CN114917351A - Medicine carrier based on lignin nanotubes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medicine carrier based on lignin nanotubes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube and a preparation method thereof. The drug carrier comprises a lignin nanotube and a coating layer coated on the surface of the lignin nanotube; the coating layer comprises functional molecules crosslinked with the lignin nanotubes and a phase-change material for end capping. The invention constructs a drug carrier based on the lignin nanotube, the constructed drug carrier has excellent loading activity and a slow release function, and simultaneously, the invention also provides a process for preparing the lignin nanotube with high efficiency and low cost. The morphology of the lignin nanotube is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the cosolvent, the electrolyte and dialysis parameters, the lignin nanotube can be prepared in a large scale and stored stably, and more importantly, the prepared lignin nanotube is a lignin nanotube with a new morphology, has a branch structure and an end-capping structure, and has important influence on drug loading.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drug carriers, in particular to a lignin nanotube-based drug carrier and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lignin is the only renewable natural aromatic polymer in the nature, the source of the lignin is wide, the lignin accounts for 15-30% of various agriculture and forestry biomass resources, in addition, the pulping and papermaking industry can also generate a large amount of lignin wastes, and most of the lignin wastes are consumed as low-value fuels or fillers, so that the resource waste is caused. The lignin has the functions of antibiosis, antioxidation, ultraviolet absorption and the like, contains a large number of phenolic hydroxyl functional groups, and can be assembled into a stable nano structure by means of pi-pi interaction and hydrogen bond interaction of benzene rings of the lignin. However, few studies on lignin nanotubes are reported at present, and preparation of pure lignin nanotubes takes foamed aluminum or a nanopore aluminum die as a template, lignin is deposited on the inner wall of the porous template through a complex chemical activation process, and the lignin nanotubes can be prepared by controlling the deposited lignin and the further dehydrogenation, polymerization and deposition thickness of lignin monomer compounds.
With the development of nanotechnology, nanometer materials, in particular to nanometer particles which are used for the internal transportation of traditional medicines, can improve the targeting property and the utilization rate of the medicines, reduce the toxic and side effects of the medicines and have the function of slow release, are the breakthrough point of the development of modern medicines. When the nano particles are used as a drug carrier, part of the nano particles have a certain slow release function, such as prussian blue nano particles; in addition, a degradable slow release layer can be added to play a slow release role, such as an in-vivo degradable biological material, a temperature-sensitive phase-change material and the like. When the phase-change material is used, the phase separation problem often exists among phase components in the multi-element composite phase-change material, so that the slow-release function of the composite phase-change material is influenced. Therefore, the development of the drug carrier with slow release, high efficiency and the like based on the lignin nanotube has wide medical prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lignin nanotube-based drug carrier and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and poor slow release effect of the existing drug-carrying system.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a drug carrier based on lignin nanotubes comprises lignin nanotubes and a coating layer coated on the surface of the lignin nanotubes; the coating layer comprises functional molecules crosslinked with the lignin nanotubes and a phase-change material for end capping.
Further, the lignin nanotube has a branched structure and a terminal structure such as a spherical terminal structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention takes the lignin nanotube as a matrix to construct a drug carrier, and the lignin nanotube has a branch structure and a blocking structure such as a spherical blocking structure. The branch structure can increase the surface area of the tube, and the end capping structure enables the lignin nanotube to play a good role as a carrier in the processes of drug loading and the like.
Meanwhile, the surface of the acidified lignin nanotube contains a large number of carboxyl groups, and the acidified lignin nanotube can be connected with functional molecules through an amide reaction. The functional molecules modify the lignin nanotubes, so that the lignin nanotubes have good dispersibility and stability.
And the phase-change material can enable a medicine carrying system constructed based on the lignin nanotube to have a slow release function. Meanwhile, in research, the functional molecules can effectively inhibit the phase separation problem of each component in the multi-component composite phase-change material, and the influence of the phase separation on the slow release function of the drug carrier is avoided.
Further, the preparation method of the lignin nanotube comprises the following steps:
adding lignin into water, then adding a cosolvent, finally adding an electrolyte, uniformly mixing, and dialyzing to obtain a lignin nanotube; or mixing cosolvent and water to form cosolvent aqueous solution, adding lignin into cosolvent aqueous solution, adding electrolyte, mixing, and dialyzing to obtain lignin nanotube;
wherein, the electrolyte is formed by the following anions and cations:
the cation being H + 、Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、Cu 2+ 、Fe 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Zn 2+ And Ag + Any one of the above;
the anion being Cl - 、Br - 、I - 、NO 3 - 、SO 4 2- 、HSO 4 - 、PO 4 3- 、HPO 4 2- 、HPO 3 2- 、OH - 、CO 3 2- And HCO 3 - Any one of them.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the lignin is added into water, then the cosolvent is added, the dissolving speed of the lignin in the water can be accelerated, the lignin is uniformly dispersed in the water, then the electrolyte is added, the formation of the lignin nanotube can be promoted after the lignin is fully dissolved, and the lignin can be self-assembled to form the lignin nanotube in the dialysis process. While the electrolyte used to form the lignin nanotubes is a substance formed by the above-mentioned cations and anions, and the electrolyte is an electrolyte with weak complexing ability, the inventors speculate that the formation of the lignin nanotubes by the electrolyte may be because the cations in the electrolyte, in particular, may complex with lignin, and may promote the formation of the lignin nanotubes. In the preparation process of the lignin nanotube, the size can be influenced by electrolyte, cosolvent and dialysis factors, and the diameter and the length-diameter ratio of the lignin nanotube can be regulated and controlled by regulating the parameters.
The preparation method is simple, the lignin is only required to be added into water, then the cosolvent is added, the electrolyte is added and dissolved, and the lignin nanotube can be formed by self-assembly through dialysis.
Further, the lignin nanotubes are connected with the functional molecules through amide reaction after being acidified.
Further, the functional molecule is tyrosine, histidine or cysteine.
Further, the phase change material is a single phase change material or a multi-component composite phase change material.
Further, the phase change material is tetradecanol, lauric acid or stearic acid.
Further, the phase change material includes at least two of lauric acid, stearic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, behenic acid.
Further, the phase change material includes lauric acid and palmitic acid.
Further, the phase change material includes lauric acid and behenic acid.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows:
further, lignin is a pure lignin reagent such as dealkalized lignin, sodium lignosulfonate and the like.
Further, the mass concentration of the lignin in the cosolvent aqueous solution is 1-20%, that is, the lignin is added into water, and then the cosolvent is added, and the mass concentration of the lignin in the reaction system reaches 1-20%.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further technical scheme are as follows: adding lignin into water, adding a cosolvent to promote the lignin to be quickly dissolved, wherein the mass concentration of the lignin is 1-20%, the lignin can be quickly dissolved under the condition of the cosolvent at the concentration, and is combined with an electrolyte to form a relatively pure lignin nanotube, and if the concentration is too high, the dissolution, the combination with the electrolyte and the final formation rate and purity of the lignin nanotube can be influenced.
Furthermore, the cosolvent is alcohol, an aprotic solvent, a protic solvent, a deep eutectic solvent or ionic liquid.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is as follows: the cosolvent can accelerate the dissolution speed of lignin in water, and can effectively promote the formation of lignin nanotubes after being matched with electrolyte.
Further, the alcohol is methanol, ethanol or ethylene glycol; the aprotic solvent is tetrahydrofuran or dioxane; the protic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide; the deep eutectic solvent is choline chloride/citric acid, choline chloride/acetic acid; the ionic liquid is [ Amim ] Cl, [ Bmim ] Cl and DMSO/TBAH.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is as follows: the cosolvent can be a pure substance or an aqueous solution of the substance, and can quickly dissolve lignin in water to be combined with an electrolyte to promote the formation of the lignin nanotube. The above-mentioned partial cosolvents are only listed, for example, the alcohol substance as the cosolvent can be not only methanol, ethanol or ethylene glycol as the cosolvent in the technical scheme, but also other alcohol substances as long as the alcohol substance can play the same solubilizing role, which is not listed here.
Furthermore, after the cosolvent is added, the volume concentration of the cosolvent in the reaction system is 10-90%.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is as follows: the effect of the cosolvent not only influences the dissolution rate of lignin in water, but also influences the diameter of the formed lignin nanotubes, namely under the condition that the lignin is completely dissolved, the diameter of the lignin nanotubes increases along with the increase of the content of the cosolvent.
Further, the concentration of the electrolyte in the reaction system is 0.01-1mol/L after the electrolyte is added.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is as follows: only when the concentration of the added electrolyte in the reaction system is 0.01-1mol/L, the electrolyte can be effectively combined with lignin to form the lignin nanotube, if the concentration is higher than the concentration, the electrolyte is too much to be well combined with the lignin, the purity and the yield of the lignin nanotube can be influenced, and if the concentration is lower than the concentration, the yield of the lignin nanotube can be influenced.
Further, the dialysis temperature is 20-60 deg.C, and the dialysis time is 2-4 days.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further technical scheme are as follows: during the dialysis process, lignin can be self-assembled to form the lignin nanotubes, and the dialysis temperature can influence the length-diameter ratio of the nanotubes, and within the range of the dialysis temperature, the dialysis temperature is increased, and the length-diameter ratio of the nanotubes is reduced.
The preparation method of the drug carrier comprises the following steps:
acidifying the lignin nanotube, adding functional molecules to connect the acidified lignin nanotube with the acidified lignin nanotube through an amide reaction, adding a phase-change material, and sealing the end of the phase-change material.
Further, acid treatment is performed by using concentrated nitric acid and/or concentrated sulfuric acid.
Furthermore, the concentration of the functional molecules is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Furthermore, the volume ratio of the phase-change material to the functional molecules is 0.5-1: 2-5.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention constructs a drug carrier based on the lignin nanotube, and the constructed drug carrier has excellent loading activity and a slow release function, and simultaneously provides a process for preparing the lignin nanotube with high efficiency and low cost. The morphology of the lignin nanotube is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the cosolvent, the electrolyte and dialysis parameters, the lignin nanotube can be prepared in a large scale and stored stably, and more importantly, the prepared lignin nanotube is a lignin nanotube with a new morphology, has a branch structure and an end-capping structure, and has important influence on drug loading.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a lignin nanotube prepared in example 1 using NaCl as electrolyte;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a lignin nanotube prepared in example 2 using sodium bromide as an electrolyte;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a lignin nanotube prepared in example 3 using sodium sulfate as an electrolyte;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the lignin nanotubes prepared in example 4 using sodium nitrate as the electrolyte;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of the lignin nanotubes prepared in example 5 using cupric chloride as the electrolyte;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of the lignin nanotubes prepared in example 7 using ferric chloride as an electrolyte;
FIG. 7 is an SEM topography of lignin feedstock and lignin nanotubes;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a lignin nanotube prepared in example 1 using NaCl as an electrolyte;
FIG. 9 is another perspective view of the lignin nanotubes prepared in example 1 using NaCl as electrolyte.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
Example 1:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding an ethanol solution, wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the ethanol is 20%, then adding sodium chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.1mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 45mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 5mL of a 0.5mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2h, adding a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and behenic acid, stirring uniformly, and standing for 1.5 h; the volume concentration of lauric acid and behenic acid in the phase-change material solution is 20%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 0.5: 2.
Example 2:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the THF is 20%, then adding sodium bromide to ensure that the concentration of the sodium bromide is 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium bromide, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to prepare the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 8g of lignin nanotube into 35mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4 hours, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 20mL of a 0.1mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2 hours, adding a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and stearic acid, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 hours; the volume concentration of lauric acid and stearic acid in the phase-change material solution is 20%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 1: 3.
Example 3:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the tetrahydrofuran is 20%, then adding sodium sulfate to enable the concentration to be 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium sulfate, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 30mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Placing the acidified lignin nanotube into 20mL of a 0.1mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2 hours, adding a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and tetradecanol, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 hours; the volume concentration of lauric acid and tetradecanol in the phase-change material solution is 20%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 0.5: 2.
Example 4:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the THF is 20%, then adding sodium nitrate to enable the concentration to be 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium nitrate, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 40mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 3mL of 1mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reaction for 2h, adding a phase-change material solution formed by lauric acid, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 h; the volume concentration of lauric acid in the phase-change material solution is 60%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 0.5: 3.
Example 5:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the tetrahydrofuran is 20%, then adding copper chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the copper chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 35mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 8mL of a 0.5mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2h, adding a phase-change material solution formed by docosanoic acid, stirring uniformly, and standing for 1.5 h; the volume concentration of the docosanoic acid in the phase-change material solution is 40%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 1: 3.
Example 6:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the tetrahydrofuran is 20%, then adding ferrous chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the ferrous chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 30mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 5mL of a 0.5mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2h, adding a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and behenic acid, stirring uniformly, and standing for 1.5 h; the volume concentration of lauric acid and behenic acid in the phase-change material solution is 10%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 1: 1.
Example 7:
a medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding Tetrahydrofuran (THF), wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the tetrahydrofuran is 50%, then adding ferric chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.05mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the ferric chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Acidification of lignin nanotubes
Putting 10g of lignin nanotube into 45mL of mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:2, performing ultrasonic treatment for 4h, cooling and precipitating, removing acid liquor, washing with distilled water for multiple times, and drying at 120 ℃;
(3) functional molecule and phase change material modification
Putting the acidified lignin nanotube into 10mL of a 0.5mol/L tyrosine solution, stirring for reacting for 2h, adding a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and behenic acid, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 h; the volume concentration of lauric acid and behenic acid in the phase-change material solution is 20%, and the volume ratio of the phase-change material solution to the tyrosine solution is 1: 1.
SEM topography of the lignin nanotubes prepared in examples 1-5 and 7 are shown in FIGS. 1-6, and perspective views of the lignin nanotubes prepared in example 1 are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 6 and fig. 8 and 9, the lignin nanotubes have a branched structure and a capped structure.
In the experimental process, when ferrous chloride is used as an electrolyte, the lignin nanotubes can be formed, but when ferric chloride is used as the electrolyte, the lignin nanotubes can be formed only when the concentration is not more than 0.05mol/L, and if the concentration is too high, more of the formed nano materials are lignin nanowires.
In addition, the invention also makes a comparison on the forms of the lignin raw material and the prepared lignin nanotube, and particularly shows figure 7.
In FIG. 7, the graph a-a 'is an SEM topography of the dealkalized lignin of the lignin raw material, and the graph b-b' is an SEM topography of the lignin nanotube (example 1). As can be seen from FIG. 7, the dealkalized lignin is aggregated into large particles, and the lignin nanotubes having a length of about 500 μm and a diameter of about 500nm are obtained by nanocrystallization.
Example 8
A medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding an ethanol solution, wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the ethanol is 20%, then adding sodium chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.1mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Phase change material modification
Putting the lignin nanotube into a phase-change material solution formed by compounding lauric acid and behenic acid, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 hours; the volume concentrations of lauric acid and behenic acid in the phase change material solution were both 20%.
Example 9
A medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding an ethanol solution, wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1%, the volume concentration of the ethanol is 20%, then adding sodium chloride to enable the concentration to be 0.1mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium chloride, and dialyzing for 48h at 30 ℃ to obtain the lignin nanotube.
(2) Phase change material modification
And (3) placing the lignin nanotube into a lauric acid solution, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 hours.
Example 10
A medicine carrier based on a lignin nanotube is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparation of Lignin nanotubes
Adding dealkalized lignin into water, then adding an ethanol solution, wherein the mass concentration of the lignin in the system is 1 percent, the volume concentration of the ethanol is 20 percent, then adding sodium chloride to ensure that the concentration is 0.1mol/L, fully dissolving the lignin and the sodium chloride, and dialyzing for 48 hours at 30 ℃ to prepare the lignin nanotube.
(2) Phase change material modification
Putting the lignin nanotube into a tetradecanol solution, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1.5 h.
Example 11
The drug carriers prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 and 8 to 10 are used for carrying drugs, that is, the doxorubicin to be loaded is added into the system before the phase-change material is modified, then the phase-change material is used for modification, the doxorubicin adding amount of each embodiment is the same, the encapsulation rate and the 120h cumulative drug release rate are calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 encapsulation efficiency and drug Release
As can be seen from the data in table 1, although the embodiments 1 to 5 and 8 to 9 adopt different technical solutions, for example, the technical parameters of the embodiments 1 to 5 are different, the embodiments 8 to 9 are directly modified by using a phase change material, and are not modified by using a functional molecule, nor are they subjected to an acidification treatment, but there is no significant difference in the encapsulation efficiency of the drug.
For the cumulative release rate of the drug within 120h, the release degrees of examples 1 to 3 are 40%, 50% and 50%, and the release degrees of examples 4 and 5 reach 76% and 78%, and it can be known from the technical solutions of examples 1 to 5 that the release rate of the multi-component composite phase change material to the drug can be affected by acid treatment and functional molecule modification.
Example 8 uses the same phase change materials as example 1, and is all multi-component composite phase change materials, but the process of acid treatment and functional molecule modification is absent in example 8, and the drug release rate within 120h reaches 72%, which is comparable to the release rate of a single phase change material in example 4, example 5, example 9 and example 10, but is significantly higher than that of example 1, example 2 and example 3. Therefore, in the regulation and control process of the functional molecules on the multi-element composite phase-change material, phase separation which can occur in the multi-element composite phase-change material can be inhibited, so that the slow-release function of the carrier can be effectively regulated and controlled.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A medicine carrier based on lignin nanotubes is characterized by comprising the lignin nanotubes and a coating layer coated on the surface of the lignin nanotubes; the coating layer comprises functional molecules crosslinked with the lignin nanotubes and a phase change material.
2. The drug carrier of claim 1, wherein the lignin nanotubes are acidified and then linked to the functional molecule via an amide reaction.
3. The drug carrier of claim 2, wherein the functional molecule is tyrosine, histidine or cysteine.
4. The drug carrier of claim 1, wherein the phase change material is a single phase change material or a multiple composite phase change material.
5. The drug carrier of claim 4, wherein the phase change material is tetradecanol, lauric acid, or stearic acid.
6. The drug carrier of claim 4, wherein the phase change material comprises at least two of lauric acid, stearic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, behenic acid.
7. The drug carrier of claim 6, wherein the phase change material comprises lauric acid and palmitic acid.
8. The drug carrier of claim 1, wherein the lignin nanotubes are prepared by a method comprising:
adding lignin into water, then adding a cosolvent, finally adding an electrolyte, uniformly mixing, and dialyzing to obtain a lignin nanotube; or mixing cosolvent and water to form cosolvent aqueous solution, adding lignin into cosolvent aqueous solution, adding electrolyte, mixing, and dialyzing to obtain lignin nanotube;
wherein, the electrolyte is formed by the following anions and cations:
the cation being H + 、Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、Cu 2+ 、Fe 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Zn 2+ And Ag + Any one of the above;
the anion being Cl - 、Br - 、I - 、NO 3 - 、SO 4 2- 、HSO 4 - 、PO 4 3- 、HPO 4 2- 、HPO 3 2- 、OH - 、CO 3 2- And HCO 3 - Any one of them.
9. The method for preparing a drug carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the lignin nanotubes are acidified, functional molecules are added to the acidified lignin nanotubes to react with the acidified lignin nanotubes through an amide reaction, and then the phase change material is added.
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