CN114923334A

CN114923334A - Double-hearth heating furnace drying facility and method

Info

Publication number: CN114923334A
Application number: CN202210316237.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 剡猛; 聂宗兵; 马斌良; 王保强; 宋守信; 白小斌
Original assignee: Zhejiang Petroleum and Chemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Petroleum and Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2022-08-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-hearth heating furnace drying facility and a method, which comprises a desalted water distributor, a silencer and a heating furnace with a fuel gas line, wherein a furnace tube is arranged in the heating furnace, one end of the furnace tube extends out of the heating furnace and is connected with the desalted water distributor, the other end of the furnace tube extends out of the heating furnace and is connected with the silencer, and the upper end of the heating furnace is connected with a flue.

Description

Double-hearth heating furnace drying facility and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a facility and a method, in particular to a double-hearth heating furnace drying facility and a method, belonging to the field of heating furnace facilities.

Background

In the chemical equipment, the heating furnace is a common device, wherein, the tubular heating furnace is widely used in oil refining chemical equipment, the heating furnace is in the construction process, the lining brick masonry and the refractory castable contain a large amount of free water, crystal water and residual bound water, and the water can quickly vaporize and expand after the heating furnace is ignited and put into use, which may cause furnace wall spalling, bubbling, deformation and even furnace wall collapse, so the heating furnace must be dried before put into production, the free water, the crystal water and the residual bound water are slowly evaporated and separated out, and the furnace wall castable is sintered at high temperature. In the baking process, the casting material needs to be slowly and uniformly heated according to a baking curve corresponding to the characteristics of the casting material product, the whole process usually needs 5 to 7 days, and the baking method generally adopted at present comprises the following steps: the oil-carrying material or nitrogen is used as the heat-carrying medium of the oven. Therefore, the operation can be carried out only after the construction of a public engineering system such as a fuel gas system is finished, the construction and operation time of the existing newly-built device is required to be as short as possible, and the existing furnace baking facilities and methods cannot meet the requirement of compressing the operation time.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the double-hearth heating furnace drying facility and the method, which have the technical characteristics of simple structure, strong practicability, capability of drying under the condition that 1.0MPa steam does not exist, advanced drying operation, capability of detecting and finding problems in advance, reservation of sufficient reforming time, guarantee of the drying effect, capability of striding over the drying operation in the production process, saving of the start-up time, improvement of economic benefits and the like.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a two furnace heating furnace baker facilities, includes demineralized water distributor, muffler and has the heating furnace of fuel gas line, be equipped with the boiler tube in the heating furnace, boiler tube one end is stretched out the heating furnace and is connected with demineralized water distributor, the boiler tube other end is stretched out the heating furnace and is connected with the muffler, the heating furnace upper end is connected with the flue.

Preferably, the furnace tube is connected with the desalted water distributor through a flange, and the furnace tube is connected with the silencer through a flange.

Preferably, the demineralized water distributor comprises a body, a main channel is arranged in the body, a demineralized water inlet is connected to the upper end of the body, a 0.3MPa steam inlet is formed in the left end of the main channel, and a demineralized water outlet is formed in the right end of the main channel.

Preferably, the main channels from left to right comprise a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a fourth channel and a fifth channel which are sequentially connected and communicated, the diameter of the first channel is smaller than that of the second channel, the diameter of the third channel is gradually reduced, the diameter of the fourth channel is the same as that of the rightmost end of the third channel, and the diameter of the fifth channel is gradually increased; the demineralized water inlet is communicated with the second channel.

Preferably, a tapered tube with a gradually reduced diameter extends from the right end of the first channel, the tapered tube extends into the third channel, a mixing chamber is formed at the outlet end of the third channel, and steam at the outlet end of the tapered tube and demineralized water at the inlet of the demineralized water are mixed in the mixing chamber and flow to the fourth channel.

Preferably, the demineralized water inlet is connected with a temporary demineralized water line, and the 0.3MPa steam inlet is connected with a temporary 0.3MPa steam line.

Preferably, the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of heating furnaces which are independent from each other.

Preferably, a plurality of heating furnaces are connected to the same flue.

Preferably, the demineralized water entry is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with interim demineralized waterline, 0.3MPa steam entry is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with interim 0.3MPa steam line, the demineralized water export is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with the boiler tube.

The invention relates to a method for baking a furnace by using a double-hearth heating furnace baking facility, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: after the construction of the heating furnace is finished, natural ventilation drying is carried out for more than 5 days at ambient temperature or for more than 10 days at the ambient temperature of more than 5 ℃, a 0.3MPa steam line on a demineralized water distributor is opened, steam is introduced into the furnace tube, and a silencer connected with the top of the furnace tube is used;

step two: igniting a heating furnace fire nozzle to improve the temperature of a hearth in the heating furnace, controlling the temperature of the hearth by controlling the fuel gas amount of the hearth fire nozzle, and increasing the temperature of the hearth to 150 ℃ according to the temperature rise speed of not more than 15 ℃/h;

step three: controlling the temperature of a hearth at 150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 24 hours, and removing natural water;

step four: after the dehydration at the constant temperature of 150 ℃, the hearth is heated to 350 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, the surface temperature of the furnace tube is monitored in the heating process, if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃, a 0.3MPa steam line hand valve on the desalted water distributor is opened, and the amount of steam introduced into the furnace tube is increased;

step five: controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 350 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 24 hours;

step six: after the constant temperature of 350 ℃, the hearth is heated to 500 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, the surface temperature of the furnace tube is monitored in the heating process, if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃, a demineralized water hand valve on the demineralized water distributor is opened, and demineralized water is introduced into the furnace tube;

step seven: controlling the temperature of a hearth at 500 ℃, and keeping the temperature constant for 24 hours to remove crystal water;

step eight: after 500 ℃ constant temperature dehydration is finished, controlling the hearth to heat up to 550 ℃ at a speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, monitoring the surface temperature of the furnace tube in the heating process, and opening a desalted water hand valve on the desalted water distributor to increase the amount of desalted water introduced into the furnace tube if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃;

step nine: controlling the furnace hearth to be constant at 550 ℃ for 24 hours for sintering;

step ten: after the furnace hearth is sintered at the constant temperature of 550 ℃, controlling the furnace hearth to cool to 150 ℃ at the speed of not more than 25 ℃/h, controlling the surface temperature of the furnace tube to be not more than 400 ℃ at this stage, extinguishing the fire nozzle of the heating furnace after the furnace hearth is cooled to 150 ℃, stopping desalting water and 0.3MPa steam, closing a flue baffle, stopping a blower/an induced draft fan, and stopping the furnace;

step eleven: when the temperature of the hearth is reduced to 100 ℃, the air door and the flue baffle are opened to naturally cool to normal temperature, and the oven is dried.

Has the beneficial effects that: simple structure, the simple operation, market prospect is wide, can make newly-built heating furnace can implement the baker under the condition that 1.0MPa steam does not possess, carries out the baker operation in advance, can inspect the discovery problem in advance, reserves sufficient rectification time, has guaranteed the baker effect, can stride the baker operation in the in-process of putting into production, has practiced thrift the time of starting a job, and extra investment is little, and the flexible operation is controllable, has improved economic benefits.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a demineralized water dispenser according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1: the two heating furnaces are respectively a heating furnace A and a heating furnace B, and the furnace tubes are respectively a furnace tube A of a hearth and a furnace tube B of the hearth; the demineralized water distributor is divided into a demineralized water distributor A and a demineralized water distributor B; the silencer is divided into a silencer A and a silencer B. In example 1, only two heating furnaces are selected, and in a specific case, the number of the heating furnaces can be increased or decreased according to actual situations.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: a desalted water distributor A is arranged at a furnace tube outlet (flange) of a hearth A of the heating furnace A; a furnace tube outlet (flange) of a hearth B of the heating furnace B is provided with a desalted water distributor B; a silencer A is arranged at a furnace tube inlet (flange) of a hearth A of the heating furnace A; a silencer B is arranged at a furnace tube inlet (flange) of a hearth B of the heating furnace B; a desalted water inlet of the desalted water distributor A/B is connected with a temporary desalted water line; a 0.3MPa inlet of the desalted water distributor A/B is connected with a temporary 0.3MPa steam line;

the demineralized water distributor comprises a demineralized water inlet, a 0.3MPa steam inlet and a demineralized water outlet; the demineralized water inlet is of a flange structure and is conveniently connected with a temporary demineralized water line, and the 0.3MPa steam inlet is of a flange structure and is conveniently connected with a temporary 0.3MPa steam line; the demineralized water outlet is of a flange structure, the specification of the flange is consistent with that of the temporary baking furnace flange at the furnace tube outlet of the heating furnace, and the demineralized water outlet is connected with the temporary baking furnace flange of the furnace tube of the heating furnace.

The structure of the following demineralized water dispenser is creatively adopted in the application: the main channel on the demineralized water distributor from left to right comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a fourth channel and a fifth channel which are sequentially connected and communicated, wherein the diameter of the first channel is smaller than that of the second channel, the diameter of the third channel is gradually reduced, the diameter of the fourth channel is the same as that of the rightmost end of the third channel, and the diameter of the fifth channel is gradually increased; the demineralized water entry communicates with the second passageway, and the right-hand member of first passageway extends has the tapered tube that the diameter diminishes gradually, and the tapered tube stretches into in the third passageway, and third passageway exit end goes out to be formed with the mixing chamber, and the demineralized water of vapor, demineralized water entry of tapered tube exit end mixes and flow to the fourth passageway in the mixing chamber for flow is more high-efficient after mixing, novel structure.

Based on the structure in embodiment 1, the baking method is performed, and includes the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: after the construction of the heating furnace is finished, natural ventilation drying is carried out for more than 5 days at ambient temperature or for more than 10 days at the ambient temperature of more than 5 ℃, 0.3MPa steam lines on the demineralized water distributor A and the demineralized water distributor B are opened, steam is introduced into the furnace tube of the hearth A and the furnace tube of the hearth B, and a silencer connected with the top of the furnace tubes is used;

step two: igniting a heating furnace nozzle to increase the temperature of the hearth, controlling the temperature of the hearth by controlling the fuel gas amount of the A/B hearth nozzle, and increasing the temperature of the A/B hearth to 150 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of not more than 15 ℃/h;

step three: the temperature of the A/B hearth is controlled at 150 ℃, and the temperature is kept constant for 24 hours, so that natural water is removed;

step four: after the dehydration at the constant temperature of 150 ℃, the A/B hearth is heated to 350 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h. In the temperature rising process, the surface temperature of the furnace tube is monitored, and if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃, a 0.3MPa steam line hand valve on the desalted water distributor is opened to increase the amount of steam introduced into the furnace tube;

step five: the temperature of the A/B hearth is controlled at 350 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 24 hours;

step six: after the constant temperature of 350 ℃, the A/B hearth is heated to 500 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h; in the temperature rising process, the surface temperature of the furnace tube is monitored, and if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃, a demineralized water hand valve on the demineralized water distributor is opened, and certain demineralized water is introduced into the furnace tube;

step seven: controlling the temperature of the A/B hearth to be 500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 24 hours to remove crystal water;

step eight: after the dehydration at the constant temperature of 500 ℃, controlling the A/B hearth to heat to 550 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, monitoring the surface temperature of the furnace tube in the heating process, and opening a demineralized water hand valve on the demineralized water distributor to increase the amount of demineralized water introduced into the furnace tube if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃;

step nine: controlling the furnace hearth of A/B to be constant at 550 ℃ for 24 hours for sintering;

step ten: after the sintering at 550 ℃ of the A/B hearth is finished, the A/B hearth is controlled to be cooled to 150 ℃ at the speed of not more than 25 ℃/h, and the surface temperature of the furnace tube is controlled to be not more than 400 ℃ at the stage. After the temperature of the hearth is reduced to 150 ℃, extinguishing a burner of the heating furnace, stopping desalting water and 0.3MPa steam, closing a flue baffle, stopping a blower/an induced draft fan, and carrying out furnace closing;

step eleven: when the temperature of the A/B hearth is reduced to 100 ℃, opening the air door and the flue baffle plate, naturally cooling to normal temperature, and finishing baking the furnace;

in the fourth step to the tenth step, the steam amount and the desalted water amount of the desalted water distributor need to be adjusted according to the surface temperature of the furnace tube. The surface temperature of two furnace tubes of the A/B hearth is controlled not to exceed 400 ℃ through the desalted water amount introduced into the furnace tubes.

It should be noted that: aiming at different casting materials, the heating rate of each heating stage and the cooling rate of each cooling stage can be correspondingly changed. The constant temperature of each constant temperature stage can be changed correspondingly according to different pouring materials. The constant temperature time of each constant temperature stage can be changed correspondingly according to different pouring materials.

Finally, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a two furnace heating furnace baker facilities which characterized in that: the heating furnace comprises a desalted water distributor, a silencer and a heating furnace with a fuel gas line, wherein a furnace tube is arranged in the heating furnace, one end of the furnace tube extends out of the heating furnace and is connected with the desalted water distributor, the other end of the furnace tube extends out of the heating furnace and is connected with the silencer, and the upper end of the heating furnace is connected with a flue.

2. The dual hearth furnace baking facility of claim 1, wherein: the furnace tube is connected with the desalted water distributor through a flange, and the furnace tube is connected with the silencer through a flange.

3. A twin-hearth heating furnace baking facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the demineralized water distributor comprises a body, a main channel is arranged inside the body, a demineralized water inlet is connected to the upper end of the body, a 0.3MPa steam inlet is formed in the left end of the main channel, and a demineralized water outlet is formed in the right end of the main channel.

4. A dual hearth heating furnace drying facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: the main channels from left to right comprise a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a fourth channel and a fifth channel which are sequentially connected and communicated, the diameter of the first channel is smaller than that of the second channel, the diameter of the third channel is gradually reduced, the diameter of the fourth channel is the same as that of the rightmost end of the third channel, and the diameter of the fifth channel is gradually increased; the demineralized water inlet is communicated with the second channel.

5. The dual hearth furnace baking facility of claim 4, wherein: the steam at the outlet end of the conical pipe and the demineralized water at the demineralized water inlet are mixed in the mixing chamber and flow to the fourth channel.

6. The twin-hearth heating furnace baking facility according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the demineralized water inlet is connected with a temporary demineralized water line, and the 0.3MPa steam inlet is connected with a temporary 0.3MPa steam line.

7. The oven facility of a dual-hearth heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of mutually independent heating furnaces.

8. The dual hearth furnace baking facility of claim 7, wherein: and a plurality of heating furnaces are connected to the same flue.

9. The oven facility of a dual-hearth heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the demineralized water entry is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with interim demineralized water line, 0.3MPa steam inlet is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with interim 0.3MPa steam line, the demineralized water export is the flange structure, is convenient for be connected with the boiler tube.

10. A method of operating a dual hearth furnace baking facility according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method includes the steps of:

step five: the temperature of the hearth is controlled to be 350 ℃, and the constant temperature is kept for 24 hours;

step six: after the temperature of 350 ℃ is kept constant, the hearth is heated to 500 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, the surface temperature of the furnace tube is monitored in the heating process, if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃, a demineralized water hand valve on the demineralized water distributor is opened, and demineralized water is introduced into the furnace tube;

step eight: after the dehydration at the constant temperature of 500 ℃, controlling the hearth to heat up to 550 ℃ at the speed of not more than 15 ℃/h, monitoring the surface temperature of the furnace tube in the heating process, and opening a desalted water hand valve on the desalted water distributor to increase the amount of desalted water introduced into the furnace tube if the surface temperature of the furnace tube is close to 400 ℃;

step eleven: when the temperature of the hearth is reduced to 100 ℃, the air door and the flue baffle are opened to naturally cool to normal temperature, and the furnace is dried.