CN114914662A - Antenna assembly, shell assembly and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module, including back lid, support and irradiator, back lid has the internal surface and the surface that carry on the back mutually, and the support has the installation face towards the internal surface, and the installation face is provided with the mounting groove, and the irradiator is located the mounting groove. Through setting up the irradiator in the mounting groove of installation face for the clearance increase between irradiator and the back lid makes no matter what kind of material is adopted to the back lid, obvious frequency deviation phenomenon also can not appear during irradiator radio frequency communication, makes the uniformity of electronic equipment when using the back lid of different materials better. In addition, this application embodiment still provides casing subassembly and electronic equipment.

Description

Antenna module, shell module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to an antenna assembly, a shell assembly and electronic equipment.

Background

In the related art, electronic devices such as mobile phones are equipped with antennas, and these antennas are used for implementing radio frequency communication with external devices or networks. These antennas are generally disposed on a side of the middle frame adjacent to the rear cover and radiate signals through the rear cover. In the related art, in order to differentiate the rear cover and meet the requirements of different users, the battery covers made of different materials, such as ceramic, glass, leather, etc., are generally required to be designed for the users to select in the current electronic devices such as mobile phones. The antenna is easily affected by the material of the rear cover when the antenna performs radio frequency communication through the rear cover, which is disadvantageous to the operation of the antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present application is to provide an antenna assembly, a housing assembly and an electronic device, so as to at least partially solve the above technical problems.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, including a rear cover, a support, and a radiator, where the rear cover has an inner surface and an outer surface that are opposite to each other, the support has a mounting surface facing the inner surface, the mounting surface is provided with a mounting groove, and the radiator is located in the mounting groove.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a housing assembly, including above-mentioned antenna assembly, center and preceding shell, the center includes medium plate and frame, the frame encloses the edge of locating the medium plate, the back lid assembles in the frame, the support sets up in one side of the medium plate towards the back lid, the back lid assembles in the frame, and preceding shell and back lid are located the both sides that carry on the back mutually of medium plate.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned housing assembly.

The antenna module, the shell assembly and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application enable the gap between the radiator and the rear cover to be increased by arranging the radiator in the mounting groove of the mounting surface, enable the radiator to be free from obvious frequency deviation during radio frequency communication no matter what material the rear cover is made of, and enable the consistency of the electronic equipment to be better when the rear cover made of different materials is used.

These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a graph showing a scattering curve of a related art radiator covered by a rear cover made of different materials.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a structure of the electronic apparatus shown in fig. 2 in a state where the rear cover is removed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing assembly in the electronic device shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an assembly structure diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a scattering diagram of a radiator when a rear cover made of different materials is used in an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is an assembly structure diagram of another antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an assembly structure diagram of another antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of another antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is an assembly structure schematic diagram of still another antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the figures, are used merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Non-metallic materials such as ceramic, glass, leather, etc. are increasingly used to manufacture the rear cover (also called battery cover) of electronic equipment, and these non-metallic materials have good appearance and are popular with consumers. Meanwhile, the antenna is an indispensable component of the electronic device, and in the related art, the antenna is usually disposed inside the electronic device and covered by the rear cover, so that the antenna is affected by the rear cover in the working process. At 5GHz or less, the dielectric constant of glass is about 6, the dielectric constant of ceramic is about 30, and the dielectric constant of leather is about 4. Under the cover of the rear cover with different dielectric constants, frequency shift can occur in the working process of the antenna.

Taking an LDS stent antenna as an example, fig. 1 shows a back cover made of ceramic and leather 2 materials, and the LDS stent antenna has a frequency deviation degree in an N78 frequency band, where a curve 1 represents a frequency curve of the back cover made of the leather material, a curve 2 represents a frequency curve of the back cover made of the ceramic material, an abscissa represents frequency, and an ordinate represents gain intensity, and a difference between resonance frequencies of the two is about 80 MHz. The glass material has a dielectric constant close to that of the leather material, so that the frequency shift is not obvious. This leads to a problem that when the same electronic device is designed with rear covers of various materials, electronic devices using different rear covers may have a large frequency offset problem, the consistency is poor, and inconvenience is caused to the use of the user.

Meanwhile, in the process of assembling the bracket antenna and the rear cover, assembly tolerance exists, the distance between the antenna and the rear cover is not fixed, and poor performance consistency of the antenna can be caused. Based on this, the inventors of the present application have made a long-term study and have proposed an antenna assembly, a case assembly, and an electronic device, so that the radiator can have good frequency uniformity when operating regardless of the material of the rear cover.

The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments thereof.

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an electronic device 10, where the electronic device 10 in the present application may be a mobile phone or a smart phone (e.g., an iPhone-based phone), a Portable game device (e.g., Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable, game Advance, iPhone), a laptop, a PDA, a Portable internet device, a music player, and a data storage device, other handheld devices, and a head-mounted device (HMD) such as a watch, an earphone, a pendant, an earphone, etc., and the electronic device 10 may also be other wearable devices (e.g., an electronic glasses, an electronic garment, an electronic bracelet, an electronic necklace, an electronic tattoo, the electronic device 10, or a smart watch).

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3 together, the electronic device 10 provided in the present embodiment is described by taking a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 10 includes a housing assembly 20, a display 30, a motherboard 50, a battery 40, and the like, wherein the motherboard 50 and the battery 40 are disposed in the housing assembly 20. The electronic device 10 may also be provided with a front-facing camera disposed on the side of the electronic device 10 on which the display screen 30 is disposed.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the housing assembly 20 includes an antenna assembly 24, a middle frame 21 and a front housing 25, as shown in fig. 4, the antenna assembly 24 includes a rear cover 26, a support 100 and a radiator 200, wherein the radiator 200 is used for radio frequency communication with an external device or a network, and the support 100 may be fixed to the middle frame 21.

Referring to fig. 3, a battery 40 is disposed in the middle frame 21 and is used for supplying power to the antenna assembly 24 and the display screen 30. The Display screen 30 is mounted on the front case 25, the Display screen 30 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen for displaying information, and the LCD screen may be a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) screen or an In-Plane Switching (IPS) screen or a Liquid Crystal Display (SLCD) screen. In other embodiments, the display screen 30 may adopt an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting display) screen for displaying information, and the OLED screen may be an AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) screen or a Super AMOLED (Super Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) screen or a Super AMOLED Plus (Super Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode, smart screen), which will not be described herein again.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the middle frame 21 includes a middle plate 22 and a frame 23, the frame 23 is disposed around the edge of the middle plate 22, and the frame is made of a non-metal material such as plastic. The frame 23 protrudes from the middle plate 22, and the frame 23 protrudes from the middle plate 22 on both sides of the middle plate 22 opposite to each other. The front shell 25 and the rear cover 26 are respectively assembled on two opposite sides of the middle plate 22, and the front shell 25 and the rear cover 26 are fixedly assembled with the frame 23; the rear cover 26, the middle frame 21 and the front shell 25 together form a cavity, the main board 50 is disposed in the cavity and fixed on the middle plate 22, and the cavity may be provided with various other components such as a rear camera, an antenna, a processor, etc.

The middle frame 21 may be an integral middle frame structure, wherein the frame 23 and the middle plate 22 may be integrally formed, so that the middle frame 21 has sufficient structural strength. The middle plate 22 may be made of a metal material, and is not limited herein. For example, in a more specific embodiment, the middle plate 22 may be made of a metal plate made of magnesium alloy, and the frame 23 may be made of plastic, and is injection-molded on the substrate to form the integrated middle frame 21. In other embodiments, the middle plate 2 and the frame 23 may be made of plastic or metal.

With continued reference to fig. 4, the middle plate 22 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, and the first side and the second side are located in the thickness direction of the electronic device 10, wherein the front shell 25 is mounted on the first side of the middle plate 22, and the rear cover 26 is mounted on the second side of the middle plate 22. The frame 23 is connected to an edge of the middle plate 22 and extends toward both the first side and the second side of the middle plate 22, the frame 23 has an inner side surface, which may be enclosed into a ring shape, and the middle plate 22 is connected to the inner side surface of the frame 23, i.e., the inner side surface is disposed around the middle plate 22.

As shown in fig. 5, the rear cover 26 has an inner surface 261 and an outer surface 262 opposite to each other, wherein the outer surface 262 may be a part of an external appearance surface of the electronic device, the inner surface 261 faces the middle plate 22, and the rear cover 26 may further be provided with a camera mounting hole 27 (shown in fig. 4), and the camera mounting hole 27 penetrates through the inner surface 261 and the outer surface 262.

Referring to fig. 5, the support 100 is used for disposing the radiator 200 for routing the radiator 200, in one embodiment, the support 100 is disposed on a surface of the middle plate 22 facing the rear cover 26 and fixed on the middle plate 22, and the support 100 may be disposed near a frame to avoid interference with other electronic components in the electronic device. It is understood that the support 100 and the radiator 200 may be one or more, and are not particularly limited herein. The bracket 100 may be configured in any shape according to design requirements, such as a plate-shaped structure, a bent structure, and the like. In this embodiment, the bracket 100 has a mounting surface 110 facing the inner surface 261 of the rear cover 26, the mounting surface 110 is provided with a mounting groove 120, an opening direction of the mounting groove 120 faces the inner surface 261 of the rear cover 26, and the mounting groove 120 is used for disposing the radiator 200, so that an opening position of the mounting groove 120 coincides with a design position of the radiator 200. The bracket 100 also includes a bottom wall and side walls defining a mounting slot 120.

During assembly, there is a space between the mounting surface 110 of the bracket 100 and the inner surface 261 of the rear cover 26, which is typically 0.1mm to 0.2mm due to assembly tolerances during assembly, and by providing the mounting groove 120, the distance between the bottom wall of the mounting groove 120 and the rear cover 26 can be widened. The mounting groove 120 may be formed by cutting or milling the bracket 100, or may be integrally formed when the bracket 100 is manufactured, which is not limited herein. The support 100 may be made of an insulating plastic material to electrically insulate the support 100 from the radiator 200.

The radiator 200 is used for communication, and specifically, is used for transmitting a wireless signal to the outside or receiving a wireless signal transmitted by another electronic device 10. The radiator 200 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency antenna, a bluetooth antenna, a wireless fidelity antenna (WiFi), a GPS antenna, etc. Various electronic components can be disposed on the main board 50, including but not limited to a processor, a memory, an antenna module, a speaker, a receiver, etc., and are not limited herein. The main board 50 may be provided with pads (not shown), and the electronic components are connected to the circuits on the main board 50 by soldering to the pads. In this embodiment, the board 50 is provided with an antenna circuit, and the antenna circuit is electrically connected to the radiator 200 to feed power to the radiator 200 or receive signals from the radiator 200. The radiator 200 may be an LDS radiator or an FPC radiator, which is not limited herein.

The LDS radiator is a radiator 200 directly formed by chemical plating on the support 100 by using a laser technology. The FPC radiator is a radiator 200 formed by a flexible circuit board.

The radiator 200 is installed in the installation groove 120, and the radiator 200 does not protrude from the installation surface 110, so that the distance between the radiator 200 and the rear cover 26 is greater than the distance between the installation surface 110 and the rear cover 26, which is equivalent to enlarging the distance between the radiator 200 and the rear cover 26 by opening the installation groove 120, and the influence of the rear cover 26 on the antenna performance of the radiator 200 can be reduced by enlarging the distance between the radiator 200 and the rear cover 26. In this way, regardless of the material used for the back cover 26, the frequency offset is reduced during operation of the radiator 200, and the uniformity of performance of the radiator 200 can be improved between different back covers 26.

Fig. 6 shows a scattering curve of the radiator 200 of the antenna assembly 24 provided in the present embodiment when the rear cover 26 made of ceramic and leather is used, wherein curve 2 represents a frequency curve of the rear cover 26 made of leather, curve 1 represents a frequency curve of the rear cover 26 made of ceramic, the abscissa represents frequency, and the ordinate represents gain intensity. The two resonant frequencies differ by about 10 MHz. With reference to fig. 6 and fig. 1, it can be seen that in the present embodiment, the mounting groove 120 is formed in the mounting surface 110 of the bracket 100, and the radiator 200 is disposed in the mounting groove 120, so that the influence of the material of the rear cover 26 on the radiation performance of the radiator 200 is reduced, the frequency forward shift amount of the radiator 200 is significantly reduced under the coverage of the rear cover 26 made of different materials, and the radiation uniformity of the antenna assembly 24 is improved.

In order to further improve the uniformity of the antenna assembly 24 and the radiation uniformity of the antenna assembly 24, the gap between the radiator 200 and the inner surface 261 of the rear cover 26 may be increased, for example, the width of the gap, which is the width of the gap in the direction perpendicular to the mounting surface 110, is set to be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm. A larger gap may significantly reduce the radiation performance impact of the back cover 26 on the radiator 200, but an excessive gap may result in an increased thickness dimension of the electronic device 10. Therefore, the gap may be preferably 0.3mm or more and 0.4mm or less. Of course, in other embodiments, the size of the gap may have other values, and is not limited herein.

The depth of the mounting groove 120 may be set to 0.1mm to 0.2mm, for example, wherein the depth of the mounting groove 120 refers to the depth dimension of the mounting groove 120 in the direction perpendicular to the mounting surface 110, that is, the dimension perpendicular to the bottom wall. So as to ensure that the radiator 200 does not protrude from the mounting surface 110 when the radiator 200 is mounted in the mounting groove 120, and a proper gap width is provided between the radiator 200 and the inner surface 261 of the rear cover 26. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the depth of the mounting groove 120 may also be other values, and is not limited herein. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the mounting groove 120 can be opened, i.e. the included angle formed between the side wall and the bottom wall is greater than 90 °, which is advantageous in that: since the mounting groove 120 is open, shielding of the radiator 200 in all directions is reduced when radiation is performed, so that radiation performance is improved, and the amount of frequency offset generated correspondingly is reduced. The included angle formed between the side wall and the bottom wall may be, for example, 110 ° to 135 °, and is not particularly limited herein.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the rear cover 26 includes a leather layer 263 and a glass fiber board layer 264, the leather layer 263 is disposed on a surface of the glass fiber board layer 264 far away from the bracket 100, the inner surface 261 is formed on the glass fiber board layer 264, the leather layer 263 is located on an outer side of the rear cover 26, and the outer surface 262 is formed on the leather layer 263 as an appearance surface of the rear cover 26. The fiberglass ply 264 has a dielectric constant greater than or equal to the dielectric constant of the leather ply 263. Through setting up glass fiber board layer 264 for the dielectric constant of whole back lid 26 compares in solitary leather layer 263 increase, can reduce the dielectric constant difference between the back lid 26 that adopts the leather material and the back lid 26 of ceramic material, and then reduces both and to the radiation influence of irradiator 200 behind lid 26 after forming, improves the antenna performance uniformity between the back lid 26 of different materials. As a more specific embodiment, the glass fiber plate layer 264 may be L-shaped glass fiber, and the L-shaped glass fiber has a larger dielectric constant, which is more beneficial to improve the consistency of the antenna performance between the rear covers 26 made of different materials.

When the glass fiber layer 264 is used, a gap is formed between the glass fiber layer 264 and the radiator 200. To further improve the uniformity of antenna performance between backshells 26 of different materials. As shown in fig. 9, in an embodiment, a filling medium layer 268 may be further disposed in the gap, and the dielectric constant of the filling medium layer 268 is greater than or equal to the dielectric constant of the glass fiber board layer 264, so that the equivalent dielectric constant of the whole rear cover 26 is increased, and the uniformity of the antenna performance between the rear covers 26 made of different materials may be further improved. The filling medium layer 268 may be made of, for example, ceramic, alumina, etc., and is not limited herein.

The filling dielectric layer 268 may be disposed on a surface of the glass fiber layer 264 away from the leather layer 263, and the thickness of the filling dielectric layer 268 may be smaller than the interval between the mounting surface 110 and the glass fiber layer 264, i.e., the filling dielectric layer 268 and the mounting surface 110 have an interval therebetween. This arrangement allows a margin to be left during assembly, thereby preventing the rear cover 26 from directly contacting or interfering with the bracket 100, and facilitating subsequent assembly.

The dielectric constant is a main parameter reflecting the dielectric property or polarization property of the dielectric medium of the piezoelectric intelligent material under the action of an electrostatic field.

Referring to fig. 10, in another embodiment, the back cover 26 includes a ceramic layer 265 and a dielectric layer 266, the ceramic layer 265 is disposed on a side of the dielectric layer 266 away from the support 100, the inner surface 261 is formed on the dielectric layer 266, i.e., the dielectric layer 266 is disposed on a side of the ceramic layer 265 adjacent to the support 100 and the radiator 200, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 266 is less than the dielectric constant of the ceramic layer 265. By providing the dielectric layer 266, the dielectric constant of the entire rear cover 26 is reduced compared to that of the single ceramic layer 265, so that the dielectric constant difference between the rear cover 26 made of leather and the rear cover 26 made of ceramic can be reduced, the radiation influence of the rear cover 26 on the radiator 200 after the rear cover 26 is formed is further reduced, and the antenna performance consistency between the rear covers 26 made of different materials is improved.

The dielectric layer 266 may be made of glass fiber, glass, etc., and is not limited herein. And dielectric layer 266 may have a thickness less than the spacing between mounting surface 110 and ceramic layer 265, i.e., dielectric layer 266 is spaced from mounting surface 110. This arrangement allows a margin to be left during assembly, thereby preventing the rear cover 26 from directly contacting or interfering with the bracket 100, and facilitating subsequent assembly.

The antenna assembly 24 provided by the embodiment, through set up mounting groove 120 on support 100, make the irradiator 200 can be located in mounting groove 120 when the installation, and then enlarge the interval between irradiator 200 and the back lid 26, reduce the influence of back lid 26 to the irradiator 200 during operation, avoided irradiator 200 great frequency offset phenomenon to appear when radiating, even consequently, the back lid 26 of multiple different materials of same electronic equipment design, adopt arbitrary back lid 26, can not produce great adverse effect to the antenna performance of irradiator 200 yet, improve the uniformity of the antenna performance of electronic equipment 10, the user when selecting, only need according to self to the preference of material select can, do not need worry antenna performance.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. An antenna assembly, comprising:

a rear cover having opposing inner and outer surfaces;

a bracket having a mounting surface facing the inner surface, the mounting surface being provided with a mounting slot; and

the radiator is located in the mounting groove.

2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the radiator has a gap with the inner surface, the gap being greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.

3. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein a spacing between the mounting surface and the inner surface is 0.1mm-0.2 mm.

4. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the mounting slot has a depth of 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.

5. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the opening of the mounting slot is open.

6. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the radiator is an LDS radiator or an FPC radiator.

7. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the rear cover comprises a leather layer and a fiberglass board layer, the leather layer is disposed on a surface of the fiberglass board layer away from the bracket, the inner surface is formed on the fiberglass board layer, and a dielectric constant of the fiberglass board layer is greater than or equal to a dielectric constant of the leather layer.

8. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein a gap is formed between the fiberglass board layer and the radiator, and a dielectric filler layer is disposed within the gap, the dielectric filler layer having a dielectric constant greater than or equal to a dielectric constant of the fiberglass board layer.

9. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the back cover includes a ceramic layer and a dielectric layer, the ceramic layer being disposed on a side of the dielectric layer remote from the standoff, the inner surface being formed in the dielectric layer, the dielectric layer having a dielectric constant less than a dielectric constant of the ceramic layer.

10. A housing assembly, comprising:

an antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-9;

the middle frame comprises a middle plate and a frame, the frame is arranged around the edge of the middle plate, the rear cover is assembled on the frame, and the support is arranged on one side of the middle plate, which faces the rear cover; and

the front shell, the back lid assemble in the frame, just the front shell with the back lid is located the both sides that back on the back of the body of medium plate.

11. An electronic device comprising the housing assembly of claim 10.

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