CN114910044A - Method for measuring deformation of flexural member and portable dynamic real-time monitoring device - Google Patents

Method for measuring deformation of flexural member and portable dynamic real-time monitoring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114910044A
CN114910044A CN202210345467.4A CN202210345467A CN114910044A CN 114910044 A CN114910044 A CN 114910044A CN 202210345467 A CN202210345467 A CN 202210345467A CN 114910044 A CN114910044 A CN 114910044A
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Prior art keywords
flexural member
deformation
angle sensor
inclination angle
flexural
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王晋
王世哲
屈浩浩
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Zhejiang Ruibangkete Testing Co ltd
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Zhejiang Ruibangkete Testing Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08CTRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic monitoring technology, and provides a method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member and a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, wherein the method is suitable for the deformation measurement of the flexural member made of homogeneous materials, and comprises the following steps: (1) arranging the placement positions and the number of the inclination angle sensors according to the characteristics of the bent members; (2) selecting a fixing mode of the tilt angle sensor according to the actual characteristics and the measurement requirements of the bent member; (3) and calculating the deflection of the bent member and fitting the integral deformation curve chart of the bent member according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the distance of the end point of the bent member. The invention does not need to set up a bracket or a fixed point, is not influenced by illumination environment and field environment, and realizes all-weather real-time observation; the invention can realize high-speed real-time sampling and data processing analysis; the invention can be used as remote dynamic monitoring equipment, and the measured data can be stored locally or uploaded to the cloud, thereby realizing remote dynamic observation and early warning.

Description

Method for measuring deformation of flexural member and portable dynamic real-time monitoring device
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring technology, in particular to a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device and a measuring method for measuring deformation of a flexural member.
Background
The deformation of the flexural member is an important parameter for reflecting the stress condition and representation of a structure in the field of engineering structures, the deformation measurement is taken as a necessary parameter for testing and monitoring the bearing capacity of the structural flexural member, the deformation measurement is widely applied in the practical process of engineering detection and monitoring, and the deformation monitoring means of the beam/plate/column flexural member and the like generally adopt a dial indicator, a displacement meter or an optical measurement (such as a level, a total station and the like) mode at present.
The traditional method is limited by a fixed reference point or sight line and sight distance, has large limitation on site test conditions, takes more time and cost, and cannot meet certain specific test targets or high-frequency and remote acquisition requirements; for example, a dial indicator or a displacement meter is adopted to measure a fixed end point or a reliable support, one end of the dial indicator or the displacement meter is installed at a reliable branch point, deformation data of the flexural member is obtained by measuring the change of the relative distance between the flexural member and the fixed end point, a support is generally adopted, and the consumed time and the cost before detection are high;
for example, when leveling measurement or laser measurement is adopted, the measurement is affected by the field visible environment, the problem of view distance shielding cannot be overcome, the measurement accuracy is affected by the view distance and the field illumination condition, and the measurement accuracy is directly affected by too far distance, too bright and too dark, even the observation feasibility. In addition, optical measurement data, especially leveling, needs to be calculated for a long time to obtain a deformation result, which is not favorable for real-time monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device and a portable dynamic real-time monitoring method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, which is suitable for deformation measurement of a flexural member of homogeneous material, and includes:
(1) arranging the placement positions and the number of the inclination angle sensors according to the characteristics of the bent members;
(2) selecting a fixing mode of the tilt angle sensor according to the actual characteristics and the measurement requirements of the bent member;
(3) and calculating the deflection of the bent member and fitting the integral deformation curve chart of the bent member according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the distance of the end point of the bent member.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, where in step (3), the method for specifically measuring deflection of the flexural member includes:
when the measurement direction of the flexural member is the cantilever flexural member:
the cantilever bending member is provided with at least one inclination angle sensor which respectively measures the deflection of the bending member generated by the corresponding placing point of each inclination angle sensor;
setting the distance between the measuring point of the sensor for measuring the upper inclination angle of the cantilever flexural member and the fixed end as L ', the variable quantity of the measured angle after deformation as a', calculating the deflection x of the flexural member as,
x=L’·tan(a’);
when the measurement direction of the flexural member is two ends of the fixed support:
the distances between the position of the tilt angle sensor and the two end points of the flexural member are set to be L respectively 1 And L 2 Wherein L is L 1 +L 2 L is the total length of the flexural member and is the distance L from the inclination angle sensor to the end point of the flexural member on the nearer side 1 (ii) a Obtaining the angle variation quantity as the variation quantity alpha of the included angle between the tangent of the deformation curve at the measuring point and the tangent of the original position by the tilt angle sensor, wherein alpha is alpha 21 ;α 1 Is an initial tilt angle measurement, α 2 Is a post-deformation dip measurement;
establishing coordinate axis with the longitudinal axis of the flexural member as x-axis and the central perpendicular line as y-axis, and setting the coordinates of circle center (0, y) 0 ) The initial tilt sensor coordinate is (L/2-L) 1 0), transmission of deformation caster angleThe sensor coordinate is (L/2-L) 1 Y) because the flexural member is a homogeneous material and bends and deforms downwards, the ordinate y of the circle center 0 The value of the longitudinal coordinate y of the deformation rear inclination angle sensor is constant to be a positive value, and the value of the longitudinal coordinate y of the deformation rear inclination angle sensor is constant to be a negative value;
equations 1 and 2 are established from the trigonometric function, and the ordinate y of the deformation caster sensor is solved:
Figure BDA0003576378370000031
to obtain:
Figure BDA0003576378370000032
Figure BDA0003576378370000033
and the ordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is the vertical distance from the position of the deformation back inclination angle sensor to the original axis of the flexural member, namely the flexural value of the flexural member.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member, where the fixing includes fixing directly to the flexural member or mounting the sensor by a bracket that can adjust the direction.
At least one embodiment of the disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, and the fixing mode of the bracket with adjustable direction and the flexural member comprises gluing, anchoring or welding.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a bent member, where the tilt sensor is a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt sensor.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, which employs the above-mentioned method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, and includes:
the inclination angle sensor: the device is used for measuring nodes, adopts a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt angle sensor and is packaged in a protection way;
the acquisition device: the device is used for signal acquisition, a usb wired direct connection module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wifi module are arranged in the acquisition device, and the acquisition device is adapted to different signal transmission modes;
data power line: data transmission among the measurement nodes and between the measurement nodes and the acquisition end is carried out in a 485 series mode, and the data transmission is used as a power supply line;
adapting a power supply: an alternating current to direct current power supply or a direct current power supply is adopted;
a mobile terminal: the system is used for data processing, display, early warning and report production;
the acquisition device wirelessly or wiredly acquires data measured by the inclination angle sensor and transmits the data to the mobile terminal through a data power line, and finally the mobile terminal calculates the deflection of the flexural member and fits the integral deformation curve of the flexural member.
When the scheme is adopted for measurement, the flexural member needs to be ensured to be a homogeneous object, the flexural member can be deformed uniformly when being bent, and the deformation is approximate to an arc of a circle with the center of the circle on the extension line of the center of the flexural member; the positions of the supports on the two sides before and after being stressed are unchanged in the measuring process; the position of the tilt sensor is constant on the built yoz coordinate plane, and the deformation outside the coordinate plane is not considered.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention does not need to set up a bracket or a fixed point, is not influenced by the illumination environment and the field environment, and realizes all-weather real-time observation;
(2) the invention can realize high-speed real-time sampling and data processing analysis;
(3) the invention can be used as remote dynamic monitoring equipment, and the measured data can be stored locally or uploaded to the cloud, thereby realizing remote dynamic observation and early warning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a measurement method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flexural member before and after deformation when the measurement direction is the cantilever flexural member of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flexural member before and after deformation in the case where the support is fixed at both ends in the measurement direction according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the measurement axis direction under the constraint of the non-member as a whole according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic real-time monitoring device of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of a deformed flexural member of this invention with the approximate center of the circle in extension of the flexural member center.
Fig. 7 is a layout diagram of a tilt sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a deformation plot fitted by a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the embodiments are only specific illustrations of the invention, and should not be considered as limitations of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, which is suitable for deformation measurement of a flexural member of a homogeneous material, and includes:
s1, arranging the placement positions and the number of the inclination angle sensors according to the characteristics of the bent members;
s2, selecting a fixing mode of the tilt angle sensor according to the actual characteristics and the measurement requirements of the bent member;
the tilt angle sensor is a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt angle sensor.
The fixing mode of the tilt angle sensor comprises gluing, anchoring or welding.
S3, calculating the deflection of the flexural member and fitting the integral deformation curve chart of the flexural member according to the angle change of the tilt angle sensor and the relative end point distance of the flexural member;
as shown in fig. 2, when the flexural member measurement direction is the cantilever flexural member:
the cantilever bending member is provided with at least one inclination angle sensor which respectively measures the deflection of the bending member generated by the corresponding placing point of each inclination angle sensor;
setting the distance between a measuring point arranged on a sensor for measuring the upper inclination angle of the cantilever flexural member and a fixed end as L ', the variable quantity of the measuring angle after deformation as a', calculating the deflection x of the flexural member as,
x=L’·tan(a’);
as shown in fig. 3, when the measurement direction of the flexural member is two ends of the fixed support:
the distances between the position of the tilt angle sensor and the two end points of the flexural member are set to be L respectively 1 And L 2 Wherein L is L 1 +L 2 L is the total length of the flexural member, and the distance L from the inclination angle sensor to the end point of the flexural member at the closer side 1 (ii) a Obtaining the angle variation as the variation alpha of the included angle between the tangent of the deformation curve at the measuring point and the tangent of the original position by the tilt angle sensor, wherein alpha is alpha 21 ;α 1 Is an initial tilt angle measurement, α 2 Is a post-deformation dip measurement;
establishing coordinate axis with the longitudinal axis of the flexural member as x-axis and the central perpendicular line as y-axis, and setting the coordinates of circle center (0, y) 0 ) The initial tilt sensor A has a coordinate of (L/2-L) 1 0), the coordinate of the deformation caster angle sensor A' is (L/2-L) 1 Y) because the flexural member is a homogeneous material and is bent and deformed downwards, the ordinate y of the circle center 0 The value is constant positive, and the longitudinal coordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is constant negative;
equations 1 and 2 are established from the trigonometric function, and the ordinate y of the deformation caster sensor is solved:
Figure BDA0003576378370000071
to obtain:
Figure BDA0003576378370000072
Figure BDA0003576378370000073
and the vertical coordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is the vertical distance from the position of the deformation back inclination angle sensor to the original axis of the bent member, namely the bending value of the bent member.
Preferably, the measurement direction of the flexural member refers to the constrained state of the two end points of the member in the selected measurement axis direction, and there are only two-end constraint or one-end constraint and the other-end constraint condition, but not the constraint condition of the whole member, such as a plate member with two fixed ends, the selected measurement axis direction z1 may be two fixed ends, and the measurement axis direction z2 may be one fixed end and one free end (overhanging), as shown in fig. 4, the measurement method can also be solved by adopting the above two schemes, wherein the dashed line refers to the measurement axis, and the solid line represents the actual measured length along the axis direction.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, which employs the above-mentioned method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, and includes:
inclination angle sensor 1: the device is used for measuring nodes, adopts a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt angle sensor and is packaged in a protection way;
the collection device 2: the wireless signal acquisition device is used for signal acquisition, a usb wired direct connection module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wifi module 21 are arranged in the acquisition device, and the wireless signal acquisition device is adaptive to different signal transmission modes;
data power line: data transmission among the measurement nodes and between the measurement nodes and the acquisition end is carried out in a 485 series mode, and the data transmission is used as a power supply line;
and (3) adapting the power supply: an alternating current to direct current power supply or a direct current power supply is adopted;
the mobile terminal 4: the system is used for data processing, display, early warning and report production;
a plurality of inclination angle sensors 1 are arranged on the bent member, the data measured by the inclination angle sensors 1 are acquired by the acquisition device 2 in a wireless or wired mode and transmitted to the mobile terminal 4 through a data power line, and finally the deflection of the bent member is calculated by the mobile terminal 4 and the integral deformation curve of the bent member is fitted.
As shown in fig. 6, when the measurement is performed by adopting the scheme, it needs to be ensured that the flexural member is a homogeneous object, the flexural member can be deformed uniformly by bending, and the deformation is approximately an arc of a circle with a center on the extension line of the center of the flexural member; assuming that the inclination angle sensor is placed at the position A of the bent member, along with the increasing of the stress, the inclination angle sensor is placed at the position B or the position C or the position D or the position E of the bent member after deformation, and the center of the deformed bent member is approximately on the central extension line of the bent member; the positions of the supports on the two sides before and after being stressed are unchanged in the measuring process; the position of the tilt sensor is constant on the built yoz coordinate plane, and the deformation outside the coordinate plane is not considered.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
taking the measurement direction of a bent member as an example when the two ends of the bent member are fixedly supported, 6 inclination angle sensors are arranged in a certain measurement direction of a certain bent member, wherein the sensors are respectively a sensor 1#, a sensor 2#, a sensor 3#, a sensor 4#, a sensor 5# and a sensor 6, the initial state of the member is shown in figure 7, the distance from the position of the inclination angle sensor to the end point of the bent member is measured after the member is deformed, and the distance from the position of the inclination angle sensor to the end point of the bent member is respectively L 1 -L 6 And the amount of angular change (not shown), the ordinate y1-y6 of the caster sensor is calculated, and a deformation curve S is obtained by fitting, as shown in fig. 8.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

Claims (6)

1. A method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member, characterized in that it is suitable for the deformation measurement of a flexural member of homogeneous material, comprising:
(1) arranging the placement positions and the number of the inclination angle sensors according to the characteristics of the bent members;
(2) selecting a fixing mode of the tilt angle sensor according to the actual characteristics and the measurement requirements of the bent member;
(3) and calculating the deflection of the flexural member and fitting the integral deformation curve chart of the flexural member according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the relative end point distance of the flexural member.
2. A method for measuring deflection of a flexural member according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), the flexural member deflection is measured by:
when the measurement direction of the flexural member is the cantilever flexural member:
the cantilever bending member is provided with at least one inclination angle sensor which respectively measures the deflection of the bending member generated by the corresponding placing point of each inclination angle sensor;
setting the distance between a measuring point arranged on a sensor for measuring the upper inclination angle of the cantilever flexural member and a fixed end as L ', the variable quantity of the measuring angle after deformation as a', calculating the deflection x of the flexural member as,
x=L’·tan(a’);
when the measurement direction of the flexural member is two ends of the fixed support:
the distances between the position of the tilt angle sensor and the two end points of the flexural member are set to be L respectively 1 And L 2 Wherein L is L 1 +L 2 L is the total length of the flexural member and is the distance L from the inclination angle sensor to the end point of the flexural member on the nearer side 1 (ii) a Obtaining the angle variation quantity as the variation quantity alpha of the included angle between the tangent of the deformation curve at the measuring point and the tangent of the original position by the tilt angle sensor, wherein alpha is alpha 21 ;α 1 Is an initial tilt angle measurement, α 2 Is a post-deformation dip measurement;
establishing coordinate axis with the longitudinal axis of the flexural member as x-axis and the central perpendicular line as y-axis, and setting the coordinates of circle center (0, y) 0 ) The initial tilt sensor coordinate is (L/2-L) 1 0), the deformation caster sensor coordinate is (L/2-L) 1 Y) because the flexural member is a homogeneous material and is bent and deformed downwards, the ordinate y of the circle center 0 The value of the longitudinal coordinate y of the deformation rear inclination angle sensor is constant to be a positive value, and the value of the longitudinal coordinate y of the deformation rear inclination angle sensor is constant to be a negative value;
equations 1 and 2 are established from the trigonometric function, and the ordinate y of the deformation caster sensor is solved:
Figure FDA0003576378360000021
to obtain:
Figure FDA0003576378360000022
Figure FDA0003576378360000023
and the ordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is the vertical distance from the position of the deformation back inclination angle sensor to the original axis of the flexural member, namely the flexural value of the flexural member.
3. A method of measuring deflection of a flexural member according to claim 1 where the attachment means includes direct attachment to the flexural member or by adjustable orientation brackets to mount the sensor.
4. A method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing manner of the adjustable-orientation bracket and the flexural member comprises gluing, anchoring or welding.
5. A method of measuring deformation of a flexural member according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilt sensor is a single-axis or multi-axis high precision tilt sensor.
6. A portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, wherein the device adopts a method for measuring the deformation of a flexural member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
an inclination angle sensor: the device is used for measuring nodes, adopts a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt angle sensor and is packaged in a protection way;
the acquisition device: the system is used for signal acquisition, a usb wired direct connection module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wifi module are arranged in the acquisition device, and the acquisition device is adaptive to different signal transmission modes;
data power line: data transmission among the measurement nodes and between the measurement nodes and the acquisition end is carried out in a 485 series mode, and the data transmission is used as a power supply line;
adapting a power supply: an alternating current to direct current power supply or a direct current power supply is adopted;
a mobile terminal: the system is used for data processing, display, early warning and report production;
the acquisition device acquires data measured by the inclination angle sensor wirelessly or in a wired mode and transmits the data to the mobile terminal through a data power line, and finally the mobile terminal calculates the deflection of the flexural member and fits the integral deformation curve of the flexural member.
CN202210345467.4A 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 Method for measuring deformation of flexural member and portable dynamic real-time monitoring device Pending CN114910044A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105067206A (en) * 2015-07-16 2015-11-18 长安大学 Measuring apparatus and method for flexibility line shape of bridge structure
US20180180464A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Module with sensors arrangement
CN109060279A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-21 华南理工大学 A kind of error analysis method of obliquity sensor measurement deflection of bridge span
CN110132221A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-16 华南理工大学 The Measurement Methods Of Bridge Deflection of synchronization process after more asynchronous acquisitions of obliquity sensor
CN110319808A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-10-11 华南理工大学 Obliquity sensor measures long-span arch bridge change of arch costal shape accuracy prediction and appraisal procedure
CN110608862A (en) * 2019-06-05 2019-12-24 广东汇涛工程科技有限公司 Method for measuring dynamic mean deflection of bridge through tilt angle sensor
CN111964638A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-11-20 同恩(上海)工程技术有限公司 Deflection monitoring method and system based on fitting inversion mode

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105067206A (en) * 2015-07-16 2015-11-18 长安大学 Measuring apparatus and method for flexibility line shape of bridge structure
US20180180464A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Module with sensors arrangement
CN109060279A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-21 华南理工大学 A kind of error analysis method of obliquity sensor measurement deflection of bridge span
CN110132221A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-16 华南理工大学 The Measurement Methods Of Bridge Deflection of synchronization process after more asynchronous acquisitions of obliquity sensor
CN110608862A (en) * 2019-06-05 2019-12-24 广东汇涛工程科技有限公司 Method for measuring dynamic mean deflection of bridge through tilt angle sensor
CN110319808A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-10-11 华南理工大学 Obliquity sensor measures long-span arch bridge change of arch costal shape accuracy prediction and appraisal procedure
CN111964638A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-11-20 同恩(上海)工程技术有限公司 Deflection monitoring method and system based on fitting inversion mode

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