CN114920524A - Preparation method of novel concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN114920524A CN114920524A CN202210688626.0A CN202210688626A CN114920524A CN 114920524 A CN114920524 A CN 114920524A CN 202210688626 A CN202210688626 A CN 202210688626A CN 114920524 A CN114920524 A CN 114920524A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 142
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYYWJTRFINXUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L O.[Ca++].[O-][Cl](=O)=O.[O-][Cl](=O)=O Chemical compound O.[Ca++].[O-][Cl](=O)=O.[O-][Cl](=O)=O GYYWJTRFINXUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0409—Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/46—Water-loss or fluid-loss reducers, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents, water retention agents
- C04B2103/465—Water-sorbing agents, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of novel concreteThe method comprises the steps of preparing the premix S by using, by weight, 920-1015 parts of coarse aggregate and 620-1000 parts of fine aggregate 1 (ii) a Preparing premix S from 140 parts of 410 parts of cement and 8-12 parts of SAP resin 2 Standby; 4.5-16 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent and 155-220 parts of water are used for preparing premix S 3 Standby; mixing the premix S 1 Premix S 2 And adding 45-120 parts of mineral powder and 65-140 parts of fly ash into a stirring tower to prepare a uniform material S 4 (ii) a Taking 30-50% of premix S 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S 4 To prepare the uniform material S 5 (ii) a The rest of premix S 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S 5 And (4) uniformly mixing to obtain the pervious concrete. According to the invention, the aggregate is added with the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent, the water-retaining agent and other additives to be uniformly stirred, so that the pervious concrete has excellent compression and fracture resistance and good water permeability and adsorption capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to concrete.
Background
Concrete is widely used in the construction industry as one of the most important building materials. The existing concrete is mainly prepared by mixing cement, auxiliary materials, additives, mineral materials and water according to the required performance requirements in a certain proportion, and is used for different purposes after being mixed.
The rapid development of urbanization brings a series of problems of heat island effect, urban waterlogging and urban groundwater resource shortage. Therefore, the country proposes a development concept of 'sponge cities' to restore the urban ecological environment, and the permeable concrete is widely applied to green town construction due to the high porosity of the permeable concrete.
The existing pervious concrete is mainly used for preparing pervious concrete bricks, is mainly applied to areas with small bearing capacity, such as green belts on two sides of parks and roads, and is limited by various mechanical property limitations of the pervious concrete, such as insufficient compressive strength and rupture strength, and the application of the pervious concrete is limited. In addition, the urban surface pollutants are of various types, such as various oil and fat, heavy metal ions and other pollutants which permeate into the ground through the water permeable bricks or the soil can also pollute the originally exhausted underground water source.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method of a novel concrete, so as to solve the problem that the compressive strength of the pervious concrete is insufficient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of novel concrete, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing 920-1015 parts of coarse aggregate and 620-1000 parts of fine aggregate according to the parts by weight, and premixing to prepare premix S 1 Standby; metering and proportioning 140-410 parts of cement and 8-12 parts of SAP resin, and premixing to prepare premix S 2 Standby; 4.5-16 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent and 220 parts of 155-220 parts of water are metered and mixed for preparing premix S 3 Standby;
step 2: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 And adding the active mineral admixture with the measured proportioning amount into a stirring building, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises 45-120 parts of mineral powder and 65-140 parts of fly ash;
and 3, step 3: taking 30-50% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 5-15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 In the process, the concrete is uniformly mixed at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to obtain the finished concrete.
Preferably, the other steps of the concrete are kept unchanged; and (3) reducing the using amount of the mineral powder and the fly ash in the active mineral admixture in the step (2), and replacing 1/3-1/2 of the mineral powder and the fly ash with silica fume.
Preferably, red mud with the weight ratio of 10% -30% of mineral powder and 45-120 parts of mineral powder are premixed to prepare premix S 6 Mixing the obtained premix S 6 And (3) mixing in the step 2, and uniformly mixing according to the uniformly mixing process in the step 2.
Preferably, 5 percent of mineral powder mass part of alkali activator in metered proportion is mixed into 30 to 50 percent of premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 And (4) uniformly stirring and mixing for 30-60min to obtain the initial mixture in the step (4).
Preferably, the preparation method of the alkali-activating agent comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; mixing the mixture into water, and preparing the alkali activator with the alkali equivalent of 6 percent under the conditions of heating temperature of 50-65 ℃, stirring speed of 300-450rpm and stirring time of 30 min.
Preferably, the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a Kojie aliphatic water reducing agent.
Preferably, the fine aggregate is medium sand, the grain diameter of the medium sand is 0.2-0.5mm, and the grading proportion is adjusted according to the components of the concrete raw material.
Preferably, the coarse aggregate is broken stone, the particle size of the broken stone is 5-15mm, and the grading proportion is adjusted according to the components of the concrete raw material.
The technical scheme of the invention at least comprises the following technical effects:
1. according to the concrete, the active mineral admixture and the water reducing agent are added, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced;
2. according to the concrete provided by the embodiment of the application, the SPA resin is added into the concrete, so that the water retention of the concrete is improved, and the compressive strength and the flexural strength of a concrete workpiece are further improved;
3. the red mud and the alkali activator are doped into the active mineral admixture in the embodiment of the application, so that the mineral powder and the red mud are promoted to form a cementitious material, the microstructure of the concrete is improved, the adsorption performance of the concrete is improved, and the adsorption performance of the pervious concrete on heavy metal ions is met.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concrete preparation process in an example of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows the concrete compressive strength of examples 1 to 9 of the present application for 28 days;
FIG. 3 shows the 28-day flexural strength of the concrete of examples 1 to 9 of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows the water permeability and porosity of the concrete in examples 1 to 9 of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the embodiments of the present invention.
The preparation method of the novel concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing 1015 parts of coarse aggregate and 1000 parts of fine aggregate according to the parts by weight, and premixing to prepare premix S 1 Standby; metering and proportioning 140-410 parts of cement and 8-12 parts of SAP resin, and premixing to prepare premix S 2 Standby; 4.5-16 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent and 155-220 parts of water are metered and mixed to prepare premix S 3 Standby;
step 2: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 And adding the active mineral admixture with the metered proportion into a stirring building, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to prepare the mixed material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises 45-120 parts of mineral powder and 65-140 parts of fly ash;
and step 3: taking 30-50% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 5-15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 In the process, the concrete is uniformly mixed at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to obtain the finished concrete.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the other steps of the concrete are kept unchanged; and (3) reducing the using amounts of the mineral powder and the fly ash in the active mineral admixture in the step (2), and replacing 1/3-1/2 of the mineral powder and the fly ash with silica fume.
In another preferred embodiment of the application, red mud with the weight ratio of 10-30% of mineral powder and 45-120 parts of mineral powder are premixed to prepare premix S 6 Mixing the obtained premix S 6 And (3) mixing in the step (2), and uniformly mixing according to the uniformly mixing process in the step (2).
Based on the above examples, in the examples of the present application, 5% by weight of mineral powder in a metered proportion of alkali activator is mixed into 30-50% of the premix S prepared in step 1 3 The mixture S prepared in the step 2 is mixed by spraying 4 And (4) uniformly stirring and mixing for 30-60min to obtain the initial mixture in the step (4).
The preparation method of the alkali activator comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; mixing the mixture into water, and preparing the alkali activator with the alkali equivalent of 6 percent under the conditions of heating temperature of 50-65 ℃, stirring speed of 300-450rpm and stirring time of 30 min.
In the above examples, the gelling agent was meng electric cement, and the cement was P + O42.5.
The mineral powder adopts tailings or smelting slag subjected to mineral separation or smelting treatment, steel slag produced in the steelmaking process is adopted in the embodiment of the application, and the steel slag is in a fine particle shape after being extracted by water and cooled extremely, so that the steel slag has higher activity; the addition of mineral powder can improve the stability of the pore structure of the gelling agent, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in the reaction process and improve the strength of the concrete structure.
The fly ash is solid waste discharged by a thermal power plant, and the main component of the fly ash is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、FeO、Fe 2 O 3 、CaO、Ti 2 O 3 And the fine particle fly ash reacts with calcium hydroxide precipitated from cement to generate calcium silicate hydrate and calcium chlorate hydrate gel substances, so that the plasticity and strength of the concrete can be effectively improved.
Wherein the water-cement ratio of the mixed concrete is controlled to be 0.4-0.6, and the mixing slump is controlled to be 200 +/-20 mm; the fluidity of the concrete can be ensured by maintaining higher level of mixing slump, so that the concrete has better capability of filling the template, and concrete workpieces in different shapes can be conveniently prepared by the concrete.
Wherein the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a Kojie aliphatic water reducing agent; the high-efficiency water reducing agent is an additive which can greatly reduce the mixing water amount under the condition that the concrete slump flow is basically the same, and can reduce the water amount doped in the concrete.
Wherein the fine aggregate is medium sand with the grain diameter of 0.2-0.5mm, the coarse aggregate is broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-15mm, and the dosage of the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate is adjusted according to the concrete raw material components.
The SAP resin has strong water absorption performance and good water retention performance, and not only can improve the water retention of concrete, but also can improve the compressive strength and the flexural strength of a concrete workpiece.
The active mineral admixture also comprises silica fume, and the silica fume can be used for replacing mineral powder and fly ash in the active mineral admixture, so that the microstructure of cement concrete is improved, the stability of a pore channel is kept, and the compressive strength of the concrete is improved.
The active mineral admixture also comprises red mud and a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is an alkali activator. The red mud and the mineral powder form a gel polymer under the action of the alkali activator, the gel polymer has strong adsorbability based on the huge specific surface area of the red mud, and the prepared pervious concrete can be used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in urban sewage and reducing the water pollution caused by the infiltration of the heavy metal ions in polluted water into bottom water.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 1 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 1:
table 1 concrete compounding table in example 1
The preparation method of the concrete with the components in example 1 comprises the following steps of measuring the components in parts by weight according to the table 1, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a ratio to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept about 10min so as to ensure that the premix is uniformly mixed.
Step 2: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder and fly ash in proportion;
and 3, step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 2 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 2:
table 2 concrete compounding table in example 2
The preparation method of the concrete component in example 2 comprises the following steps of measuring the weight parts of the components according to the table 2, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a ratio to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the proportioning high-efficiency water reducing agent and water to prepareMixing material S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept about 10min so as to ensure that the premix is uniformly mixed.
And 2, step: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare a mixed material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder and fly ash in proportion;
and step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the remaining amount of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 3:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 3 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 3:
table 3 concrete compounding table in example 3
The preparation method of the concrete with the components in the example 3 comprises the following steps of measuring the components in parts by weight according to the table 3, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a ratio to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept at about 10minAnd on the right, the premix is ensured to be in a uniform mixing state.
And 2, step: mixing the premix S obtained in the step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare a mixed material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder and fly ash in proportion;
and step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the remaining amount of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 4:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water reducing agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 4 based on the concrete mixture of example 1, silica fume was added to replace part of the mineral powder and fly ash, and the amount of silica fume was 2/5 of the mineral powder and fly ash; and (3) blending the microstructure of the concrete and optimizing the strength of the pervious concrete structure. Example 4 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 4:
table 4 concrete compounding table in example 4
The preparation method of the concrete with the components in the embodiment 4 comprises the following steps of measuring the components in parts by weight according to the table 4, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a ratio to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept about 10min so as to ensure that the premixed materials are uniformly mixed.
Step 2: mixing the premix S obtained in the step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare a mixed material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder, fly ash and silicon powder in proportion;
and step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 5:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 5 based on the addition of silica fume to the concrete mix of example 2 to replace a portion of the mineral fines and fly ash, the amount of silica fume replaces 2/5 of the mineral fines and fly ash; and (3) blending the microstructure of the concrete, and optimizing the strength of the permeable concrete structure. Example 5 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 5:
table 5 concrete compounding schedule in example 5
The preparation method of the concrete with the components in example 5 comprises the following steps of measuring the components in parts by weight according to the table 5, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a ratio to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept about 10min so as to ensure that the premix is uniformly mixed.
Step 2: mixing the premix S obtained in the step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder, fly ash and silicon powder in proportion;
and 3, step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the mixture S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 6:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 6 based on the addition of silica fume to the concrete mix of example 3 to replace a portion of the mineral fines and fly ash, the amount of silica fume replaces 2/5 of the mineral fines and fly ash; and (3) blending the microstructure of the concrete, and optimizing the strength of the permeable concrete structure. Example 6 concrete components and parts by weight are shown in table 6:
table 6 concrete compounding schedule in example 6
The preparation method of the concrete composition in example 6, which comprises the following steps of measuring the weight parts of the components according to the table 5, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the gelling agent cement and the SAP resin in a proportioning amount to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; in the step 1, the premixing time of each procedure is kept about 10min so as to ensure that the premix is uniformly mixed.
And 2, step: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 Adding the active mineral admixture with the proportion into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises mineral powder, fly ash and silicon powder in proportion;
and 3, step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to obtain the finished pervious concrete.
Example 7:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 7 based on the concrete mix of example 1, 20% red mud by mass of mineral powder was added; the active mineral admixture is also doped with a catalyst which is an alkali activator, the dosage of the alkali activator is 5 percent of the mineral powder, and the adsorption performance of the concrete is improved based on the microstructure of the concrete. Example 7 concrete compositions and parts by weight are shown in table 7:
table 7 concrete compounding schedule in example 7
The preparation method of the concrete composition in example 7 comprises the following steps of measuring the weight parts of the components according to the table 7, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the cement and the SAP resin in a proportion to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; premixing red mud and mineral powder in proportion to prepare premix S 6 ；
And 2, step: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 Premix S 6 Adding the fly ash into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 100r/min for 15min to prepare a uniform material S 4 ；
And step 3: taking 30% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Mixing the alkali activator into the premix S 3 After being mixed evenly, the mixture S prepared in the step 2 is sprayed and mixed 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 30min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 100r/min for 15min to obtain the finished concrete.
In this example, the preparation method of the alkali activator is as follows: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; adding into water, heating at 60 deg.C, stirring at 400rpm for 30min to obtain alkali activator with alkali equivalent of 6%.
Example 8:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 8 based on the concrete mixture in example 2, 20% by weight of red mud of mineral powder is added; the active mineral admixture is also doped with a catalyst which is an alkali activator, the dosage of the alkali activator is 5 percent of the mineral powder, and the adsorption performance of the concrete is improved based on the microstructure of the concrete. Example 8 concrete compositions and parts by weight are shown in table 8:
table 8 concrete compounding schedule in example 8
The preparation method of the concrete with the components in the embodiment 8 comprises the following steps of measuring the components in parts by weight according to the table 8, as shown in figure 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the cement and the SAP resin according to the proportion to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the proportioning high-efficiency water reducing agent and water to prepare premix S 3 Standby; premixing red mud and mineral powder in proportion to prepare premix S 6 ；
And 2, step: mixing the premix S obtained in the step 1 1 Premix S 2 Premix S 6 Adding the fly ash into a stirring chamber, uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 120r/min for 30min to prepare a uniform material S 4 ；
And step 3: taking 50% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Mixing the alkali activator into the premix S 3 After being mixed evenly, the mixture S prepared in the step 2 is sprayed and mixed 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 60min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 120r/min for 60min to obtain the finished concrete.
In this example, the preparation method of the alkali activator is as follows: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; adding into water, heating at 60 deg.C, stirring at 400rpm for 30min to obtain alkali activator with alkali equivalent of 6%.
Example 9:
the embodiment discloses the weight ratio of each component of the concrete, and the active mineral admixture, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent are added into the concrete, so that the structural strength of the concrete is improved, the consumption of the gelling agent is replaced, and the cost of the concrete is reduced. Example 9 based on the concrete batching in example 3, 20% of red mud in mass portion of mineral powder is added; the active mineral admixture is also doped with a catalyst which is an alkali activator, the dosage of the alkali activator is 5 percent of the mineral powder, and the adsorption performance of the concrete is improved based on the microstructure of the concrete. Example 9 concrete compositions and parts by weight are shown in table 9:
table 9 concrete compounding schedule in example 9
The preparation method of the concrete composition in example 9, which comprises the following steps of measuring the weight parts of the components according to the table 9, as shown in fig. 1:
step 1: premixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in proportion to prepare premix S 1 Standby; premixing the cement and the SAP resin according to the proportion to prepare premix S 2 Standby; premixing the high-efficiency water reducing agent and water in a proportion to prepare premix S 3 Standby; premixing red mud and mineral powder in proportion to prepare premix S 6 ；
Step 2: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 Premix S 6 And adding the fly ash into a stirring building, uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 ；
And 3, step 3: taking 40% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Mixing the base with the specified amountThe excitant being incorporated in a premix S 3 After being mixed evenly, the mixture S prepared in the step 2 is sprayed and mixed 4 Stirring and uniformly mixing for 45min to prepare a uniform material S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the remaining amount of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 And uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 110r/min for 25min to obtain the finished concrete.
In this example, the preparation method of the alkali activator is as follows: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; adding into water, heating at 60 deg.C, stirring at 400rpm for 30min to obtain alkali activator with alkali equivalent of 6%.
The flexural strength, the compressive strength (28d), the water permeability coefficient and the porosity of the pervious concrete in examples 1-9 are tested according to CJJ/T135-2009 technical Specification for pervious cement concrete pavements; specific results are shown in FIGS. 2-4.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the novel concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: weighing 1015 parts of coarse aggregate and 1000 parts of fine aggregate according to the parts by weight, and premixing to prepare premix S 1 Standby; metering and proportioning 140-410 parts of cement and 8-12 parts of SAP resin, and premixing to prepare premix S 2 Standby; 4.5-16 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent and 155-220 parts of water are metered and mixed to prepare premix S 3 Standby;
and 2, step: mixing premix S obtained in step 1 1 Premix S 2 And adding the active mineral admixture with the measured proportioning amount into a stirring building, uniformly mixing at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to prepare the uniform material S 4 (ii) a Wherein the active mineral admixture comprises 45-120 parts of mineral powder and 65-140 parts of fly ash;
and step 3: taking 30-50% of premix S prepared in step 1 3 Spraying and mixing the mixture S prepared in the step 2 4 Stirring and mixing evenly for 5-15min to prepare a mixture S 5 ；
And 4, step 4: the rest of the premix S prepared in the step 1 3 Spraying and doping the uniform material S prepared in the step 3 5 In the process, the concrete is uniformly mixed at the stirring speed of 100-120r/min for 15-30min to obtain the finished concrete.
2. The method for preparing a novel concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: keeping other steps of the concrete unchanged; and (3) reducing the using amount of the mineral powder and the fly ash in the active mineral admixture in the step (2), and replacing 1/3-1/2 of the mineral powder and the fly ash with silica fume.
3. The method for preparing a novel concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: premixing red mud with the weight proportion of 10% -30% of mineral powder and 45-120 parts of mineral powder to prepare premix S 6 Mixing the obtained premix S 6 And (3) mixing in the step 2, and uniformly mixing according to the uniformly mixing process in the step 2.
4. A method of preparing a novel concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: mixing 5% of mineral powder mass part of alkali activator in the measured proportion amount with 30-50% of premix S prepared in the step 1 3 The mixture S prepared in the step 2 is mixed by spraying 4 And (4) uniformly stirring and mixing for 30-60min to obtain the initial mixture in the step (4).
5. The method for preparing a novel concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that: the preparation method of the alkali activator comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate to sodium silicate is 3:2: 4.5; mixing the mixture into water, and preparing the alkali activator with the alkali equivalent of 6 percent under the conditions of heating temperature of 50-65 ℃, stirring speed of 300-450rpm and stirring time of 30 min.
6. A method of producing a novel concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a Kojie aliphatic water reducing agent.
7. A method of producing a novel concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the fine aggregate is medium sand, the grain diameter of the medium sand is 0.2-0.5mm, and the grading proportion is adjusted according to the components of the concrete raw material.
8. A method of producing a novel concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the coarse aggregate is broken stone, the particle size of the broken stone is 5-15mm, and the gradation proportion is adjusted according to the concrete raw material components.
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