CN114927842A - Graphene sheet-based attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer - Google Patents
Graphene sheet-based attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of band-pass duplexers, and discloses a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation, which comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a metal grounding plate is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, and a microstrip circuit is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate; the microstrip circuit comprises a first output microstrip line, a first microstrip resonator, an input microstrip line, a second microstrip resonator and a second output microstrip line which are sequentially arranged at intervals; the first microstrip resonator and the second microstrip resonator both comprise a direct resonance microstrip line, a grounding microstrip line and two bending resonance microstrip lines which are connected with each other; the direct resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines are arranged on the same side, the direct resonance microstrip line is located between the two bending resonance microstrip lines, graphene sheets are arranged between the direct resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines, and the grounding microstrip line is provided with a plurality of metal connecting holes connected with the metal grounding plate. The attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer is convenient to tune, the size of the duplexer is effectively reduced, the structural design is simple, and the production cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of band-pass duplexers, and relates to a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation.
Background
As an electronic device, a band pass duplexer is widely used in a transmitter and a receiver of a wireless communication system, and with the continuous development of an intelligent frequency division duplex system, problems of band congestion and electromagnetic interference become more and more prominent in multifunctional communication, and therefore, the band pass duplexer is required to dynamically and independently tune dual-frequency attenuation, and at the same time, to have good selectivity and low reflection.
At present, the main methods for realizing the tunable duplexer include methods for loading a varactor diode, a PIN diode, adjusting an MEMS device and the like by a resonator. However, the circuit structure thus formed inevitably generates an additional insertion loss, occupying an unnecessary circuit size, which greatly restricts the miniaturization of the system.
For example, chinese patent application CN112736382A discloses a switchable reconfigurable duplexer/bandpass filter, which is based on SIW reconfigurable dual-mode resonator, and adopts a multilayer structure to implement switching of multiple working modes such as reconfigurable duplexer, dual-band reconfigurable bandpass filter with different port outputs, and single-band reconfigurable bandpass filter with different port outputs, and implements continuous adjustment of working frequency and bandwidth of each resonant cavity by loading an adjustable capacitor in a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, implements adjustment of external quality factor by loading an adjustable capacitor on an input/output feeder, and implements independent control of various working modes by setting a PIN diode as a switchable device in a matching network. But its structural design is complex and it is difficult to achieve dynamic and independent adjustment of the dual-band attenuation while maintaining good selectivity and low reflection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the tunable duplexer is complex in structure, is not beneficial to miniaturization of a system and is difficult to realize dynamic and independent adjustment of dual-band attenuation in the prior art, and provides a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a metal grounding plate is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, and a microstrip circuit is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate;
the microstrip circuit comprises a first output microstrip line, a first microstrip resonator, an input microstrip line, a second microstrip resonator and a second output microstrip line which are sequentially arranged at intervals;
the first microstrip resonator and the second microstrip resonator both comprise a direct resonance microstrip line, a grounding microstrip line and two bending resonance microstrip lines which are connected with each other;
the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines are arranged on the same side, the straight resonance microstrip line is positioned between the two bending resonance microstrip lines, graphene sheets are arranged between the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines, and the graphene sheets are tightly attached to the straight resonance microstrip line and the bending resonance microstrip line; the grounding microstrip line is provided with a plurality of metal connecting holes for connecting the metal grounding plate.
Optionally, the first microstrip resonator and the second microstrip resonator are both quarter-wavelength microstrip resonators.
Optionally, the input microstrip line, the first output microstrip line, and the second output microstrip line all adopt microstrip lines with characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
Optionally, the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880 material.
Optionally, the metal grounding plate is made of any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, tin alloy, copper alloy, silver alloy, gold alloy, and platinum alloy.
Optionally, the interval between the input microstrip line and the first microstrip resonator is 1.1mm, the interval between the input microstrip line and the second microstrip resonator is 0.18mm, the interval between the first output microstrip line and the first microstrip resonator is 0.21mm, and the interval between the second output microstrip line and the first microstrip resonator is 0.22 mm.
Optionally, the input microstrip line is a rectangular microstrip line, and the first output microstrip line and the second microstrip resonator are bent microstrip lines.
Optionally, the thickness of the metal grounding plate is 0.018mm, and three metal connecting holes for connecting the metal grounding plate are arranged on the grounding microstrip line.
Optionally, the length and the width of each of the two bent resonance microstrip lines of the first microstrip resonator are both 32.7mm and 1.1mm, and the length and the width of each of the straight resonance microstrip lines are 36.7mm and 1.1mm, respectively; the distance between the bent resonance microstrip line and the straight resonance microstrip line is 5.15 mm;
the length and the width of each of the two bent resonance microstrip lines of the second microstrip resonator are both 16.8mm and 1.1 mm; the length of the straight resonance microstrip line is 36.7mm, and the width of the straight resonance microstrip line is 1.1 mm; the distance between the bent resonance microstrip line and the straight resonance microstrip line is 5.15 mm.
Optionally, the graphene film further comprises a bias voltage source, wherein the bias voltage source is connected with the graphene film and used for providing bias voltage for the graphene film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation, which is characterized in that a first output microstrip line, a first microstrip resonator, an input microstrip line, a second microstrip resonator and a second output microstrip line are sequentially arranged on a dielectric substrate at intervals, graphene sheets are arranged between a straight resonance microstrip line and two bent resonance microstrip lines of the microstrip resonators, the graphene sheets are used as loss materials, and the characteristic that graphene sheet resistance of the graphene sheets generates linear change along with the change of an applied bias voltage is adopted, so that the microstrip duplexer is adjustable in attenuation. In addition, the attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer based on the graphene sheet has the advantages that each channel has a respective transmission path, the transmission paths are not influenced mutually, and the reflection attenuation of the two channels can be independently adjusted. Meanwhile, a microstrip line structure is adopted, the graphene sheet is attached to the upper layer of the dielectric substrate, tuning is convenient, the size of the band-pass duplexer is effectively reduced, the miniaturization design is realized, the structural design is simple, and the production cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of an attenuation tunable microstrip duplexer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an impedance transformation diagram of graphene sheets under different bias voltages according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a reflection coefficient simulation and measurement curve diagram of the attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer in which the graphene sheet is added at the low-frequency channel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a transmission coefficient simulation and measurement curve diagram of the attenuation-tunable microstrip duplexer with the graphene sheet added at the low-frequency channel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a reflection coefficient simulation and measurement curve diagram of the attenuation-tunable microstrip duplexer with the graphene sheet added at the high-frequency channel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a transmission coefficient simulation and measurement curve diagram of the attenuation-tunable microstrip duplexer with the graphene sheet added at the high-frequency channel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a microstrip circuit; 2-a dielectric substrate; 3-a metal ground plate; 11-graphene sheets; 12-an input microstrip line; 13-a first output microstrip line; 14-a second output microstrip line; 15-a first microstrip resonator; 16-a second microstrip resonator; 17-a first ground microstrip line; 18-a second ground microstrip line; 21-metal connection hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation is provided, including a dielectric substrate 2, a metal ground plate 3 is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate 2, and a microstrip circuit 1 is disposed on the other side; the microstrip circuit 1 comprises a first output microstrip line 13, a first microstrip resonator 15, an input microstrip line 12, a second microstrip resonator 16 and a second output microstrip line 14 which are sequentially arranged at intervals; the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16 each include a direct resonance microstrip line, a ground microstrip line, and two bent resonance microstrip lines connected to each other; the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bent resonance microstrip lines are arranged on the same side, the straight resonance microstrip line is located between the two bent resonance microstrip lines, graphene sheets 11 are arranged between the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bent resonance microstrip lines, and the graphene sheets 11 are tightly attached to the straight resonance microstrip line and the bent resonance microstrip lines; the grounding microstrip line is provided with a plurality of metal connecting holes 21 connected with the metal grounding plate 3.
Specifically, the attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer based on the graphene sheet is different from the existing realization method for realizing the adjustable duplexer, the graphene sheet 11 is used as a loss material, and the characteristic that the graphene sheet resistance of the graphene sheet 11 linearly changes along with the change of an external bias voltage is adopted, so that the attenuation is adjustable, and meanwhile, the microstrip duplexer has low reflection and good selection performance. In addition, the attenuation-adjustable microstrip duplexer based on the graphene sheet has the advantages that each channel has the respective transmission path, the transmission paths are not influenced mutually, and the reflection attenuation of the two channels can be independently adjusted. Meanwhile, a microstrip line structure is adopted, the graphene sheet 11 is attached to the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 2, tuning is convenient, the size of the band-pass duplexer is effectively reduced, the miniaturization design is realized, the structural design is simple, and the production cost is low.
Optionally, the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16 are both quarter-wavelength microstrip resonators, so as to maintain good resonance performance. The input microstrip line 12, the first output microstrip line 13 and the second output microstrip line 14 are all microstrip lines with characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. The input microstrip line 12 is a rectangular microstrip line, and the first output microstrip line 13 and the second microstrip resonator 16 are bent microstrip lines. The metal grounding plate 3 is made of any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, tin alloy, copper alloy, silver alloy, gold alloy and platinum alloy.
Optionally, the interval between the input microstrip line 12 and the first microstrip resonator 15 is 1.1mm, the interval between the input microstrip line 12 and the second microstrip resonator 16 is 0.18mm, the interval between the first output microstrip line 13 and the first microstrip resonator 15 is 0.21mm, and the interval between the second output microstrip line 14 and the first microstrip resonator 15 is 0.22 mm. The thickness of the metal grounding plate 3 is 0.018mm, and three metal connecting holes 21 connected with the metal grounding plate 3 are arranged on the grounding microstrip line.
In a possible implementation manner, the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on the graphene sheet further includes a bias voltage source, and the bias voltage source is connected to the graphene sheet 11 and is configured to provide a bias voltage to the graphene sheet 11 and change the graphene sheet resistance of the graphene sheet 11 by applying different bias voltages.
In one possible embodiment, the dielectric substrate 2 is made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880 material with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.787 mm. Six metal connecting holes 21 are formed in the dielectric substrate 2 and are divided into two groups to be respectively connected with the grounding microstrip lines of the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16. The ports of the input microstrip line 12, the first output microstrip line 13 and the second output microstrip line 14 are all 50 ohm impedance matching microstrip lines, the two bending resonance microstrip lines are respectively positioned at the upper edge and the lower edge of the front surface of the dielectric substrate 2, and the rectangular input microstrip line 12 is positioned between the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16. The first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16 have similar structures, the upper and lower sides of the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16 are short sides, namely bending resonance microstrip lines, the middle side is a long side, namely a straight resonance microstrip line, and two graphene sheets 11 with the same size are respectively placed between the long side and the short side of the resonators. Rectangular first grounding microstrip lines 17 and rectangular second grounding microstrip lines 18 are respectively reserved on the left sides of the structures of the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16, three metal connecting holes 21 are respectively formed in the first grounding microstrip lines 17 and the second grounding microstrip lines 18, so that the input and output connector shell is conveniently grounded, and the use performance of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation is ensured. The back of the dielectric substrate 3 is a copper-clad grounding plate with the thickness of 0.018 mm.
The first input microstrip line 12 is a rectangular input microstrip line, is located between the first microstrip resonator 15 and the second microstrip resonator 16, is at a distance of 1.1mm from the lower side of the first microstrip resonator 15, is at a distance of 0.18mm from the upper side of the second microstrip resonator 16, and serves as a first input Port 1. The first output microstrip line 13 and the second output microstrip line 14 are bent output microstrip lines, and are respectively located at the upper edge and the lower edge of the front surface of the dielectric substrate 2, and the upper distance between the first output microstrip line 13 and the first microstrip resonator 15 is 0.21mm, and is used as a second output Port 2. The distance between the second output microstrip line 14 and the lower edge of the second microstrip resonator 16 is 0.22mm, and the third output Port3 is provided.
The microstrip resonance structure can generate the effect of three-mode filtering. In this embodiment, the following design parameters are adopted, but not limited to the following values: the length of the upper and lower short sides of the first microstrip resonator 15 is 32.7mm, the width is 1.1mm, the length of the middle long side is 36.7mm, and the width is 1.1 mm. The length of two upper and lower minor faces of second microstrip resonator 16 is 16.8mm, and the width is 1.1mm, and the length of middle long limit is 36.7mm, and the width is 1.1mm, and the distance of the long limit of two microstrip resonators and minor face is 5.15 mm.
All relevant plate parameters, the thickness of the metal grounding plate and the gap intervals can be adjusted linearly independently on the basis of ensuring that the return loss of each channel is larger than 10 dB.
The microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation of the invention is further explained by the following simulation experiments:
referring to fig. 4, the graphene sheet 11 has a change in graphene sheet resistance when the bias voltage is increased from 0V to 6V. The DC voltage source is used to power the microstrip circuit 1 and the graphene sheet 11. The measurement results show that as the bias voltage increases, the graphene sheet 11 has a graphene sheet resistance that gradually decreases from 260 ohms to 20 ohms. This impedance transformation characteristic indicates that the graphene sheets 11 may be used as lossy materials in certain specific applications.
The commercial simulation software HFSS _19.0 is used for carrying out simulation calculation on the graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation in the embodiment within the range of 0.5-3.5 GHz.
Referring to fig. 5, a result of simulation and measurement of a reflection coefficient of the graphene sheet 11 added at a low-frequency channel of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on the graphene sheet according to the present invention is shown. Wherein, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation, and the left vertical axis represents the return loss S of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation 11 Sim represents the simulation results, Mea represents the measurement results, and the different lines represent the different graphene sheet resistances of the graphene sheet 11. It can be seen that the center frequency of the low-frequency pass band is 1.4GHz, the bandwidth is 150MHz, the sheet resistance of the graphene sheet 11 is gradually reduced as the bias voltage is increased from 0V to 6V, the attenuation of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation can be tuned from 3dB to 10dB, and the high selectivity and low reflection are maintained.
Referring to fig. 6, a transmission coefficient simulation and measurement result of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on the graphene sheet is shown, where the graphene sheet 11 is added at a low-frequency channel and other channels are not changed. Wherein, the horizontal axis represents the signal frequency of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation, the left vertical axis represents the insertion loss of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation, S 21 Indicating the insertion loss, S, of the second output Port2 to the first input Port portlet 31 Indicating the insertion loss between the first input Port1 to the third output Port3, sim indicating the simulation results, Mea indicating the measurement results, the different lines indicating the different graphene sheet resistances of the graphene sheets 11. It can be seen that as the graphene sheet resistance decreases, the insertion loss of the frequency response of the microstrip duplexer increases.
Referring to fig. 7, a reflection parameter simulation and measurement result is shown in the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on graphene sheets, in which the graphene sheets 11 are added at a high-frequency channel, and other channels are not changed. The center frequency of the high-frequency channel is 2.4GHz, the bandwidth is 200MHz, the return loss of the second channel is better than 10dB, and the performance is excellent.
Referring to fig. 8, a transmission coefficient simulation result of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on the graphene sheet is shown, where the graphene sheet 11 is added at a high-frequency channel and other channels are not changed. It can be found that as the graphene sheet resistance of the graphene sheet 11 decreases, the insertion loss of the frequency response of the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation increases.
In summary, according to the microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on graphene sheets, the microstrip circuit 1 is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 2, the microstrip circuit 1 can generate a multimode effect, when each channel of the bandpass duplexer works at the central frequency thereof, the electric field intensity of each resonance unit will reach the maximum value, and at this time, the graphene sheets 11 arranged near the resonance units absorb the accumulated electric field, so that the maximum attenuation of each passband is realized. In addition, by changing the bias voltage added at the two ends of the graphene sheet 11, the graphene sheet resistance of the graphene sheet 11 also changes linearly, so that the attenuation of the microstrip duplexer becomes linearly independent and adjustable, and meanwhile, the microstrip duplexer has the advantages of low reflection, good signal selectivity, simple design, low manufacturing cost and the like.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate (2), wherein a metal grounding plate (3) is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate (2), and a microstrip circuit (1) is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate;
the microstrip circuit (1) comprises a first output microstrip line (13), a first microstrip resonator (15), an input microstrip line (12), a second microstrip resonator (16) and a second output microstrip line (14) which are sequentially arranged at intervals;
the first microstrip resonator (15) and the second microstrip resonator (16) respectively comprise a straight resonance microstrip line, a grounding microstrip line and two bending resonance microstrip lines which are connected with each other;
the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines are arranged on the same side, the straight resonance microstrip line is positioned between the two bending resonance microstrip lines, graphene sheets (11) are arranged between the straight resonance microstrip line and the two bending resonance microstrip lines, and the graphene sheets (11) are tightly attached to the straight resonance microstrip line and the bending resonance microstrip line; the grounding microstrip line is provided with a plurality of metal connecting holes (21) connected with the metal grounding plate (3).
2. The graphene sheet based microstrip duplexer of claim 1, wherein the first microstrip resonator (15) and the second microstrip resonator (16) are both quarter-wave microstrip resonators.
3. The graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the input microstrip line (12), the first output microstrip line (13), and the second output microstrip line (14) are microstrip lines with characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
4. The microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on graphene sheets according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate (2) is made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880 material.
5. The microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on graphene sheets according to claim 1, wherein the metal ground plate (3) is made of any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, an aluminum alloy, an iron alloy, a tin alloy, a copper alloy, a silver alloy, a gold alloy and a platinum alloy.
6. The graphene sheet based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation according to claim 1, wherein a spacing between the input microstrip line (12) and the first microstrip resonator (15) is 1.1mm, a spacing between the input microstrip line (12) and the second microstrip resonator (16) is 0.18mm, a spacing between the first output microstrip line (13) and the first microstrip resonator (15) is 0.21mm, and a spacing between the second output microstrip line (14) and the first microstrip resonator (15) is 0.22 mm.
7. The graphene sheet based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the input microstrip line (12) is a rectangular microstrip line, and the first output microstrip line (13) and the second microstrip resonator (16) are meander-type microstrip lines.
8. The graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the metal ground plate (3) is 0.018mm, and three metal connecting holes (21) for connecting the metal ground plate (3) are disposed on the ground microstrip line.
9. The graphene sheet-based microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the two bent resonant microstrip lines of the first microstrip resonator (15) have a length of 32.7mm and a width of 1.1mm, and the straight resonant microstrip line has a length of 36.7mm and a width of 1.1 mm; the distance between the bent resonance microstrip line and the straight resonance microstrip line is 5.15 mm;
the length of each of the two bent resonance microstrip lines of the second microstrip resonator (16) is 16.8mm, and the width of each of the two bent resonance microstrip lines is 1.1 mm; the length of the straight resonance microstrip line is 36.7mm, and the width of the straight resonance microstrip line is 1.1 mm; the distance between the bent resonance microstrip line and the straight resonance microstrip line is 5.15 mm.
10. The microstrip duplexer with adjustable attenuation based on graphene sheets according to claim 1, further comprising a bias voltage source connected to the graphene sheets (11) for providing a bias voltage to the graphene sheets (11).
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