℃; the temperature of the secondary condenser is 0-10 ℃.
The first-stage condenser can enrich and obtain the aroma components with high nicotine concentration.
The invention provides a tobacco aroma component which is prepared by any one of the preparation methods in the technical scheme.
The present invention has been described in detail with respect to the specific preparation method, and is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a tobacco product which comprises the tobacco aroma components in the technical scheme.
The present invention has been described clearly with respect to the above tobacco aroma components, and is not limited thereto.
The tobacco products of the invention include but are not limited to reconstituted tobacco, heated cigarettes, traditional cigarettes, cigars and electronic tobacco tar.
The specific addition amount of the tobacco aroma component of the present invention is not limited, and those skilled in the art will be familiar with the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco aroma component, which comprises the following steps: A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity; B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dry tobacco; C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues; D) and carrying out multistage condensation and enrichment on the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components. The specific high-temperature thermal cracking method of the invention does not need to use solvent, can fully release the aroma components in the tobacco and combine with specific condensation enrichment, and obtains the aroma components with high yield and high quality without any exogenous impurities.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe in detail a tobacco aroma component, its preparation method and application provided by the present invention with reference to the examples.
Example 1
Using Fe 3+ Dipping the cured tobacco leaves in ferric chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 wt% and the pH value of 3 for 24 hours, and processing the cured tobacco leaves for 10 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the humidity of 10-35% after filtering. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. Firstly, thermally cracking tobacco powder for 15 minutes at 400 ℃ under the condition of 8% oxygen concentration, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a first-level aroma component; and continuously carrying out thermal cracking on the generated semicoke at 700 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a secondary aroma component.
The primary aroma component is added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technical personnel in the field, and the cigarette has the advantages of mellow cigarette taste, strong strength, strong and sufficient aroma, smooth smoke, good agglomeration, sweet taste, obvious impurity gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion known by the technicians in the field, and the characteristics of mellow cigarette taste, large strength, harmonious and pure aroma, soft and exquisite smoke, good agglomeration, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste are shown. Professional smokers perform sensory quality scoring according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The tobacco aroma components prepared in example 1 of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in table 2. The refractive index is determined by YC/T145.3-2012 standard, the total amount of volatile components is determined by YC/T145.9-2012 standard, the total sugars and reducing sugars are determined by YC/T159-2002 standard, the total phytoalkalis are determined by YC/T160-2002 standard, the chlorine is determined by YC/T162-2011 standard, the nitrogen is determined by YC/T161-2002 standard, and the nicotine is determined by YC/T246-2008 standard.
TABLE 2
Example 2
Using Fe 3+ The flue-cured tobacco leaves are soaked in ferric chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 wt% and the pH value of 3 for 24 hours, and are treated for 10 hours after being filtered under the conditions of 100 ℃ and the humidity of 10-35%. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. Thermally cracking tobacco powder at 380 ℃ and 8% oxygen concentration for 15 minutes, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a first-level aroma component; and continuously carrying out thermal cracking on the generated semicoke at 750 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a secondary aroma component.
The primary aroma component is added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the appearance is that the cigarette has mellow taste, strong strength, rich and sufficient aroma, smooth smoke, good conglobation, obvious impurity gas covering effect, comfortable and clean aftertaste; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the cigarette has the characteristics of mellow smoke taste, large strength, harmonious and pure aroma, soft and exquisite smoke, good agglomeration, sweet taste and body fluid generation, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Example 3
Using Fe 3+ Dipping the cured tobacco leaves in ferric chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 wt% and the pH value of 3 for 24 hours, and processing the cured tobacco leaves for 10 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the humidity of 10-35% after filtering. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. Thermally cracking tobacco powder at 420 ℃ for 15 minutes under the condition of 6% oxygen concentration, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a first-level aroma component; the generated semicoke is continuously thermally cracked at 800 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, and the generated volatile matters are condensed and enriched at 0 ℃ to obtain the secondary aroma components.
The primary aroma component is added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technical personnel in the field, and has the characteristics of mellow cigarette taste, slightly burnt taste, strong strength, sufficient aroma, smooth smoke, good conglobation property, sweet taste, body fluid generation, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the cigarette has the characteristics of mellow smoke taste, slightly burnt paste taste, large strength, harmonious and pure aroma, soft and delicate smoke, good agglomeration, sweet back, body fluid generation, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Example 4
Treating the cured tobacco leaves for 10 hours at 100 ℃ and under the humidity of 10-35%. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. Thermally cracking tobacco powder at 380 ℃ and 6% oxygen concentration for 15 minutes, and condensing and enriching generated volatile matters at 0 ℃ to obtain a first-level aroma component; the generated semicoke is continuously thermally cracked at 900 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, and the generated volatile matters are condensed and enriched at 0 ℃ to obtain secondary aroma components. .
The first-level aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the characteristics of strong smoke, obvious burnt smell, strong strength, strong aroma, smooth smoke, good agglomeration, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste are presented; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the cigarette has the characteristics of strong smoke, obvious burnt flavor, large strength, harmonious aroma, soft and fine smoke, good conglobation, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
The measurement results of the tobacco flavor components prepared in examples 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Comparative example 1
Treating the cured tobacco leaves for 10 hours at 100 ℃ and under the humidity of 10-35%. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. The flue-cured tobacco leaves are thermally cracked for 15 minutes under the conditions of 1000 ℃ and 10% oxygen concentration, generated volatile matters are enriched through a two-stage condenser, and the condensing temperatures are respectively 25 ℃ and 0 ℃. The product obtained in the first-stage condenser is a first-stage aroma component, and the product obtained in the second-stage condenser is a second-stage aroma component.
The first-level aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technical personnel in the field, and the appearance is that the burnt taste is obvious, the strength is large, the aroma is strong, the smoke is smooth, the agglomeration is good, the miscellaneous gas covering effect is obvious, and the aftertaste is comfortable and clean; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the appearance is that the burnt taste is obvious, the strength is large, the aroma is harmonious, the smoke is soft and exquisite, the agglomeration property is good, the miscellaneous gas covering effect is obvious, and the aftertaste is comfortable and clean. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 5.
Comparative example 2
Using Fe 3+ The flue-cured tobacco leaves are soaked in ferric chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 wt% and the pH value of 3 for 24 hours, and are treated for 10 hours after being filtered under the conditions of 100 ℃ and the humidity of 10-35%. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. The flue-cured tobacco leaves are thermally cracked for 15 minutes under the conditions of 400 ℃ and 8% oxygen concentration, and generated volatile matters are enriched through a two-stage condenser, wherein the condensation temperatures are 60 ℃ and 30 ℃ respectively. The product obtained in the first-stage condenser is a first-stage aroma component, and the product obtained in the second-stage condenser is a second-stage aroma component.
The primary aroma component is added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technical personnel in the field, and the cigarette has the advantages of mellow cigarette taste, strong strength, strong and sufficient aroma, smooth smoke, good agglomeration, sweet taste, obvious impurity gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the cigarette has the characteristics of mellow smoke taste, large strength, harmonious and pure aroma, soft and exquisite smoke, good agglomeration, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 5.
Comparative example 3
Treating the cured tobacco leaves for 10 hours at 100 ℃ and under the humidity of 10-35%. The sample was further dried at 80 ℃ for 4 hours. Crushing the dried sample, and screening the tobacco powder with the particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm. The tobacco powder is thermally cracked for 5 minutes under the conditions of 400 ℃ and 8% oxygen concentration, and generated volatile matters are enriched through a two-stage condenser, wherein the condensation temperatures are 25 ℃ and 0 ℃ respectively. The product obtained in the first-stage condenser is a first-stage aroma component, and the product obtained in the second-stage condenser is a second-stage aroma component.
The primary aroma component is added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technical personnel in the field, and the cigarette has the advantages of mellow cigarette taste, strong strength, strong and sufficient aroma, smooth smoke, good agglomeration, sweet taste, obvious impurity gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste; the secondary aroma components are added into the traditional cigarette according to the proportion well known by the technicians in the field, and the cigarette has the characteristics of mellow smoke taste, large strength, harmonious and pure aroma, soft and exquisite smoke, good agglomeration, obvious miscellaneous gas covering effect and comfortable and clean aftertaste. Professional smokers scored sensory quality according to national standard (sensory technical requirement) GB5606.4-2005, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
The tobacco aroma components prepared in comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a tobacco aroma component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) carrying out aroma-extracting pretreatment on the tobacco raw material to obtain tobacco with high aroma component loading capacity;
B) drying and crushing the pretreated tobacco to obtain crushed dried tobacco;
C) carrying out thermal cracking treatment on the crushed dry tobacco at the temperature of 200-900 ℃ to obtain volatile matters and solid semi-coke residues;
D) and carrying out multistage condensation and enrichment on the volatile matters to obtain the aroma components.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the pretreatment for aroma extraction in the step A) is 80-150 ℃, the humidity is 10-35%, the treatment time is 2-15 h, and the pretreatment equipment is a constant temperature and humidity box; and B), the drying equipment is a tobacco drying cylinder, and the moisture content of the tobacco after drying treatment is 4-12% by mass.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein before the flavor extraction pretreatment in the step A), the tobacco raw material is treated by adopting an acid-base treatment solution for 4-48 hours; the pH value of the acid-base treatment liquid is 3-6 or 8-10; copper ions or iron ions can also be added into the acid-base treatment liquid.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the step B) is carried out at 80-100 ℃ for 0.5-4h, the drying equipment is a tobacco drying cylinder, and the moisture content of the tobacco after the drying treatment is 4-12% by mass; the crushing treatment is to crush the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.25 mm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thermal cracking reaction of step C) is carried out in two steps, in particular:
i) carrying out primary cracking reaction on the crushed tobacco for 10-15 minutes at the temperature of 380-420 ℃ under the condition of 6-9% oxygen concentration to obtain primary volatile matters and primary cracking semi-coke;
ii) carrying out secondary cracking reaction on the primary cracked semi-coke under the conditions of inert atmosphere and 500-700 ℃ to generate secondary volatile matters and residues; the reaction time of the second-stage cracking reaction is 10-60 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the condensation temperature in step D) is 0 to 25 ℃ and the condensation time is 30s or more.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the step D) adopts a fractional condensation mode, which comprises two modes, specifically:
the first-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into a first-stage condenser and a second-stage condenser for condensation, the second-stage volatile matter is sequentially introduced into the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser for condensation, and the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser are sequentially connected in series for condensation;
or the first-stage volatile matter is introduced into a first-stage condenser, and the second-stage volatile matter is condensed by a second-stage condenser.
8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the temperature of the primary condenser is 20-30 ℃; the temperature of the secondary condenser is 0-10 ℃.
9. A tobacco flavor component produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A smoking article comprising the tobacco flavor component of claim 9.
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