CN114919206A - Resin-based composite material curing method using flexible electric heating film - Google Patents
Resin-based composite material curing method using flexible electric heating film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114919206A CN114919206A CN202210498515.3A CN202210498515A CN114919206A CN 114919206 A CN114919206 A CN 114919206A CN 202210498515 A CN202210498515 A CN 202210498515A CN 114919206 A CN114919206 A CN 114919206A
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- heating film
- composite material
- paving
- electric heating
- curing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
A method for curing a resin-based composite material by using a flexible electric heating film is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a flexible electric heating film and curing and forming; the flexible electric heating film is prepared by the following steps: dividing and unfolding a three-dimensional design drawing of the composite material component according to the curvature, dividing a paving plane into a plane part and a curved part, unfolding the curved part into a plane, designing and manufacturing a corresponding electric heating film according to the plane shape and the required heating power, assembling an inner heating film (2), and designing and manufacturing an outer heating film (9) according to the bottom shape of the composite material mold in the same way; the curing and forming process comprises six steps. The invention does not need to use a high-power heater in the traditional autoclave to integrally heat the tank body, and can avoid high energy consumption caused by the traditional autoclave curing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resin-based composite material molding, and particularly relates to a thermosetting method of a resin-based composite material, in particular to a curing method of a resin-based composite material by using a flexible electric heating film.
Background
The manufacturing of the thermosetting composite material construction comprises the steps of laying, curing, processing, assembling and the like, wherein the curing refers to the process that the shaped prefabricated member is subjected to melt infiltration, cooling crystallization in a heating and pressurizing environment to form a workpiece with expected geometric shape and mechanical properties. The existing curing technology can be divided into internal heat source curing and external heat source curing according to heat sources, wherein the external heat source curing technology is represented by autoclave curing technology, and the internal heat source curing technology is represented by microwave curing technology. At present, the autoclave curing technology has wide application range and the most wide application because of stable product performance, but the period is longer and the energy consumption is extremely high because the gas in the autoclave needs to be completely heated, and the windward side and the leeward side have the difference of the heating rate. While the internal heat source curing technology can greatly reduce the curing energy consumption of the composite material, the technology maturity is not high, and the practical application is limited.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a curing method of composite external heat source based on flexible electric heating film paving, which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve one or more of the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high energy consumption and unstable performance of the existing thermosetting composite material curing, and provides a method for heating and curing a composite material prefabricated part by using a flexible electric heating film.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for curing a resin-based composite material by using a flexible electric heating film is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of manufacturing a flexible electric heating film and curing and forming a composite material:
the flexible electric heating film is prepared by the following steps: dividing and unfolding a three-dimensional design drawing of the composite material component according to the curvature, dividing a paving plane into a plane part and a curved part, unfolding the curved part into a plane, designing and manufacturing a corresponding electric heating film according to the plane shape and the required heating power, assembling an inner heating film 2, and designing and manufacturing an outer heating film 9 according to the bottom shape of the composite material mold in the same way;
the composite material curing comprises the following steps:
firstly, cleaning the outer surface of a mould 11, and then paving a lower flexible electric heating film 9 on the outer surface of the mould 11;
secondly, cleaning the upper surface of a mold 11, paving adhesive blocking strips 8 around the mold 11 according to paving lines, spraying a release agent on the upper surface, paving a lower release cloth 7, paving prepreg on the lower release cloth 7 according to a paving mode specified by a composite material construction process to form a prefabricated part 6, paving a release cloth 5 above the prefabricated part 6, and paving a breathable material 3 on the prefabricated part;
thirdly, the upper flexible electric heating film 2 is paved and pasted on the air permeable material 3 in a slicing mode according to the design size, 1-2 vacuum nozzles 12 are placed at four corners of the air permeable material 3, finally the periphery of the vacuum bag 1 is tightly attached to the sealing adhesive tape 10, the sealing adhesive tape is tightly attached to the paving and pasting line of the mold 11, the vacuum nozzles 12 penetrate through the vacuum bag 1, a plurality of temperature sensors 13 are distributed on the lower side of the lower demolding cloth 7 and the upper side of the upper demolding cloth 5, and leads of the inner heating film 2, the outer heating film 9 and the temperature sensors 13 penetrate through the lower side of the sealing adhesive tape 7 to be led out of the vacuum bag assembly process body, wherein the sealing performance between the vacuum bag and the paving mold needs to be guaranteed. Forming a process body required by curing the composite material;
fourthly, the die 11 and the composite material process body are integrally placed in an autoclave, a vacuum pipeline is connected to a vacuum nozzle 12, and the temperature sensor 13, the heating films 2 and 9 are connected with a control system 14.
Fifthly, starting a control system of the autoclave; vacuumizing the prefabricated part technological body, pressurizing the tank body and controlling the heating of the electric heating film according to technological requirements. In the heating stage, the curing control of the composite material is carried out according to the set heating, pressurizing and vacuumizing curves of the composite material; and in the cooling stage, the power supply of the heating film is turned off, the circulating fan 18 and the cooling system 17 at the tail part of the tank body are turned on, and the temperature is reduced according to a preset cooling rate by using an airflow circulation method.
And sixthly, releasing the pressure gas in the tank, opening the tank door and taking out the solidified piece after the temperature is reduced to the preset temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention does not need to use a high-power heater in the traditional autoclave to integrally heat the tank body, thereby avoiding high energy consumption caused by the traditional autoclave curing process; in addition, the heating film has low heat capacity, so that the heating and cooling efficiency is greatly improved, the rapid production of the composite material is facilitated, and the production cost is reduced; the heating film has good flexibility, can be tightly attached to the surface of a corresponding material, and does not change the paving method of the composite material prepreg.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a design method of a flexible electrothermal film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layering method of a flexible electrothermal film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a composite curing process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the flexible electrothermal film of the present invention.
Wherein: vacuum bag 1, heating film 2, air permeable material 3, glue absorbing material 4, upper demoulding cloth 5, prefabricated part 6, lower demoulding cloth 7, glue blocking strip 8, outer heating film 9, sealing adhesive tape 10, mould 11, vacuum nozzle 12, temperature sensor 13, control system 14, pressure system 15, vacuum system 16, cooling system 17 and blower 18.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a curing method of a resin-based composite material by using a flexible electric heating film, for example, aiming at a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, a flexible polyimide electric heating film can be selected, the original hot-air flow thermal curing method of an autoclave is improved, the electric heating film directly heats a composite material preform, and the precise temperature control of the surface of the preform during the curing of the composite material is realized while the heating energy consumption during the curing of the composite material is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1-3.
A resin-based composite material curing method using a flexible electric heating film comprises the following steps:
the flexible electric heating film is prepared by the following steps: dividing and unfolding a three-dimensional design drawing of the composite material component according to the curvature, dividing a paving plane into a plane part and a curved part, unfolding the curved part into a plane, designing and manufacturing a corresponding electric heating film according to the plane shape and the required heating power, assembling an inner heating film 2, and designing and manufacturing an outer heating film 9 according to the bottom shape of the composite material mold in the same way; the method can ensure that the shape of the heating film is adapted to the shape of the mold and the composite material prefabricated part, and further realize the close paving and pasting of the heating film, as shown in figure 1. The inner heating film 2 and the outer heating film 9 can be made of flexible polyimide electric heating films as shown in figure 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the flexible polyimide electrothermal film laying method includes an inner heating film 2 and an outer heating film 9, the inner heating film 2 is located between a vacuum bag 1 and a breathable material 3, a power supply lead is led out through a sealing tape 10 adhered to the side edge of the vacuum bag 1 and used for connecting a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a power supply, and the outer heating film 9 is located on the outer surface of a mold. The heating film can be designed into any shape, the composite material with a special shape is constructed as shown in figure 1, the graph is divided into three parts of a left side wall, a right side wall and an arc section through the curvature radius, and then the electric heating film is pertinently designed into three shapes to be paved and adhered, so that the paving and adhering are guaranteed to be tight. One end of the vacuum pipeline is connected with a vacuum nozzle 12, residual gas in the vacuum bag 1 is sucked, the composite material prefabricated body 6, the demolding cloth 7, the heating film 2 and the like are tightly attached together, and heat conduction during heating is guaranteed.
The novel composite material heating and curing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing and unfolding the workpiece according to the curvature of the three-dimensional design drawing of the component, dividing the paving plane into a plane part and a curved part, unfolding the curved part into a plane, designing a foil electric heating circuit according to the plane shape and the required heating power, and manufacturing the internal heating film 2 according to the design requirement. As shown in fig. 1, the graph is divided into three parts of a left side wall, a right side wall and an arc section by the curvature radius, and the electric heating film is designed after the arc section is unfolded. And designing and manufacturing the external heating film 9 according to the shape of the bottom of the composite material die in the same way.
Step two: the external heating film 9 is paved on the outer surface of the die 11, as shown in fig. 2, the electric heating film is required to cover the composite material curing area flatly to avoid folding;
step three: cleaning the upper surface of the composite material mold 11; paving and pasting a glue blocking strip 8 according to the scribing position on the surface of the mold, then paving and pasting a lower demolding cloth 7, paving and pasting a prepreg tape according to the paving and pasting requirements of the composite material to form a composite material prefabricated body 6, then paving and pasting a demolding cloth 5, a glue absorbing material 4 and a breathable material 3, then paving and pasting an inner heating film 2 on the breathable material 3, wherein the paving and pasting requirements are the same as those of an outer heating film 9, finally pasting a sealing tape 10 on the edge of a vacuum bag 1 and then pasting the edge of the vacuum bag on a mark line of a mold 11, paying attention to the fact that the position of a sealant passing through a lead and a vacuum pipeline is sealed well, ensuring good sealing and no air leakage. The temperature sensors 13 are uniformly distributed between the glue absorbing material 4 and the air permeable material 3 and between the lower demolding cloth 7 and the prefabricated body 6. As shown in fig. 2.
Step four: the vacuum bag 1 is evacuated by a vacuum line through a vacuum nozzle 12, so that the layers of material in the vacuum bag 1 are tightly compacted.
Step five: the mould and the process body are integrally placed in an autoclave, leads of the inner heating film 2, the outer heating film 9 and the temperature sensor 13 are connected with an autoclave control system 14, and the vacuum nozzle 12 is connected with an autoclave vacuum system 16 through a vacuum tube.
Step six: closing the tank door, starting the autoclave control system 14, and performing composite material curing control in the heating stage according to the heating, pressurizing and vacuumizing curves set by the composite material; and in the cooling stage, the power supply of the heating film is turned off, the circulating fan 18 at the tail part of the tank body and the cooling system 17 (shown in figure 3) are turned on, and the circulation process of the air flow is utilized to cool according to a preset cooling rate. In the whole temperature rising process, only the inner heating film 2 and the outer heating film 9 need to work without heating the whole autoclave, so that the energy-saving effect is obvious, and the energy can be saved by more than 80%.
Step seven: and releasing the pressure gas in the tank after the temperature is reduced to the preset temperature, opening the tank door and taking out the solidified part.
The invention provides a composite material curing method based on a flexible electrothermal film, which is based on the flexible electrothermal film and improves the traditional autoclave composite material curing technology, so that a heating device directly heats the surface of a composite material preform, and the energy consumption required by the traditional autoclave curing process can be reduced.
The flexible electrothermal film is used as a functional layer, so that the thickness is thin, and other interference problems are avoided. The flexible composite prepreg has good flexibility and shape size designability, can deform and attach along with the mold surface and the composite material surface, can be used for curing composite material workpieces with different configurations, has wide application range, and does not influence the laying of the original composite prepreg. The electrothermal film has small heat capacity, high heating efficiency and controllable temperature, and is suitable for curing resin matrix composite materials of various material systems.
The present invention is not concerned with parts that are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.
Claims (2)
1. A method for curing a resin-based composite material by using a flexible electric heating film is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a flexible electric heating film and curing and forming;
the flexible electric heating film is prepared by the following steps: dividing and unfolding a three-dimensional design drawing of the composite material component according to the curvature, dividing a paving plane into a plane part and a curved part, unfolding the curved part into a plane, designing and manufacturing a corresponding electric heating film according to the plane shape and the required heating power, assembling an inner heating film (2), and designing and manufacturing an outer heating film (9) according to the bottom shape of the composite material mold in the same way;
the curing and forming method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: paving an external heating film (9) on the outer surface of the die (11);
the second step is that: cleaning the upper surface of a mold (11), paving adhesive blocking strips (8) around the mold (11) according to paving lines, spraying a release agent on the upper surface of the mold, paving a lower release cloth (7), paving a prepreg on the lower release cloth (7) according to a specified paving mode of a composite material to form a prefabricated member (6), paving a release cloth (5) above the prefabricated member (6), and paving a breathable material (3) on the upper release cloth (5);
the third step: paving an internal heating film (2): paving the inner heating film (2) on the air permeable material (3) according to the designed size, placing 1-2 vacuum nozzles (12) at four corners of the air permeable material (3), finally, tightly adhering the periphery of the vacuum bag (1) to the sealing adhesive tape (10), tightly adhering the sealing adhesive tape to the mold (11), and enabling the vacuum nozzles (12) to penetrate through the vacuum bag (1); a plurality of temperature sensors (13) are distributed on the lower side of the lower demolding cloth (7) and the upper side of the upper demolding cloth (5), and leads of the inner heating film (2), the outer heating film (9) and the temperature sensors (13) penetrate through the lower side of the sealing adhesive tape (7) and are led out of the vacuum bag assembly process body, wherein the sealing property between the vacuum bag and the laying mold needs to be ensured; forming a composite material prefabricated part process body;
fourthly, integrally placing the die (11) into a hot-press forming tank, connecting a vacuum pipeline to a vacuum nozzle (12), and connecting a temperature sensor (13), the inner heating film (2) and the outer heating film (9) with a control system (14);
fifthly, starting a control system (14) of the autoclave; vacuumizing the prefabricated part process body, and pressurizing the tank body and controlling the heating of the electric heating film according to the process requirement;
in the temperature rise stage, the curing control of the composite material is carried out according to the temperature rise, pressurization and vacuum-pumping curves set by the composite material; in the cooling stage, a heating film power supply is closed, a circulating fan (18) at the tail of the tank body and a cooling water circulating system are started, and the temperature is reduced according to a preset cooling rate by using an airflow circulation method;
and sixthly, releasing the pressure gas in the tank, opening the tank door and taking out the solidified piece after the temperature is reduced to the preset temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the flexible electric heating film is formed by combining a metal heating circuit foil with two resin films, wherein the resin films are attached to two surfaces of the metal heating circuit foil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210498515.3A CN114919206A (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Resin-based composite material curing method using flexible electric heating film |
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| CN202210498515.3A CN114919206A (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Resin-based composite material curing method using flexible electric heating film |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115633417A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-01-20 | 江苏澳盛复合材料科技有限公司 | Preparation device and preparation method of flexible heating film |
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| CN107283874A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of vacuum flexible bag moulding component and vacuum bag transfer moulding method, fibrous composite |
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| CN115633417A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-01-20 | 江苏澳盛复合材料科技有限公司 | Preparation device and preparation method of flexible heating film |
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