CN114928405A - Laser communication optical signal receiving system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Laser communication optical signal receiving system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114928405A CN114928405A CN202210838525.7A CN202210838525A CN114928405A CN 114928405 A CN114928405 A CN 114928405A CN 202210838525 A CN202210838525 A CN 202210838525A CN 114928405 A CN114928405 A CN 114928405A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/112—Line-of-sight transmission over an extended range
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07955—Monitoring or measuring power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
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Abstract
The laser communication optical signal receiving system and the working method in the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps: the optical fiber coupling device comprises a first 4f unit, a second 4f unit, a third 4f unit, a fourth 4f unit, a fifth 4f unit, a sixth 4f unit, a seventh 4f unit, a wave-front integral inclination correction unit, a low-order AO correction unit, a high-order AO correction unit, a nutation coupling unit and a communication processor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, in particular to a laser communication optical signal receiving system and a working method thereof.
Background
The laser communication technology is a communication mode using laser as a carrier wave, is a key communication technology in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, and is gradually merged into the civil field. When the communication light path propagates in the atmosphere, the interference of the atmospheric turbulence effect causes serious cracking of the wavefront quality of the light beam at the receiving end, and serious aberration is generated, so that the coupling efficiency and stability of the space optical signal to the single-mode optical fiber are remarkably reduced, and the communication quality is seriously influenced. Therefore, a precondition for achieving high-quality laser communication in an atmospheric environment is to be able to suppress the interference effect of atmospheric turbulence on optical signals.
In order to improve the communication quality of the laser communication system under strong turbulence, Swanson et al propose a fiber nutation method to improve ce (coupling efficiency), but only correct the tilt aberration. Weyrauch et al use a wavefront-less sensing method to achieve a CE of about 60%, but as the number of cells increases, the convergence rate of the algorithm decreases significantly. Juarez et al used a curvature wavefront sensing based AO system (adaptive optics) to establish a 147km horizontal atmospheric laser communication link, but had insufficient capability to detect higher order aberrations. Anderson et al adopts an AO system based on holographic wavefront sensing to obtain a faster correction rate, but the number of aberration modes which can be detected by the holographic wavefront sensing technology is limited, and the detection capability of the holographic wavefront sensing technology on high-order phase difference is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser communication optical signal receiving system capable of improving the communication quality and stability of a laser communication link in order to solve the problems of low coupling efficiency and poor communication quality of a laser communication terminal system under a strong turbulence condition in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a laser communication optical signal receiving system including: the device comprises a first 4f unit, a second 4f unit, a third 4f unit, a fourth 4f unit, a fifth 4f unit, a sixth 4f unit, a seventh 4f unit, a wavefront integral inclination correction unit, a low-order AO correction unit, a high-order AO correction unit, a nutation coupling unit and a communication processor;
the first 4f unit includes a first lens and a second lens, the second 4f unit includes a third lens and a fifth lens, the third 4f unit includes the third lens and a fourth lens, the fourth 4f unit includes a seventh lens and a ninth lens, the fifth 4f unit includes a seventh lens and an eighth lens, the sixth 4f unit includes a tenth lens and a twelfth lens, and the seventh 4f unit includes the tenth lens and an eleventh lens;
the wavefront integral inclination correction unit comprises an inclined mirror, an inclined mirror driver, an inclination sensor and an inclination correction controller, wherein the inclination sensor is electrically connected with the inclination correction controller, the inclination correction controller is electrically connected with the inclined mirror driver, and the inclined mirror driver is electrically connected with the inclined mirror;
the low-order AO correction unit comprises a low-order deformable mirror, a low-order deformable mirror driver, a holographic wavefront sensor and a low-order correction controller, wherein the holographic wavefront sensor is electrically connected with the low-order correction controller, the low-order correction controller is electrically connected with the low-order deformable mirror driver, and the low-order deformable mirror driver is electrically connected with the low-order deformable mirror;
the high-order AO correction unit comprises a high-order deformable mirror, a high-order deformable mirror driver, a Hartmann wavefront sensor and a high-order correction controller, the Hartmann wavefront sensor is electrically connected with the high-order correction controller, the high-order correction controller is electrically connected with the high-order deformable mirror driver, and the high-order deformable mirror driver is electrically connected with the high-order deformable mirror;
the nutation coupling unit comprises a thirteenth lens, a nutation tilting mirror driver, a coupling unit, an optical power meter and a nutation controller, wherein the coupling unit is electrically connected with the optical power meter, the optical power meter is electrically connected with the nutation controller, the nutation controller is electrically connected with the nutation tilting mirror driver, and the nutation tilting mirror driver is electrically connected with the nutation tilting mirror;
the light beam enters the tilting mirror through the first lens and the second lens, enters the first spectroscope through the third lens after being reflected by the tilting mirror, part of the light beam is focused on the tilt sensor through the fifth lens after being reflected by the first spectroscope, the tilt sensor processes the incident light beam and sends miss distance information to the tilt correction controller, the tilt correction controller sends a tilt mirror motion control signal to the tilt mirror driver through closed-loop control operation according to the miss distance information, and the tilt mirror driver drives the tilting mirror to generate corresponding motion according to the motion control signal;
the other part of light beams are transmitted by the first beam splitter and then enter the fourth lens, and are focused on the low-order deformable mirror by the fourth lens, the light beams reflected by the low-order deformable mirror enter the seventh lens, then enter the ninth lens after being transmitted by the second beam splitter, the light beams passing through the ninth lens enter the holographic wavefront sensor, the holographic wavefront sensor outputs wavefront information to a low-order correction controller according to the incident light beams, the low-order correction controller sends deformable mirror control signals to the low-order deformable mirror driver according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver drives the low-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signals;
the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter enters the high-order deformable mirror after passing through the eighth lens, enters the tenth lens after being reflected by the high-order deformable mirror, enters the twelfth lens after being transmitted by the third beam splitter, and enters the Hartmann wavefront sensor after passing through the twelfth lens, the Hartmann wavefront sensor outputs slope information to the high-order correction controller according to the incident light beam, the high-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the high-order deformable mirror driver according to the slope information, and the high-order deformable mirror driver drives the high-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter enters the eleventh lens, enters the nutation inclined mirror after passing through the eleventh lens, is reflected by the nutation inclined mirror and then is focused on the coupling unit through the thirteenth lens, the light beam entering the coupling unit is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter, the optical power meter acquires optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutation controller, the nutation controller sends an inclined mirror control signal to the nutation inclined mirror driver, and the nutation inclined mirror driver drives the nutation inclined mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the inclined mirror control signal; another portion of the light beam enters the communication handler.
In some embodiments, the exit pupil position of the first 4f unit is configured on the tilted mirror, and the tilted mirror is also the entrance pupil of the second and third 4f units; the exit pupil of the third 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the fourth 4f unit are both arranged on the low-order deformable mirror; the exit pupil of the fifth 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the sixth 4f unit are both arranged on the high-order deformable mirror.
In some of these embodiments, the tilt mirror is a voice coil motor fast mirror.
In some of these embodiments, the tilt sensor employs a low-delay speckle imaging system.
In some of these embodiments, the tilt sensor includes a sixth lens, a CMOS camera that outputs an image signal according to an input light beam, and an image processor that processes the image information.
In some of these embodiments, the low order deformable mirror is a piezoceramic deformable mirror and the holographic wavefront sensor is a curvature wavefront sensor.
In some embodiments, the high-order deformable mirror is a micro-deformable mirror, and the Hartmann wavefront sensor is a shearing interferometer.
In some of these embodiments, the nutating tilt mirror is a piezo ceramic fast tilt mirror.
In some embodiments, the coupling unit comprises a coupling lens group and a single mode fiber in fiber connection with the coupling lens group.
In some embodiments, the tilt correction controller, the low-order correction controller, the high-order correction controller, and the chapter controller are electrically connected to an upper computer.
In some embodiments, the holographic wavefront sensor is further electrically connected to the tilt correction controller, the holographic wavefront sensor sends the detected tilt information to the tilt correction controller, and the tilt correction controller fuses and controls the two sensor information.
In some embodiments, in a laser communication link without beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 0.8, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 142 is 0.25, and the splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 162 is 0.33; in a laser communication link without beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover a signal light wavelength, the signal light wavelength is in a 1540-1565 nm waveband, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 0.9, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 142 is 0.11, and the splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 162 is 0.13.
In some embodiments, in a laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 0.8, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 142 is 0.25, and the splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 162 is 0.33; in a laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 808nm signal light wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 0.5, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 142 is 0.9, and the splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 162 is 0.5; in the laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover a 1550nm signal light wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 0.9, the splitting ratio of the second beam splitter 142 is 0.11, and the splitting ratio of the third beam splitter 162 is 0.13.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a working method of a laser communication optical signal receiving system beam is provided, which includes the following steps:
the light beam enters the inclined mirror through the first lens and the second lens, enters the first spectroscope through the third lens after being reflected by the inclined mirror, part of the light beam is focused on the inclination sensor through the fifth lens after being reflected by the first spectroscope, the inclination sensor processes the incident light beam and sends miss amount information to the inclination correction controller, the inclination correction controller sends an inclined mirror motion control signal to the inclined mirror driver through closed-loop control operation according to the miss amount information, and the inclined mirror driver drives the inclined mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the motion control signal;
the other part of the light beams are transmitted by the first beam splitter and then enter the fourth lens, and are focused on the low-order deformable mirror by the fourth lens, the light beams reflected by the low-order deformable mirror enter the seventh lens, and then enter the ninth lens after being transmitted by the second beam splitter, the light beams passing through the ninth lens enter the holographic wavefront sensor, the holographic wavefront sensor outputs wavefront information to the low-order correction controller according to the incident light beams, the low-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the low-order deformable mirror driver according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver drives the low-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter enters the high-order deformable mirror after passing through the eighth lens, enters the tenth lens after being reflected by the high-order deformable mirror, enters the twelfth lens after being transmitted by the third beam splitter, enters the Hartmann wavefront sensor after passing through the twelfth lens, outputs slope information to the high-order correction controller according to the incident light beam, the high-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the high-order deformable mirror driver according to the slope information, and the high-order deformable mirror driver drives the high-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter enters the eleventh lens, enters the nutation tilting mirror after passing through the eleventh lens, is reflected by the nutation tilting mirror and then is focused on the coupling unit through the thirteenth lens, the light beam entering the coupling unit is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter, the optical power meter acquires optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutation controller, the nutation controller sends a tilting mirror control signal to the nutation tilting mirror driver, and the nutation tilting mirror driver drives the nutation tilting mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the tilting mirror control signal; another portion of the light beam enters the communication handler.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following technical effects:
according to the laser communication optical signal receiving system and the working method in the embodiment of the invention, the high-low order serial independent AO system based on the holographic wave-front sensing technology and the optical fiber nutation coupling technology are adopted, so that the turbulence resistance and the flicker effect resistance of the AO system of the laser communication terminal are improved, the turbulence correction capability and the stability of the whole laser communication AO system are improved, the coupling efficiency of space light of signal light to single-mode optical fibers is improved, and the purpose of improving the communication quality and the stability of a laser communication link is finally realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser communication optical signal receiving system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavefront integral tilt correction unit provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tilt sensor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-order AO calibration unit provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-order AO correction unit provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutation coupling unit provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a laser communication optical signal receiving system, including: a first 4f unit 1, a second 4f unit 2, a third 4f unit 3, a fourth 4f unit 4, a fifth 4f unit 5, a sixth 4f unit 6, a seventh 4f unit 7, a wavefront integral tilt correction unit 10, a low order AO correction unit 20, a high order AO correction unit 30, a nutation coupling unit 40, a communication processor 50 and an upper computer 60. The specific structure of each unit and its operation are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 2, the wavefront integral tilt correction unit 10 includes a tilt mirror 11, a tilt mirror driver 12, a tilt sensor 13 and a tilt correction controller 14, wherein the tilt sensor 13 is electrically connected to the tilt correction controller 14, the tilt correction controller 14 is electrically connected to the tilt mirror driver 12, and the tilt mirror driver 12 is electrically connected to the tilt mirror 11.
In some of these embodiments, the tilting mirror 11 is a voice coil motor fast mirror.
In some of these embodiments, the tilt sensor 13 employs a low-delay speckle imaging system.
Referring to fig. 3, the tilt sensor 13 includes a sixth lens 133, a CMOS camera 131, and an image processor 132, the CMOS camera 131 outputs an image signal according to an input light beam, and the image processor 132 processes the image information.
The embodiment of the present application adopts the wavefront integral tilt correction unit 10 to perform primary correction on the light beam drift, jitter and coarse tracking system residual error caused by atmospheric turbulence, and the light beam enters the low-order AO correction unit 20 after primary correction.
Referring to fig. 4, the low-order AO calibration unit 20 includes a low-order deformable mirror 21, a low-order deformable mirror driver 22, a holographic wavefront sensor 23, and a low-order calibration controller 24, wherein the holographic wavefront sensor 23 is electrically connected to the low-order calibration controller 24, the low-order calibration controller 24 is electrically connected to the low-order deformable mirror driver 22, and the low-order deformable mirror driver 22 is electrically connected to the low-order deformable mirror 21.
In some of these embodiments, the low-order deformable mirror 21 is a piezoceramic deformable mirror. The holographic wavefront sensor 23 is a curvature wavefront sensor.
In the above embodiment of the present application, the low-order AO correction unit 20 is adopted to pre-correct the part with lower spatial frequency in the wavefront aberration caused by the atmospheric turbulence, so that the corrected residual satisfies the input condition of the next stage, and the light beam enters the high-order AO correction unit 30 after being corrected by the low-order AO correction unit 20.
Referring to fig. 5, the high-order AO calibration unit 30 includes a high-order deformable mirror 31, a high-order deformable mirror driver 32, a hartmann wavefront sensor 33 and a high-order calibration controller 34, the hartmann wavefront sensor 33 is electrically connected to the high-order calibration controller 34, the high-order calibration controller 34 is electrically connected to the high-order deformable mirror driver 32, and the high-order deformable mirror driver 32 is electrically connected to the high-order deformable mirror 31.
In some of the embodiments, the higher order deformable mirror 31 is a micro deformable mirror. The hartmann wavefront sensor 33 is a shearing interferometer.
The higher-order AO correcting unit 30 provided in the above embodiment of the present application is configured to correct the correction residual of the lower-order AO correcting unit 20 and a higher spatial frequency portion in wavefront aberration caused by atmospheric turbulence, so that the wavefront quality of the corrected light beam meets a single-mode fiber coupling condition, and the light beam enters the nutation coupling unit 40 after being corrected by the higher-order AO.
Referring to fig. 6, the nutating coupling unit 40 includes a nutating tilting mirror 41, a nutating tilting mirror driver 42, a coupling unit 43, an optical power meter 44, a nutating controller 45 and a thirteenth lens 46, the coupling unit 43 is connected to the optical power meter 44 through an optical fiber, the optical power meter 44 is electrically connected to the nutating controller 45, the nutating controller 45 is electrically connected to the nutating tilting mirror driver 42, and the nutating tilting mirror driver 42 is electrically connected to the nutating tilting mirror 41.
In some of these embodiments, the nutating tilt mirror 41 is a fast mirror, such as a piezo-ceramic fast tilt mirror, with high precision, high resolution, and high response rate.
In some embodiments, the coupling unit 43 comprises a single mode fiber 431 and a beam splitter 432, and the light beam passing through the beam splitter 432 is split into 2 beams.
The nutation coupling unit 40 provided in the above embodiment of the present application is used to perform tilt adjustment on the optical fiber coupling beam, suppress jitter and drift of the coupling beam, precisely adjust the alignment angle of the coupling beam, and provide further guarantee for the coupling efficiency and stability from the spatial light to the single-mode optical fiber.
The first 4f unit 1 includes a first lens 111 and a second lens 112, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of a light beam input from a preceding-stage optical antenna so as to be adapted to the input conditions of the optical system described in the present application, and also to the input conditions of the entire tilt correction unit 10.
The second 4f unit 2 includes a third lens 121 and a fifth lens 123, which function to aperture-match and pupil-pass the light beam exiting the tilting mirror 11 to fit the tilt sensor 13.
The third 4f unit 3 includes the third lens 121 and the fourth lens 132, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of the light beam exiting from the tilting mirror 11 so as to adapt to the input conditions of the low-order AO correction unit 20.
The fourth 4f unit 4 includes a seventh lens 151 and a ninth lens 143, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of the light beam emitted from the low-order anamorphic mirror 21 so as to adapt to the input conditions of the holographic wavefront sensor 23.
The fifth 4f unit 5 includes a seventh lens 151 and an eighth lens 152, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of the light beam exiting from the low-order anamorphic mirror 21 so as to adapt to the input conditions of the high-order AO correction unit 30.
The sixth 4f unit 6 includes a tenth lens 161 and a twelfth lens 163, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of the light beam exiting from the high-order anamorphic mirror 31 so as to adapt to the input conditions of the hartmann front sensor 33.
The seventh 4f unit 7 includes the tenth lens 161 and the eleventh lens 171, and functions to perform aperture matching and pupil transfer of the light beam exiting from the nutating tilting mirror 41 so as to adapt to the input conditions of the coupling unit 43.
In some of these embodiments, the exit pupil position of the first 4f unit 1 is configured on the tilted mirror, and the tilted mirror is also the entrance pupil of the second and third 4f units; the exit pupil of the third 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the fourth 4f unit are both arranged on the low-order deformable mirror; the exit pupil of the fifth 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the sixth 4f unit are both arranged on the high-order deformable mirror.
The laser communication optical signal receiving system provided by the above embodiment of the present application has the following working mode:
the light beam enters the tilting mirror 11 through the first lens 111 and the second lens 112, enters the first beam splitter 122 through the third lens 121 after being reflected by the tilting mirror 11, and is focused on the tilt sensor 13 through the fifth lens 123 after being reflected by the first beam splitter 122, the tilt sensor 13 processes the incident light beam and sends miss distance information to the tilt correction controller 14, the tilt correction controller 14 sends a tilt mirror motion control signal to the tilt mirror driver 12 through closed-loop control operation according to the miss distance information, and the tilt mirror driver 12 drives the tilting mirror 11 to generate corresponding actions according to the motion control signal.
Another part of the light beam is transmitted by the first beam splitter 122 and then enters the fourth lens 132, and is focused on the low-order deformable mirror 21 by the fourth lens 132, the light beam reflected by the low-order deformable mirror 21 enters the seventh lens 151, and is transmitted by the second beam splitter 142 and then enters the ninth lens 143, the light beam passing through the ninth lens 143 enters the holographic wavefront sensor 23, the holographic wavefront sensor 23 outputs wavefront information to the low-order correction controller 24 according to the incident light beam, the low-order correction controller 24 sends a deformable mirror control signal to the low-order deformable mirror driver 22 according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver 22 drives the low-order deformable mirror 21 to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter 142 enters the higher-order deformable mirror 31 after passing through the eighth lens 152, enters the tenth lens 161 after being reflected by the higher-order deformable mirror 31, enters the twelfth lens 163 after being transmitted by the third beam splitter 162, enters the hartmann wavefront sensor 33 after passing through the twelfth lens 163, the hartmann wavefront sensor 33 outputs slope information to the higher-order correction controller 34 according to the incident light beam, the higher-order correction controller 34 sends a deformable mirror control signal to the higher-order deformable mirror driver 32 according to the slope information, and the higher-order deformable mirror driver 32 drives the higher-order deformable mirror 31 to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter 162 enters the eleventh lens 171, enters the nutating tilting mirror 41 after passing through the eleventh lens 171, is reflected by the nutating tilting mirror 41, and is focused on the coupling unit 40 through the thirteenth lens 46, the light beam entering the coupling unit 40 is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter 44, the optical power meter 44 obtains optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutating controller 45, the nutating controller 45 sends a tilting mirror control signal to the nutating tilting mirror driver 42, and the nutating tilting mirror driver 42 drives the nutating tilting mirror 41 to generate corresponding actions according to the tilting mirror control signal; another portion of the beam enters the communication handler 50.
The communication processor 50 performs photoelectric signal conversion on the received optical signal, and performs demodulation processing, thereby implementing a communication device.
In some embodiments, the holographic wavefront sensor 23 is further electrically connected to the tilt correction controller 14, the holographic wavefront sensor 23 sends the detected tilt information to the lower order correction controller 24, and the lower order correction controller 24 fuses and controls the two sensor information.
In some embodiments, the tilt correction controller 14, the low-order correction controller 24, the high-order correction controller 34, and the chapter controller 45 are all electrically connected to an upper computer, and the upper computer 60 collectively schedules and controls the correction work states of the sub-controllers.
The laser communication optical signal receiving system provided by the application can be understood that the sensing and correcting capability of the system to turbulence under the strong turbulence scintillation condition is greatly enhanced through the low-order adaptive optics based on the holographic wave-front sensing technology, the defect that the traditional Hartmann wave-front sensor cannot normally work under the strong scintillation condition is overcome, and the effective correction of low-order aberration under the strong turbulence is realized; the high-order AO system and the holographic adaptive optical system form a series system, and the defects of high-order aberration detection and insufficient correction capability of a single holographic adaptive optical system are overcome by utilizing the characteristic of high-order aberration measurement precision of a Hartmann wavefront sensor in the traditional adaptive optical system; the mode of combining the primary integral inclination correction and the final nutation technology is adopted, so that the correction bandwidth of integral aberration in turbulence and the alignment precision of optical fiber coupling light beams are ensured; finally, the high-efficiency and stable coupling efficiency of the space light to the single-mode optical fiber can be obtained under the strong turbulence environment, and a foundation is laid for the realization of high-quality laser communication, laser radar and other technologies in the atmospheric environment.
The application provides a laser communication optical signal receiving system, through the independent AO system of high low order series based on holographic wave front sensing technique to and optic fibre nutation coupling technique, realize improving the ability of the anti torrent of AO system, the scintillation effect at laser communication terminal, improve the torrent correction ability and the stability of whole laser communication AO system, improve the space light of signal light to single mode fiber coupling efficiency.
Example 2
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a working method of a laser communication optical signal receiving system, including the steps of:
step S10: the light beam enters the tilting mirror 11 through the first lens 111 and the second lens 112, enters the first beam splitter 122 through the third lens 121 after being reflected by the tilting mirror 11, and is focused on the tilt sensor 13 through the fifth lens 123 after being reflected by the first beam splitter 122, the tilt sensor 13 processes the incident light beam and sends miss distance information to the tilt correction controller 14, the tilt correction controller 14 sends a tilt mirror motion control signal to the tilt mirror driver 12 through closed-loop control operation according to the miss distance information, and the tilt mirror driver 12 drives the tilting mirror 11 to generate corresponding actions according to the motion control signal.
Step S20: another part of the light beam is transmitted by the first beam splitter 122 and then enters the fourth lens 132, and is focused on the low-order deformable mirror 21 by the fourth lens 132, the light beam reflected by the low-order deformable mirror 21 enters the seventh lens 151, and is transmitted by the second beam splitter 142 and then enters the ninth lens 143, the light beam passing through the ninth lens 143 enters the holographic wavefront sensor 23, the holographic wavefront sensor 23 outputs wavefront information to the low-order correction controller 24 according to the incident light beam, the low-order correction controller 24 sends a deformable mirror control signal to the low-order deformable mirror driver 22 according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver 22 drives the low-order deformable mirror 21 to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
step S30: the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter 142 enters the higher-order deformable mirror 31 after passing through the eighth lens 152, enters the tenth lens 161 after being reflected by the higher-order deformable mirror 31, enters the twelfth lens 163 after being transmitted by the third beam splitter 162, enters the hartmann wavefront sensor 33 after passing through the twelfth lens 163, the hartmann wavefront sensor 33 outputs slope information to the higher-order correction controller 34 according to the incident light beam, the higher-order correction controller 34 sends a deformable mirror control signal to the higher-order deformable mirror driver 32 according to the slope information, and the higher-order deformable mirror driver 32 drives the higher-order deformable mirror 31 to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
step S40: the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter 162 enters the eleventh lens 171, enters the nutating tilting mirror 41 after passing through the eleventh lens 171, is reflected by the nutating tilting mirror 41, and is focused on the coupling unit 40 through the thirteenth lens 46, the light beam entering the coupling unit 40 is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter 44, the optical power meter 44 obtains optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutating controller 45, the nutating controller 45 sends a tilting mirror control signal to the nutating tilting mirror driver 42, and the nutating tilting mirror driver 42 drives the nutating tilting mirror 41 to generate corresponding actions according to the tilting mirror control signal; another portion of the beam enters the communication handler 50.
The laser communication optical signal receiving system provided by the application can be understood to greatly enhance the sensing and correcting capacity of the system to turbulence under the strong turbulence scintillation condition through the low-order adaptive optics based on the holographic wavefront sensing technology, make up the defect that the traditional Hartmann wavefront sensor cannot normally work under the strong scintillation condition, and realize the effective correction of low-order aberration under the strong turbulence; the high-order AO system and the holographic adaptive optical system form a series system, and the defects of insufficient detection and correction capability of a single holographic adaptive optical system on high-order aberration are overcome by utilizing the characteristic of high measurement accuracy of the high-order aberration of the Hartmann wavefront sensor in the traditional adaptive optical system; the mode of combining the primary integral inclination correction and the final nutation technology is adopted, so that the correction bandwidth of integral aberration in turbulence and the alignment precision of optical fiber coupling light beams are ensured; finally, the high-efficiency and stable coupling efficiency of the space light to the single-mode optical fiber can be obtained under the strong turbulence environment, and a foundation is laid for the realization of high-quality laser communication, laser radar and other technologies in the atmospheric environment.
According to the laser communication optical signal receiving method, the high-low order serial independent AO system based on the holographic wave-front sensing technology and the optical fiber nutation coupling technology are used, the turbulence and flicker resisting capacity of the AO system of the laser communication terminal is improved, the turbulence correction capacity and stability of the whole laser communication AO system are improved, and the coupling efficiency of space light of signal light to single-mode optical fibers is improved.
The laser communication optical signal receiving system provided by the above embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a laser communication link and a terminal in a beacon light scheme or a beacon-free light scheme, and the operating wavelengths and the spectral ratios (transmittance: reflectance) of the film systems of the optical splitting elements in the two schemes are as follows:
beacon-less light scheme:
when the optical system is applied to a laser communication link without beacon light, all optical element film systems are designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength and signal light wavelength (generally within a 1540-1565 nm waveband, and the specific wavelength is adjusted according to the system requirement). The splitting ratio of each element is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 Beacon-free light scheme splitting ratio
When the laser communication optical signal receiving system is applied to a laser communication link without beacon light, all optical element film systems are designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength and signal light wavelength, usually within a 1540-1565 nm waveband, and the specific wavelength is adjusted according to the system requirements. The splitting ratio of the first beam splitter 122 is 1:9, the reflected light is 10%, and the transmitted light is 90%; the light splitting ratio of the spectroscope 2 is 1:9, the reflected light is 90%, and the transmitted light is 10%; the light splitting ratio of the spectroscope 3 is 1:9, the reflected light is 90%, and the transmitted light is 10%; the splitting ratio of the optical fiber beam splitter with a fixed proportion is 1: 1.
Beacon light and signal light:
when the laser communication optical signal receiving system is applied to a laser communication link with beacon light, all optical element film systems are designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength, beacon light wavelength (generally 808 nm) and signal light wavelength (generally within 1540-1565 nm band, and specific wavelength is adjusted according to system requirements). The splitting ratio of each element is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 Beacon light scheme splitting ratio
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit may be a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A laser communication optical signal receiving system, comprising: the device comprises a first 4f unit, a second 4f unit, a third 4f unit, a fourth 4f unit, a fifth 4f unit, a sixth 4f unit, a seventh 4f unit, a wavefront integral inclination correction unit, a low-order AO correction unit, a high-order AO correction unit, a nutation coupling unit and a communication processor;
the first 4f unit includes a first lens and a second lens, the second 4f unit includes a third lens and a fifth lens, the third 4f unit includes the third lens and a fourth lens, the fourth 4f unit includes a seventh lens and a ninth lens, the fifth 4f unit includes a seventh lens and an eighth lens, the sixth 4f unit includes a tenth lens and a twelfth lens, and the seventh 4f unit includes the tenth lens and an eleventh lens;
the wavefront integral inclination correction unit comprises an inclined mirror, an inclined mirror driver, an inclination sensor and an inclination correction controller, wherein the inclination sensor is electrically connected with the inclination correction controller, the inclination correction controller is electrically connected with the inclined mirror driver, and the inclined mirror driver is electrically connected with the inclined mirror;
the low-order AO correction unit comprises a low-order deformable mirror, a low-order deformable mirror driver, a holographic wavefront sensor and a low-order correction controller, wherein the holographic wavefront sensor is electrically connected with the low-order correction controller, the low-order correction controller is electrically connected with the low-order deformable mirror driver, and the low-order deformable mirror driver is electrically connected with the low-order deformable mirror;
the high-order AO correction unit comprises a high-order deformable mirror, a high-order deformable mirror driver, a Hartmann wavefront sensor and a high-order correction controller, the Hartmann wavefront sensor is electrically connected with the high-order correction controller, the high-order correction controller is electrically connected with the high-order deformable mirror driver, and the high-order deformable mirror driver is electrically connected with the high-order deformable mirror;
the nutation coupling unit comprises a thirteenth lens, a nutation inclined mirror driver, a coupling unit, an optical power meter and a nutation controller, wherein the coupling unit is connected with the optical power meter through an optical fiber, the optical power meter is electrically connected with the nutation controller, the nutation controller is electrically connected with the nutation inclined mirror driver, and the nutation inclined mirror driver is electrically connected with the nutation inclined mirror;
the light beam enters the tilting mirror through the first lens and the second lens, enters the first spectroscope through the third lens after being reflected by the tilting mirror, part of the light beam is focused on the tilt sensor through the fifth lens after being reflected by the first spectroscope, the tilt sensor processes the incident light beam and sends miss distance information to the tilt correction controller, the tilt correction controller sends a tilt mirror motion control signal to the tilt mirror driver through closed-loop control operation according to the miss distance information, and the tilt mirror driver drives the tilting mirror to generate corresponding motion according to the motion control signal;
the other part of light beams are transmitted by the first beam splitter and then enter the fourth lens, and are focused on the low-order deformable mirror by the fourth lens, the light beams reflected by the low-order deformable mirror enter the seventh lens, then enter the ninth lens after being transmitted by the second beam splitter, the light beams passing through the ninth lens enter the holographic wavefront sensor, the holographic wavefront sensor outputs wavefront information to a low-order correction controller according to the incident light beams, the low-order correction controller sends deformable mirror control signals to the low-order deformable mirror driver according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver drives the low-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signals;
the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter enters the high-order deformable mirror after passing through the eighth lens, enters the tenth lens after being reflected by the high-order deformable mirror, enters the twelfth lens after being transmitted by the third beam splitter, and enters the Hartmann wavefront sensor after passing through the twelfth lens, the Hartmann wavefront sensor outputs slope information to the high-order correction controller according to the incident light beam, the high-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the high-order deformable mirror driver according to the slope information, and the high-order deformable mirror driver drives the high-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter enters the eleventh lens, enters the nutation tilting mirror after passing through the eleventh lens, is reflected by the nutation tilting mirror and then is focused on the coupling unit through the thirteenth lens, the light beam entering the coupling unit is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter, the optical power meter acquires optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutation controller, the nutation controller sends a tilting mirror control signal to the nutation tilting mirror driver, and the nutation tilting mirror driver drives the nutation tilting mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the tilting mirror control signal; another portion of the light beam enters the communication handler.
2. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein an exit pupil position of the first 4f unit is disposed on the tilt mirror, and the tilt mirror is also an entrance pupil of the second and third 4f units; the exit pupil of the third 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the fourth 4f unit are both arranged on the low-order deformable mirror; the exit pupil of the fifth 4f unit and the entrance pupil of the sixth 4f unit are both arranged on the high-order deformable mirror.
3. The laser communication optical signal receiving system of claim 1, wherein the tilting mirror is a voice coil motor fast mirror.
4. The laser communication optical signal receiving system of claim 1, wherein the tilt sensor employs a low-delay speckle imaging system.
5. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein the tilt sensor includes a sixth lens, a CMOS camera that outputs an image signal according to an input light beam, and an image processor that processes the image information.
6. The laser communication optical signal receiving system of claim 1, wherein the low order deformable mirror is a piezoceramic deformable mirror and the holographic wavefront sensor is a curvature wavefront sensor.
7. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein the high-order deformable mirror is a micro-deformable mirror, and the hartmann wavefront sensor is a shearing interferometer.
8. The laser communication optical signal receiving system of claim 1, wherein the nutating tilting mirror is a piezo ceramic fast tilting mirror.
9. The laser communication optical signal receiving system of claim 1, wherein the coupling unit comprises a coupling lens group and a single mode fiber in fiber connection with the coupling lens group.
10. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein the tilt correction controller, the lower order correction controller, the higher order correction controller, and the nutation controller are electrically connected to an upper computer.
11. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein the holographic wavefront sensor is further electrically connected to the tilt correction controller, the holographic wavefront sensor sends the detected tilt information to the tilt correction controller, and the tilt correction controller fuses and controls the two sensor information.
12. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein in the laser communication link without beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 632.8 nm wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first spectroscope is 0.8, the splitting ratio of the second spectroscope is 0.25, and the splitting ratio of the third spectroscope is 0.33; in a beacon-light-free laser communication link, the optical component film system is designed to cover a signal light wavelength, the signal light wavelength is in a wave band of 1540-1565 nm, the splitting ratio of the first spectroscope is 0.9, the splitting ratio of the second spectroscope (142) is 0.11, and the splitting ratio of the third spectroscope is 0.13.
13. The laser communication optical signal receiving system according to claim 1, wherein in the laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover a wavelength of 632.8 nm, the splitting ratio of the first spectroscope is 0.8, the splitting ratio of the second spectroscope is 0.25, and the splitting ratio of the third spectroscope is 0.33; in a laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 808nm signal light wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first spectroscope is 0.5, the splitting ratio of the second spectroscope is 0.9, and the splitting ratio of the third spectroscope is 0.5; in a laser communication link with beacon light, the optical component film system is designed to cover 1550nm signal light wavelength, the splitting ratio of the first spectroscope is 0.9, the splitting ratio of the second spectroscope is 0.11, and the splitting ratio of the third spectroscope is 0.13.
14. A method of operating a laser communication optical signal receiving system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of:
the light beam enters the tilting mirror through the first lens and the second lens, enters the first spectroscope through the third lens after being reflected by the tilting mirror, part of the light beam is focused on the tilt sensor through the fifth lens after being reflected by the first spectroscope, the tilt sensor processes the incident light beam and sends miss distance information to the tilt correction controller, the tilt correction controller sends a tilt mirror motion control signal to the tilt mirror driver through closed-loop control operation according to the miss distance information, and the tilt mirror driver drives the tilting mirror to generate corresponding motion according to the motion control signal;
the other part of the light beams are transmitted by the first beam splitter and then enter the fourth lens, and are focused on the low-order deformable mirror by the fourth lens, the light beams reflected by the low-order deformable mirror enter the seventh lens, and then enter the ninth lens after being transmitted by the second beam splitter, the light beams passing through the ninth lens enter the holographic wavefront sensor, the holographic wavefront sensor outputs wavefront information to the low-order correction controller according to the incident light beams, the low-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the low-order deformable mirror driver according to the wavefront information, and the low-order deformable mirror driver drives the low-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the second beam splitter enters the high-order deformable mirror after passing through the eighth lens, enters the tenth lens after being reflected by the high-order deformable mirror, enters the twelfth lens after being transmitted by the third beam splitter, and enters the Hartmann wavefront sensor after passing through the twelfth lens, the Hartmann wavefront sensor outputs slope information to the high-order correction controller according to the incident light beam, the high-order correction controller sends a deformable mirror control signal to the high-order deformable mirror driver according to the slope information, and the high-order deformable mirror driver drives the high-order deformable mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the deformable mirror control signal;
the light beam reflected by the third beam splitter enters the eleventh lens, enters the nutation tilting mirror after passing through the eleventh lens, is reflected by the nutation tilting mirror and then is focused on the coupling unit through the thirteenth lens, the light beam entering the coupling unit is divided into two parts, one part of the light beam enters the optical power meter, the optical power meter acquires optical power information and outputs the optical power information to the nutation controller, the nutation controller sends a tilting mirror control signal to the nutation tilting mirror driver, and the nutation tilting mirror driver drives the nutation tilting mirror to generate corresponding actions according to the tilting mirror control signal; another portion of the light beam enters the communication handler.
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