CN114908818B - Foundation pit deformation observation device - Google Patents
Foundation pit deformation observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114908818B CN114908818B CN202210606028.4A CN202210606028A CN114908818B CN 114908818 B CN114908818 B CN 114908818B CN 202210606028 A CN202210606028 A CN 202210606028A CN 114908818 B CN114908818 B CN 114908818B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a foundation pit deformation observation device which comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein each observation unit comprises a shell and a plurality of measurement mechanisms, a plurality of through holes are formed in the surface, facing the side wall of a foundation pit, of the shell, a connecting rod and a fixed pulley are arranged on the shell, each measurement mechanism comprises a support, a hanging wire, a liquid storage cylinder and a measurement pipe, the supports are connected to the side wall of the foundation pit, the other ends of the supports are close to the through holes and are rotatably connected with movable pulleys, the upper ends of the hanging wires are connected to the top surface in the shell, the lower ends of the hanging wires form pulley blocks by bypassing the movable pulleys and the fixed pulleys on the corresponding supports, the lower ends of the hanging wires are connected with counterweight pistons, the counterweight pistons penetrate into the upper parts of the corresponding liquid storage cylinders, the measurement pipes are communicated with the lower ends of the liquid storage cylinders, floaters are arranged in the measurement pipes, the liquid storage cylinders and the measurement pipes form communicating vessels, and the spaces between the floaters and the counterweight pistons in the communicating vessels are filled with water. The invention can accurately measure the deformation mode of the foundation pit and the deformation of each part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit deformation observation, in particular to a foundation pit deformation observation device.
Background
Most of foundation pit engineering excavation depth exceeds 5m or more than three layers (including three layers) of basement, or the depth does not exceed 5m, but geological conditions, surrounding environment, underground pipelines and complex engineering thereof are systematic engineering related to social safety and building engineering quality safety, middle-high-rise and high-rise buildings of urban construction are continuously emerged, the urban foundation pit engineering is developed to large depth and large area, the technical complexity is higher and higher, although concrete protection can be sprayed on the surface of the foundation pit, dangers such as foundation pit collapse, surrounding building inclination and even collapse and the like are often caused by uneven stress on the side wall of the foundation pit in the construction process around the foundation pit, the foundation pit deformation problem can be timely found through observation of the foundation pit, and early warning is carried out on construction.
Patent document that application number is CN201911275109.5 discloses a foundation ditch warp real-time monitoring system, includes a plurality of sensors that set up along foundation ditch edge length direction, and the sensor is connected with data processing apparatus, the sensor includes laser emitter, laser receiver and is located the pick-up plate between laser emitter and the laser receiver, the inspection hole has been seted up on the pick-up plate, and laser emitter and laser receiver monitor through the inspection hole, be connected with the suspension wire on the pick-up plate, the lower extreme of suspension wire is fixed on the pick-up plate, and the top at the foundation ditch is fixed to the upper end of suspension wire, the middle part of suspension wire is provided with a plurality of supports, and the surface at the foundation ditch is fixed to the support.
When the foundation pit deforms, the lower part of the side wall is usually fixed, the upper part of the side wall inclines towards the center of the foundation pit, or the middle part of the side wall of the foundation pit protrudes towards the center of the foundation pit, and the structure can only reflect that the foundation pit deforms, but cannot accurately measure the deformation mode of the foundation pit and the deformation of each part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foundation pit deformation observation device, aiming at solving the problem that the existing foundation pit deformation observation device cannot accurately measure the deformation mode and the deformation of each part of a foundation pit, and aiming at monitoring the surface of the foundation pit along the length direction of the edge of the foundation pit and accurately measuring the deformation mode and the deformation of each part of the foundation pit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a foundation pit deformation observation device comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of a foundation pit, and each observation unit comprises a shell and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
the shell is spaced from the side wall of the foundation pit, a plurality of through holes are formed in the surface, facing the side wall of the foundation pit, of the shell, the through holes are arranged at intervals along the diagonal direction on the side face of the shell, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged in the shell and are horizontally opposite to the through holes one by one, the central axes of the horizontally opposite connecting rods and the through holes are perpendicular to each other, and a fixed pulley which is opposite to the through holes in the left and right is rotatably connected to each connecting rod;
measuring mechanism includes support, suspension wire, liquid storage cylinder and surveys buret, every measuring mechanism's support level corresponds a through hole on the casing, the support includes branch and support, and the support is connected on the foundation ditch lateral wall, and support, other end are close to the through hole and rotate and are connected with the movable pulley, and is a plurality of measuring mechanism's suspension wire upper end all is connected at internal top surface of casing, and corresponding fixed pulley and movable pulley are walked around to the lower extreme of suspension wire, turn back again after the fixed pulley forms the assembly pulley downwards, and every suspension wire lower extreme all is connected with the counter weight piston, counter weight piston lower part stretch into in the liquid storage cylinder upper portion that corresponds and with liquid storage cylinder sliding contact, every liquid storage cylinder lower extreme all communicates have install the transparent survey buret of casing dorsad foundation ditch one side, be provided with the measurement scale mark on surveying the buret, liquid storage cylinder lower extreme and survey buret lower extreme and form the linker through communicating pipe interconnect, are provided with the float in surveying buret, every the space that lies in the linker between float and the counter weight piston is filled with water.
Further, survey buret and be connected with alarm mechanism, alarm mechanism includes battery, bee calling organ, wireless siren, sleeve pipe and probe, the sleeve pipe is transparent body, and the sleeve pipe suit is in the periphery of surveying buret, is connected with one end on the sleeve pipe and stretches into the sleeve pipe in and the probe of level orientation survey buret, and the positive pole of battery establishes ties wireless siren and bee calling organ through the wire, and the electricity is connected with a plurality of parallelly connected probes between the negative pole of bee calling organ and battery.
Furthermore, the floater is a cylindrical body made of polyethylene foam plastics, the outer wall of the floater is wrapped with a metal layer, the probe is a metal proximity switch, and the floater is positioned in the sleeve below the probe.
Further, the cross-sectional area inside the liquid storage cylinder is integral multiple of the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube.
Further, the sleeve pipe is tightly measuring buret lateral wall through the bolt top, be provided with the alarm scale mark on the sleeve pipe, the top of alarm scale mark is the zero scale of alarm scale mark, and the zero scale of alarm scale mark and the central axis of probe are on same horizontal plane.
Furthermore, an opening at the upper end of the measuring pipe is connected with a rain-proof cap.
Furthermore, the outside intercommunication of through hole has the extension pipe, and the extension pipe other end is towards the foundation ditch lateral wall, the one end that branch has the movable pulley stretches into in the extension pipe.
Furthermore, the one end of extension pipe towards the foundation ditch lateral wall is provided with the wind-shielding film, the wind-shielding film is the elastic flake body that transparent material made, and the wind-shielding film center is provided with the through-hole that supplies branch to pass.
Further, the upper end of the floater is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale mark, and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale mark is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder.
The foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt to move the sleeve upwards, making the scale value L millimeter alarm scale line and float upper end parallel and level, then screwing the bolt, fixing the sleeve, the formula of scale value L is:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder to the cross section area inside the measuring tube; y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark corresponding to the observed upper end of the floater as M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the corresponding position of each measuring pipe (6) ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC The subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, the subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, and the subscript C is the number of the observation times; 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area of the interior of the liquid storage cylinder to the cross section area of the interior of the measuring tube;
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe is observed, the position of the sleeve on the measuring pipe corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until the alarm scale mark with the scale value of L millimeters is aligned with the upper end of the floater.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the foundation pit deforms, the support approaches the shell along with the side wall of the foundation pit, the lower end of the suspension wire moves downwards, the balance weight piston extends into the liquid storage cylinder, water is pressed to move inwards the measuring pipe, the liquid level in the measuring pipe rises, the floater rises, the scale value of the measuring scale line corresponding to the upper end of the floater is directly observed through the transparent measuring pipe and the measuring scale lines on the measuring pipe, and the accurate value of the deformation of the foundation pit can be obtained through simple calculation.
The multiple measuring mechanisms of each observation unit can show the deformation state of the foundation pit in the height direction, the scale values of the measuring scale marks corresponding to the upper ends of the floats in the measuring pipes of the multiple measuring mechanisms of each observation unit are recorded, the deformation of the foundation pit can be accurately measured through simple calculation, the deformation state of the side wall of the foundation pit can be visually shown, the actual measurement basis is provided for the selection of the supporting mode and the supporting height, the supports of the multiple observation units on the same horizontal plane, the deformation range of the side wall of the foundation pit can be determined according to the scale values of the measuring scale marks corresponding to the upper ends of the floats in the measuring pipes, and the actual measurement basis is provided for the supporting length.
When the side wall of the foundation pit deforms, the liquid level in the measuring pipe rises, if the floater is detected by the probe, the buzzer sounds, the wireless alarm transmits an alarm signal, if the alarm sounds between two adjacent observations, the deformation of the foundation pit is aggravated, the observation times need to be increased, and construction accidents caused by untimely observation and early warning are prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has higher pertinence and precision, not only shows that the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at different heights is measured, but also shows that different alarm values can be set for different positions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a measurement pipe of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention measuring tube in connection with a reservoir;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the bushing of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the housing of the present invention (right front perspective);
FIG. 8 is a wiring diagram of the battery, buzzer, wireless alarm and probe of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the wire winding of the suspension wire of the present invention on the movable pulley and the fixed pulley.
The reference numbers in the drawings are as follows: 1. a housing; 2. a through hole; 3. a support; 4. hanging wires; 5. a liquid storage cylinder; 6. a measurement pipe; 7. a strut; 8. a support; 9. a movable pulley; 10. a counterweight piston; 11. measuring scale marks; 12. a float; 13. a storage battery; 14. a buzzer; 15. a wireless alarm; 16. a sleeve; 17. a probe; 18. a bolt; 19. alarm scale lines; 20. a connecting rod; 21. a fixed pulley; 22. an extension tube; 23. a wind-shielding film; 24. a tube support.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
it should be noted that directional terms used in the following description such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "bottom" and "top" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a foundation pit deformation observation device includes a plurality of observation units, the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and each observation unit includes a housing 1 and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
the shell 1 is a hollow cuboid, the lower ends of the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of a foundation pit through foundation bolts, the shell 1 is vertical to the bottom surface of the foundation pit, a space is reserved between the shell 1 and the side wall of the foundation pit, the surface of the shell 1 facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a plurality of through holes 2, the through holes 2 are arranged at intervals along the diagonal direction on the side surface of the shell 1, namely, a space is reserved between two adjacent through holes 2 in the vertical direction and a space is reserved between the horizontal directions, a plurality of connecting rods 20 are arranged in the shell 1, two ends of each connecting rod 20 are respectively and fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the shell 1, the connecting rods 20 are respectively and horizontally opposite to the through holes 2, the central axes of the connecting rods 20 and the through holes 2 which are horizontally opposite are mutually vertical, and each connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected with a fixed pulley 21 which is opposite to the through holes 2 in the left and the right;
measuring mechanism includes support 3, suspension wire 4, liquid storage cylinder 5 and survey buret 6, every 3 levels of measuring mechanism's support correspond a through hole 2 on the casing 1, support 3 includes branch 7 and support 8, branch 7 is the body of rod, and support 8 is the plate body, and support 8 is connected on the foundation ditch lateral wall, and branch 7 one end and support 8 are the vertical state and connect, the other end is close to through hole 2 and swivelling joint has movable pulley 9, support 8 is through built-in fitting fixed connection foundation ditch lateral wall, suspension wire 4 is the flexible rope body of nonelasticity, and is a plurality of measuring mechanism's suspension wire 4 upper end is all connected at casing 1 internal top surface, and corresponding fixed pulley 21 and movable pulley 9 are walked around to the lower extreme of suspension wire 4, form the assembly pulley downwards through fixed pulley 21 after turning back again, promptly: the fixed pulley 21 and the movable pulley 9 are both nylon pulleys, wherein the fixed pulley 21 is a double-groove nylon pulley, the movable pulley 9 is a single-groove nylon pulley, the lower end of the suspension wire 4 is wound below a groove positioned on the front side in two grooves of the fixed pulley 21 through the left side of the fixed pulley 21 and then is turned right, and is wound above the movable pulley 9 and then is turned left, and then is wound to the left side of the fixed pulley 21 and then is turned down through a groove positioned on the rear side in two grooves above the fixed pulley 21, the suspension wire 4 is in sliding contact with the fixed pulley 21 and the movable pulley 9, the lower end of each suspension wire 4 is connected with a counterweight piston 10, the counterweight piston 10 is composed of a metal cylinder (such as stainless steel, cast iron, copper or lead) and a rubber layer on the outer wall of the metal cylinder, the lower part of the counterweight piston 10 extends into the upper part of the corresponding liquid storage cylinder 5 and is in sliding contact with the liquid storage cylinder 5, the liquid storage cylinder 5 is a cylindrical body with an opening at the upper end, the lower extreme of liquid storage cylinder 5 is connected on the bottom surface in casing 1, and the central axis of liquid storage cylinder 5 and the 4 lower extremes of corresponding plumb line are on same straight line, and every liquid storage cylinder 5 lower extreme all communicates has installs the transparent survey buret 6 on casing 1 foundation ditch one side dorsad, survey buret 6 for upper end open-ended, vertical body that organic glass made, survey buret 6 and set up along casing 1 direction of height, survey buret 6 and connect on casing 1 lateral surface through upper and lower two pipe brackets 24, be provided with the measurement scale mark 11 of arranging from bottom to top on surveying buret 6, the lower extreme of measuring scale mark 11 is the zero scale of measuring scale mark 11, and the precision of measuring scale mark 11 is 1mm, and the unit is the millimeter, and liquid storage cylinder 5 lower extreme and survey buret 6 lower extreme form the communicating pipe through communicating pipe interconnect, are provided with float 12 in surveying buret 6, every the space that lies in the communicating pipe between float 12 and counter weight piston 10 is filled with water, the volume of water is larger than the volume of the measuring tube 6.
The cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 is an integer multiple of the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 6.
The sleeve 16 is provided with alarm scale marks 19 arranged from top to bottom, the uppermost end of the alarm scale marks 19 is a zero scale of the alarm scale marks 19, the precision of the alarm scale marks 19 is 1mm, the unit is millimeter, and the zero scale of the alarm scale marks 19 and the central axis of the probe 17 are on the same horizontal plane.
The outside of the through hole 2 is communicated with an extension pipe 22, the other end of the extension pipe 22 faces the side wall of the foundation pit, and one end of the support rod 7 with the movable pulley 9 extends into the extension pipe 22.
One end of the extension pipe 22 facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a wind shielding film 23, the wind shielding film 23 is an elastic sheet-shaped body made of transparent materials, and the center of the wind shielding film 23 is provided with a through hole for the support rod 7 to pass through.
The extension pipe 22 is matched with the wind shielding film 23 to reduce the air circulation in the shell 1, so that the air in the shell 1 is stable, and the observation accuracy is prevented from being influenced by windy weather.
The friction of the wind-blocking film 23 on the supporting rod 7, the dead weight of the counterweight piston, the friction between the counterweight piston and the liquid storage cylinder and the deformation force of the foundation pit are very small, can be ignored and do not influence the accuracy of measurement.
The storage battery 13, the buzzer 14 and the wireless alarm 15 are arranged on the top surface of the shell 1, and the storage battery 13, the buzzer 14 and the wireless alarm 15 are covered with protective covers.
The upper surface of the floater 12 is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale line 11, and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale line 11 is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder 5.
The foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt 18 to move the sleeve 16 upwards to make the scale mark 19 with scale value of L mm level with the upper end of the float 12, then screwing the bolt 18 to fix the sleeve 16, wherein the calculation formula of the scale value L is as follows:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant, and according to the movable pulley labor saving principle: the movable pulley is a lever with a power arm being twice as large as a resistance arm, 1/2 force is saved, and the distance is 1 time more, so that the constant 2,X in the application is the ratio of the cross-sectional area inside the liquid storage cylinder 5 to the cross-sectional area inside the measuring pipe 6; y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
the numerical value of Y is determined by a foundation pit design unit, or is determined by the material composition and the supporting mode of the side wall of the foundation pit according to a table 10.5.4-1 and a table 10.5.4-2 of foundation pit engineering technical regulation;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube 6 on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube 6 each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater to be M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to each measuring pipe 6 ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC In order to observe the scale value of the measurement scale mark 11 corresponding to the upper end of the floater, the subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, the subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, the subscript C is the number of the observation times, and the value range of A is as follows: 1. 2, 3, n, B has the following value ranges: 1. n, the value range of C is: 1. n;2 is a constant, X is the ratio of the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 to the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 6;
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe 6 is observed, the position of the sleeve 16 on the measuring pipe 6 corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until the alarm scale mark 19 with the scale value of L mm is flush with the upper end of the floater 12.
According to the requirements of foundation pit engineering technical regulations, the initial data is measured before foundation pit engineering or foundation pit excavation, and the time is not less than 3 times; and in the construction process, the observation frequency is set according to a table 10.5.3 of foundation pit engineering technical regulation corresponding to working conditions, an alarm value is determined according to a table 10.5.4-1 and a table 10.5.4-2 of foundation pit engineering technical regulation, if observation is carried out once in 1-2 weeks, construction needs to be pre-warned when the total deformation of the foundation pit reaches 40mm from the first observation, before the total deformation of the foundation pit does not reach 40mm, when the deformation of the foundation pit is observed to be obvious, the observation is changed to once every day, and when the deformation of the foundation pit exceeds 2mm for three consecutive days, construction needs to be pre-warned.
When the foundation pit is out of shape, support 3 is close to casing 1 along with the foundation pit lateral wall, 4 lower extremes of suspension wire move down, make counter weight piston 10 go deep into liquid storage cylinder 5, oppress water to transfer to surveying buret 6 in, the liquid level in surveying buret 6 rises, float 12 rises, survey the scale interval of the survey scale interval 11 that float 12 corresponds through transparent survey buret 6 and survey the survey scale interval 11 on the buret 6, only need patrol record and simple calculation, do not need to erect equipment such as total powerstation, do not need complicated data processing just can realize the observation work that the foundation pit warp.
In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir 5 is 5 times the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 6.
The liquid storage cylinder 5 and the laborsaving principle of the cross sectional area proportion cooperation movable pulley of the inside of surveying buret 6 can enlarge foundation ditch deformation numerical value, make the deformation survey more easily, for example, when the foundation ditch warp to 1.5mm, the liquid level in surveying buret 6 can rise 1.5 x 2 x 5=15mm, if observe the record survey between two observations survey in survey buret 6 liquid level rise 15mm, then, can be through calculating out the foundation ditch deflection and be 15 ÷ 5 ÷ 2=1.5mm, that is to say: the invention enlarges the numerical value of the foundation pit deformation by 10 times.
The observation is more convenient, equipment such as a total station and the like does not need to be erected, measurement and calculation are not needed to be carried out for a long time each time, and observation personnel can complete observation work only by inspection and recording.
When the alarm value is set to 2mm, the numerical value of the deformation amount of the foundation pit is enlarged by 10 times based on the present invention, and therefore, the central axis of the probe 17 needs to be 20mm higher than the upper surface of the float, that is: loosening bolt 18, make sleeve pipe 16 rebound, make the central axis of probe 17 be higher than float upper surface 20mm, make 20 mm's of alarm scale mark 19 scale mark and float upper surface parallel and level, then screw bolt 18 again, fixed sleeve pipe 16, when the foundation ditch lateral wall warp, measure the interior liquid level of buret 6 and rise, float 12 is detected by probe 17 to the time, buzzer 14 rings, wireless siren 15 transmits alarm signal, if alarm rings appear between adjacent twice observation, explain the foundation ditch deformation aggravation, need increase observation frequency and number of times, prevent to appear the construction accident because the early warning of observation untimely.
The observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, are not limited by the shape of the foundation pit and the inclination angle of the side wall of the foundation pit, and can accurately measure the deformation value of the foundation pit for the vertical side wall of the foundation pit and the inclined side wall of the foundation pit.
The probe 17 adopts an HL-M18-N8TC direct current 2-wire normally closed metal inductance type proximity switch; the wireless alarm 15 adopts a wireless 4G full-network DTU module, can send information to a mobile phone of an observer, and prompts the observer to pay attention to the aggravation of foundation pit deformation.
When the foundation pit is excavated, material changes (such as a sand stone section, a clay section and a backfill section) can occur along the length direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and soil layers (such as a sand soil layer, a soft soil layer and a gravel layer) can occur along the height direction of the side wall of the foundation pit, and the soil layers and the soft soil layer need different supporting modes, for example, an alarm value between two adjacent observations of a cement soil wall supporting area can be set to be 5mm, and an alarm value between two adjacent observations of a steel sheet pile supporting area can be set to be 2 mm.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of disclosure without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A foundation pit deformation observation device comprises a plurality of observation units, wherein the observation units are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side wall of a foundation pit, and each observation unit comprises a shell (1) and a plurality of measuring mechanisms;
a space is reserved between the shell (1) and the side wall of the foundation pit, a plurality of through holes (2) are formed in the surface, facing the side wall of the foundation pit, of the shell (1), the through holes (2) are arranged at intervals in the diagonal direction on the side face of the shell (1), a plurality of connecting rods (20) are arranged in the shell (1), the connecting rods (20) are horizontally opposite to the through holes (2) one by one, the connecting rods (20) which are horizontally opposite to each other are perpendicular to the central axes of the through holes (2), and fixed pulleys (21) which are opposite to the through holes (2) in the left-right direction are rotatably connected to each connecting rod (20);
the measuring mechanism comprises a support (3), a suspension wire (4), liquid storage cylinders (5) and a measuring pipe (6), each of the support (3) of the measuring mechanism horizontally corresponds to one through hole (2) on the shell (1), the support (3) comprises a support rod (7) and a support (8), the support (8) is connected on the side wall of the foundation pit, one end of the support rod (7) is connected with the support (8) and the other end is close to the through hole (2) and is rotatably connected with a movable pulley (9), the upper end of the suspension wire (4) of the measuring mechanism is connected with the inner top surface of the shell (1), the lower end of the suspension wire (4) bypasses the corresponding fixed pulley (21) and the movable pulley (9) and turns back again to form a pulley block downwards through the fixed pulley (21), the lower end of each suspension wire (4) is connected with a counterweight piston (10), the lower part of the counterweight piston (10) extends into the upper part of the corresponding liquid storage cylinder (5) and is in sliding contact with the liquid storage cylinder (5), the lower end of each liquid storage cylinder (5) is communicated with the transparent liquid storage cylinder (6) arranged on one side of the shell (1), the measuring pipe (6) is provided with the lower end of the measuring pipe (6) which is connected with a communicating pipe (11), and is connected with the measuring pipe (6) through a communicating pipe (11), the space in each of the communicating vessels between the float (12) and the weighted piston (10) is filled with water.
2. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that survey buret (6) and be connected with alarm mechanism, alarm mechanism includes battery (13), buzzer (14), wireless alarm (15), sleeve pipe (16) and probe (17), sleeve pipe (16) are transparent body, sleeve pipe (16) suit is in the periphery of surveying buret (6), be connected with on sleeve pipe (16) one end stretch into sleeve pipe (16) and level towards survey buret probe (17), wireless alarm (15) and buzzer (14) are established ties through the wire to the positive pole of battery (13), have a plurality of parallelly connected probes (17) of electricity between the negative pole of buzzer (14) and battery (13).
3. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 2, wherein the float (12) is a column made of polyethylene foam plastic, the outer wall of the float (12) is wrapped with a metal layer, the probe (17) is a metal proximity switch, and the float (12) is positioned in a sleeve (16) below the probe (17).
4. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area inside the reservoir (5) is an integer multiple of the cross-sectional area inside the measuring pipe (6).
5. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 4, wherein the sleeve (16) is tightly pressed on the outer side wall of the measuring pipe (6) through a bolt (18), the sleeve (16) is provided with an alarm scale mark (19), the uppermost end of the alarm scale mark (19) is a zero scale of the alarm scale mark (19), and the zero scale of the alarm scale mark (19) is on the same horizontal plane with the central axis of the probe (17).
6. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end opening of the measuring pipe (6) is connected with a rain-proof cap.
7. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 1, wherein the through hole (2) is externally communicated with an extension pipe (22), the other end of the extension pipe (22) faces the side wall of the foundation pit, and one end of the support rod (7) with the movable pulley (9) extends into the extension pipe (22).
8. The foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 7, wherein the end of the extension pipe (22) facing the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with a wind shielding film (23), the wind shielding film (23) is an elastic sheet-shaped body made of transparent material, and the center of the wind shielding film (23) is provided with a through hole for the support rod (7) to pass through.
9. A foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 5, wherein the upper end of the floater (12) is flush with the zero scale of the measuring scale mark (11), and the distance between the upper end of the communicating pipe and the zero scale of the measuring scale mark (11) is larger than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the liquid storage cylinder (5).
10. The foundation pit deformation observation device according to claim 9, wherein the use method of the foundation pit deformation observation device comprises the following steps:
A. an alarm mechanism is arranged, and the operation method comprises the following steps: loosening the bolt (18), enabling the sleeve (16) to move upwards, enabling an alarm scale mark (19) with a scale value of L mm to be flush with the upper end of the floater (12), then screwing the bolt (18) and fixing the sleeve (16), wherein the calculation formula of the scale value L is as follows:
L=2XY；
in the above formula, 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder (5) to the cross section area inside the measuring pipe (6); y is a foundation pit deformation alarm value and the unit is millimeter;
B. numbering each observation unit and the measuring tube (6) on each observation unit, observing the measuring tube (6) each time, recording the scale value of the measuring scale mark (11) corresponding to the upper end of the floater, and setting the scale value of the measuring scale mark (11) corresponding to the upper end of the floater to be M ABC In millimeters;
C. the total deformation amount sigma of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to each measuring pipe (6) ABC Is in millimeters, the calculation formula is:
Σ ABC =M ABC ÷2÷X；
in the above formula M ABC Is observed asThe scale value of a measuring scale mark (11) corresponding to the upper end of the floater is measured, subscript A is the number of the observation unit from front to back, subscript B is the number of the measurement pipe on the observation unit A from front to back, and subscript C is the number of the observation times; 2 is a constant; x is the ratio of the cross section area inside the liquid storage cylinder (5) to the cross section area inside the measuring pipe (6);
D. after each observation and recording is finished, if the deformation of the side wall of the foundation pit at the position corresponding to the measuring pipe (6) is observed, the position of the sleeve (16) on the measuring pipe (6) corresponding to the deformed part of the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be adjusted until an alarm scale mark (19) with scale value of L mm is flush with the upper end of the floater (12).
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507526A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of foundation pit deformation measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN113074693A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江金穗工程勘察设计有限公司 | Deep basal pit deformation monitoring alarm device |
| KR102290183B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-08-17 | 주식회사 이에스피 | System for monitoring a collapse of mine pit using ground deformation sensor |
| CN114136246A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation monitoring device and method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108507526A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of foundation pit deformation measuring device and its measurement method |
| KR102290183B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-08-17 | 주식회사 이에스피 | System for monitoring a collapse of mine pit using ground deformation sensor |
| CN113074693A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江金穗工程勘察设计有限公司 | Deep basal pit deformation monitoring alarm device |
| CN114136246A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation monitoring device and method |
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