CN114906911B - Flow self-adaptive counterattack type vortex flocculation system - Google Patents

Flow self-adaptive counterattack type vortex flocculation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114906911B
CN114906911B CN202210492573.5A CN202210492573A CN114906911B CN 114906911 B CN114906911 B CN 114906911B CN 202210492573 A CN202210492573 A CN 202210492573A CN 114906911 B CN114906911 B CN 114906911B
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vortex
flocculation reaction
vortex flocculation
cylinder
water
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CN114906911A (en
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张东海
弓亚栋
张文兵
陈作云
杨柯瑶
马刚
卢勋
赵留辉
周文哲
段晓宏
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China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd
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China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281Installations for water purification using chemical agents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex flocculation system based on an impact impeller, which solves the problem that the treatment of tunnel construction wastewater is difficult to reach the standard in the prior art. The invention comprises a vortex flocculation reaction system, wherein the vortex flocculation reaction system is respectively connected with a water inlet system, a water outlet system and a sludge discharge system, the vortex flocculation reaction system comprises a vortex flocculation reaction cylinder, a central transmission shaft is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder, the central transmission shaft is connected with the vortex flocculation cylinder through a cross fixing plate, a conical vortex generating net and an impact impeller are inserted on the central transmission shaft, the impact impeller is connected with the conical vortex generating net through the central transmission shaft, a shuttle-shaped flow director is arranged at the bottom of the impact impeller, and the shuttle-shaped flow director adopts a hollow structure. Both sides of the conical vortex generating net are ribs with conical structures. The bottom of the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder is provided with a divergent cylinder, and a water inlet is arranged on the divergent cylinder.

Description

Flow self-adaptive counterattack type vortex flocculation system
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution treatment, and relates to a flow self-adaptive counterattack type vortex flocculation system.
The background technology is as follows:
along with the economic development and the daily traffic demand, the tunnel construction quantity is correspondingly and rapidly increased, the tunnel engineering is mostly positioned in mountainous or hilly areas, a large amount of construction wastewater can be generated in the construction process, and if the construction wastewater is not treated and directly discharged, the ecological environment of the construction area can be seriously affected.
The sources of wastewater in the tunnel construction process mainly comprise the following steps: and (1) tunneling the generated wastewater. The external circulating cooling water used in the TBM tunneling process is taken from a nearby river channel, is conveyed to TBM equipment through a pipeline, and is directly discharged after heat exchange. The discharged wastewater is mixed with stone powder to form turbid white; in the construction of the drilling and blasting method, water used for dust fall after tunnel blasting contains a large amount of suspended matters and is discharged.
(2) Rock crevice water in the tunnel. After flowing through the chemical grouting material and concrete on the tunnel wall, the crack water flows into the tunnel drainage ditch, and the water body is turbid white due to the fact that the grouting material and the concrete are mixed.
(3) Water gushes from the water-rich zone of the formation. The water quantity is large, the water quality is different according to different geological conditions, and a large amount of suspended matters are involved after the tunnel is flushed. According to past construction experience, the flow rate of the wastewater discharged from the tunnel is greatly changed from a few cubes per hour to hundreds of cubes per hour, and the wastewater is mainly caused by influences of various factors such as poor geology, tunnel construction progress and the like.
At present, the main method for treating the tunnel construction wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) And (5) natural precipitation. No medicament is added, and the natural precipitation is only needed in a precipitation tank. The sedimentation tank has larger scale, and the microparticles are not easy to be treated, but are relatively economical, such as a pre-sedimentation tank for washing wastewater in the sand and stone processing during the construction period.
(2) And (5) flocculating and settling. And (3) adding a flocculating agent into the sewage, and performing sedimentation separation treatment in a sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank has larger scale and is provided with flocculating agent adding facilities, and the economical degree is inferior to that of a natural sedimentation mode, such as a flocculation sedimentation tank for mixing and flushing waste water of concrete in a construction period, grouting waste water in a dam cofferdam, processing and flushing waste water of sand stone materials and the like.
(3) And (5) mechanical treatment. And (3) adding a flocculating agent into the sewage to enable the sludge to be coagulated and precipitated in a sedimentation tank, and adopting mechanical dehydration treatment for the sludge. The method is suitable for the condition of a large amount of sludge fine particles and a narrow place, but has higher investment and operation cost, and is suitable for mechanical complete sets of equipment such as fine sand recovery, sludge treatment, oily wastewater treatment, sewage recycling and the like in the construction period.
The most common method for treating wastewater in tunnel construction in China is to lead the wastewater to a sedimentation tank, and make the wastewater stay for a certain time to be discharged after suspended matters settle.
Because the land of the tunnel excavation area is usually not large, the available area is greatly limited, and the arrangement of a large sedimentation tank is difficult, the sedimentation time of the wastewater is insufficient, and about 50 to 70 percent of SS in the wastewater can be removed, so that the tunnel construction wastewater is basically discharged beyond standard. The existing investigation shows that only about 10% of the tunnel construction wastewater adopts the precipitation treatment measures, and the rest of the tunnel construction wastewater does not adopt any measures but is directly discharged into a natural channel. Up to now, the treatment of the tunnel construction wastewater reaches the standard still is a great difficulty which puzzles the environmental protection workers, and the treatment not only has trouble in fund, but also becomes a great bottleneck for the treatment of the tunnel wastewater to reach the standard.
At present, novel efficient sedimentation processes such as a high-density process, a sand coagulation process, a magnetic coagulation process and the like are also appeared in the market, but the novel efficient sedimentation processes are not widely applied to treatment of tunnel construction wastewater, and the treatment requirements of tunnel construction wastewater in different areas are difficult to be met by a single technology due to the fact that the quality, the quantity and the pollutant types of the wastewater are greatly different due to different tunnel geological conditions, construction methods and the like.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a flow self-adaptive impact vortex flocculation system based on an impact impeller, which solves the problem that the treatment of tunnel construction wastewater is difficult to reach the standard in the prior art. The invention skillfully uses the working principle of the counterattack impeller, and can reduce the mechanical parts of the device, thereby improving the overall operation reliability of the equipment, having wide flow adaptation range and simple operation, and being applicable to the treatment of factory, site and tunnel construction wastewater.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a flow self-adaptive counterattack vortex flocculation system is characterized in that: the vortex flocculation reaction system is respectively connected with a water inlet system, a water outlet system and a sludge discharge system, the vortex flocculation reaction system comprises a vortex flocculation reaction cylinder, a central transmission shaft is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder and is connected with the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder through an cross fixing plate, a conical vortex generating net and a counterattack type impeller are inserted on the central transmission shaft, and the counterattack type impeller is connected with the conical vortex generating net through the central transmission shaft.
The bottom of the impact impeller is provided with a fusiform deflector which adopts a hollow structure.
Both sides of the conical vortex generating net are ribs with conical structures.
The bottom of the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder is provided with a divergent cylinder, and a water inlet is arranged on the divergent cylinder.
The water outlet system comprises a triangular overflow weir, an annular water collecting tank is arranged at the outer side of the triangular overflow weir, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the annular water collecting tank.
The mud discharging system comprises a PVC mud discharging pipe, and a mud discharging electromagnetic valve is arranged on the PVC mud discharging pipe.
A turbidity sensor is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention can realize the self-adaptive treatment of the device on the construction wastewater flow on the tunnel construction site, and the energy in the running process of the equipment is completely provided by the water pump, so that the equipment has high reliability, low energy consumption and convenient running and maintenance.
2. The flow rate determines the rotation speed of the counter-impact impeller after the water flow impacts the counter-impact impeller, the rotation speed of the grid is determined by the rotation speed of the counter-impact impeller, the larger the flow rate is, the larger the rotation speed of the impeller is, the stronger the dissipation in the device is, the more vortex quantity which is beneficial to flocculation is formed, the larger the sediment sedimentation speed is, the higher the treatment load is, and vice versa.
3. The device has simple structure, convenient maintenance and repair, high automation degree and high equipment operation reliability.
4. The invention can realize unpowered operation under the condition that the incoming water has enough energy.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vortex flocculation reaction system in the present invention.
In the figure: 101-a water inlet, 102-a water inlet pipe, 103-a water inlet valve and 104-an electronic flowmeter;
201-a water inlet, 202-a divergent cylinder, 203-a vortex flocculation reaction cylinder, 204-a fusiform deflector, 205-a counter-impact impeller, 206-a central transmission shaft, 207-a conical vortex generating net and 208-an cross fixing plate;
301-a triangular overflow weir, 302-an annular water collecting tank and 303-a water outlet pipe;
401-a mud discharging pipe and 402 a mud discharging electromagnetic valve.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to an energy-saving and reliable flow self-adaptive reaction type vortex flocculation system which comprises a water inlet system, a dosing system, a vortex flocculation reaction system, a monitoring system, a sludge discharge system and a water outlet system. The water inlet system and the vortex flocculation reaction system are connected into a whole through a central shaft, and the impact force of water flow is utilized to drive the counter-impact impeller and the conical vortex generation net to rotate, so that the self-adaptive adjustment of the running working conditions of the equipment under different water quantity conditions is realized. The invention utilizes Newton's third law and energy conservation law to achieve the purpose of self-adapting the inflow water amount of the equipment, can effectively overcome the large-range fluctuation of the inflow water amount, simultaneously ensures the flocculation effect and the outflow water quality, can better maintain the long-term stable operation of the equipment, has simple operation, reliable operation and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for tunnel wastewater treatment and unpowered water plant operation in hilly areas.
The present invention will be described in detail below:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the loading system comprises a water inlet system, a dosing system, a vortex flocculation reaction system, a monitoring system, a mud discharging system and a water outlet system.
In the water inlet system, after raw water enters the diverging cylinder 202 through the water inlet 201, in order to avoid that the raw water directly impacts the axis of the counter-impact impeller 205, the bottom of the counter-impact impeller 205 is assembled with the fusiform deflector 204, and after the raw water flows through, all directions evenly impact on the blades of the counter-impact impeller 205, so that the counter-impact impeller 205 rotates clockwise, and after the water impacts the blades, the water flow is subjected to a reaction force opposite to the rotation direction of the counter-impact impeller 205 according to the Newton's third law, and the water flow rises anticlockwise to enter the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203.
The central transmission shaft 206 is connected with the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203 through the cross fixing plate 208, and the conical vortex generating net 207 and the impact impeller 205 are inserted on the central transmission shaft 206, so that the spindle-shaped deflector 204 adopts a hollow structure in order to lighten the load of the cross fixing plate 208. After passing through the counter-impact impeller 205, the raw water rises to enter the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203 in a counter-clockwise rotation mode, a conical vortex generating net 207 is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203 in an cross shape on a central transmission shaft 206, the central transmission shaft 206 is connected with the counter-impact impeller 205 in a key mode at the same time, and the conical vortex generating net 207 rotates along with the central transmission shaft 206 under the impact of water flow.
Since the water flow rises counter-clockwise against the clockwise rotation of counter-impact impeller 205, conical swirl imparting net 207 is also counter-current to the water flow rotation, and the water flow impinges on conical swirl imparting net 207 in a counter-current motion. Both sides of the conical vortex generating net 207 are ribs with conical structures, so that water flow which rises in a reverse rotation mode in the rotation process flows through the front face of the conical vortex generating net 207, and the water flow is subjected to reverse pressure difference force to generate boundary layer separation at the tail of the prismatic grid to form vortex flocculation.
The arrangement of the grid bars of the conical vortex generating net 207 follows the principle of 'lower density upper sparse, outer density inner sparse', because water flow enters from the bottom and has higher energy, intense turbulent dissipation can be generated at the dense grid bars, the larger vortex forms a tiny vortex through intense dissipation, meanwhile, the strong dissipation in the initial stage of flocculation can promote the medicament to be completely dispersed, the particle size is smaller, the strong dissipation brings higher particle collision times, and flocculation is promoted. The linear speed of the grid bars is gradually increased from inside to outside, the kinetic energy is also gradually increased, the external grid bars can generate strong turbulent dissipation in the rotating process, the dense grid bars can rapidly dissipate large swirling which is unfavorable for flocculation into micro swirling which is suitable for flocculation, the collision times of particles are increased, and more compact flocs are formed.
After the sedimentation and separation of the inclined tube in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203, the floccule block with larger density is formed to fall off from the bottom of the inclined tube and enter the sludge discharge tube 401, and the floccule block is compressed and sedimented to be gathered into the PVC sludge discharge main pipe through the sludge discharge electromagnetic valve 402 and the PVC sludge discharge branch pipe under the action of hydrostatic pressure and discharged from the reaction system. In the running process of the system, an obvious mud-water separation interface is formed in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203, a turbidity sensor is annularly arranged at a position 50mm below the mud-water separation interface and used for detecting the turbidity of a suspended sludge layer, and the opening and closing of the sludge discharge electromagnetic valve 402 are controlled according to the turbidity of each point, so that the automatic sludge discharge of the device is realized.
In actual operation, the water inlet pump 101 extracts raw water from the regulating tank, passes through the water inlet valve 103, the electronic flowmeter 104, the water inlet 201, the diverging cylinder 202, the rotational flow rises to enter the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203, and passes through the annular triangular overflow weir 301 to enter the annular water collecting tank 302, and finally is discharged out of the reaction system through the water outlet pipe 303.
After raw water enters the diverging cylinder 202 through the water inlet 201, high-pressure water flow is guided to each blade of the counter-impact impeller 205 through the spindle-shaped guide 204, the counter-impact impeller 205 is pushed to rotate clockwise, and the water flow rises into the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203 in a counter-clockwise rotation mode in the opposite direction.
In the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203, a conical vortex generating net 207 is arranged on a central transmission shaft 206 connected with a bottom impact impeller 205, and the central transmission shaft 206 and the conical vortex generating net 207 are connected by keys, when the impact impeller 205 is impacted by water flow to rotate clockwise, the central transmission shaft 206 and the conical vortex generating net 207 rotate clockwise at the same rotating speed, at the moment, the water flow passing through the impact impeller 205 rotates anticlockwise to impact on the windward side of the conical vortex generating net 207 in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203, boundary layer stripping occurs at the tail part of a grid, and vortex promotion flocculation is generated.
After the flocculated effluent in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder 203 rises to a clean water area, the flocculated effluent falls into an annular water collecting tank 302 through an annular triangular overflow weir 301, and then the flocculated effluent is discharged through a water outlet pipe 303.
Examples:
when the water source is a mountain or plateau lake reservoir, the device can cancel the direct connection of the water inlet pump 101 with the water pipe 702, and can realize unpowered operation of the water plant.
When the difference between the water source 701 and the elevation of the equipment is within the range of 35-55 m, the water source 701 is connected to the PVC water inlet pipe 102 through a water pipe 702 and a water delivery gate valve 703, raw water is directly introduced into the device, and enough kinetic energy is provided for unpowered operation of the impact vortex flocculation device and the subsequent treatment unit; when the difference between the elevation of the water source 701 and the elevation of the equipment is larger than 55m, before the water source 701 is connected to the PVC water inlet pipe 102 through the water pipe 702 and the water delivery gate valve 703, an energy dissipation tank 704 needs to be arranged between the water delivery gate valve 703 and the PVC water inlet pipe 102, the running effect and the service life of the device are ensured by the rich kinetic energy of consumed water, and an energy dissipation Chi Zhihui valve 705 is arranged between the energy dissipation tank 704 and the PVC water inlet pipe 102.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all changes that may be made in the equivalent structures described in the specification and drawings of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A flow self-adaptive counterattack vortex flocculation system is characterized in that: the device comprises a vortex flocculation reaction system, wherein the vortex flocculation reaction system is respectively connected with a water inlet system, a water outlet system and a sludge discharge system, the vortex flocculation reaction system comprises a vortex flocculation reaction cylinder (203), a central transmission shaft (206) is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder (203), the central transmission shaft (206) is connected with the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder (203) through an cross fixing plate (209), a conical vortex generating net (207) and an impact impeller (205) are inserted on the central transmission shaft (206), and the impact impeller (205) is connected with the conical vortex generating net (207) through the central transmission shaft (206);
the bottom of the impact impeller (205) is provided with a fusiform deflector (204), and the fusiform deflector (204) adopts a hollow structure;
both sides of the conical vortex generating net (207) are ribs with conical structures;
the bottom of the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder (203) is provided with a divergent cylinder (202), and a water inlet (201) is arranged on the divergent cylinder (202).
2. A flow-adaptive counter-impact vortex flocculation system according to claim 1, wherein: the water outlet system comprises a triangular overflow weir (301), an annular water collecting tank (302) is arranged on the outer side of the triangular overflow weir (301), and a water outlet pipe (303) is arranged on the annular water collecting tank (302).
3. A flow-adaptive counter-impact vortex flocculation system according to claim 2, wherein: the mud discharging system comprises a PVC mud discharging pipe (401), and a mud discharging electromagnetic valve (402) is arranged on the PVC mud discharging pipe (401).
4. A flow-adaptive counter-impact vortex flocculation system according to claim 3, wherein: a turbidity sensor is arranged in the vortex flocculation reaction cylinder (203).
CN202210492573.5A 2022-05-07 2022-05-07 Flow self-adaptive counterattack type vortex flocculation system Active CN114906911B (en)

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CN212982548U (en) * 2020-05-20 2021-04-16 江西绿杉环保工程有限公司 Environment-friendly sewage precipitation device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0655004A (en) * 1992-08-05 1994-03-01 Nippon Steel Corp Treating device for suspension containing metal hydroxide
JP2002058912A (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-26 Nishihara Environ Sanit Res Corp Whirling flow type flocculating/separation equipment
CN204265505U (en) * 2014-10-13 2015-04-15 池万青 Balanced vortex mixed reactor
CN212982548U (en) * 2020-05-20 2021-04-16 江西绿杉环保工程有限公司 Environment-friendly sewage precipitation device

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