CN114917674A - Fruit vinegar filtering method - Google Patents
Fruit vinegar filtering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114917674A CN114917674A CN202210608396.2A CN202210608396A CN114917674A CN 114917674 A CN114917674 A CN 114917674A CN 202210608396 A CN202210608396 A CN 202210608396A CN 114917674 A CN114917674 A CN 114917674A
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 240
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 502
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095714 cider vinegar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
- B01D33/21—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with hollow filtering discs transversely mounted on a hollow rotary shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/80—Accessories
- B01D33/804—Accessories integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
- B01D33/808—Accessories integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
- B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
- B01D37/025—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered additives incorporated in the filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2221/00—Applications of separation devices
- B01D2221/06—Separation devices for industrial food processing or agriculture
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit vinegar filtering method, and relates to the technical field of fruit vinegar. The fruit vinegar filtering method adopts diatomite suspension formed by finished vinegar and diatomite as a diatomite adding mode in the primary pre-coating, secondary pre-coating and filtering processes, selects a formula for adding the diatomite according to the turbidity of fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure stability during filtering, and the specific formula is formed by first diatomite, second diatomite and third diatomite with different permeabilities. According to the invention, diatomite and finished fruit vinegar are used to form suspension for feeding, so that the reduction of product acidity after filtration is avoided, and the stability of concentration is kept; the formula of the diatomite is regulated and controlled, so that the filtered fruit vinegar product is clearer, lower in turbidity and longer in storage time, and more importantly, the dosage of the diatomite is obviously saved, and the process cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit vinegar, and particularly relates to a fruit vinegar filtering method.
Background
Diatomite is a commonly used filter medium in the industry at present, and is widely applied to the product fields of water treatment, food, beverage and the like. The devices for filtering by using diatomite mainly comprise a disc type diatomite filter, a plate and frame type diatomite filter, a candle stick type diatomite filter and the like.
The disc type diatomite filter is the first choice of filtering equipment for brewing and beverage enterprises, and is mainly characterized by good filtering effect and low loss in the filtering process. The disc type diatomite filter is commonly used for filtering in the production process of the fruit vinegar.
However, the fruit vinegar filtered and fermented by using the disc type diatomite filter at present mainly has the following problems: there is no specific filtering process, and the consumption of diatomite in the whole filtering process is very large; the single machine filtration capacity is low, and the product after filtration is easy to have turbidity.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fruit vinegar filtering method, which aims to remarkably reduce the dosage of diatomite and reduce the process cost on the premise of ensuring the filtering effect.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a fruit vinegar filtering method, which adopts a disc filter for filtering, and comprises primary precoating, secondary precoating and filtering which are sequentially carried out; the primary precoating and the secondary precoating are both implemented by mixing kieselguhr with finished fruit vinegar to form kieselguhr suspension, and introducing the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the kieselguhr suspension onto a disc for precoating;
selecting a formula for adding diatomite according to the turbidity of fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure stability during filtering in the processes of primary pre-coating, secondary pre-coating and filtering;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the first diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the first diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the added kieselguhr is the first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1-2: 1;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is the first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8-10;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8-10;
wherein, the permeability of the first diatomite is 1.00-2.50, the permeability of the second diatomite is 0.03-0.09, and the permeability of the third diatomite is 0.10-0.25.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the diatomite suspension formed by finished vinegar and diatomite is used as a diatomite adding mode in the primary pre-coating, secondary pre-coating and filtering processes, a formula for adding the diatomite is selected according to the turbidity of fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure stability during filtering, and the specific formula is formed by first diatomite, second diatomite and third diatomite with different permeabilities. According to the invention, diatomite and finished fruit vinegar are used to form suspension for feeding, so that the reduction of product acidity after filtration is avoided, and the stability of concentration is maintained; the formula of the diatomite is regulated and controlled, so that the turbidity of the filtered fruit vinegar product is clearer, the storage time is longer, more importantly, the consumption of the diatomite, water, electricity and gas energy consumption are obviously saved, and the process cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the fruit vinegar filtration method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for filtering fruit vinegar, where a disc filter is used for filtering, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s1, pretreatment
Before precoating, the disc filter was cleaned and then the disc feed was vented.
In the actual operation process, before primary pre-coating, the disc filter is filled with the finished vinegar, and gas in equipment and pipelines is discharged to prevent the gas from being introduced into the fruit vinegar.
Specifically, the disk filter, which may also be referred to as a disk diatomite filter in the embodiments of the present invention, is an existing device, and the filter element of the disk filter is a filter disk with a special structure, and is composed of a metal fine net with a constant gap, a support net and a fixed disk, wherein the metal fine net is arranged on the support net and is uniformly welded on the fixed disk. The gap of the metal fine net is 0.06mm, namely the metal fine net is a channel for filtering fluid, and under the normal use condition, the abrasion of the filter net is very small, and the metal fine net is a filter element which is almost never abraded. The fruit vinegar to be filtered deposits substances to be blocked on the filter layer through the filter layer attached to the surface of the metal fine mesh, clear liquid is collected into the central tube through the filter layer and the fluid channel to flow out, and the liquid is filtered.
That is to say, the fruit vinegar to be filtered passes through the filtering layer formed by pre-coating diatomite to block the solid-phase substances which are not needed in the liquid to be filtered, and the pure liquid is collected through the gaps among the disc fine meshes and flows out of the hollow central tube to achieve the filtration of the liquid. The retained substances and the added diatomite are more and more along with the increase of the filtering time, so that the filtering layer is continuously thickened, the filtering resistance is more and more, namely the inlet pressure is increased, and the filtering is stopped when the inlet pressure reaches 0.6MPa (max). The known filtering principle is that under the action of positive pressure (precoating pressure), precoated diatomite is uniformly attached to the surface of a disc to form a filter layer, so that the liquid filtering effect is realized, and the filter plate also has the function of a flow channel for filtering liquid.
S2 precoating and filtering
Sequentially carrying out primary precoating, secondary precoating and filtering; and the primary pre-coating and the secondary pre-coating are both performed by mixing kieselguhr and finished fruit vinegar to form kieselguhr suspension, and introducing the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the kieselguhr suspension onto the disc for pre-coating, and the filtering is performed by introducing the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the kieselguhr suspension onto the disc simultaneously. In the actual operation process, after the primary precoating is finished, the site sees whether the soil on the disc is completely adhered to the disc, and the secondary precoating can be carried out if the feed liquid is clear.
It should be noted that, the traditional filtration method generally adopts disc precoating after mixing water and diatomite, and the turbidity and acidity difference of the filtrate are large, the acidity of the filtered material is obviously reduced, and the material quantity is lost.
The diatomite formula adopted by the existing filtering method is relatively rigid, and the filtering is generally carried out according to the scheme recommended by manufacturers. In the embodiment of the invention, the inventor creatively prepares the ingredients according to the specification of the diatomite according to the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure rise condition of the previous filtering. The adopted diatomite comprises first diatomite, second diatomite and third diatomite, the permeability of the three kinds of diatomite is different, the permeability of the first diatomite is 1.00-2.50, the permeability of the second diatomite is 0.03-0.09, and the permeability of the third diatomite is 0.10-0.25. See table 1 for specific indices:
TABLE 1 Property parameters of diatomaceous earth of different models
As can be seen from Table 1, the first diatomaceous earth has a wet density of 0.42g/cm or less 3 The 150-mesh wet screen residue is less than or equal to 15 percent, the pH value of 10 percent of water slurry is 8 to 11, and the gap value is 10 to 12 mu m; the wet density of the second diatomite is less than or equal to 0.40g/cm 3 The wet sieve residue of 150 meshes is less than or equal to 6 percent, the pH value of water slurry with the mass fraction of 10 percent is 5-10, and the gap value is 3-4 mu m; the wet density of the third diatomite is less than or equal to 0.40g/cm 3 150 meshes wet screen residue is less than or equal to 6 percent and the mass fraction is 10 percent% of the slurry has a pH of 5-10 and a gap of 4-5 μm.
The inventor creatively selects a formula for adding the diatomite according to the turbidity of fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure stability during filtering in the processes of primary pre-coating, secondary pre-coating and filtering, and adds the second diatomite with smaller fineness, thereby reducing the soil consumption and ensuring that the filtered feed liquid is clearer at the same time.
The first formula comprises: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2.
The second formula comprises: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the first diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the first diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5.
A third formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the added kieselguhr is the first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1-2: 1.
A fourth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is the first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8-10.
A fifth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5.
A sixth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the added second diatomite to the added third diatomite is 1: 8-10.
It should be noted that, the primary precoating plays a supporting role, the coarse soil-first diatomite is added, the precoating rate of the primary precoating is 190-210hl/h (such as 190hl/h, 200hl/h, 210hl/h and the like), the precoating time is 20-40min (such as 20min, 30min, 40min and the like), the low flow rate can lead the precoating layer to be dispersed unevenly, the turbidity of the filtered material is high, the high flow rate can lead the precoating layer to be too tight, the working pressure range after the filtration is narrowed, and the filtration capacity is influenced.
It should be noted that, the secondary precoating is based on the turbidity of the material to be filtered, the third diatomite (fine soil) or the mixture of the third diatomite (fine soil) and the second diatomite (fine soil) is used, the precoating rate of the secondary precoating is 190-210hl/h (such as 190hl/h, 200hl/h, 210hl/h, etc.), the precoating time is 20-40min (such as 20min, 30min, 40min, etc.), the diatomite can be clearly seen to be uniformly supported on the disc of the disc machine (precoating cleaning), the speed is reduced to 110-130hl/h (such as 110hl/h, 120hl/h, 130hl/h, etc.) for 10-20min, and the cycle time can be 10min, 15min, 20min, etc., thus the pressure during filtering can be guaranteed to be relatively stable.
In the actual operation process, for example, the first formula and the second formula are filtered aiming at fruit vinegar with the same turbidity, any formula is selected for operation according to the change conditions of pressure and turbidity of the last filtration, the dosage of diatomite is reduced as much as possible, and the formula is used for continuous operation if the requirements are met; if the pressure rises quickly and the filtration turbidity is higher in the filtration process, the proportion and the dosage of the supplemented fine soil can be adjusted and controlled properly.
The inventor also optimizes the dosage ratio of the raw materials when using the six formulas:
the first formula comprises: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite is added into the second diatomite and the third diatomite during the filtration process, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1.3-1.7.
The second formula is as follows: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for one-time pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the first diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the first diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5.
A third formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added for one-time pre-coating is the first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1.3-1.7; the diatomite is added into the second diatomite and the third diatomite during the filtration process, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1.3-1.7: 1.
A fourth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is the first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8.5-9.5.
A fifth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is the second diatomite and the third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5.
A sixth formula: when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, adding kieselguhr for primary pre-coating as first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is third diatomite; the diatomite is added into the second diatomite and the third diatomite during the filtering process, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8.5-9.5.
The total amount of diatomaceous earth used in the three stages of primary precoating, secondary precoating and filtration can be referred to the prior art and is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the filtration area is 32m for 2 The disc filter of (1) controls the total mass of the added diatomite to be 55-65kg (such as 55kg, 60kg, 65kg and the like) during primary precoating, controls the total mass of the added diatomite to be 90-110kg (such as 90kg, 95kg, 100kg, 105kg, 110kg and the like) during secondary precoating, and controls the total mass of the added diatomite to be 90-110kg (such as 90kg, 100kg, 110kg and the like) during filtering; for the disc filters with other filtering areas, the filtering area is 32m 2 The addition amount of the diatomite is proportionally increased or reduced in each stage.
In some embodiments, the diatomaceous earth suspension used in the primary and secondary precoating ranges from 15 to 30% by weight, such as 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc. The mass fraction of the diatomite suspension used in the filtration stage is specifically adjusted according to conditions such as pressure.
In a preferred embodiment, the inventor sets an initial flow rate for the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered, and when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is less than 100NTU, the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering is controlled to be 115-125hL/h (such as 115hL/h, 120hL/h, 125hL/h and the like); the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU, and the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering is controlled to be 95-105hL/h (such as 95hL/h, 100hL/h, 105hL/h and the like); and when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU, controlling the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering to be 75-85hL/h (such as 75hL/h, 80hL/h, 85hL/h and the like). The larger the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is, the smaller the initial flow rate is, so as to ensure that the turbidity of the filtered product meets the requirement and facilitate the long-time storage of the product.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbidity of the discharge port is detected every 2.5 to 3.5t of filtration in the filtration process, and the inventor controls the flow rate according to the turbidity of the product and the pressure change condition in the filtration process:
case (1) turbidity, pressure steady increase: when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is less than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; after filtering for 2h, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 18% for feeding when the turbidity at the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is less than 3.0bar, and stopping filtering when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar.
Case (2) turbidity steadily increased, pressure increased rapidly: when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is more than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; after filtering for 1h, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 20% for feeding when the turbidity of the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is more than 2.5 bar; when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards with the amplitude of 9-11L/h, the minimum flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 28-32hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar.
Case (3) turbidity growth is fast, pressure steadily increases: when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is smaller than 0.2bar/3t, the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension is controlled to be 20-30% in the filtering process, and the adding flow rate is 320L/h; when the turbidity is more than 2.0NTU and the pressure of the disc machine is less than 3.0bar, adding the second diatomite or the third diatomite, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25-35%, the adding flow rate to be 280-320L/h, adjusting the flow rate of the disc machine with the amplitude of 9-11L/h when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, controlling the minimum flow rate of the disc machine to be 28-32hL/h, and stopping filtering when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar;
case (4) turbidity increase fast, pressure increase fast: when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is larger than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards with the amplitude of 9-11L/h, the minimum flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 28-32hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar;
case (5) high turbidity, lower pressure: when the pressure during filtration is less than 3.0bar and the turbidity of the material reaches 3.8NTU, starting a circulation mode, keeping the filtration flow rate, pressing all the diatomite suspension left in the adding tank into a disc machine to repair the filter cake on the disc, recovering the filtration capacity of the precoat layer, circulating until the turbidity is recovered to be below 1.5NTU, adding the fruit vinegar to be filtered again, and continuing to filter.
The filtration turbidity range is set to 0-4NTU, the circulation is performed when the turbidity reaches 3.8NTU, and the filtration is required when the turbidity is more than 4.0 NTU.
It should be noted that, the embodiment of the invention is to test the turbidity first, bring out the high by the low turbidity material, control the steady rise of the filtration pressure; the traditional operation mode generally keeps 120hL/h for filtering, and the filtering is stopped after the pressure is reached, but the embodiment of the invention adjusts the flow rate according to the pressure change, so as to improve the single-machine filtering capacity as much as possible.
In a preferred embodiment, the filtration is started after the fruit vinegar fermentation is finished and is kept still for half an hour. The traditional method is to sequentially filter fruit vinegar to be filtered, and filter the fruit vinegar when materials exist. The filtering time point control of the embodiment of the invention is mainly based on: the acetic acid bacteria die gradually when the ventilation is stopped, and the turbidity is higher and higher along with the time until reaching the maximum value, so that the filtration is started after the fruit vinegar fermentation is finished and the standing is carried out for half an hour, the foam in the liquid is partially dissipated, and the filtration effect is optimal when the turbidity does not rise.
In the actual operation process, if the standing time is too long for objective reasons, the liquid to be filtered can be stirred and ventilated for 1 minute to properly reduce the integral turbidity of the liquid, and then the liquid is pressed into a buffer tank for filtering, so that the filtering turbidity is kept relatively stable.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The main equipment is as follows: disk filter tank (filtering area 32 m) 2 ) The device comprises a kieselguhr adding tank, a conveying pump, a diaphragm pump, a bag type catcher, a buffer tank before filtration, a balance tank after filtration, an internal pipeline system, a dust suction device and the like.
The main materials are as follows: finished vinegar, softened water, first diatomite, second diatomite, third diatomite and the like.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fruit vinegar filtering method, which is implemented by adopting the process of fig. 1 to filter apple vinegar, wherein the turbidity of the apple vinegar to be filtered is 80NTU, and the specific steps are as follows:
pretreatment: after the disc filter is cleaned by softened water, the disc filter is filled with finished vinegar, gas in equipment and pipelines is exhausted, and pre-coating is started.
Primary pre-coating: 60kg of first diatomite is added in the primary pre-coating, the diatomite and finished apple vinegar are mixed to obtain a diatomite suspension, the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension is controlled to be 16%, the pre-coating flow rate is 200hL/h, and the pre-coating is carried out for 30 min.
Secondary pre-coating: and the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is 20kg of second diatomite and 80kg of third diatomite, the two kinds of diatomite are mixed with the finished apple vinegar to obtain diatomite suspension, the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension is controlled to be 25%, the pre-coating flow rate is controlled to be 200hL/h, the pre-coating is carried out for 30min, the flow rate is reduced to 120hL/h after the diatomite is uniformly borne on a disc of a disc machine when the diatomite is pre-coated on an upper viewing mirror and a lower viewing mirror of the disc machine, and the circulation is carried out for about 15 minutes.
And (3) filtering: 40kg of second diatomite and 60kg of third diatomite are added in the filtering process, the two kinds of diatomite are mixed with the finished apple vinegar to obtain a diatomite suspension, the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension is controlled to be 25%, and the initial filtering flow rate of the diatomite suspension is controlled to be 120 hL/h. The flow rate is adjusted according to the turbidity and pressure change in the filtering process, and the following 5 conditions are divided:
case (1) turbidity, pressure steady increase: when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is less than 0.2bar/3t, continuously filtering according to the initial flow rate, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25% in the filtering process, and controlling the adding flow rate to be 300L/h; and after filtering for 2 hours, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 18% for feeding when the turbidity of the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is less than 3.0 bar.
Case (2) turbidity steadily increased, pressure increased rapidly: when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is more than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 300L/h; after filtering for 1h, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 20% for feeding when the turbidity of the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is more than 2.5 bar; when the pressure reaches 3.8bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards at the amplitude of 10L/h, the minimum flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 30hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5.5 bar.
Case (3) fast turbidity increase, steady pressure increase: when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is smaller than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25% in the filtering process, and controlling the adding flow rate to be 300L/h; when the turbidity is more than 2.0NTU and the pressure of the disc machine is less than 3.0bar, adding second diatomite or third diatomite, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25-35%, controlling the adding flow rate to be 300L/h, adjusting the flow rate of the disc machine down in an amplitude of 10L/h when the pressure reaches 3.8bar, controlling the minimum flow rate of the disc machine to be 30hL/h, and stopping filtering when the pressure is increased to 5.5 bar;
case (4) turbidity increases rapidly, pressure increases rapidly: when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is larger than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 300L/h; when the pressure reaches 3.8bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards at the amplitude of 10L/h, the lowest flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 30hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5.5 bar;
case (5) high turbidity, low pressure: when the pressure is less than 3.0bar during the filtration and the turbidity of the material exceeds 3.8NTU, immediately starting a circulation mode, keeping the initial filtration flow rate, completely pressing the residual diatomite suspension into a disc machine to repair a filter cake on a disc, recovering the filtering capacity of the precoat layer, circulating until the turbidity is recovered to be below 1.5NTU, and adding the fruit vinegar to be filtered again to continue the filtration.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a fruit vinegar filtering method, which is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in turbidity and corresponding formula composition of apple vinegar to be filtered, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the turbidity of the cider vinegar to be filtered is 120NTU, the diatomite added in the first pre-coating is 60kg of first diatomite, the diatomite added in the second pre-coating is 40kg of second diatomite and 60kg of third diatomite, and the diatomite added in the filtering process is 60kg of second diatomite and 40kg of third diatomite.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a fruit vinegar filtering method, which is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in turbidity and corresponding formula composition of apple vinegar to be filtered, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the turbidity of the apple vinegar to be filtered is 160NTU, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is 60kg of first diatomite, the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is 100kg of third diatomite, and the diatomite added in the filtering process is 10kg of second diatomite and 90kg of third diatomite.
It should be noted that continuous filtration is carried out continuously in actual operation, so that when the turbidity is higher in filtration, such as the third formulation or the fourth formulation, it is preferable to use a relatively coarse one to stably control the pressure rise, for example, the third diatomaceous earth is preferably added to the filtration, and the addition is not a one-time addition, which is a suspension of diatomaceous earth added continuously during the filtration. If the turbidity is said to be higher, the second diatomite is supplemented with finer one to control the turbidity.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is: filtering at 120hl/h all the time in the filtering process, and stopping filtering after the pressure is up; softened water is used to replace finished apple vinegar when preparing diatomite suspension.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is: the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension added in the filtering process is always kept at 25%, and the adding flow rate is kept at 300L/h.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is: the fruit vinegar liquid after fermentation is directly adopted for pre-coating instead of filtering the finished product vinegar.
The results show that: comparative example 3 has a poor filtering effect, is easy to block, causes a rapid rise of the filtering pressure, and has a small filtering amount. This is probably due to the higher turbidity of the fruit vinegar liquid after fermentation compared to the finished vinegar.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 1 is: the finished vinegar and the diatomite are precoated during precoating, and the diatomite suspension prepared by softened water is adopted during filtering and adding the suspension during the process.
The results show that: the acidity of the final filtered product is easily low, and the control and stability of the quality index of the finished fruit vinegar are not facilitated.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is: the finished vinegar and the diatomite are used for pre-coating during pre-coating, and the diatomite suspension of the liquid to be filtered (namely the diatomite suspension prepared from the fruit vinegar to be filtered) is used during filtering and adding the suspension during the process.
The results show that: the turbidity increases too fast in the process, and is easy to be higher, and the diatomite consumption is large.
Test example 1
The filtration methods provided in the examples and comparative examples were tested for filtration efficiency, including stand-alone filtration capacity, average soil consumption per ton, loss rate, turbidity before filtration, turbidity after filtration, and storage of the finished product after filtration, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of filtration efficiency of filtration process
In conclusion, the invention provides a fruit vinegar filtering method, which is different from the traditional filtering method of beer and other beverages, simplifies the pre-coating times and seeks the breakthrough of a balance point under the condition of considering multiple factors such as turbidity of a material to be filtered, turbidity of a discharge port, pressure difference change of a disc filter, type and usage of diatomite and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring the filtering effect and simultaneously improving the single-machine filtering capacity, saving manpower, furthest reducing the usage of the diatomite, frequency of equipment cleaning and water, electricity and gas energy consumption cost, achieving the advantages of reducing the production cost, reducing the waste soil recovery and the like, and further improving the filtering effect under the condition of controlling key influence factors.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, and it is not intended to be limited to the embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fruit vinegar filtering method is characterized in that a disc filter is adopted for filtering, and primary precoating, secondary precoating and filtering are sequentially carried out; the primary pre-coating and the secondary pre-coating are both performed by mixing kieselguhr and finished fruit vinegar to form kieselguhr turbid liquid and introducing the kieselguhr turbid liquid onto a disc for pre-coating, and the filtering is performed by simultaneously introducing the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the kieselguhr turbid liquid onto the disc;
selecting a formula for adding diatomite according to the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered and the pressure stability during filtering in the processes of primary pre-coating, secondary pre-coating and filtering;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the kieselguhr added in the primary pre-coating is first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is first diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the first diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the kieselguhr added in the primary pre-coating is first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1-2; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1-2: 1;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the kieselguhr added in the primary pre-coating is the first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8-10;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3-5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8-10;
wherein the permeability of the first diatomite is 1.00-2.50, the permeability of the second diatomite is 0.03-0.09, and the permeability of the third diatomite is 0.10-0.25.
2. The method for filtering the fruit vinegar as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during the filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is the first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1.3-1.7;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 30-100NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the kieselguhr added in the primary pre-coating is first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is first diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the first diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary precoating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 1.3-1.7; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1.3-1.7: 1;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the kieselguhr added in the primary pre-coating is first kieselguhr; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8.5-9.5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is less than 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 3.5-4.5;
when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU and the pressure increase amplitude during filtering is more than or equal to 0.2bar/3t, the diatomite added in the primary pre-coating is first diatomite; the diatomite added in the secondary pre-coating is third diatomite; the diatomite added in the filtering process is second diatomite and third diatomite, and the mass ratio of the second diatomite to the third diatomite is 1: 8.5-9.5.
3. The method for filtering fruit vinegar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filtering area is 32m 2 The total mass of the added diatomite during the primary precoating is controlled to be 55-65kg, the total mass of the added diatomite during the secondary precoating is controlled to be 90-110kg, and the total mass of the added diatomite during the filtering is controlled to be 90-110 kg; for disc filters with other filter areas, the filter area is 32m 2 The proportion value of (1) is that the adding amount of the diatomite at each stage is increased or decreased in equal proportion;
preferably, the mass fraction of the diatomaceous earth suspension used in the primary precoating and the secondary precoating is 15 to 30%.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the precoating rate of the primary precoating is 190-210hl/h, and the precoating time is 20-40 min.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pre-coating rate of the secondary pre-coating is 190-210hl/h, the pre-coating time is 20-40min, the diatomite can be clearly seen and uniformly supported on the disc of the disc machine when pre-coated on the upper and lower sight glasses of the disc machine, and the speed is reduced to 110-130hl/h for 10-20 min.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is less than 100NTU, the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering is controlled to be 115-125 hL/h;
the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is 100-150NTU, and the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering is controlled to be 95-105 hL/h;
and when the turbidity of the fruit vinegar to be filtered is more than 150NTU, controlling the initial flow rate of the fruit vinegar during filtering to be 75-85 hL/h.
7. The fruit vinegar filtering method according to claim 6, wherein the discharge port turbidity is detected every 2.5 to 3.5t of filtering in the filtering process, and the flow rate is adjusted according to the discharge port turbidity and the pressure change during the filtering process:
when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is less than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% and the addition flow rate to be 280-320L/h in the filtering process; after filtering for 2 hours, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 18% for feeding when the turbidity of the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is less than 3.0bar, and stopping filtering when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar;
when the turbidity increase amplitude is less than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is more than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; after filtering for 1h, adjusting the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be below 20% for feeding when the turbidity of the discharge port is less than 1.5NTU and the pressure of a disc machine is more than 2.5 bar; when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards with the amplitude of 9-11L/h, the minimum flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 28-32hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar;
when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is smaller than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; when the turbidity is more than 2.0NTU and the pressure of the disc machine is less than 3.0bar, adding the second diatomite or the third diatomite, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 25-35%, controlling the adding flow rate to be 280-320L/h, adjusting the flow rate of the disc machine to be 9-11L/h when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, controlling the minimum flow rate of the disc machine to be 28-32hL/h, and stopping filtering when the pressure increases to 5-6 bar;
when the turbidity increase amplitude is larger than 0.2NTU/3t and the pressure increase amplitude is larger than 0.2bar/3t, controlling the mass fraction of the diatomite suspension to be 20-30% in the filtering process and the adding flow rate to be 320L/h; when the pressure reaches 3.5-4.0bar, the flow rate of the disc machine is adjusted downwards with the amplitude of 9-11L/h, the minimum flow rate of the disc machine is controlled to be 28-32hL/h, and the filtration is stopped when the pressure is increased to 5-6 bar;
and when the pressure is less than 3.0bar during the filtration and the turbidity of the material reaches 3.8NTU, starting a circulation mode, keeping the filtration flow rate, pressing all the diatomite suspension left in the adding tank into a disc machine to repair the filter cake on the disc, recovering the filtering capacity of the precoat layer, circulating until the turbidity is recovered to be below 1.5NTU, and adding the fruit vinegar to be filtered again to continue the filtration.
8. The method for filtering fruit vinegar of claim 1, wherein the first diatomaceous earth has a wet density of 0.42g/cm or less 3 The wet sieve residue of 150 meshes is less than or equal to 15 percent, the pH value of water slurry with the mass fraction of 10 percent is 8-11, and the gap value is 10-12 mu m;
the wet density of the second diatomite is less than or equal to 0.40g/cm 3 The 150-mesh wet screen residue is less than or equal to 6 percent, the pH value of 10 percent water slurry is 5-10, and the gap value is 3-4 mu m;
the wet density of the third diatomite is less than or equal to 0.40g/cm 3 The wet sieve residue of 150 meshes is less than or equal to 6 percent, the pH value of water slurry with the mass fraction of 10 percent is 5-10, and the gap value is 4-5 mu m.
9. The method for filtering fruit vinegar according to claim 1, wherein the filtration is started after the fruit vinegar fermentation is finished and the fruit vinegar is left for half an hour.
10. The fruit vinegar filtration method according to claim 1, wherein before the primary pre-coating, the disc filter is filled with finished vinegar, and gas in equipment and pipelines is discharged.
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| CN102524902A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究院 | Vacuum drum filter and operating method thereof prior to ultrafiltration of fruit/vegetable juice |
| CN110354582A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-22 | 重庆中轻装备有限公司 | A kind of soy sauce filtration process |
| CN110893296A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-20 | 江苏大亚铝业有限公司 | Filter aid for aluminum foil rolling oil and use method thereof |
| CN113499635A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-15 | 重庆中轻装备有限公司 | Mature vinegar filtering process method and system |
| CN114164075A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-11 | 重庆中轻装备有限公司 | Rice wine filtering process method |
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