CN114920946A - Dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-induced color-changing coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coordination polymer has the following chemical formula: [ Ni (L1) (L2) (H) 2 O)(DMF)]∙ DMF. A certain amount of Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, N, N '-bis (4-pyridyl) -1,4,5, 8-naphthalimide (L1) and 4,4' -diphenylethylene dicarboxylic acid (H) 2 L2) and a certain amount of deionized water and N, N' -Dimethylformamide (DMF) in a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, sealing and heating for a period of time at a certain temperature, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain yellow crystals, namely the water-induced color-changing complex with the 2D → 3D poly-locked structure. The synthetic method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, good in repeatability and high in product yield; water and a small amount of DMF are taken as solvents, so that the environment is protected; the temperature range required for the color change of the coordination polymer is wide (150 ℃ and 267 ℃), and can change color in a plurality of ways and is sensitive to color change; the coordination polymer has good stability and can be repeatedly used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry, and relates to a coordination polymer, in particular to a dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, visible color-changing materials that undergo a color change visible to the naked eye upon stimulation by an external signal have received much attention for use in a wide variety of fields such as sensing, inkless-erasable printing, and forgery prevention. According to the difference of the types of external signals, the color change phenomenon can be classified into photochromism, electrochromism, thermochromism, solvent photochromism, mechanical photochromism and the like. However, most photochromic, electrochromic, thermochromic and mechanochromic processes require intense external signal stimuli, such as the need for varying light intensities, high pressures, high temperatures and specific mechanical thresholds. These limit their widespread and convenient use in everyday production and life. By a hydrochromic material is meant a material that is capable of undergoing a change in light absorption or emission properties when stimulated by water. The hydrochroming process is one of the solvent-induced discoloring processes, and in contrast, requires milder external stimuli. The color change of the dehydration process can be typically achieved by heating, contact with a desiccant, or vacuum drying. The color change process of water absorption can occur only by contacting the surface of the material with liquid water or water vapor. Based on this feature, the hydrochromic material can be used in visual monitoring, carbon paper, humidity sensors, human sweat pore mapping, and in the paint and coatings industry.
Coordination polymers are a relatively bulky class of hybrid materials. Because there are infinite combinations of metal ions and organic ligands that make up the coordination polymer, there is infinite diversity in the structure and properties of the coordination polymer, making it suitable for the construction of color-changing materials. In various organic ligands, the naphthalimide derivative with pi electron deficiency can respond to external light, electricity, heat and other stimuli well, generate naphthalimide free radicals through an electron reduction process and generate color change. The polybasic carboxylic acid ligand is an electron-rich substance and can be used as an electron donor when the color-changing material is constructed. Thus, the combination of naphthalene diimide derivatives and polycarboxylic acid ligands can be used to construct a photochromic coordination polymer.
On the other hand, in recent years, a coordination polymer having an entangled structure has attracted particular attention because of its attractive topological structure and its wide application in many fields such as adsorption, molecular recognition, and sensing. To date, a variety of entanglement structures have been reported, such as poly threads, coalescence, polyrotaxane, and polylock. In these systems, the coordination polymer having a poly-locked structure has high flexibility and stability, and when dehydration or water absorption occurs, the lattice can be compressed or expanded while the framework is kept stable, and the distance between the electron donor and the acceptor is shortened or prolonged, so that the electron transfer and the generation or quenching of free radicals are controlled. Therefore, the coordination polymer having a polymer structure is suitable for use as a hydrochromic material.
The current research on the hydrochromic materials is mainly focused on organic materials. Compared with organic hydrochromic materials, the hydrochromic coordination polymer can combine the thermal stability and high strength of inorganic compounds while retaining the advantage of easy modification processing of organic compounds, and can synergistically generate some new excellent properties. Therefore, the research of the water-induced discoloration coordination polymer becomes one of the current research hotspots.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure and the preparation method thereof are provided, the synthesis method is simple to operate, the product yield is high, the coordination compound is green and environment-friendly, the color of the coordination compound is changed in various ways, the color change is sensitive, the temperature range required by the color change is wide, the stability is good, and the coordination compound can be repeatedly used.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure has the following chemical formula: [ Ni (L1) (L2) (H) 2 O)(DMF)]∙ DMF; its crystal belongs to orthorhombic system, and its space group isPnmaCell parameter ofa = 14.8652(6) Å,b = 25.7884(12) Å,c = 10.9334(5) Å,α = 90°,β = 90°,γ = 90°,V = 4193.3(3) Å 3 。
Wherein, the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure is a hydrochromic coordination polymer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a certain amount of reaction raw materials with a certain amount of solvent, carrying out sealed reaction in a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining at a certain temperature for a period of time, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain yellow crystals, namely the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure.
Wherein, the reaction raw materials are metal salt and ligand; the metal salt is Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, ligand L1, H 2 L2; the solvent is a mixture of deionized water and DMF.
Wherein L1 is N, N' -di (4-pyridyl) -1,4,5, 8-naphthalimide, H 2 L2 is 4,4 '-diphenylethylene dicarboxylic acid and DMF is N, N' -dimethylformamide.
Wherein the specific reaction conditions are as follows: the mass-volume ratio of the reaction raw materials to the solvent is 127 mg: 10 mL; the metal salt, ligand L1, H in the reaction raw materials 2 The mass ratio of L2 is 58: 42: 27; the volume ratio of deionized water to DMF in the solvent was 19: 1; the reaction temperature is 90 ℃; the reaction time was 70 hours.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the preparation method is simple to operate, good in repeatability and high in product yield, and water and a small amount of DMF are taken as solvents, so that the preparation method is green and environment-friendly. 2. The complex has a wider temperature range (150 ℃ C. and 267 ℃ C.) required by color change, can generate color change in various ways, and is sensitive to color change. 3. The complex has good stability and can be repeatedly used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the coordination environment of Ni (II) ions in a complex;
FIG. 2 is a 2D layered structure formed by Ni (II) and L1 ligands in the complex and a simplified topological structure diagram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interlocking of two-dimensional layers arranged in two different directions in a complex;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a 2D → 3D poly-lock topology of the complex;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a complex showing a water-induced color change;
FIG. 6 is the electron paramagnetic vibration spectrum of the complex at room temperature and 150 ℃.
FIG. 7 is a UV-vis absorption spectrum of a complex before and after water loss.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the conditions used in this example are the best solutions obtained after a large number of parallel experiments, under which the most suitable crystals to be tested are obtained. Changing the reactant ratio, temperature or time did not result in crystals or the resulting crystals were not suitable for testing.
Example (b): 0.058 g of Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, 0.042 g of L1, 0.027 g of H 2 And (3) hermetically reacting the mixture of L2, 9.5 mL of deionized water and 0.5 mL of DMF in a 20 mL reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining at 90 ℃ for 70 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain yellow crystals, namely the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure, wherein the yield is 47%.
The main infrared absorption peaks of the coordination polymer obtained are as follows: 3407 (m), 3069 (w), 2935 (m), 1935 (w), 1725(s), 1675(s), 1600(s), 1585(s), 1554(s), 1500 (m), 1450(s), 1388(s), 1340(s), 1249(s), 1193 (m), 1146 (m), 1122 (m), 1094 (m), 1063 (w), 1015 (w), 984(w), 868 (w), 840 (m), 793(s), 757 (m), 710 (m), 690 (w), 634(s).
The relevant characterization of the coordination polymer obtained above is as follows:
(1) and (3) crystal structure determination: the diffraction data were collected on a Bruker SMART APEX II diffractometer using Mo K α Ray (C)λ= 0.71073 a), temperature 173K; correcting using a technical scan; the crystal structure is solved by a SHELXS-2013 program through a direct method, and a SHELEXL-2013 program is used for fine modification through a full matrix least square method; correcting the temperature factor of non-hydrogen atoms by using anisotropy; detailed crystallographic data are shown in table 1; representative bond lengths and bond angles are shown in table 2; the hydrogen bonding data are shown in table 3. The crystal structure of the complex is shown in figures 1-4.
The crystals of the obtained complex belong to an orthorhombic system and have a space group ofPnmaCell parameter ofa = 14.8652(6) Å,b = 25.7884(12) Å,c = 10.9334(5) Å,α = 90°,β = 90°,γ = 90°,V = 4193.3(3) Å 3 . The asymmetric unit of the complex comprises half Ni (II) ion, half L1, half L2 anion, half coordinated water molecule, half coordinated DMF molecule and half lattice DMF molecule. The ni (ii) ion is a hexacoordinated octahedral coordination configuration, coordinating two nitrogen atoms from two different L1 ligands and four oxygen atoms from two different L2 anions, one water molecule and one DMF molecule (see fig. 1). The equatorial positions of the octahedron being occupied by two oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms (O3, O3) #1 N1 and N1 #1 ) And the apex position is occupied by two oxygen atoms (O5 and O6). Each L1 ligand is coordinated to two ni (ii) ions to form a staircase-type chain. L2 further links the chains in a stair-like fashion into a layered structure (see fig. 2). One DMF molecule and one water molecule as terminal ligands coordinate with Ni (II) ion without affecting the structure and dimension of the framework. From a topological point of view, each ni (ii) can be considered as a 4-linked node, and the L1 ligand and the L2 anion can be considered as linkers. Thus, the two-dimensional layer can be simplified to a Schl ä fli symbol of (4) 4 ∙6 2 ) The sql-topology network of (see fig. 2). The most interesting structural feature of the complex is that the two-dimensional layers are arranged in two different directions, each two-dimensional layer interlocking with an infinite number of other two-dimensional layers from different directions via Hopf connections (see fig. 3), forming a 2D → 3D cohesive locking framework (see fig. 4). In addition, intramolecular hydrogen bond interaction exists between O5 on water molecules and O4 of L2 anions, and the stability of the complex structure is improved.
(2) Study of the Water-induced discoloration properties: the complex obtained above was heated at 150 ℃ and a color change from yellow to green was observed within 5 minutes. If a sample of the complex is placed in a desiccator containing concentrated sulfuric acid as a drying agent, it may also change from yellow to green after several hours. After the complex which had turned green was removed from the dryer or heated, a color change from green to yellow was observed after 2 minutes of contact with air (see FIG. 5). If it is to be greenThe sample immediately turned from green to yellow upon direct contact with liquid water. The reversible water-induced color change process of the complex can be repeated for a plurality of times. The complex is very stable and does not collapse before heating to 267 ℃. The color change temperature range is wide, and the complex can generate color change from yellow to green by heating in the temperature range of 150-267 ℃. The mechanism of the hydrochromism is that after the complex is heated or dried by concentrated sulfuric acid, the complex loses coordinated water molecules, the crystal lattice of the complex is compressed, the distance between an electron donor (an electron-rich L2 anion) and an electron acceptor (an electron-deficient L1 ligand) is shortened, electron transfer is carried out, and a naphthalene diimide free radical is generated, so that a sample is changed from yellow to green. After the green sample is contacted with air, water molecules in the air are absorbed to generate coordination, or the green sample is directly coordinated with liquid water molecules after being contacted with liquid water, lattice expansion is generated, the distance between an electron donor and an acceptor is restored to the original length, electron transfer is blocked, and quenching of free radicals is generated, so that the sample is changed from green to yellow. The complex has high flexibility and stability due to the 2D → 3D poly-lock framework. It is possible to keep the frame structure from collapsing during the compression and expansion of the lattice. This mechanism can be demonstrated by electron paramagnetic vibration spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. Electron paramagnetic vibration spectrum of complex at 150 deg.CgThe free radical signal peak appears at 2.0038, whereas the complex at room temperature does not (see fig. 6). On a UV-vis spectrum, the complex before dehydration only has a very weak absorption peak at 725 nm, while the absorption peak intensity of the complex after dehydration by heating at 725 nm is greatly increased, which can prove that free radicals are generated.
Symmetric code: #1 x, -y + 3/2, z。
Claims (5)
1. a dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D interlocking structure, characterized in that it has the following chemical formula: [ Ni (L1) (L2) (H2O) (DMF) ] ∙ DMF; its crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group is Pnma, unit cell parameters a = 14.8652(6) a, b = 25.7884(12) a, c = 10.9334(5) a, α = 90 °, β = 90 °, γ = 90 °, V = 4193.3(3) a 3.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the DCPA/PE: mixing a certain amount of reaction raw materials with a certain amount of solvent, carrying out sealed reaction in a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining at a certain temperature for a period of time, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain yellow crystals, namely the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with a 2D → 3D poly-locked structure.
3. The method for preparing the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the reaction raw materials are metal salt and a ligand; the metal salt is Ni (NO3) 2.6H 2O, and the ligand is L1 and H2L 2; the solvent is a mixture of deionized water and DMF.
4. The method for preparing the dicarboxylic acid Ni (II) with 2D → 3D poly-locked structure of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the L1 is N, N ' -bis (4-pyridyl) -1,4,5, 8-naphthalimide, H2L2 is 4,4' -diphenylethylene dicarboxylic acid, and DMF is N, N ' -dimethylformamide.
5. The method for preparing the dicarbocarboxylic acid Ni (II) hydrochromic coordination polymer with 2D → 3D interlocking structure as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the specific reaction conditions are as follows: the mass-volume ratio of the reaction raw materials to the solvent is 127 mg: 10 mL; the mass ratio of the metal salt to the ligand L1 to H2L2 in the reaction raw materials is 58: 42: 27; the volume ratio of deionized water to DMF in the solvent was 19: 1; the reaction temperature is 90 ℃; the reaction time was 70 hours.
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