CN114906635A

CN114906635A - Top-drive type unloading machine, unloading system and unloading method

Info

Publication number: CN114906635A
Application number: CN202210501165.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁晓政; 马君; 徐春宏
Original assignee: Harbin North General Mec & Elec Equipment Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Harbin North General Mec & Elec Equipment Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2022-08-16

Abstract

A top drive type unloader, an unloading system and an unloading method belong to the technical field of unloading. The invention aims to solve various material blocking problems of a small storage bin which has small inner diameter of a silo and has low requirement on the output force. The top-driving type unloading machine comprises a motor speed reducer device arranged at the top of a storage bin, an inner cone body arranged in the storage bin, a transition shaft and an unloading scraper; the inner cone is in a cylindrical hollow structure, and the whole inner cone is in a gradually expanding structure with the outer diameter from top to bottom, or the middle lower part of the inner cone is provided with a gradually expanding structure with the outer diameter from top to bottom. The discharging system comprises a storage bin and a top-drive type discharging machine, wherein a cone located inside the storage bin is fixed on the inner wall of the storage bin through at least two supporting arms which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the bottom of the storage bin is of a flat-bottom structure, and a center outlet is formed in the flat-bottom center. The inner cone body is used for forming a tapered annular cavity in the space for containing materials in the storage bin, so that the phenomenon of central flow or various material blocking in the storage bin is avoided, and the adaptability of the storage bin to different materials is improved.

Description

Top-drive type unloading machine, unloading system and unloading method

Technical Field

The invention provides a top-drive type unloader for discharging materials from a small-sized storage bin, a discharging system and a discharging method, and belongs to the technical field of discharging materials.

Background

At present, the bottom of a small-sized bin is of a cone hopper structure with a small size, and when the water content of bulk materials in the bin is high and the viscosity is strong, a central flow or various material blocking phenomena often occur above an outlet, so that the safety and stability of the whole process link are influenced.

The prior patent documents with the application numbers of CN202011178883.7, CN112357617A and 2021, 02, 12.3 disclose a scraper feeder, which comprises a scraper, a silo, a discharge cylinder and a driving part, wherein the scraper is fixedly connected with the discharge cylinder, the bottom of the silo is provided with an outlet, the discharge cylinder is rotatably arranged at the outlet at the bottom of the silo, the scraper is positioned at the bottom of the silo and is arranged close to the side wall of the silo, and the driving part drives the discharge cylinder to rotate so that the scraper brings the materials in the silo into the discharge cylinder. The discharging barrel is driven by the driving part to drive the scraper to rotate, so that the flowability of the material is increased, and the material which enters the silo first is discharged first. It can be seen that, in the prior art, the scraper 1 is fixedly connected with the discharge barrel 3, the bottom of the silo 2 is provided with a circular outlet, the discharge barrel 3 is rotatably arranged at the circular outlet at the bottom of the silo 2, the scraper 1 is arranged at the bottom of the silo 2 and is close to the side wall of the silo 2, the driving part drives the discharge barrel 3 to rotate, and the discharge barrel 3 thereby drives the scraper 1 to rotate, so that the scraper 1 brings the materials in the silo 2 into the discharge barrel 3. The internal diameter of the silo bin is more than 5 meters, the driving part is not arranged below the silo bin, the lower part of the large silo bin is provided with an installation and maintenance space, and the silo has large output force and requires high weight of discharged materials per hour, so that the driving device is required to have large power consumption and large occupied space, and is suitable for being placed below. Therefore, the prior art is not suitable for a flexible small storage bin with the inner diameter of less than 5 meters and low output requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:

aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a top-drive type unloader, an unloading system and an unloading method so as to solve various material blocking problems of a small-sized storage bin which has low requirement on small inner diameter of a silo and does not exert much force.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a top drive unloader, the top drive unloader comprising: the device comprises a motor speed reducer device, an inner cone, a transition shaft and a discharging scraper, wherein the motor speed reducer device is used for being installed at the top of a storage bin; the inner cone is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the outer diameter of the whole inner cone is a gradually expanding structure from top to bottom, or the outer diameter of the middle lower part of the inner cone is a gradually expanding structure from top to bottom; the upper end of a transition shaft positioned in the inner cone is connected with the output end of the motor speed reducer device, and the lower end of the transition shaft extending out of the inner cone is provided with a discharging scraper.

Furthermore, the top-driving type discharging machine further comprises a bearing assembly located above the discharging scraper, the upper end of the inner cone is mounted on the upper cover of the storage bin, the lower end face of the inner cone is close to the bottom end of the storage bin, and the bearing assembly is mounted in the lower end of the inner cone and used for the transition shaft to penetrate through.

Furthermore, the bearing assembly comprises a supporting plate, a bearing seat, a bearing end cover and a bearing, wherein the supporting plate is fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner cone, the bearing seat is installed on the supporting plate, and the bearing is installed in the bearing seat through the bearing end cover.

Furthermore, the discharging scraper is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped bending direction is consistent with the rotating direction of the discharging scraper.

Further, the discharging scraper is made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and/or high-temperature-resistant materials, and a convex structure is arranged on the surface of the discharging scraper.

Furthermore, the upper end of the inner cone extends out of the upper cover of the storage bin or is at least flush with the upper cover of the storage bin, a space for containing materials in the storage bin forms a reducing annular cavity through the inner cone, the outer diameter R1 of the upper end of the inner cone is one seventh to one fifth of the inner diameter of the storage bin, and the outer diameter R2 of the lower end of the inner cone is one third to one second of the inner diameter of the storage bin.

Furthermore, one end face of the discharging scraper is provided with a scraper rib plate, and the discharging scraper is provided with a group of air outlet holes.

The other technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a top drive formula system of unloading, the system include the feed bin and the top drive formula unloader, the support arm that the cone that is located feed bin inside set up through two at least circumference equipartitions is fixed at the feed bin inner wall, the bottom of feed bin is flat structure, and flat center sets up the central export.

Furthermore, each supporting arm is provided with a plurality of through holes along the vertical direction, and the top of the upper cover of the storage bin is provided with at least three feeding holes which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and are aligned with the tapered annular cavity.

The other technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: a discharging method is realized based on the top drive type discharging system, and the specific process is as follows:

and starting a motor speed reducer device at the top of the storage bin, starting the transition shaft to rotate so as to drive the discharging scraper to rotate, opening the central outlet, discharging the bulk materials in the tapered annular cavity to the central outlet below the inner cone layer by layer through the rotating discharging scraper, and entering the next-stage conveying equipment to finish the discharging process.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following beneficial technical effects and advantages that:

the top-driven type discharging machines are arranged at the top and inside of the storage bin, namely the top-driven type discharging machines are arranged at the top and inside of the storage bin, the motor speed reducer is arranged at the top of the storage bin, the tail end of the motor speed reducer is connected with the transition shaft, the inner cone is arranged inside the storage bin and fixed in the storage bin through the supporting arm, the inner cone is of a hollow structure, the transition shaft penetrates through the hollow structure of the inner cone, the tail end of the transition shaft is provided with the discharging scraper, the bottom of the storage bin is of a flat-bottom structure, and the center of the flat bottom is provided with the center outlet. The top drive type unloading machine drives the unloading scraper to rotate through the driving of a motor speed reducer device arranged above the stock bin, and the unloading scraper unloads bulk materials in the stock bin to a central outlet below the inner cone and enters the next-stage conveying equipment to finish the unloading process. The support arm is fixed in between inside cone and the feed bin lateral wall, and support arm one end is connected with inside cone, and the other end is connected with the feed bin inner wall. The supporting arm is of a ridge structure and is arranged between the inner cone and the bin body.

The internal cone is arranged in the bin, the bulk materials are uniformly distributed to the space between the bin and the internal cone, the central flow phenomenon is avoided, the motor speed reducer device drives the discharging scraper to rotate, the materials in the bin are uniformly and orderly conveyed to the next-stage conveying equipment according to the first-in first-out discharging principle, and the possibility that the bulk materials generate various material blocking phenomena in the bin can be thoroughly eliminated. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the overall height of the storage bin is reduced under the condition that the volume of the storage bin is not changed, the manufacturing cost is low, the adaptability of the storage bin to various bulk materials is greatly improved, and the safe and stable operation of the whole production link is ensured.

The inner cone body is used for forming a gradually-reduced annular cavity in the space for accommodating materials in the storage bin, so that the phenomenon of central flow or various material blocking in the storage bin is avoided, and the adaptability of the storage bin to different materials is fundamentally improved. In the technical field of unloading, nobody proposed a top drive type unloader, namely, the top of a bin of a motor speed reducer device, and the lower part of the bin has no installation and maintenance space for a flexible small bin with the inner diameter of less than 5 meters and low output requirement. In the top-driving type discharging mode, the discharging barrel does not need to rotate, and the problem can be solved by arranging the motor reducer on the top of the bin due to the fact that the discharging barrel rotates (in the patent document in the background art, the discharging barrel rotates during discharging, and a central outlet does not rotate easily, so that complete sealing is not easy to realize, and the control of the opening and closing of the discharging barrel is inconvenient).

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is another front view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the discharge scraper;

in the figure: 1. a storage bin; 2. a motor reducer device; 3. a transition shaft; 4. an inner cone; 5. a support arm; 5-1, through holes; 6. a discharging scraper; 6-1, scraping a rib plate; 6-2, air outlet holes; 7. a central outlet; 8. a bearing assembly; 8-1, a support plate; 8-2, bearing seats; 8-3, bearing end covers; 8-4, bearing; 9. a swivel joint.

Detailed Description

The first specific implementation way is as follows: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the present embodiment: the utility model provides a top drive type unloader, at 1 top of feed bin and inside set up top drive type unloader, 1 top installation motor speed reducer device 2 of feed bin, 2 end-to-end connection transition axles of motor

speed reducer device

3, 1 inside cone 4 that sets up of feed bin, inside cone 4 passes through support arm 5 to be fixed in feed bin 1, inner cone 4 is hollow structure, transition axle 3 passes 4 hollow structure of inner cone, 3 end-to-end installations of transition axle are unloaded scraper 6, the bottom of feed bin 1 is flat structure, flat center sets up central export 7.

The top-drive type unloading machine further comprises a bearing assembly 8 positioned above the unloading scraper 6, the upper end of the inner cone 4 is mounted on the upper cover of the storage bin 1, the lower end face of the inner cone 4 is close to the bottom end of the storage bin 1, and the bearing assembly is mounted in the lower end of the inner cone 4 and used for the transition shaft 3 to penetrate through; the bearing assembly 8 comprises a supporting plate 8-1, a bearing seat 8-2, a bearing end cover 8-3 and a bearing 8-4, the supporting plate 8-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner cone 4, the bearing seat 8-2 is installed on the supporting plate 8-1, and the bearing 8-4 is installed in the bearing seat 8-2 through the bearing end cover 8-3.

In addition, all parts needing sealing in the invention are sealed.

The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, in which the discharging blade 6 is arc-shaped, and the curved direction of the arc-shaped discharging blade is consistent with the rotating direction of the discharging blade 6.

In this embodiment, the curved bending direction of the discharging scraper 6 is consistent with the rotating direction of the discharging scraper 6, and the bulk materials in the tapered annular cavity of the discharging scraper 6 are discharged layer by layer to the central outlet 7 below the inner cone 4 in the rotating process and enter the next-stage conveying equipment to complete the discharging process.

Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the discharging scraper 6 of the present embodiment is made of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and/or high-temperature-resistant material, and has a convex structure on the surface.

In this embodiment, the discharging scraper 6 is made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and/or high-temperature-resistant material, and the surface of the discharging scraper 6 is subjected to knurling, sand blasting and other treatments, so that the wear-resistant performance is high.

Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, the upper end of the inner cone 4 of the embodiment extends out of the upper cover of the silo 1 or is at least flush with the upper cover of the silo 1, the space for containing materials in the silo 1 forms a tapered annular cavity through the inner cone 4, the outer diameter R1 of the upper end of the inner cone 4 is one seventh to one fifth of the inner diameter of the silo 1, and the outer diameter R2 of the lower end of the inner cone 4 is one third to one second of the inner diameter of the silo 1.

In the embodiment, under the condition that the inner cone 4 does not change the volume of the storage bin, the overall height of the storage bin is reduced, the manufacturing cost is low, the adaptability of the storage bin to various bulk materials is greatly improved, and the safe and stable operation of the whole production link is ensured.

Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The fifth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, one end surface of the discharging scraper 6 is provided with a scraper rib 6-1, and a set of air outlets 6-2 is opened on the discharging scraper 6.

In the embodiment, the strength of the discharging scraper 6 is enhanced by the scraper rib plate 6-1 on the end surface of the discharging scraper 6, the air outlet 6-2 arranged on the discharging scraper 6 is used for ejecting high-pressure gas, the transition shaft 3 is arranged to be a hollow structure, a gas channel is arranged in the hollow structure, the gas channel is arranged in the discharging scraper 6, one end of the transition shaft 3 connected with the motor reducer 2 extends out of a section to be connected with a high-pressure gas source, the sealing between the gas source pipe and the transition shaft 3 adopts a rotary joint 9 or other standard parts capable of ensuring the sealing effect, the rotary motion of the gas source pipe and the transition shaft 3 is ensured not to interfere, the gas enters the discharging scraper 6 from the transition shaft 3 and then is ejected out from the air outlet 6-2, the gas blows away materials with higher viscosity, and the adaptability of the storage bin to various bulk materials is improved, wherein the rotary joint 9 is a common standard part or a part known by technicians in the field, The structure and principle of the device can be known by technicians through technical manuals.

Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: the top-drive discharging system of the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and includes a storage bin 1 and the top-drive discharging machine of any one of the first to seventh embodiments, wherein a cone 4 located inside the storage bin 1 is fixed on an inner wall of the storage bin 1 by at least two supporting arms 5 uniformly distributed circumferentially, the bottom of the storage bin 1 is of a flat-bottom structure, and a central outlet 7 is arranged at the center of the flat bottom.

The seventh embodiment: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment, each support arm 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 5-1 along the vertical direction, and the top of the upper cover of the storage bin 1 is provided with at least three feeding ports which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and are aligned with the tapered annular cavity.

The top drive type discharging system in the embodiment can feed the upper end and discharge the lower end at the same time, feed the materials firstly and then discharge the materials, three feeding ports which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and are aligned with the annular cavity are arranged at the top of the upper cover of the storage bin 1, and a plurality of through holes 5-1 in the vertical direction are arranged on the supporting arm 5 to help the materials fall.

Other components and connection relations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.

The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 5, and the unloading method in the present embodiment is implemented based on the above top drive unloading system, and includes the following specific processes:

and starting the motor reducer device 2 at the top of the storage bin 1, starting the transition shaft 3 to rotate so as to drive the discharging scraper 6 to rotate, opening the central outlet 7, discharging the bulk materials in the tapered annular cavity to the central outlet 7 below the inner cone 4 layer by layer through the rotating discharging scraper 6, and entering the next-stage conveying equipment to finish the discharging process.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following advantages:

the internal cone 4 is arranged in the bin 1, the bulk materials are uniformly distributed to the space between the bin 1 and the internal cone 4, the central flow phenomenon is avoided, the motor reducer device 2 drives the discharging scraper 6 to rotate, the materials in the bin 1 are uniformly and orderly conveyed to the next-stage conveying equipment according to the first-in first-out discharging principle, and the possibility that the bulk materials generate various material blocking phenomena in the bin 1 can be thoroughly eliminated. Compared with the prior art, under the condition of not changing the volume of the stock bin 1, the whole height of the stock bin 1 is reduced, the manufacturing cost is low, the adaptability of the stock bin 1 to various bulk materials is greatly improved, and the safe and stable operation of the whole production link is ensured.

The working process and the principle of the top drive type unloading machine are as follows:

the top driving type unloading machine is arranged at the top and inside of the stock bin 1, the motor reducer device 2 arranged above the stock bin 1 drives the unloading scraper 6 to rotate, and the unloading scraper 6 unloads bulk materials in the stock bin to the central outlet 7 below the inner cone and enters the next-stage conveying equipment to finish the unloading process. During operation, the feeding and the discharging can be carried out simultaneously at the upper end and the lower end, and the feeding and the discharging can be carried out firstly and then, the discharging is carried out, and the discharging scraper 6 is utilized to scrape a layer and then falls down through the central outlet 7.

While the technical content and the technical features of the invention have been disclosed, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications based on the disclosure of the invention without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the disclosure of the embodiments, but should include various alternatives and modifications without departing from the invention and encompassed by the following claims.

Claims

1. A top drive unloader, the top drive unloader comprising: the device comprises a motor speed reducer device (2) arranged at the top of a storage bin (1), an inner cone (4) arranged in the storage bin (1), a transition shaft (3) and a discharging scraper (6); the inner cone (4) is of a cylindrical hollow structure, and the whole inner cone is of a gradually-expanding structure with the outer diameter from top to bottom, or the middle lower part of the inner cone is provided with a gradually-expanding structure with the outer diameter from top to bottom; the upper end of a transition shaft (3) positioned in the inner cone (4) is connected with the output end of the motor speed reducer device (2), and a discharging scraper (6) is installed at the lower end of the transition shaft (3) extending out of the inner cone (4).

2. The top drive discharging machine according to claim 1, further comprising a bearing assembly (8) located above the discharging scraper (6), wherein the upper end of the inner cone (4) is mounted on the upper cover of the storage bin (1), the lower end surface of the inner cone (4) is close to the bottom end of the storage bin (1), and the bearing assembly is mounted in the lower end of the inner cone (4) for the transition shaft (3) to pass through.

3. A top drive unloader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bearing assembly (8) comprises a support plate (8-1), a bearing seat (8-2), a bearing cap (8-3) and a bearing (8-4), the support plate (8-1) is fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner cone (4), the bearing seat (8-2) is mounted on the support plate (8-1), and the bearing (8-4) is mounted in the bearing seat (8-2) through the bearing cap (8-3).

4. A top drive unloader according to claim 1, wherein the discharge blade (6) is curved in an arc shape with a curved direction corresponding to the rotational direction of the discharge blade (6).

5. A top drive discharger according to claim 1 wherein the discharge blade (6) is made of a wear, corrosion and/or high temperature resistant material and has a raised structure on its surface.

6. The top drive discharging machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the inner cone (4) protrudes out of the upper cover of the silo (1) or is at least flush with the upper cover of the silo (1), the space for containing the materials in the silo (1) forms a tapered annular cavity through the inner cone (4), the outer diameter R1 of the upper end of the inner cone (4) is one seventh to one fifth of the inner diameter of the silo (1), and the outer diameter R2 of the lower end of the inner cone (4) is one third to one second of the inner diameter of the silo (1).

7. A top drive unloader according to claim 1, wherein one end face of the unloading scraper (6) is provided with a scraper rib (6-1), and the unloading scraper (6) is provided with a set of air outlet holes (6-2).

8. A top-drive discharging system, which is characterized by comprising a storage bin 1 and the top-drive discharging machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a cone (4) positioned inside the storage bin (1) is fixed on the inner wall of the storage bin (1) through at least two supporting arms (5) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the bottom of the storage bin (1) is of a flat-bottom structure, and a central outlet (7) is arranged in the center of the flat bottom.

9. A top drive type discharging system according to claim 8, wherein each supporting arm (5) is provided with a plurality of through holes (5-1) along the up-down direction, and the upper cover (top) of the storage bin (1) is provided with at least three feeding ports which are circumferentially uniformly distributed and are aligned with the tapered annular cavity.

10. The discharging method is realized based on the top drive type discharging system, and the specific process is as follows:

the motor reducer device (2) at the top of the storage bin (1) is started, the transition shaft (3) starts to rotate so as to drive the discharging scraper (6) to rotate, the central outlet (7) is opened, and bulk materials in the tapered annular cavity are discharged to the central outlet (7) below the inner cone (4) layer by layer through the rotating discharging scraper (6) and enter the next-stage conveying equipment to finish the discharging process.