CN114908024A - Method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce enzyme and degrade plastic pollutants - Google Patents
Method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce enzyme and degrade plastic pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN114908024A CN114908024A CN202210716802.7A CN202210716802A CN114908024A CN 114908024 A CN114908024 A CN 114908024A CN 202210716802 A CN202210716802 A CN 202210716802A CN 114908024 A CN114908024 A CN 114908024A
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
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- C12N9/0065—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09B2101/75—Plastic waste
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- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce enzyme and degrade plastic pollutants, and relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The invention discloses a method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce LiP/MnP degraded plastic pollutants, which comprises the following steps: (1) culturing the white-rot fungi in a culture medium for directionally producing LiP/MnP to a logarithmic growth phase to obtain a white-rot fungi culture; (2) putting the sterilized plastic pollutants into the white rot fungus culture, and continuously culturing for more than 10 days; the plastic contaminant is PS plastic or PLA plastic. The invention utilizes the culture medium for directionally producing LiP and MnP to ensure that the white-rot fungi produce LiP or MnP, and realizes the degradation of the plastic pollutants by co-culturing the white-rot fungi culture which grows to the logarithmic phase and the plastic pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce enzyme and degrade plastic pollutants.
Background
In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution caused by plastic pollution has attracted much attention. Plastics are widely used due to their chemical, physical and biological inertness and durability, and about 50% of plastics are discarded after a single use, so that the plastics are accumulated in the environment to occupy a large amount of land and also to bring potential hazards to soil water and atmosphere. In order to solve the problem that petroleum-based plastics are difficult to degrade in the environment, a large amount of biodegradable plastics are developed and widely used in supermarket shopping bags, disposable straws and the like. However, both the ASTM and ISO standards for the term "biodegradable" emphasize working in a high temperature, high humidity, high biomass composting environment and have no limiting requirement on the morphology of the plastic, which obviously differs greatly from the actual environment. At present, more and more researches report that biodegradable plastics which have been widely commercialized hardly show degradation phenomenon in natural environment (fresh water, seawater, air, soil) and even in low-temperature composting environment for a short time (1 to 3 years).
Patent US20150203666a1 provides a plastic degrading composition for use in the form of an additive for use during the manufacture of plastics. The composition consists of predetermined amounts of heptane, cellulose, methyl rhenium trioxide, butylated hydroxytoluene and polyphenol oxidase. The additives can be selectively programmed to start the decomposition of the plastic at a predetermined time and appear to produce a plastic that is susceptible to degradation to address future plastic build-up problems, but there are currently a large number of plastics in the environment that do not contain a degrading composition.
Patent US20160280881a1 provides a method for degrading a plastic by combining a polyolefin plastic, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, etc., with an enzyme (hydrolase) or microorganism to provide a composition that enhances the methanation of the polyolefin plastic. This relieves the pressure of conventional plastics, but polyolefins are only a small fraction of the thermoplastic resin, and there is no mention of the effects of other thermoplastics such as polystyrene, polyurethane, etc., and thermosets.
Polystyrene (PS) is a polymer synthesized from styrene monomer by radical addition polymerization, is a colorless and transparent thermoplastic plastic having a glass transition temperature higher than 100 ℃, and is therefore frequently used to make various disposable containers, disposable foam lunch boxes and the like that need to withstand the temperature of boiling water. Polylactic acid (PLA), also known as polylactide, is a polyester polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as a main raw material, and is a novel biodegradable material. The research on a biodegradation technology capable of effectively degrading polystyrene and polylactic acid plastic has important significance for reducing environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for promoting white-rot fungi to directionally produce enzyme and degrade plastic pollutants, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce LiP and degrade plastic pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing the white-rot fungi in a culture medium for directionally producing LiP to a logarithmic growth phase to obtain a white-rot fungi culture;
(2) putting the disinfected plastic pollutants into the white rot fungi culture, and continuously culturing for more than 10 days; the plastic contaminant is PS plastic or PLA plastic.
Further, the white rot fungi is Phanerochaete pachyrhizus.
Further, the medium for directionally producing the LiP comprises: 10g/L glucose, 0.5g/L ammonium tartrate, 2g/L monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g/L Tween 80, 0.001g/LVB1 and 70mL/L trace element liquid, and the pH value is 4.5.
The element measuring liquid further comprises the following components: 1.5g/L nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1g/L sodium chloride, 0.1g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L cobalt sulfate, 0.1g/L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1g/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.01g/L aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g/L sodium molybdate dihydrate and 0.01g/L boric acid.
Further, in the step (2), the culture conditions are: 35 ℃ and 150 rpm.
The invention also provides a method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce MnP to degrade plastic pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing the white-rot fungi in a culture medium for directionally producing MnP to a logarithmic growth phase to obtain a white-rot fungi culture;
(2) putting the sterilized plastic pollutants into the white rot fungus culture, and continuously culturing for more than 10 days; the plastic contaminant is PS plastic or PLA plastic.
Further, the white-rot fungi is Phanerochaete pachyrhizus.
Further, the medium for directionally producing the LiP comprises: 10g/L glucose, 0.2g/L ammonium tartrate, 2.0g/L monopotassium phosphate, 0.15g/L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g/L Tween 80, 0.01g/LVB1 and 70mL/L trace element liquid, and the pH value is 5.0.
Further, the composition of the quantitative element liquid comprises: 1.5g/L nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1g/L sodium chloride, 0.1g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L cobalt sulfate, 0.1g/L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1g/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.01g/L aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g/L sodium molybdate dihydrate and 0.01g/L boric acid.
Further, in the step (2), the culture conditions are: 35 ℃ and 150 rpm.
Phanerochaete pachyrhizi (p. chrysosporium) is a typical species of white rot fungi, and has abundant intracellular and extracellular enzyme systems. The intracellular enzyme system includes a main storageThe complex enzyme systems of cytochrome P450 family in the endoplasmic reticulum, the cyclooxygenase (phase I), the iron transferase (phase II) enzymes and the monooxygenases that catalyze the metabolism of aliphatic, alicyclic and directional molecules interact to poison phanerochaete pachyrhizi against micropolastic contamination. Extracellular enzyme systems include hydrolases and oxidoreductases. The hydrolase can degrade complex-structure pollutants such as lignin, and the oxidoreductase comprises manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP), Catalase (CAT) and laccase (Lac). Among them, at most, LiP and MnP are two enzymes with the strongest redox ability. MnP is composed of a single propionic acid heme and two amino acids (glutamic acid and aspartic acid) and Mn central ion linked to each other through propionic acid group, at H 2 O 2 Under the existence condition, porphyrin pi anion radical and hydroxyl-iron radical center radical can be rapidly formed, then Mn (II) radical water is removed by the center ion to form Mn (III) ion with strong oxidizability, and the Mn (II) ion is used as an active site and has low-specificity oxidation effect on various pollutants. Ligninases are also a non-specific, free radical-based chain reaction process. LiP is a series of Fe-containing 3+ Isoenzymes of porphyrin ring and heme prosthetic group, can utilize H 2 O 2 Oxidizing electron-rich phenolic or non-phenolic aromatic compounds. When the substrate is attacked by an electron carrier, an electron can be abstracted from a phenol or non-phenol benzene ring, the phenol or non-phenol benzene ring is oxidized into a free radical, and then a series of free radical chain reactions are generated.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention utilizes a culture medium for directionally producing LiP or MnP to ensure that white-rot fungi produce LiP or MnP, and finds that the two plastics have degradation effects of different degrees by respectively co-culturing a white-rot fungi culture growing to a logarithmic phase with biodegradable plastic PLA and non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastic PS. Both enzymes can cause the cleavage of the PS polymer bond and the introduction of hydroxyl groups, with LiP losing 43.9% of the PS mass and MnP 34.8% of the PS mass in a 40d degradation cycle. Compared with the degradation of PS, the degradation efficiency of the LiP and the MnP to the PLA is high, and the degradation effect is good. After 40 days, the mass loss of PLA treated by LiP reaches 71.6 percent; under the action of MnP, PLA can achieve a better removal effect within 20 days. FTIR further verified that the plastic film was oxidized.
The method adopted by the invention has the advantages of considerable economy, no generation of additional pollution, simplicity and effectiveness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows the mass loss of two plastic films PS and PLA in a medium for directional LiP production;
FIG. 2 shows the mass loss of two plastic films PS and PLA in the MnP oriented culture medium;
FIG. 3 shows the change in the functional groups on the surface of PS (A) and PLA (B) membranes after treatment in LiP-producing medium for 40 d;
FIG. 4 shows the change in the functional groups on the surface of PS (A) and PLA (B) membranes after treatment in MnP producing medium for 40 d;
FIG. 5 is the infrared data of the PS plastic film treated in vitro by LiP for 11 x 6 h;
fig. 6 is infrared data after the PLA plastic film is treated in vitro for 11 × 6h by LiP;
FIG. 7 shows the mass loss of two plastic films PS and PLA in Kirk medium.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every intervening value, to the extent any stated value or intervening value in a stated range, and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The Phanerochaete pachyrhizus (P. chrysosporium) in the following examples was purchased from the China center for type culture Collection (Wuhan, China), and had the original collection number of BKMF1767 and the CCTCC collection number of AF 96007.
Example 1
1. Culture of Phanerochaete pachyrhizus in logarithmic growth phase
(1) A preferred medium for the directed production of LiP comprises (L) -1 ): 10g glucose, 0.5g ammonium tartrate, 2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g Tween 80, 0.001gVB 1 70mL of trace element solution, pH 4.5.
(2) A preferred MnP-producing medium has a composition of (L) -1 ): 10g of grapeGlucose, 0.2g of ammonium tartrate, 2.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g of calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g of Tween 80, 0.01gVB1 and 70mL of trace element liquid, wherein the pH value is adjusted to 5.0.
(3) Composition (L) of microelement liquid -1 ): 1.5g of nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1g of sodium chloride, 0.1g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g of cobalt sulfate, 0.1g of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.01g of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g of sodium molybdate dihydrate and 0.01g of boric acid.
(4) Taking out Phanerochaete pachyrhizus culture dish stored at 4 deg.C, activating in constant temperature incubator at 37 deg.C for 30min, adding activated spore into sterile water to form spore suspension, and adjusting to concentration of 2.0 × 10 with turbidimeter 6 cfu·mL -1 . Inoculating 1mL of spore suspension into 250mL of liquid culture medium for directionally producing LiP and MnP respectively, and culturing for 3 days in a constant-temperature shaking incubator at 35 ℃ and 150rpm, wherein the Phanerochaete pachyrhizus immediately enters logarithmic phase.
2. Sterilization of two plastic films
Regular plastic films were stirred in a fresh solution of tween 80/bleach/water (7:10:983, v/v) for 30min per sample; then taking out each film by using a sterile forceps, transferring the film into a beaker with a cover and containing sterile water, and stirring the film for 60min at room temperature; the membrane was then aseptically transferred to a standing 70% (v/v) ethanol solution and left for 30 min. The plastic film was dried overnight at 40 deg.C (too high a temperature for the plastic film to deform, too low to dry), then allowed to equilibrate to room temperature and weighed for recording. The sterilized films were stored at 4 ℃.
3. Inoculated plastic film
In the operating station, sterilized plastic films PLA (5X 5cm, thickness 0.25mm) and PS (5X 5cm, thickness 0.2mm), respectively, were placed in the LiP-oriented and MnP-oriented media, respectively, which entered the logarithmic growth phase. Subsequently, the cells were shake-cultured at 150rpm in an incubator at 35 ℃. Every 10 days is one period, sampling and weighing, and after re-sterilization, entering the culture of the next period. And the fourth degradation period is ended, and the functional group change of the plastic films of the experimental group and the control group is measured.
FIG. 1 shows the mass loss of two plastic films in LiP-producing medium. It was found that in the first 20d, the two plastic films had less loss of mass; after 20d, the mass loss of the plastic film is accelerated, and the mass loss of the biodegradable plastic PLA under the same conditions is more. In the first 20 days of degradation, the two plastic films keep higher strength, the plastic molds are compact, the bioavailability is poor, and the quality loss is small; after 20d of biological action and oscillation, the plastic film is damaged and cracked, the biological utilization is accelerated, and the quality loss is aggravated; as the degradation proceeds further, the degradation of the plastic is further accelerated. For biodegradable plastics, the degraded products are easier to be biologically utilized, and the strength of the biodegradable plastics is lower than that of traditional petroleum and plastics, so that the quality loss speed is high, and the loss rate is high. Experiments show that the LiP has different degradation effects on biodegradable plastic PLA and traditional petroleum-based plastic, the mass loss of PS reaches 43.9% after 40d, and the mass loss of PLA reaches 71.6%.
FIG. 2 shows the mass loss of two plastic films in MnP-producing medium. Unlike in the LiP-producing medium, there is a greater degradation of PLA in the first 20d of the degradation cycle, with a mass loss of greater than 30% already at 10d and close to 100% already at 20 d. In contrast, little mass loss was seen with the conventional petroleum-based plastic PS during the first 10d of the degradation cycle, with mass loss approaching 0. After 10d, the PS mass loss accelerates. At degradation 40d, the mass loss of PS was 34.8%. Experiments show that MnP has degradation effects on two plastics in different degrees. For PLA, a considerable loss of mass (close to 100%) can be achieved during the first half of the degradation cycle (first 20 d).
FIG. 3 shows the change of functional groups on the surface of PS (FIG. 3A) and PLA (FIG. 3B) membranes after treatment in LiP-producing medium for 40 d. To further demonstrate the degradation of both plastic films, both plastic films after 40d were collected, except for the plastic film mass loss recording. After washing and drying, the surface functional group change characterization is carried out by adopting FTIR. The change of the functional groups on the surface of two plastic films caused by LiP is shown in figure 3, PS is on the left side, and PLA is on the right side. From the left PS functional group change diagramTo see, 3024cm -1 And 2921cm -1 Respectively represent the stretching vibration of the methylene and the methyl, the absorption peaks at two positions are obviously enhanced, and the occurrence of chain breakage is also indicated. As can be seen from FIG. 3, at wavelength>3000cm -1 In a wider range, the PS film treated by the LiP for 40d generates an absorption peak relative to a control group, which shows that a large number of terminal hydroxyl groups are generated on the surface of the degraded plastic film, which indicates that the PS and the PLA both have polymer chain fracture, and the length of the end hydroxyl groups is 3200-3500 cm -1 The position has a stronger wide absorption band, which indicates that the hydroxyl is associated with the multi-molecule.
The polylactic acid molecular chain has ester groups, and the degradation process is ended so that the ester groups are randomly broken to generate the polymer molecular chain with terminal hydroxyl and terminal carboxyl. The generated carboxyl can generate catalytic action on hydrolysis, and promote the degradation of PLA inside to generate autocatalytic degradation. With the breakage of PLA main chain, the molecular weight and optical property of PLA are rapidly reduced, a large amount of products such as oligomer and lactic acid monomer are generated, and then lactic acid is further degraded to generate small molecular products (CO) 2 And H 2 O). The mass loss of PLA increases with time.
FIG. 4 shows the change in the surface functional groups of PS (FIG. 4A) and PLA (FIG. 4B) membranes after treatment in MnP producing medium for 40 d. Similarly, the distance is 3000-3500 cm -1 The position shows a wide absorption peak of the terminal hydroxyl, which indicates that MnP has equivalent degradation capability to the two plastics. Comparing fig. 3 and fig. 4, it can be seen that in the same degradation period, the influence of MnP on PLA functional groups is more obvious than the oxidation effect of LiP on PLA, and in the same period, a larger terminal hydroxyl absorption peak appears in the MnP-treated PLA film.
In conclusion, the LiP and MnP produced by the white rot fungi have different degradation effects on the biodegradable plastic PLA and the traditional bio-based plastic. Both enzymes can cause the cleavage of the PS polymer bond and the introduction of hydroxyl groups, with LiP losing 43.9% of the PS mass and MnP 34.8% of the PS mass in a 40d degradation cycle. Compared with the degradation of PS, the degradation efficiency of the LiP and the MnP to the PLA is high, and the degradation effect is good. After 40 days, the mass loss of PLA treated by LiP reaches 71.6 percent; under the action of MnP, PLA can achieve a better removal effect within 20 days. FTIR further verified that the plastic film was oxidized.
Comparative example 1
And constructing a 9mL LiP enzyme activity system, and respectively degrading PS and PLA in vitro.
As shown in table 1, an in vitro enzyme activity system is constructed by veratryl alcohol, tartaric acid, LiP and hydrogen peroxide, and the highest enzyme activity reaction system is obtained by adjusting the proportion of veratryl alcohol and tartaric acid; the enzyme activities of 0h, 2h, 4h and 6h in 4 cycles are explored under the proportion of the highest enzyme activity (in-vitro enzyme activity system of the experimental group 1 in the table 1), as shown in the table 2, the enzyme activities fluctuate within an acceptable range in corresponding time periods, and the enzyme is considered to have no obvious inactivation phenomenon in the 6h reaction process. The subsequent reaction cycle only monitors the enzyme activity of 0h and 6h of the reaction.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Fig. 5-6 are infrared data of two plastic films treated with LiP in vitro for 11 x 6h, and no new functional group was found. In vitro enzyme degradation system experiments show that the in vitro enzyme degradation system has poor degradation effect compared with the enzyme degradation system in a growth medium.
Comparative example 2
The method comprises the following steps of culturing Phanerochaete pachyrhizus by adopting a Kirk culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following specific components: 11.098g glucose, 1.641g anhydrous sodium acetate, 0.221g ammonium tartrate, 0.2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01g calcium chloride, 0.5mL vitamin solution, 1mL inorganic solution. When the phanerochaete pachyrhizi grows to logarithmic growth phase, a sterilized plastic film is inoculated, and non-inoculated bacteria are used as a control. Samples were weighed every 7d to obtain the mass curve shown in figure 7. As can be seen from the combination of FIG. 7 and FIGS. 1-2, the use of the targeted LiP and MnP producing medium of the present invention enables efficient degradation of PS and PLA relative to Kirk medium.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce LiP to degrade plastic pollutants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) culturing the white-rot fungi in a culture medium for directionally producing LiP to a logarithmic growth phase to obtain a white-rot fungi culture;
(2) putting the sterilized plastic pollutants into the white rot fungus culture, and continuously culturing for more than 10 days; the plastic contaminant is PS plastic or PLA plastic.
2. The method for promoting oriented production of LiP to degrade plastic pollutants by white rot fungi according to claim 1, wherein the white rot fungi is Phanerochaete pachyrhizus.
3. The method for promoting directional production of LiP for white rot fungi to degrade plastic pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium for directional production of LiP comprises: 10g/L glucose, 0.5g/L ammonium tartrate, 2g/L monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g/L Tween 80, 0.001g/LVB1 and 70mL/L trace element liquid, and the pH value is 4.5.
4. The method for promoting directional production of LiP by white-rot fungi to degrade plastic pollutants according to claim 3, wherein the components of the quantitative liquid comprise: 1.5g/L nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1g/L sodium chloride, 0.1g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L cobalt sulfate, 0.1g/L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1g/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.01g/L aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g/L sodium molybdate dihydrate and 0.01g/L boric acid.
5. The method for promoting directional production of LiP for degrading plastic pollutants by white rot fungi according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the culture conditions are as follows: 35 ℃ and 150 rpm.
6. A method for promoting white rot fungi to directionally produce MnP to degrade plastic pollutants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) culturing the white-rot fungi in a culture medium for directionally producing MnP to a logarithmic growth phase to obtain a white-rot fungi culture;
(2) putting the sterilized plastic pollutants into the white rot fungus culture, and continuously culturing for more than 10 days; the plastic contaminant is PS plastic or PLA plastic.
7. The method for promoting oriented production of MnP by white rot fungi to degrade plastics pollutants according to claim 6, wherein the white rot fungi is Phanerochaete pachyrhizus.
8. The method for promoting oriented production of MnP degrading plastics pollutant by white rot fungus according to claim 7, wherein the medium for oriented production of LiP comprises: 10g/L glucose, 0.2g/L ammonium tartrate, 2.0g/L monopotassium phosphate, 0.15g/L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L calcium chloride dihydrate, 1g/L Tween 80, 0.01g/LVB1 and 70mL/L trace element liquid, and the pH value is 5.0.
9. The method for promoting oriented production of MnP by white rot fungi to degrade plastic pollutants according to claim 8, wherein the composition of the quantitative liquid comprises: 1.5g/L nitrilotriacetic acid, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1g/L sodium chloride, 0.1g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L cobalt sulfate, 0.1g/L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1g/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.01g/L aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g/L sodium molybdate dihydrate and 0.01g/L boric acid.
10. The method for promoting oriented production of MnP degrading plastics pollutant from white rot fungi according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the step (2), the culture conditions are: 35 ℃ and 150 rpm.
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