CN114908350A - Ball seat with erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on surface - Google Patents
Ball seat with erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114908350A CN114908350A CN202110171824.5A CN202110171824A CN114908350A CN 114908350 A CN114908350 A CN 114908350A CN 202110171824 A CN202110171824 A CN 202110171824A CN 114908350 A CN114908350 A CN 114908350A
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- ball seat
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 75
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/324—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal matrix material layer comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or a metal-matrix material with hard embedded particles, e.g. WC-Me
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
Abstract
The invention provides a ball seat with an erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface, which comprises: the ball seat body is used for being installed in a ball seat short section of a downhole tool and comprises an inner surface, a pressure holding joint surface and an outer surface, the pressure holding joint surface is formed at one end of the ball seat body and is used for being matched with a pressure holding ball, and the outer surface is used for being matched with the inner wall surface of the ball seat short section; the composite coating is arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-holding joint surface and comprises a nano multilayer film arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-holding joint surface and a nano plasma anticorrosive layer arranged on the outer surface of the nano multilayer film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy exploration and development tools, and particularly relates to a ball seat with an erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface.
Background
The downhole tool is connected with the drilling tool and rotates along with the drilling tool, the downhole tool packer unit can be matched with a wellhead blowout preventer to treat downhole overflow, a compression rubber sleeve is adopted as the downhole tool packer unit, and when the downhole tool is set, the pressure-holding ball is matched with the ball seat through the ball-throwing pressure-holding ball to establish a pressure-holding condition so that the packer is set. Because the ball seat short section rotates along with the drilling tool, the ball seat is eroded by the drilling fluid, and after long-time erosion, the ball seat is eroded and abraded seriously by the solid-phase particles of the drilling fluid, so that the pressure building ball and the ball seat cannot be built, and finally the downhole tool cannot be set.
At present, the ball seat is subjected to surface treatment by means of conventional surface treatment techniques such as nitriding, carburizing, carbonitriding, QPQ and the like. These treatments have problems such as easy deformation of the workpiece, difficulty in controlling the composition and depth of the infiltrated layer, and inability of surface hardness to meet the requirements of wear and erosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a ball seat with an erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface, the ball seat can obviously improve the surface hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the inner surface of the ball seat, improves the erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant performances of the inner surface of the ball seat, is very favorable for improving the pressure build-up performance of the ball seat, and prolongs the service life of the ball seat.
To this end, according to the present invention there is provided a ball seat having an erosion-resistant, corrosion-resistant composite coating on a surface thereof, comprising: the ball seat body is used for being installed in a ball seat short section of a downhole tool and comprises an inner surface, a pressure holding joint surface and an outer surface, the pressure holding joint surface is formed at one end of the ball seat body and is used for being matched with a pressure holding ball, and the outer surface is used for being matched with the inner wall surface of the ball seat short section; the composite coating is arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-building joint surface and comprises a nano multilayer film arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-building joint surface and a nano plasma anticorrosive layer arranged on the outer surface of the nano multilayer film.
In one embodiment, the nano-multilayer film is configured to include a nitriding layer film, a transition layer film and a functional layer film which are sequentially deposited from inside to outside.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the nitriding layer film is set in the range of 0.078-0.33 mm.
In one embodiment, the transition layer film adopts a Cr layer and a Cr layer 2 The N layer is prepared into Cr/Cr through multiple alternate deposition 2 A N transition layer film, a single Cr layer with a thickness of 20nm, and a single Cr layer 2 The thickness of the N layer was 50 nm.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer film is set in the range of 3.7-4.2 μm.
In one embodiment, the functional layer film is prepared by alternately depositing CrAlN layers and ZrN layers for multiple times to form a CrAlN/ZrN functional layer film.
In one embodiment, the functional layer film is set to have a thickness in the range of 2.1 to 2.5 μm.
In one embodiment, the nano plasma anticorrosive layer is formed by spraying a mixture of nickel-based alloy powder, solid lubricant powder and ceramic powder.
In one embodiment, the nanoplasmon protection layer comprises a tie layer sprayed on the outer surface of the nano-multilayer film and a working coating sprayed on the outer surface of the tie layer.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the bonding layer is set in the range of 0.05-0.1mm and the thickness of the working coating layer is set in the range of 0.2-0.3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that:
according to the ball seat with the erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface, the composite coating formed on the inner surface and the suppressing joint surface of the ball seat body is adopted, so that the surface hardness, the toughness and the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant performance of the ball seat are obviously improved, and the service life of the whole ball seat can be effectively prolonged. And moreover, the pressure-building ball can be matched with the ball seat to establish the pressure-building condition after reaching the ball seat, so that the packer is set, and the reliability of the downhole tool is effectively improved. The composite coating is formed by two composite coating structures of a nano multilayer film and a nano plasma anticorrosive coating, the nano multilayer film is in contact with the surface of the ball seat main body, the abrasion resistance and the wear resistance of the ball seat are effectively improved, and the nano plasma coating is used as an outer coating, so that the hardness of the ball seat is effectively improved, and the abrasion resistance and the corrosion resistance of the ball seat are enhanced. This greatly improves the erosion, wear and corrosion resistance of the surface of the ball seat. The ball seat can effectively improve the stability and the continuity of the downhole tool in downhole work and prolong the service life of the whole tool.
Drawings
The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a ball seat having an erosion-resistant, corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface thereof according to the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the installation position of the ball seat of figure 1 in a downhole tool.
Figure 3 shows the ball seat of figure 1 installed in a ball seat sub of a downhole tool.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the structure of the nano-multilayer film formed on the inner surface of the ball seat.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the directional terms or limitations used herein, such as "left", "right", etc., are used with respect to FIG. 1 as referenced. They are presented merely to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a ball seat 100 having an erosion-resistant, corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface thereof in accordance with the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the ball holder 100 includes a ball holder body 10. The ball seat body 10 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the ball seat body 10 includes an inner surface 11, a pressure-retaining engagement surface 12 formed at one end (left end in fig. 1) of the ball seat body 10, and an outer surface 13. An inner surface 11 is formed at an inner wall of the ball seat body 10 to form a surface of the liquid flow passage for contacting the liquid. The pressure build-up interface 12 is adapted to fit a pressure build-up ball 103 (see figure 3) dropped from the wellhead to form a seal for pressure build-up. The outer surface 13 is adapted to fit the inner wall surface of the ball seat nipple 102 (see fig. 2).
According to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a composite coating 20 is provided on an inner surface 11 and a pressure building interface 12 of a ball seat 100, and the composite coating 20 is formed as an inner wall of a ball seat body 10. The composite coating layer 20 includes a nano-multilayer film 21 provided on the inner surface 11, the pressure-holding bonding surface 12, and a nano-plasma anticorrosive layer (not shown) provided on an outer surface of the nano-multilayer film 21. The nano-multilayer film 21 is in contact with the inner surface 11 of the ball seat body 10, so that the hardness of the inner wall of the ball seat body 10 is remarkably improved, and the wear resistance of the inner wall of the ball seat body 10 is greatly improved. The nano plasma corrosion prevention is used as an outer coating of the inner wall of the ball seat main body 10, so that the erosion resistance and corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the ball seat main body 10 are greatly improved. The anti-erosion, wear-resisting and corrosion-resisting performances of the inner wall surface of the ball seat 100 are greatly improved, and the fact that the pressure-building ball can be matched with the pressure-building joint surface 12 of the ball seat 100 to form effective sealing after reaching the position of the ball seat 100 is guaranteed, so that the pressure-building condition is established to enable the packer to be smoothly set, and the reliability of the downhole tool is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 4, the nano-multilayer film 21 includes a nitride layer film 211, a transition layer film 212, and a functional layer film 213. The nitride layer film 211, the transition layer film 212 and the functional layer film 213 are sequentially deposited on the inner surface 11 and the pressure-holding junction 12 of the ball holder body 10 from the inside to the outside.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the process of forming the nano-multilayer film 21 includes the steps of:
first, a nitride film 211 is formed on the inner surface 11 of the ball seat body 10 and the pressure-retaining junction surface 12. The ball seat 100 is placed in an ion nitriding furnace, the furnace is vacuumized to 15Pa, then ammonia gas is filled in the furnace, and the pressure in the furnace is maintained to be about 300 Pa. The selected ion nitriding temperature is 480 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20 hours, and after nitriding is finished, the film is cooled to the room temperature under the ammonia atmosphere of 300Pa to obtain the nitriding layer film 211. Thereby, the nitride layer film 211 is formed on the inner surface 11 of the ball seat body 10 and the pressure-retaining junction surface 12.
According to the present invention, the thickness of the nitride film 211 is set to be in the range of 0.078 to 0.33 mm.
Thereafter, a transition layer film 212 is prepared on the basis of the nitrided layer film 211. And (3) placing the ball seat 100 subjected to the ion nitriding to generate the nitriding layer film 211 in acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, fixing the ball seat on a sample table, and placing the sample table into a vacuum chamber. The vacuum degree in the vacuum is lower than 1 multiplied by 10 -3 And when Pa, introducing high-purity argon gas with the flow rate of 70sccm, adjusting the bias voltage of the ball seat to-900, -1100, -1200V respectively, and carrying out plasma cleaning on the surface of the ball seat body 10 for 2min to remove oxides and other impurities on the surface.
Then, 99.9 wt% high-purity metal Cr is adopted as a coating deposition target material on the nitriding layer film 211, and an LDH-1200 multi-arc ion plating device is used for alternately depositing Cr layers and Cr 2 And N layers. Thus, the transition layer film 212 employs a Cr layer and Cr 2 The N layer is prepared into Cr/Cr through multiple alternate deposition 2 And an N transition layer film. In the coating deposition process, the target material current is 65A, and the specific deposition parameters of the Cr layer are as follows: argon flow of 350sccm, substrate bias of-20V and deposition time of 60 s; cr 2 The specific deposition parameters of the N layers are as follows: the nitrogen flow rate was 150sccm, the substrate bias was-50V, and the deposition time was 3 min. In one embodiment, the thickness of the single Cr layer is 20nm, and the single Cr layer 2 The thickness of the N layer was 50 nm. Therefore, the modulation period was 70nm, and the modulation ratio was 2.5. The number of modulation period repetitions is set to 25, and the thickness of the transition layer film 212 is set to be in the range of 3.7-4.2 μm. A transition layer film 212 is produced. Thereby, a transition layer film 212 is formed on the nitride layer film 211. It should be noted here that, according to the definition of the nano-multilayer film structure parameters, for the nano-multilayer film formed by A, B two components, the sum of the thicknesses of the adjacent two layers is called modulation period, and the ratio of their thicknesses is called modulation ratio.
The ball-socket transition layer film 212 according to the present invention is formed by multi-arc ion plating deposition using Cr/Cr having a suitable modulation ratio and modulation period 2 N multi-layer film formation, as compared to a single layer of Cr or Cr 2 The Cr/Cr of the N thin film, transition layer film 212 2 The N multilayer film structure not only has higher hardness and abrasion resistance, but also hasThe composite coating has fatigue resistance and higher compactness, and can prevent the diffusion and the permeation of corrosive media, thereby obviously improving the corrosion resistance of the composite coating 20. And, Cr 2 N is used as a hardness enhancing phase, has higher hardness than CrN, and has proper Cr 2 Cr/Cr of N layer thickness 2 The N multilayer film has higher bearing capacity and abrasion resistance in the underground drilling fluid environment. The Cr layer is used as a flexible layer, so that the toughness and the crack propagation resistance of the multilayer film are greatly improved, and the multilayer film has good film-substrate bonding strength and low wear rate. This is very advantageous in improving the surface hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the composite coating 20 of the ball seat 100.
Thereafter, a functional layer film 213 is prepared on the basis of the transition layer film 212. The functional layer film 213 is formed by alternately depositing a CrAlN layer and a ZrN layer for multiple times to form a CrAlN/ZrN functional layer film.
After the preparation of the transition layer film 212 of the ball seat 100 is finished, mixed gas of Ar and N2 is introduced, the gas flow ratio is 4:1, and the working pressure is kept at 0.5 Pa. And (3) applying-50V pulse bias voltage to alternately deposit CrAlN layers and ZrN layers on the surface of the transition layer film 212 by using a magnetron sputtering coating instrument. Wherein the CrAlN layer is deposited by using CrAl as a target material, the power density of the CrAl target is 4.5W/cm2, and the deposition time of the CrAlN layer is 19.5 s; the ZrN layer was deposited using Zr as a target with a power density of 4.5W/cm2 and a deposition time of 7.5 s. The number of modulation cycles is 288, and the preparation of the functional layer film 213 is completed. Thereby, the functional layer film 213 is formed on the transition layer film 212.
According to the present invention, the thickness of the functional layer film 213 is set to be in the range of 2.1 to 2.5 μm.
The functional layer film 213 of the ball seat according to the present invention is made of CrAlN and ZrN as typical ceramic materials, and has high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature wear resistance. And the performance of resisting the generation and the expansion of cracks of the single-layer film is obviously improved by adopting a multi-layer film toughening method, the tip of the crack can be passivated by the functional layer film 213 of the multi-layer film structure, the crack expansion direction is deflected, and the crack expansion is restrained, so that the surface hardness, the toughness and the wear resistance of the composite coating 20 of the ball seat 100 are greatly improved.
According to the invention, after the nano-multilayer film 21 is prepared, the nano-plasma anticorrosive layer is prepared on the basis of the nano-multilayer film 21. According to one embodiment of the invention, the nano plasma anticorrosive layer is formed by spraying nickel-based alloy powder, solid lubricant powder and ceramic powder in a mixing manner. The nano plasma anticorrosive layer includes a bonding layer sprayed on the outer surface of the nano multilayer film 21 and a work coating layer sprayed on the outer surface of the bonding layer. The thickness of the adhesive layer is set in the range of 0.05-0.1mm and the thickness of the working coating layer is set in the range of 0.2-0.3 mm.
Before spraying the nano plasma anticorrosive coating, removing oil on the surface of the base body of the ball seat 100 on which the nano multilayer film 21 is formed by using acetone, preheating, carrying out sand blasting by using steel sand, blowing off the sand dust on the surface of the base body of the ball seat 100 by using compressed air after the sand blasting is finished, and spraying within 2h after the sand blasting to prevent secondary pollution.
Before spraying the powder, firstly putting the nickel-based alloy powder, the mixed small amount of the solid lubricant powder and the ceramic powder into an oven to be baked for 1-1.5h, setting the temperature at 100-120 ℃, putting the powder into a powder feeder, and firstly spraying the bonding layer on the surface of the nano multilayer film 21. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer is about 0.1 mm. After the base body of the ball seat 100 is cooled slightly, the base body is changed into dried powder, and a working coating is sprayed on the surface of the bonding layer.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the nano plasma anticorrosive layer is prepared by adding a proper amount of boron and silicon elements into the nickel-based alloy, so that the self-fluxing alloy is obtained, the melting point of the self-fluxing alloy is low, the fluidity is good, and the porosity of the nano plasma anticorrosive layer is relatively low. And the nano plasma coating adopts ion spraying equipment to spray the coating, the nano plasma anticorrosive coating and the nano multilayer film 21 have extremely high metallurgical bonding strength, the ball seat 100 works under the action of high temperature, high impact force and high friction force for a long time, and the nano plasma anticorrosive coating does not fall off or lose efficacy, so that the protection function of the coating formed by the nano plasma anticorrosive coating is greatly improved. The material of the nano plasma anticorrosive layer has good HCl, NaCl and CO resistance 2 、H 2 S corrosion performance, the compact structure can completely prevent corrosion medium from permeating into the coating, and corrosion is effectively prevented. In addition, materials such as ceramic phase and graphene are added into the nano plasma anticorrosive coating, so that a smooth coating surface and a low friction coefficient can be formed, and the erosion resistance and corrosion resistance of the nano plasma anticorrosive coating are further improved.
According to the ball seat 100 with the erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on the surface, the composite coating 20 formed on the inner surface 11 and the suppressing pressure joint surface 12 of the ball seat body 10 remarkably improves the surface hardness, toughness and wear-resistant and erosion-resistant performance of the ball seat 100, and can effectively prolong the service life of the whole ball seat 100. And moreover, the pressure-building ball can be matched with the ball seat to establish the pressure-building condition after reaching the ball seat, so that the packer is set, and the reliability of the downhole tool 101 is effectively improved. The composite coating 20 forms two composite coating structures of a nano multilayer film 21 and a nano plasma anticorrosive coating, the nano multilayer film 21 is in contact with the surface of the ball seat main body 10, the abrasion resistance and the wear resistance of the ball seat 100 are effectively improved, and the nano plasma coating is used as an outer coating, so that the hardness of the ball seat 100 is effectively improved, and the abrasion resistance and the corrosion resistance of the ball seat are enhanced. This greatly improves the erosion, wear and corrosion resistance of the surface of ball seat 100. The ball seat 100 can effectively improve the stability and the continuity of the downhole tool 101 in downhole operation, and prolong the service life of the whole tool.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ball seat having an erosion-resistant, corrosion-resistant composite coating on a surface thereof, comprising:
the ball seat body (10) is used for being installed in a ball seat short joint (102) of a downhole tool (101), and comprises an inner surface (11), a pressure holding joint surface (12) and an outer surface (13), wherein the pressure holding joint surface (12) is formed at one end of the ball seat body and is used for being matched with a pressure holding ball, and the outer surface is used for being matched with the inner wall surface of the ball seat short joint;
and the composite coating (20) is arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-holding joint surface and comprises a nano multilayer film (21) arranged on the inner surface and the pressure-holding joint surface and a nano plasma anticorrosive layer arranged on the outer surface of the nano multilayer film.
2. The ball socket according to claim 1, wherein the nano-multilayer film is configured to include a nitrided layer film (211), a transition layer film (212), and a functional layer film (213) deposited in this order from the inside out.
3. The ball seat according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the nitrided layer film is set to be in the range of 0.078-0.33 mm.
4. The ball socket according to claim 2, wherein the transition layer film is formed of a Cr layer and a Cr layer 2 The N layer is prepared into Cr/Cr through multiple alternate deposition 2 A N transition layer film, a single Cr layer with a thickness of 20nm, and a single Cr layer 2 The thickness of the N layer was 50 nm.
5. The ball socket according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the thickness of the transition layer film is set in the range of 3.7-4.2 μm.
6. The ball seat according to claim 2, wherein the functional layer film is prepared by alternately depositing CrAlN and ZrN layers for multiple times to form a CrAlN/ZrN functional layer film.
7. The ball socket according to claim 2 or 6, wherein the thickness of the functional layer film is set to be in the range of 2.1-2.5 μm.
8. The ball seat according to claim 1, wherein the nano plasma corrosion prevention layer is formed by spraying a mixture of nickel-based alloy powder, solid lubricant powder and ceramic powder.
9. The ball seat according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the nanoplasmon preservation layer comprises a tie layer sprayed on an outer surface of the nano-multilayer film and a work coat sprayed on an outer surface of the tie layer.
10. The ball socket according to claim 9, wherein the bonding layer is provided with a thickness in the range of 0.05-0.1mm and the working coating is provided with a thickness in the range of 0.2-0.3 mm.
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| CN202110171824.5A CN114908350A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Ball seat with erosion-resistant and corrosion-resistant composite coating on surface |
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