CN114918551B - Laser engraving device based on numerical control processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser engraving device based on numerical control machining, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein a machining pipe is installed at the top of the bottom plate, an arc-shaped plate is installed on the inner wall of the machining pipe in a sliding mode, the arc-shaped plate slides around the axis of the machining pipe, through holes are formed in two ends of the arc-shaped plate, rotatable rotating shafts are installed in the two through holes and can slide oppositely or oppositely, and the axes of the two rotating shafts penetrate through the circle center of the arc-shaped plate. The invention achieves the aim of engraving spherical workpieces through the matching of the structures, and can polish the surfaces of the spherical workpieces, then engrave the surfaces of the spherical workpieces by laser, if the depth of laser engraving is deeper, the surface of the spherical workpiece can be coated with slag and other impurities due to longer laser retention time, and after engraving, the residues on the surfaces of the spherical workpieces can be removed again through the polishing strips.

Description

Laser engraving device based on numerical control processing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a laser engraving device based on numerical control machining.

Background

The laser carving technology is based on numerical control technology, uses laser as processing medium, and utilizes laser irradiation to melt and gasify the surface of the processing material instantly, thereby achieving the purpose of laser carving.

Like chinese patent publication No. CN108637688B, discloses a multi-functional laser engraving device, including the processing main part of fixed mounting in the regulation arm hand downside, be equipped with the biography in the wall body and connect the chamber in the processing main part, the biography connects the chamber top be equipped with the regulation chamber in the processing main part, sliding fit installs the alignment jig in the regulation chamber, the biography connects chamber right side inner wall intercommunication to be equipped with the sliding chamber. Sliding fit installs the sliding seat in the sliding cavity, the sliding cavity with first motor has set firmly between the regulation chamber, first motor top power fit is connected with the threaded rod, go up the threaded rod with adjust the frame screw-thread fit connect and the top terminal with adjust intracavity roof normal running fit and connect, first motor bottom power fit is connected with down the threaded rod, down the threaded rod with sliding seat screw-thread fit connects and the bottom terminal with sliding cavity diapire normal running fit connects.

Although the device can polish the surface of the workpiece before laser engraving so as to facilitate the subsequent laser processing of the workpiece, the device has the following problems: only the plate-shaped material can be polished and engraved by laser, and the surface of the spherical object cannot be polished and engraved by laser.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser engraving device based on numerical control machining, which can be used for engraving spherical workpieces through the matching of structures, polishing the surfaces of the spherical workpieces, and then engraving the surfaces of the spherical workpieces by laser after polishing, so that the integral arrangement is realized, and the problems in the background art are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a laser engraving device based on numerical control machining comprises a bottom plate, wherein a machining pipe is installed at the top of the bottom plate, an arc-shaped plate is installed on the inner wall of the machining pipe in a sliding mode, the arc-shaped plate slides around the axis of the machining pipe, through holes are formed in two ends of the arc-shaped plate, rotatable rotating shafts are installed in the two through holes and can slide oppositely or oppositely, the axes of the two rotating shafts penetrate through the circle center of the arc-shaped plate, and a polishing strip capable of being attached to the surface of a spherical workpiece is fixed on the outer wall of the inner arc of the arc-shaped plate;

the laser engraving device also comprises an engraving component used for engraving the surface of the spherical workpiece by laser.

Preferably, the top of arc is fixed with the diaphragm through the bracing piece, the spout has all been seted up at the top of diaphragm both sides, two equal slidable mounting has the slider in the spout, and two the slider can be relative or carry on the back mutually slip, two the bottom of slider all is fixed with the riser, two the opposite face outer wall at two risers is all worn out and is installed to the processing pipe and rotate respectively to the one end that the axis of rotation was carried on the back mutually.

Preferably, the engraving assembly comprises a first arc groove formed in the outer wall of the machining pipe, the first arc groove and the arc plate are arranged oppositely, a sliding pipe capable of sliding along the inner wall of the first arc groove in a reciprocating mode is installed on the inner wall of the first arc groove, an adjusting rod is installed on the inner wall of the sliding pipe in a sliding mode and moves in the radial direction of the machining pipe, and a first laser head is installed on the outer wall, facing the inside of the machining pipe, of the adjusting rod;

the carving component further comprises a switching component for switching the rotating shaft into one-way intermittent rotation, after switching, when the sliding pipe moves towards the way, the first laser head carves the surface of the spherical workpiece, when the sliding pipe moves back, the rotating shaft drives the spherical workpiece to rotate for a certain angle, and the first laser head stops carving.

Preferably, the outer wall of the pipe of processing is fixed with the disc, the top of disc is rotated and is installed the ring gear, ring gear and processing pipe set up with one heart, one of them the outer wall of axis of rotation has the gear through parallel key slidable mounting, the gear meshes with the ring gear mutually, the bottom of adjusting the pole is fixed with the montant, the bottom of montant is fixed with the inserted bar, the outer wall of ring gear is seted up and is supplied inserted bar male hole, the inserted bar is downthehole, two the axis of rotation all runs through the outer wall of processing pipe to can slide and rotate in two through holes respectively.

Preferably, the switching assembly comprises an inner ring rotatably mounted at the top of the disc, the inner ring and the toothed ring are concentrically arranged, the inner ring is located inside the toothed ring, a plurality of bevel blocks are fixed at the top of the inner ring, a ratchet wheel is fixed on the outer wall of the gear through a connecting pipe and is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft through a flat key, a plurality of shifting teeth arranged annularly are mounted on the annular outer wall of the ratchet wheel, the connecting pipe is driven to rotate unidirectionally when the bevel blocks are in contact with the shifting teeth, the toothed ring is meshed with the gear or the ratchet wheel is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring when the connecting pipe moves, a limiting block is fixed on the outer wall of the processing pipe close to the ratchet wheel, when the ratchet wheel is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring, the limiting block extends into the space between two adjacent shifting teeth to limit the ratchet wheel to rotate unidirectionally, a hole for inserting the inserted rod is formed in the side wall of the inner ring, and when the adjusting rod moves, the inserted rod is inserted into the hole in the inner ring or the toothed ring.

Preferably, the engraving assembly comprises two second arc grooves formed in the outer wall of the processing pipe, the two rotating shafts respectively penetrate out of the two second arc grooves, a second laser head is mounted on the inner wall of the processing pipe, the second laser head is opposite to the arc-shaped plate, and the laser irradiation direction faces to the center of the sphere of the spherical workpiece;

the carving assembly further comprises a conversion assembly for switching the rotating shaft into intermittent rotation, and after the conversion assembly is switched, the rotating shaft rotates for a certain angle around the axis of the processing pipe after being converted into a circle from continuous rotation.

Preferably, a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is mounted on the outer wall of one of the vertical plates.

Preferably, the conversion subassembly is including fixing the mounting panel in one of them riser bottom, the top of mounting panel is rotated and is installed the pivot, the outer wall of pivot is fixed with the rolling disc, the edge of rolling disc and the distance between the pivot axis increase along the direction of rotation gradually, but install two intermeshing's bevel gear between axis of rotation and the pivot, and be located axis of rotation's bevel gear passes through flat key slidable mounting at the outer wall of axis of rotation, the riser is close to the outer wall of mounting panel and has seted up the through-hole, and slidable mounting has the slide in the through-hole, the outer wall of slide is fixed with the baffle, and installs the spring between baffle and the riser, the top of slide is fixed with the transfer line, the transfer line offsets with the arc outer wall of rolling disc, the slide is close to the outer wall rotation of processing pipe and installs the driving lever, the pipe outer wall of processing pipe has seted up a plurality of being annular distribution dials the groove, works as the slide can make the driving lever insert and dial the inslot and promote the axis of rotation to being close to the processing pipe when removing.

Preferably, a dust collector is mounted at the inner bottom of the processing pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention achieves the aim of engraving spherical workpieces through the matching of the structures, and can polish the surface of the spherical workpieces firstly and then engrave the surface of the spherical workpieces by laser, if the depth of laser engraving is deeper, the surface of the spherical workpieces can have impurities such as slag and the like due to longer laser retention time, and after engraving, the residues on the surface of the spherical workpieces can be removed again through the polishing strips.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first perspective view according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view structure diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 7 at C;

FIG. 9 is a right side view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 9 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. processing a pipe; 3. an arc-shaped plate; 4. polishing the strips; 5. a transverse plate; 6. a chute; 7. a slider; 8. a vertical plate; 9. a rotating shaft; 10. an inner ring; 11. a bevel block; 12. a toothed ring; 13. a gear; 14. a ratchet wheel; 15. shifting teeth; 16. a connecting pipe; 17. adjusting a rod; 18. a limiting block; 19. a first arc groove; 20. a sliding tube; 21. adjusting a rod; 22. a vertical rod; 23. inserting a rod; 24. a disc; 25. a first laser head; 26. a second arc groove; 27. groove shifting; 28. mounting a plate; 29. a rotating shaft; 30. a slide plate; 31. a spring; 32. rotating the disc; 33. a deflector rod; 34. a transmission rod; 35. a bevel gear; 36. and a second laser head.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a technical solution: a laser engraving device based on numerical control processing comprises a bottom plate 1, wherein a processing pipe 2 is installed at the top of the bottom plate 1, an arc plate 3 is installed on the inner wall of the processing pipe 2 in a sliding mode, the arc plate 3 slides around the axis of the processing pipe 2, through holes are formed in two ends of the arc plate 3, rotatable rotating shafts 9 are installed in the two through holes, the two rotating shafts 9 can slide oppositely or oppositely, the axes of the two rotating shafts 9 penetrate through the circle center of the arc plate 3, and polishing strips 4 which can be attached to the surface of a spherical workpiece are fixed on the outer wall of the inner arc of the arc plate 3;

the laser engraving device also comprises an engraving component used for engraving the surface of the spherical workpiece by laser.

When processing spherical work piece, put it in processing pipe 2, then drive two axis of rotation 9 relative movement through external mechanism, carry out the centre gripping to spherical work piece fixedly, at two axis of rotation 9 relative one end installation antiskid sucking discs, improve the area of contact with spherical work piece, prevent that the sphere from skidding, set up to the conical surface form simultaneously, can guarantee that the centre of sphere of spherical work piece is on the axis of two axis of rotation 9.

After fixing, rethread exterior structure drives axis of rotation 9 and rotates, polish through 4 pairs of spherical work pieces 'surfaces of polishing strip and polish, and then make things convenient for subsequent sculpture, after polishing, rethread sculpture subassembly is to workpiece surface laser sculpture, if laser engraving's degree of depth is darker, because the time that the laser stayed can be longer to probably the surface that leads to spherical work piece appears hanging impurity such as sediment, after having carved, can also clear away its surperficial residue once more through polishing strip 4.

Further, the top of arc 3 is fixed with diaphragm 5 through the bracing piece, and spout 6 has all been seted up at the top of diaphragm 5 both sides, and equal slidable mounting has slider 7 in two spout 6, and two sliders 7 can be relative or mutually carry on one's back the body slip, and the bottom of two sliders 7 all is fixed with riser 8, and the opposite face outer wall at two riser 8 is all worn out and processing pipe 2 and rotate respectively to the one end that two axis of rotation 9 carried on the back mutually.

Referring to fig. 2, drive two sliders 7 through external mechanism and slide or carry on the back mutually in spout 6 relatively, drive two axis of rotation 9 through two risers 8 and remove to convenient centre gripping to globular work piece is fixed, can move through cylinder or electric telescopic handle drive slider 7.

The first embodiment is as follows: providing an embodiment of an engraving assembly;

further, carving the subassembly including seting up at the first arc groove 19 of processing pipe 2 outer wall, and first arc groove 19 sets up with arc 3 relatively, and the inner wall of first arc groove 19 is installed and is followed the reciprocal gliding slide tube 20 of first arc groove 19 inner wall, and the inner wall slidable mounting of slide tube 20 has an adjusting lever 21, and adjusts lever 21 and remove along the direction of radius of processing pipe 2, adjusts lever 21 and installs first laser head 25 towards the inside outer wall of processing pipe 2.

The sculpture subassembly still includes switches the axis of rotation 9 into one-way intermittent type pivoted switching module, switches the back, when sliding tube 20 moves towards the journey, first laser head 25 carves the globular workpiece surface, when sliding tube 20 moves back the journey, axis of rotation 9 drives globular workpiece and rotates certain angle, and first laser head 25 stops the sculpture.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the external mechanism drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, so as to polish and polish the surface of the spherical workpiece, after polishing, the switching component switches the rotating state of the rotating shaft 9 to rotate in a unidirectional intermittent manner, and then the external mechanism drives the sliding tube 20 to slide back and forth along the first arc groove 19, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a state that the sliding tube 20 moves to the middle position of the first arc groove 19, and when the sliding tube 20 slides, the sliding tube 20 moves in an arc reciprocating manner with the axis of the processing tube 2 as a circular point.

During laser engraving, slide tube 20 begins to move to the journey from the one end in first arc groove 19 and slides, and at this in-process, first laser head 25 carves globular workpiece surface, move the end of first arc groove 19 until slide tube 20, carve a pitch arc on globular workpiece surface this moment, then when slide tube 20 moves back, first laser head 25 stops the sculpture this moment, and axis of rotation 9 rotates certain angle around the axis simultaneously, then slide tube 20 moves to the journey again, with this circulation, thereby reach and carry out laser engraving's effect to globular workpiece surface.

And the area of the first laser head 25 that can be engraved by laser can be controlled according to the size of the angle of the first arc groove 19.

Further, the outer wall of the pipe of processing pipe 2 is fixed with disc 24, the top of disc 24 is rotated and is installed ring gear 12, ring gear 12 and processing pipe 2 set up with one heart, there is gear 13 outer wall of one of them axis of rotation 9 through parallel key slidable mounting, gear 13 meshes with ring gear 12 mutually, the bottom of adjusting pole 21 is fixed with montant 22, the bottom of montant 22 is fixed with inserted bar 23, the outer wall of ring gear 12 is seted up and is supplied inserted bar 23 male hole, inserted bar 23 insert hole, two axis of rotation 9 all run through the outer wall of processing pipe 2, and can slide and rotate in two through holes respectively.

2-6, through moving the adjusting rod 21, the inserted rod 23 is inserted into the hole on the gear ring 12, so that the sliding tube 20 can drive the gear ring 12 to rotate back and forth through the inserted rod 23 during the reciprocating movement, and the sliding tube is driven to rotate together through the meshing action with the gear 13, thereby driving the rotating shaft 9 to rotate forward and backward, further enabling the spherical workpiece to rotate forward and backward, thus being more convenient for the polishing strip 4 to polish and polish the surface of the spherical workpiece, because the polishing strip 4 is installed on the arc-shaped plate 3, the reciprocating rotation of the spherical workpiece can make the stress on both sides of the polishing strip 4 more uniform, reduce the deformation of the polishing strip, and further improve the polishing and polishing effect on the workpiece.

Further, the switching assembly comprises an inner ring 10 rotatably mounted on the top of the disc 24, the inner ring 10 and the toothed ring 12 are concentrically arranged, the inner ring 10 is located in the ring of the toothed ring 12, a plurality of bevel blocks 11 are fixed on the top of the inner ring 10, a ratchet 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the gear 13 through a connecting pipe 16, the ratchet 14 is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 9 through a flat key, a plurality of shifting teeth 15 arranged in a ring shape are mounted on the outer ring wall of the ratchet 14, the connecting pipe 16 is driven to rotate in a single direction when the bevel blocks 11 contact the shifting teeth 15, the toothed ring 12 is meshed with the gear 13 or the ratchet 14 is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring 10 when the connecting pipe 16 moves, a limiting block 18 is fixed on the outer wall of the processing pipe 2 close to the ratchet 14, when the ratchet 14 is overlapped with the track of the inner ring 10, the limiting block 18 extends into the space between two adjacent shifting teeth 15 to limit the ratchet 14 to rotate in a single direction, a hole for inserting the inserting rod 23 is formed in the side wall of the inner ring 10, and when the adjusting rod 21 moves, the inserting rod 23 is inserted into the hole in the inner ring 10 or the toothed ring 12.

After polishing is finished, the connecting pipe 16 is moved to enable the gear 13 to be separated from the gear ring 12, the ratchet wheel 14 is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring 10, the limiting block 18 can stretch into the space between two adjacent shifting teeth 15, meanwhile, the adjusting rod 21 is moved to enable the inserting rod 23 below the adjusting rod to be separated from the gear ring 12 and to be inserted into the hole in the inner ring 10, as shown in fig. 1-6, after switching is finished, when the sliding pipe 20 reciprocates again, the inner ring 10 is driven to rotate in a reciprocating mode.

When the sliding tube 20 moves forwards, the first laser head 25 carries out laser engraving, the inner ring 10 rotates to drive the inclined plane block 11 to rotate, and when the inclined plane block 11 contacts the shifting teeth 15, the limiting block 18 limits the ratchet wheel 14, and pushes the shifting teeth 15 to retract into the ratchet wheel 14 through the inclined plane.

When the sliding tube 20 moves back, the inner ring 10 also rotates reversely, at this time, the inclined plane block 11 contacts the shifting teeth 15 and shifts the shifting teeth to rotate, and simultaneously, the shifting teeth 15 rotate and contact the lower surface of the limiting block 18, so that the shifting teeth 15 are retracted towards the ratchet wheel 14, and the rotating shaft 9 can drive the spherical workpiece to rotate intermittently through a ratchet wheel ratchet mechanism formed among the ratchet wheel 14, the inclined plane block 11 and the limiting block 18, thereby achieving the purpose of laser engraving the surface of the spherical workpiece.

The second embodiment: embodiments of a second engraving assembly are provided.

In this embodiment, the sculpture subassembly is including seting up two second arc grooves 26 at processing pipe 2 outer wall, and two axis of rotation 9 are worn out in two second arc grooves 26 respectively, and second laser head 36 is installed to the inner wall of processing pipe 2, and second laser head 36 sets up with arc 3 relatively, and the spherical center of laser irradiation direction towards globular work piece.

The carving assembly further comprises a conversion assembly for switching the rotating shaft 9 into intermittent rotation, and after the conversion assembly is switched, the rotating shaft 9 rotates for a certain angle around the axis of the processing pipe 2 after being converted from continuous rotation into rotation for one circle.

Known from the preceding content, axis of rotation 9 rotates and drives globular work piece burnishing and polishing, after the polishing, switch axis of rotation 9 through the conversion subassembly, make it switch to intermittent type and rotate, during the laser sculpture, through the laser sculpture of second laser head 36 transmission laser to globular work piece, axis of rotation 9 drives globular work piece and rotates a circle simultaneously, make second laser head 36 carve an arc line to the surface of globular work piece, then axis of rotation 9 and globular work piece use the centre of sphere of globular work piece as the centre of a circle to rotate certain angle, then axis of rotation 9 rotates once more, so with this circulation, can carry out the laser sculpture to the surface of globular work piece.

Further, a motor for driving the rotating shaft 9 to rotate is mounted on the outer wall of one of the vertical plates 8.

According to the second embodiment, the rotating shaft 9 is driven to rotate through the motor, the rotating speed of the motor can be increased in the process of grinding and polishing the spherical workpiece, so that the polishing effect of the spherical workpiece is improved, and then the rotating speed of the motor is decreased in the process of laser engraving so as to keep the stability of the spherical workpiece during laser engraving.

Further, the conversion assembly comprises a mounting plate 28 fixed at the bottom of one of the vertical plates 8, a rotating shaft 29 is rotatably mounted at the top of the mounting plate 28, a rotating disc 32 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 29, the distance between the edge of the rotating disc 32 and the axis of the rotating shaft 29 gradually increases along the rotating direction, two bevel gears 35 capable of being meshed with each other are mounted between the rotating shaft 9 and the rotating shaft 29, the bevel gears 35 located on the rotating shaft 9 are slidably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 9 through flat keys, a through hole is formed in the outer wall, close to the mounting plate 28, of the vertical plate 8, a sliding plate 30 is slidably mounted in the through hole, a baffle is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding plate 30, a spring 31 is mounted between the baffle and the vertical plate 8, a transmission rod 34 is fixed at the top of the sliding plate 30 and abuts against the arc-shaped outer wall of the rotating disc 32, a shifting rod 33 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall, close to the processing pipe 2, a plurality of shifting grooves 27 distributed in an annular shape are formed in the outer wall of the processing pipe 2, and when the sliding plate 30 moves towards the processing pipe 2, the shifting rod 33 is inserted into the shifting grooves 27 and pushes the rotating shaft 9 to rotate.

After polishing, through the rotation mode that the conversion subassembly switches axis of rotation 9, can refer to fig. 7-10, when motor drive axis of rotation 9 rotated, two bevel gear 35 were in the off-state this moment, when carrying out laser engraving, made two bevel gear 35 intermeshing, then the motor drives axis of rotation 9 and can drive pivot 29 through two bevel gear 35 and rotate when rotating, thereby drive rolling disc 32 and rotate, because the transmission effect of two bevel gear 35, so axis of rotation 9 rotated the circle, pivot 29 and rolling disc 32 also can rotate the circle.

In the process of the forward stroke, the rotating disc 32 pushes against the transmission rod 34 to move, and simultaneously drives the sliding plate 30 to move towards the direction far away from the processing pipe 2, the spring 31 is also compressed, after the rotating disc 32 rotates for a circle, the transmission rod 34 can be separated from the protruding part of the rotating disc 32, and under the elastic force action of the spring 31, the transmission rod 34 is contacted with the thin part of the rotating disc 32 again, simultaneously the sliding plate 30 can move towards the direction close to the processing pipe 2, the deflector rod 33 is inserted into the deflector groove 27, and the rotating shaft 9 can be driven to rotate by using the reaction force, so that the arc-shaped plate 3 and the spherical workpiece are driven to rotate for a certain angle.

A torsion spring is installed between the slide plate 30 and the lever 33, so that the lever 33 and the slide plate 30 can be kept in a bent state, and the lever 33 can be disengaged from the lever groove 27 and straightened again when the slide plate 30 moves away from the processing tube 2.

Further, a dust collector is mounted at the inner bottom of the processing pipe 2.

The dust collector can collect impurities after polishing, and the generated wind can play a certain role in cooling the spherical workpiece.

The standard parts used in the present embodiment may be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural components described in the specification and drawings may also be obtained by processing directly according to the common general knowledge of the prior art without any doubt, and the connection manner of the respective parts is a conventional manner well-established in the prior art, and the machines, parts and equipment are of a type conventional in the prior art, so that detailed description thereof is omitted.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a laser engraving device based on numerical control processing, includes bottom plate (1), its characterized in that: the processing pipe (2) is installed at the top of the bottom plate (1), an arc-shaped plate (3) is installed on the inner wall of the processing pipe (2) in a sliding mode, the arc-shaped plate (3) slides around the axis of the processing pipe (2), through holes are formed in two ends of the arc-shaped plate (3), rotatable rotating shafts (9) are installed in the two through holes, the two rotating shafts (9) can slide oppositely or oppositely, the axes of the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate through the circle center of the arc-shaped plate (3), and a polishing strip (4) which can be attached to the surface of a spherical workpiece is fixed on the outer wall of the inner arc of the arc-shaped plate (3);

the laser engraving device also comprises an engraving component for engraving the surface of the spherical workpiece by laser;

a transverse plate (5) is fixed to the top of the arc-shaped plate (3) through a support rod, sliding grooves (6) are formed in the tops of two sides of the transverse plate (5), sliding blocks (7) are installed in the two sliding grooves (6) in a sliding mode, the two sliding blocks (7) can slide oppositely or oppositely, vertical plates (8) are fixed to the bottoms of the two sliding blocks (7), and opposite ends of the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate through the processing pipe (2) and are installed on the outer walls of opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates (8) in a rotating mode respectively;

the engraving assembly comprises a first arc groove (19) formed in the outer wall of the processing pipe (2), the first arc groove (19) is arranged opposite to the arc plate (3), a sliding pipe (20) capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode along the inner wall of the first arc groove (19) is installed on the inner wall of the first arc groove (19), an adjusting rod (21) is installed on the inner wall of the sliding pipe (20) in a sliding mode, the adjusting rod (21) moves in the radius direction of the processing pipe (2), and a first laser head (25) is installed on the outer wall, facing the inside of the processing pipe (2), of the adjusting rod (21);

the carving assembly further comprises a switching assembly for switching the rotating shaft (9) into one-way intermittent rotation, after switching, when the sliding pipe (20) moves forwards, the first laser head (25) carves the surface of the spherical workpiece, when the sliding pipe (20) moves backwards, the rotating shaft (9) drives the spherical workpiece to rotate for a certain angle, and the first laser head (25) stops carving;

the outer wall of the processing pipe (2) is fixed with a disc (24), the top of the disc (24) is rotatably provided with a toothed ring (12), the toothed ring (12) and the processing pipe (2) are concentrically arranged, the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts (9) is provided with a gear (13) in a sliding mode through a flat key, the gear (13) is meshed with the toothed ring (12), the bottom of the adjusting rod (21) is fixed with a vertical rod (22), the bottom of the vertical rod (22) is fixed with an inserted rod (23), the outer wall of the toothed ring (12) is provided with a hole for the insertion rod (23) to insert, the inserted rod (23) is inserted into the hole, and the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate through the outer wall of the processing pipe (2) and can slide and rotate in the two through holes respectively;

the switching assembly comprises an inner ring (10) rotatably mounted at the top of a disc (24), the inner ring (10) and a toothed ring (12) are concentrically arranged, the inner ring (10) is located in the toothed ring (12), a plurality of bevel blocks (11) are fixed at the top of the inner ring (10), a ratchet wheel (14) is fixed on the outer wall of a gear (13) through a connecting pipe (16), the ratchet wheel (14) is slidably mounted on a rotating shaft (9) through a flat key, a plurality of shifting teeth (15) which are annularly arranged are mounted on the annular outer wall of the ratchet wheel (14), and when the bevel blocks (11) contact the shifting teeth (15), the connecting pipe (16) can be driven to rotate unidirectionally, when the connecting pipe (16) moves, the gear ring (12) is meshed with the gear (13) or the ratchet wheel (14) is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring (10), a limiting block (18) is fixed on the outer wall, close to the ratchet wheel (14), of the processing pipe (2), when the ratchet wheel (14) is partially overlapped with the track of the inner ring (10), the limiting block (18) extends into the space between two adjacent shifting teeth (15) to limit the ratchet wheel (14) to rotate in a single direction, a hole for inserting the inserting rod (23) is formed in the side wall of the inner ring (10), and when the adjusting rod (21) moves, the inserting rod (23) is inserted into the inner ring (10) or the hole in the gear ring (12) .

2. The laser engraving device based on numerical control machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a dust collector is arranged at the inner bottom of the processing pipe (2).

3. The utility model provides a laser engraving device based on numerical control processing, includes bottom plate (1), its characterized in that: the processing pipe (2) is installed at the top of the bottom plate (1), an arc-shaped plate (3) is installed on the inner wall of the processing pipe (2) in a sliding mode, the arc-shaped plate (3) slides around the axis of the processing pipe (2), through holes are formed in two ends of the arc-shaped plate (3), rotatable rotating shafts (9) are installed in the two through holes, the two rotating shafts (9) can slide oppositely or oppositely, the axes of the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate through the circle center of the arc-shaped plate (3), and a polishing strip (4) which can be attached to the surface of a spherical workpiece is fixed on the outer wall of the inner arc of the arc-shaped plate (3);

the laser engraving device also comprises an engraving component for engraving the surface of the spherical workpiece by laser;

a transverse plate (5) is fixed to the top of the arc-shaped plate (3) through a support rod, sliding grooves (6) are formed in the tops of two sides of the transverse plate (5), sliding blocks (7) are installed in the two sliding grooves (6) in a sliding mode, the two sliding blocks (7) can slide oppositely or oppositely, vertical plates (8) are fixed to the bottoms of the two sliding blocks (7), and the opposite ends of the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate through the processing pipe (2) and are installed on the outer walls of opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates (8) in a rotating mode respectively;

the engraving assembly comprises two second arc grooves (26) formed in the outer wall of the machining pipe (2), the two rotating shafts (9) penetrate out of the two second arc grooves (26) respectively, a second laser head (36) is mounted on the inner wall of the machining pipe (2), the second laser head (36) is arranged opposite to the arc plate (3), and the laser irradiation direction faces to the center of a sphere of a spherical workpiece;

the engraving assembly further comprises a conversion assembly for switching the rotating shaft (9) into intermittent rotation, and after the switching, the rotating shaft (9) rotates for a certain angle around the axis of the machining pipe (2) after being converted from continuous rotation into one circle of rotation;

a motor for driving a rotating shaft (9) to rotate is mounted on the outer wall of one of the vertical plates (8);

the conversion component comprises a mounting plate (28) fixed at the bottom of one of the vertical plates (8), a rotating shaft (29) is rotatably arranged at the top of the mounting plate (28), a rotating disc (32) is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (29), the distance between the edge of the rotating disc (32) and the axis of the rotating shaft (29) is gradually increased along the rotating direction, two bevel gears (35) which can be meshed with each other are arranged between the rotating shaft (9) and the rotating shaft (29), and a bevel gear (35) positioned on the rotating shaft (9) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (9) in a sliding way through a flat key, the outer wall of the vertical plate (8) close to the mounting plate (28) is provided with a through hole, a sliding plate (30) is arranged in the through hole in a sliding way, a baffle is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding plate (30), a spring (31) is arranged between the baffle and the vertical plate (8), a transmission rod (34) is fixed at the top of the sliding plate (30), the transmission rod (34) is propped against the arc-shaped outer wall of the rotating disc (32), a deflector rod (33) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the sliding plate (30) close to the processing pipe (2), the outer wall of the processing pipe (2) is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed poking grooves (27), when the sliding plate (30) moves towards the processing pipe (2), the shifting rod (33) is inserted into the shifting groove (27) and pushes the rotating shaft (9) to rotate.

4. The laser engraving device based on numerical control machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a dust collector is arranged at the inner bottom of the processing pipe (2).

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