CN114905013A - Crystallizer casting powder suitable for casting round billets with diameter of 1000mm and above and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Crystallizer casting powder suitable for casting round billets with diameter of 1000mm and above and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114905013A CN114905013A CN202210533714.3A CN202210533714A CN114905013A CN 114905013 A CN114905013 A CN 114905013A CN 202210533714 A CN202210533714 A CN 202210533714A CN 114905013 A CN114905013 A CN 114905013A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to crystallizer casting powder suitable for casting round billets with the diameter of 1000mm and above and a preparation method thereof, and the casting powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: CaO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent and less than or equal to 27.5 percent, and SiO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent 2 ≤27.5％，10.5％≤Al 2 O 3 ≤19.5％，3.0％≤MgO≤8.0％，0≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤4.0％，2.0％≤F≤7.0％，1.0％≤BaO≤4.0％，1.0％≤MnO≤5.0％，0％≤Na 2 O is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, C is more than or equal to 8.0 percent and less than or equal to 16.0 percent, and the balance is impurities. Wherein, CaO/SiO 2 Is 1.0 to 1.40. The invention effectively solves the problem of casting blank lubrication in the process of continuous casting of the medium carbon steel round billet with the diameter of 1000mm or more, reduces the quality defects of depression, longitudinal cracks, non-metallic inclusions and the like on the surface of the casting blank while improving the casting blank lubrication, improves the surface quality of the casting blank and improves the continuous casting efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to crystallizer casting powder during molten steel casting, in particular to carbon casting powder in a crystallizer suitable for large-size round billet casting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The round billet with the diameter of 1000mm or more is the specification of the continuous casting round billet researched by the applicant, and no mature medium carbon steel casting powder product is used at present. In the initial stage of product development, various types of carbon steel covering slag with the section smaller than phi 1000mm are used, and the produced casting blank has serious defects of surface depression, cracks and the like. The method is caused by the obvious change of the solidification characteristics of molten steel after the specification of a round billet is increased, the adjustment cannot be simply realized through the change of the dosage of the casting powder, and a new medium carbon casting powder with a component design must be developed to ensure the production accuracy of medium carbon steel with the diameter of 1000mm and above and the quality of casting blank products.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the protective slag of the continuous casting crystallizer are as follows: in the process of large round billet continuous casting, Al in molten steel is adsorbed along with the covering slag 2 O 3 After the inclusion and oxidation of the precipitates, the melting point and viscosity of the mold flux are further increased, so that the lubricating property of the mold flux is insufficient to damage the smooth continuous casting.
The crystallizer casting powder is beneficial to coordinating the contradiction between the melting point and the lubrication after the carbon steel absorbs impurities in the round billet in the continuous casting process and the viscosity is increased, and is beneficial to the smooth continuous casting, so that the quality of a casting blank and the continuous casting production efficiency are improved; meanwhile, the heat transfer of a slag film is adjusted by designing crystallization components of the casting powder, so that the tendency of surface cracks of a casting blank is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the crystallizer casting powder suitable for casting round billets with the diameter of 1000mm and above comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: CaO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent and less than or equal to 27.5 percent, and SiO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent 2 ≤27.5％，10.5％≤Al 2 O 3 ≤19.5％，3.0％≤MgO≤8.0％，0≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤4.0％，2.0％≤F≤7.0％，1.0％≤BaO≤4.0％，1.0％≤MnO≤5.0％，0％≤Na 2 O is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, C is more than or equal to 8.0 percent and less than or equal to 16.0 percent, and the balance is impurities.
Preferably, the CaO/SiO 2 Is 1.0 to 1.40.
As one embodiment of the application, the crystallizer protection slag comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: CaO 22.85%, SiO 2 21.77% for F, 4.59% for Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO and Na is 21.59% 2 3.53% of O, 1.59% of MnO, 2.12% of BaO, Fe 2 O 3 1.53%, C11.5%, and the balance impurities.
As one embodiment of the application, the crystallizer casting powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: CaO 24.12%, SiO 2 23.42% of F, 3.61% of Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO and Na is 19.52% 2 O is 3.91%, Fe 2 O 3 1.72%, MnO 1.95%, BaO 2.03%, C10.52%, and the balance impurities.
As one embodiment of the application, the crystallizer casting powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: CaO 24.5%, SiO 2 21.5%, F3.91%, Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO and Na is 20.51 percent 2 O is 3.55%, Fe 2 O 3 1.15%, MnO 2.59%, BaO 1.98%, C9.85%, and the balance impurities.
The invention provides a continuous casting crystallizer casting powder chemical composition action mechanism and the limit of the addition thereof as follows:
CaO: is the main component of the mineral phase of the gunite in the covering slag, and has wide source and low cost. In chemical analysis, Ca element brought by calcium fluoride in fluorite is converted into CaO in corresponding weight percentage. Because CaO is the main component of the crystalline phase, and the covering slag needs to be crystallized quickly at a meniscus to control heat transfer, the weight percentage of the components needs to be higher, and the excessively high CaO causes the initial crystallization capacity of the covering slag to be excessively strong, improves the crystallization temperature of the covering slag, deteriorates lubrication to a certain extent, and is determined to be in the following weight percentage range through theoretical design and experimental verification: CaO is 19.5% to 27.5% (the portion of fluorite containing Ca in terms of CaO).
SiO 2 : the main acidic oxide in the casting powder and one of main components of the gunite are important network structure formers in the casting powder, and react with the alkaline oxide to generate a low-melting-point compound so as to reduce the melting point of the casting powder. The melting point and crystallization property of the covering slag can be adjusted by controlling the addition amount of the SiO 2 The thickness of the liquid slag film near the meniscus can be maintained at a certain level, and the lubrication is improved. But too high SiO 2 The crystallization property of the covering slag is easy to weaken, and through theoretical design and experiments, the invention finally uses SiO 2 The content is controlled to be more than or equal to 19.5 percent SiO 2 ≤27.5％。
F: is the main fluxing agent in the casting powder and is also one of the main components for generating the kyanite. The additive is added within a certain range, so that the high-temperature viscosity of the covering slag can be reduced, the consumption of the covering slag is increased, and the lubrication is improved to a certain extent. If the amount of the additive is too much when the basicity is high, the precipitation of a high-melting-point phase is easily promoted, which is unfavorable for lubrication. F in the casting powder is brought in by fluorite, and Ca in the fluorite is converted into CaO in corresponding weight percentage during chemical component analysis. Through theoretical design and experiments, the content of F is controlled within the range of 2.0-7.0%.
Al 2 O 3 ：Al 2 O 3 The amphoteric oxide belongs to a network structure forming body in the alkaline slag and can adjust the crystallization property of the slag within a certain range. Adding Al to the slag z O 3 The viscosity of the slag is increased, but it may lower the solidification point of the slag, thereby improving the crystallizer lubrication. Through theoretical design and experiments, the invention uses Al 2 O 3 The content is controlled as follows: al is more than or equal to 10.5% 2 O 3 ≤19.5％。
MgO, which belongs to an alkaline earth metal oxide and partially replaces CaO in the mold flux, also improves the lubricating property of the mold flux, and MgO is a preferable component of the mold flux because it can reduce the viscosity and the solidification point of the flux. The addition of MgO can increase the fluidity of the slag and increase the slag consumption when the slag keeps the same viscosity and softening point. In addition, the addition of a suitable amount of MgO to the slag is advantageous in improving the chemical stability of the slag. Through theoretical design and experiments, the invention controls the MgO content as follows: MgO is more than or equal to 3.0 percent and less than or equal to 8.0 percent.
BaCO 3 :Ba 2+ Has an electrostatic potential of less than Ca 2+ It can be more in the ionic state. AlO with weak electrostatic potential 2 - Clustered at Ba 2+ Around, weak ion pairs may be formed, so the increase of Ba in the slag causes the slag to absorb Al 2 O 3 The ability of (a) to be enhanced. It lowers the melting temperature and viscosity. BaO improves slag melting TiO 2 Speed of preventing CaTiO 3 Is performed. The BaO in the slag can promote the increase of a low-melting-point silicate glass phase, hinder the crystallization of liquid slag, improve the lubricating effect of the slag and improve the surface quality of a casting blank. Through theoretical design and experiments, the invention controls the BaO weight percentage to be within the range of between 1.0 and 4.0 percent.
MnCO 3 With the increase of MnO content, the transparency of the slag to infrared electromagnetic light waves is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient of the slag is reduced; this is because MnO coloration acts and promotes crystallite precipitation (Ca) 4 F 2 Si 2 O 7 、Ca 2 SiO 2 F 2 ) The radiation heat transfer of the slag is reduced, the influence on the crystallization temperature is small, and the water gap is seriously eroded. In addition, the slag contains a small amount of MnO, which is beneficial to increasing the chemical stability of the slag. MnO is in the range of 2.0-10.0% and can reduce the viscosity of the medium carbon steel slag to a certain extent. Through theoretical design and experiments, the invention controls the MnO weight percentage to be within the range of between 1.0 and 5.0 percent.
Fe 2 O 3 : has strong oxidizing property, and Fe should be added 2 O 3 The amount of the Fe is controlled in a lower range, oxygen enrichment to molten steel is avoided, and through theoretical design and experiments, the Fe-Fe alloy is prepared by using Fe 2 O 3 The weight percentage is controlled in the range of less than 4.0%.
C: the protective slag has the function of skeleton isolation, is mainly used for adjusting the melting speed of the protective slag and preventing the generation of over sintering. Through theoretical design and experiments, the content of C is controlled to be between 8.0% and 16.0%.
The preparation method of the crystallizer casting powder comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material preparation: the components in the crystallizer casting powder are prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
wollastonite: SiO 2 2 ：51.0±3.5％，CaO：42.0±3.5％；
Fluorite: CaF 2 ≥92.0％，SiO 2 ＜5.0％，CaCO 3 ＜3.5％；
Glass: SiO 2 2 ：71±2.0％，Al 2 O 3 ＜5.0％，Na 2 O≥9.0％；
Calcined bauxite: al (Al) 2 O 3 ≥85.0％；
Industrial soda: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ≥98.0％；
Barium carbonate BaCO 3 ≥99.0％
Manganese carbonate: MnCO 3 ≥92.0％
Carbon black: fixed carbon is more than or equal to 98.0 percent;
graphite: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 93.0 percent;
step two, calculating the weight percentage of the corresponding raw materials in the step one according to the weight percentage of each target chemical component in the crystallizer covering slag;
step three, weighing corresponding raw materials according to the calculation result of the step two; putting the weighed raw materials into a furnace except the carbonaceous materials for melting uniformly, preserving the heat at 1250-1400 ℃ for more than 30min, discharging, and then quenching with water and cooling to obtain a pre-melted material;
step four, crushing and grinding the pre-molten material through a fine screen, adding a carbon material prepared in advance, starting ball milling, adding water and a binder in the ball milling process, and grinding to prepare slurry;
and step five, granulating and drying the slurry obtained in the step four, wherein the moisture content is not more than 0.5%, and the granularity is less than 2.0 mm.
Step four, grinding the pre-melted material, and then sieving the ground pre-melted material through a fine sieve of 300 meshes, wherein the addition amount of water is 0.5-3 times of the weight of the dry material in the ball milling process, and the addition amount of the binder is 1% -2% of the weight of the dry material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the casting blank lubrication in the continuous casting process of the medium carbon steel round billet with the diameter of 1000mm and above is effectively solved, the quality defects of depression, longitudinal cracks, non-metallic inclusions and the like on the surface of the casting blank are reduced while the casting blank lubrication is improved, the surface quality of the casting blank is improved, and the continuous casting efficiency is improved. Through tests, the crystallizer casting powder is suitable for casting medium carbon steel round billets with the carbon content of 0.2-0.6 wt%.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The preparation method of the crystallizer covering slag for continuous casting of carbon steel in round billets with the diameter of more than or equal to 1000mm comprises the following steps:
1) raw materials and requirements: the casting powder is prepared by designing the following substances and other various raw materials, detecting the chemical components of the following substances, and selecting the substances of which the chemical components in percentage by weight meet the following requirements:
wollastonite: SiO 2 2 ：51.0±3.5％，CaO：42.0±3.5％；
Fluorite: CaF 2 ≥92.0％，SiO 2 ＜5.0％，CaCO 3 ＜3.5％；
Glass: SiO 2 2 ：71±2.0％，Al 2 O 3 ＜5.0％，Na 2 O≥9.0％；
Calcined bauxite: al (Al) 2 O 3 ≥85.0％；
Industrial soda: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ≥98.0％；
Barium carbonate BaCO 3 ≥99.0％
Manganese carbonate: MnCO 3 ≥92.0％
Carbon black: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 98.0 percent;
graphite: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 93.0 percent;
2) calculating the weight percentage of each raw material according to the chemical component weight percentage composition condition of the middle carbon steel round billet crystallizer casting slag with the diameter of 1000mm and above;
3) respectively weighing corresponding raw materials according to the calculated weight; putting the weighed raw materials into an electric furnace except the carbon materials for melting uniformly, preserving the heat at 1250-1400 ℃ for about 35min, discharging, and then quenching with water and cooling to obtain a pre-melted material;
4) crushing and grinding the pre-melted material, sieving the pre-melted material with a 300-mesh sieve, adding a pre-prepared carbon material, adding normal-temperature water which is about 1 time of the weight of the dry material and a binder which is 1-2% of the weight of the dry material into a ball mill, and finely grinding for 50 minutes to prepare slurry;
5) and (3) feeding the slurry into a spray particle drying tower for spray granulation and drying, wherein the water content of the finished product is required to be not more than 0.5%, and the granularity is less than 2.0mm, and sealing and bagging the finished product for later use.
Table 1 shows the chemical composition weight percentages of the crystallizer covering slag for continuous casting of carbon steel in large round billets of three examples, and the rest is inevitable impurities except the compositions in the table. Table 2 lists some important properties corresponding to three example mold fluxes. Table 3 shows typical compositions of mold flux versus cast steel grade for three examples.
Table 1 typical chemical composition of the continuous casting mold flux of the present invention (% by weight)
TABLE 2 Properties of the continuous casting mold flux of the present invention
| Examples | Viscosity at 1300 ℃ in Pa.S | Softening Point (. degree. C.) | Melting Point (. degree.C.) | Flow Point (. degree. C.) |
| 1 | 0.730 | 1200 | 1223 | 1241 |
| 2 | 0.758 | 1195 | 1210 | 1238 |
| 3 | 0.825 | 1205 | 1238 | 1256 |
Table 3 typical chemical composition of corresponding steel grades
| C | Si | Mn | |
| 1 | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.60 |
| 2 | 0.41 | 0.25 | 0.72 |
| 3 | 0.47 | 0.30 | 0.78 |
The steel cast by the crystallizer covering slag of the three embodiments is medium carbon steel, the section is phi 1000mm, phi 1100mm and phi 1200mm, and the drawing speed is 0.15 m/min-0.25 m/min. Test results show that the crystallizer has good slag melting in the casting process, the crystallizer has stable heat flow, the protective slag has stable performance in the use process, the heat transfer of the primary blank shell of the meniscus region to the wall of the crystallizer through the slag film can be effectively controlled and uniform, the lubrication of the casting blank is improved, meanwhile, the quality defects of the depression, the crack, the slag runner and the like on the surface of the casting blank are overcome, the surface and subcutaneous quality of the casting blank is improved, and the production efficiency of continuous casting is improved.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a crystallizer covering slag suitable for diameter 1000mm and above round billet casting which characterized in that: the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: CaO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent and less than or equal to 27.5 percent, and SiO is more than or equal to 19.5 percent 2 ≤27.5％，10.5％≤Al 2 O 3 ≤19.5％，3.0％≤MgO≤8.0％，0≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤4.0％，2.0％≤F≤7.0％，1.0％≤BaO≤4.0％，1.0％≤MnO≤5.0％，0％≤Na 2 O is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, C is more than or equal to 8.0 percent and less than or equal to 16.0 percent, and the balance is impurities.
2. The mold flux according to claim 1, wherein: the CaO/SiO 2 Is 1.0 to 1.40.
3. The mold flux according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: CaO 22.85%, SiO 2 21.77% for F, 4.59% for Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO and Na is 21.59% 2 3.53% of O, 1.59% of MnO, 2.12% of BaO, Fe 2 O 3 1.53%, C11.5%, and the balance impurities.
4. The mold flux according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: CaO 24.12%, SiO 2 23.42% of F, 3.61% of Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO is 19.52 percent and Na 2 O is 3.91%, Fe 2 O 3 1.72%, MnO 1.95%, BaO 2.03%, C10.52%, and the balance impurities.
5. The mold flux according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: CaO 24.5%, SiO 2 21.5%, F3.91%, Al 2 O 3 The sum of MgO and Na is 20.51 percent 2 O is 3.55%, Fe 2 O 3 1.15%, MnO 2.59%, BaO 1.98%, C9.85%, and the balance impurities.
6. The mold flux according to claim 1, wherein: is suitable for casting round billets of medium carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.2-0.6 wt%.
7. A method for preparing the mold flux of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises that
Step one, raw material preparation: the components in the crystallizer casting powder are prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
wollastonite: SiO 2 2 ：51.0±3.5％，CaO：42.0±3.5％；
Fluorite: CaF 2 ≥92.0％，SiO 2 ＜5.0％，CaCO 3 ＜3.5％；
Glass: SiO 2 2 ：71±2.0％，Al 2 O 3 ＜5.0％，Na 2 O≥9.0％；
Calcined bauxite: al (Al) 2 O 3 ≥85.0％；
Industrial soda: na (Na) 2 CO 3 ≥98.0％；
Barium carbonate BaCO 3 ≥99.0％
Manganese carbonate: MnCO 3 ≥92.0％
Carbon black: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 98.0 percent;
graphite: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 93.0 percent;
step two, calculating the weight percentage of the corresponding raw materials in the step one according to the weight percentage of each target chemical component in the crystallizer covering slag;
step three, weighing corresponding raw materials according to the calculation result of the step two; putting the weighed raw materials into a furnace except the carbonaceous materials for melting uniformly, preserving the heat at 1250-1400 ℃ for more than 30min, discharging, and then quenching with water and cooling to obtain a pre-melted material;
step four, crushing and grinding the pre-molten material through a fine screen, adding a carbon material prepared in advance, starting ball milling, adding water and a binder in the ball milling process, and grinding to prepare slurry;
and step five, granulating and drying the slurry obtained in the step four, wherein the moisture content is not more than 0.5%, and the granularity is less than 2.0 mm.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: step four, grinding the pre-melted material, and then sieving the ground pre-melted material through a fine sieve of 300 meshes, wherein the addition amount of water is 0.5-3 times of the weight of the dry material in the ball milling process, and the addition amount of the binder is 1% -2% of the weight of the dry material.
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2022
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